The non-destructive evaluation of concrete is a vital part and an active and interesting field of research which can be a fundamental step in the process of heritageization of contemporary architecture, especially for the new large mosques in Algeria. The present study consists of the assessment of the concrete structure of the pole mosque of Oran by applying a protocol of non-destructive testing of the compressive strength based on the combination of two tests of the SonReb approach; ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and rebound index (RN). This method not only makes it possible to check the physical state of the structure, but also to collect the information necessary to predict the possibility of use in the future. The results of the experimental tests obtained indicate a very acceptable quality of the concrete of the pole mosque of Oran.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BY THE SONREB TESTS: CASE OF THE POLE MOSQUE OF ORAN","authors":"S. Bousmaha, M. Cheikh-Zouaoui, Samia Chergui","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.26","url":null,"abstract":"The non-destructive evaluation of concrete is a vital part and an active and interesting field of research which can be a fundamental step in the process of heritageization of contemporary architecture, especially for the new large mosques in Algeria. The present study consists of the assessment of the concrete structure of the pole mosque of Oran by applying a protocol of non-destructive testing of the compressive strength based on the combination of two tests of the SonReb approach; ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and rebound index (RN). \u0000This method not only makes it possible to check the physical state of the structure, but also to collect the information necessary to predict the possibility of use in the future. The results of the experimental tests obtained indicate a very acceptable quality of the concrete of the pole mosque of Oran.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1117-1131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43337040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research is to analyze and demonstrate the deficiencies and opportunities of the green landscape in primary schools, Kigali, Rwanda. Despite the recent research on significant positive effects of green spaces on public health such as mental, physical, and social, the landscape design with green elements has less taken into account as a priority in schools. The methodology of this research was based on the qualitative method by applying structured observation, photography, and site analysis techniques. The findings identify that the schools face the deficiencies to apply hardscape, softscape, and interaction of the pupils with the green spaces. Despite the open spaces in the schools for design as great opportunities, the deficiencies of hardscape, softscape, and limited accessibility of the pupils to the green spaces could influence the general health of the users.
{"title":"QUALITIES OF THE GREEN LANDSCAPE IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS, DEFICIENCIES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR HEALTH OF THE PUPILS","authors":"R. Tafahomi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.25","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to analyze and demonstrate the deficiencies and opportunities of the green landscape in primary schools, Kigali, Rwanda. Despite the recent research on significant positive effects of green spaces on public health such as mental, physical, and social, the landscape design with green elements has less taken into account as a priority in schools. The methodology of this research was based on the qualitative method by applying structured observation, photography, and site analysis techniques. The findings identify that the schools face the deficiencies to apply hardscape, softscape, and interaction of the pupils with the green spaces. Despite the open spaces in the schools for design as great opportunities, the deficiencies of hardscape, softscape, and limited accessibility of the pupils to the green spaces could influence the general health of the users.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1093-1116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Analysis of trends in monthly evaporation and solar radiation in the face of climate change gives useful information for better planning and management of water resources. This paper examines the monthly evaporation and solar radiation trend using the recently developed innovative trend analysis method (ITAM). The monthly evaporation trend result shown that 75% of the months indicated decreasing trend with the month of February, March, August and April decreased significant at 0.1%, 10%, 10% and 5% significance level respectively. As regards solar radiation all the months indicated decreasing trend with January, July and October shown a decreasing trend at 5% significant level. By comparing the Mann-Kendall method with the ITAM the reliability of ITAM was ascertained. Hence, ITAM can be effectively utilized in climate change scenarios where useful information is needed for accurate management and planning of water resources.
{"title":"TREND ANALYSIS OF EVAPORATION AND SOLAR RADIATION USING INNOVATIVE TREND ANALYSIS METHOD","authors":"M. O. Ahmed, K. Ogedengbe","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of trends in monthly evaporation and solar radiation in the face of climate change gives useful information for better planning and management of water resources. This paper examines the monthly evaporation and solar radiation trend using the recently developed innovative trend analysis method (ITAM). The monthly evaporation trend result shown that 75% of the months indicated decreasing trend with the month of February, March, August and April decreased significant at 0.1%, 10%, 10% and 5% significance level respectively. As regards solar radiation all the months indicated decreasing trend with January, July and October shown a decreasing trend at 5% significant level. By comparing the Mann-Kendall method with the ITAM the reliability of ITAM was ascertained. Hence, ITAM can be effectively utilized in climate change scenarios where useful information is needed for accurate management and planning of water resources.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1030-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49324592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this experimental study is to analyze the relative threshold in a hydraulic jump evolving in a rectangular channel composed of a rough minor bed. We obtain a functional relationship, in non-dimensional terms, connecting the different characteristics of the jump.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH OF THE RELATIVE THRESHOLD OF THE HYDRAULIC JUMP EVOLVING IN A RECTANGULAR CHANNEL OF COMPOSED SECTION WITH ROUGH MINOR BED","authors":"W. Djamaa, A. Ghomri, S. Khechana","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.24","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this experimental study is to analyze the relative threshold in a hydraulic jump evolving in a rectangular channel composed of a rough minor bed. We obtain a functional relationship, in non-dimensional terms, connecting the different characteristics of the jump.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1079-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45208905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Abdulganiy, O. Akinfenwa, A. K. Osunkayode, S. A. Okunuga
This paper present a higher order, block implicit, four step method with trigonometric coefficients constructed via multistep collocation technique. The stability properties of the method is discussed. Numerical results obtained disclose that the new method is suitable for the integration of second order nonlinear periodic problems.
{"title":"A HIGHER ORDER TRIGONOMETRICALLY-FITTED METHOD FOR SECOND ORDER NONLINEAR PERIODIC PROBLEMS","authors":"R. Abdulganiy, O. Akinfenwa, A. K. Osunkayode, S. A. Okunuga","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.23","url":null,"abstract":"This paper present a higher order, block implicit, four step method with trigonometric coefficients constructed via multistep collocation technique. The stability properties of the method is discussed. Numerical results obtained disclose that the new method is suitable for the integration of second order nonlinear periodic problems.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1056-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46969031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy use-related environmental and social concerns and problems have led to the development of renewable (RE) energy types such as wind, solar, hydraulic, and geothermal energy. Increasing environmental concerns, as well as public awareness and positive attitudes towards sustainable energy types, have played an important role in this development. The present study investigated the effects of the mentioned environmental concerns on the attitudes towards renewable energy and renewable energy usage intention with a proposed structural model. In the first part of the proposed model, the effect of environmental concerns on the awareness and perceived benefits of RE, and in the second part, the effect of awareness and perceived benefits of RE on the RE usage intention was examined. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the model. Regarding the fitness of the model, the chi-square value was calculated as 141.77, and the (χ2/df) value as 2.36. Analysis results demonstrated that one unit increase in environmental concerns would increase awareness of RE by 0.63 and perceived benefits by 0.51 unit. It was also found that awareness of RE would increase the perceived benefits of RE and that especially the increase in awareness positively would affect RE usage intention.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN ON RENEWABLE ENERGY AWARENESS, PERCEIVED BENEFIT AND INTENTION TO USE","authors":"E. Arı, V. Yilmaz","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Energy use-related environmental and social concerns and problems have led to the development of renewable (RE) energy types such as wind, solar, hydraulic, and geothermal energy. Increasing environmental concerns, as well as public awareness and positive attitudes towards sustainable energy types, have played an important role in this development. The present study investigated the effects of the mentioned environmental concerns on the attitudes towards renewable energy and renewable energy usage intention with a proposed structural model. In the first part of the proposed model, the effect of environmental concerns on the awareness and perceived benefits of RE, and in the second part, the effect of awareness and perceived benefits of RE on the RE usage intention was examined. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the model. Regarding the fitness of the model, the chi-square value was calculated as 141.77, and the (χ2/df) value as 2.36. Analysis results demonstrated that one unit increase in environmental concerns would increase awareness of RE by 0.63 and perceived benefits by 0.51 unit. It was also found that awareness of RE would increase the perceived benefits of RE and that especially the increase in awareness positively would affect RE usage intention.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"995-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47980747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy policy plays an important role in confronting the energy crisis, in particular in the buildings sector which is responsible for 40% of consumption in Algeria and 42% in France, in Algeria the building sector is in full expansion following an accumulated delay of Several decades of lack of housing, committed to an energy policy will allow the preservation of natural resources, in France the objective and reduce their energy dependence and energy bill and allow the money saved to finance other projects and economic activities , it would be useful to compare the energy policies of Algeria and France to find the strengths and weaknesses of each policy,based on the comparison, recommendations were made to improve our policy and tackle barriers to achieve our goals.
{"title":"The COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ENERGY POLICIES FOR BUILDING SECTOR IN ALGERIA AND FRANCE, IN ORDRE TO IMPROVE OUR POLICY","authors":"N. Meftah, Z. Mahri","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Energy policy plays an important role in confronting the energy crisis, in particular in the buildings sector which is responsible for 40% of consumption in Algeria and 42% in France, in Algeria the building sector is in full expansion following an accumulated delay of Several decades of lack of housing, committed to an energy policy will allow the preservation of natural resources, in France the objective and reduce their energy dependence and energy bill and allow the money saved to finance other projects and economic activities , it would be useful to compare the energy policies of Algeria and France to find the strengths and weaknesses of each policy,based on the comparison, recommendations were made to improve our policy and tackle barriers to achieve our goals.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"982-994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46710386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ferouani, M. Lemerini, M. Sahlaoui, S. Askri, Mokhtar Khaldi, Y. Boumellah
This work presents a chemical kinetic analysis of different species involved in nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas by a DC (Corona Discharge) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This study takes into account 20 different chemical species reacting following 150 selected chemicals reactions. The reaction rate coefficients are taken from the literature and the density is analyzed by the continuity equation without the diffusion term. Many works have study removal NOx and they have showing the role of N, O and O3 radicals. So the aim of this simulation is to complete these studies by analyse of various plasma species under different reduced electric field: 100-200 Td. We analyse especially, the temporal depopulation rate evolution (10-9 – 10-3 s) of NOx. We have found that the rate depopulation of NO and NO2 is substantially affected by the reduced electric field rise from the initial value of 100Td up to 200Td. Thus, we have obtained in our simulation 2% of NO removal for 100Td against 96% for 200Td. This allows us the important role played by the reduced electric field.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF RADICAL N, O AND O3 IN THE REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN A CORONA DISCHARGE","authors":"A. Ferouani, M. Lemerini, M. Sahlaoui, S. Askri, Mokhtar Khaldi, Y. Boumellah","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.16","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a chemical kinetic analysis of different species involved in nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas by a DC (Corona Discharge) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This study takes into account 20 different chemical species reacting following 150 selected chemicals reactions. The reaction rate coefficients are taken from the literature and the density is analyzed by the continuity equation without the diffusion term. Many works have study removal NOx and they have showing the role of N, O and O3 radicals. So the aim of this simulation is to complete these studies by analyse of various plasma species under different reduced electric field: 100-200 Td. We analyse especially, the temporal depopulation rate evolution (10-9 – 10-3 s) of NOx. We have found that the rate depopulation of NO and NO2 is substantially affected by the reduced electric field rise from the initial value of 100Td up to 200Td. Thus, we have obtained in our simulation 2% of NO removal for 100Td against 96% for 200Td. This allows us the important role played by the reduced electric field.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"931-941"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48786787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Describing the morphological reality of urban areas is essential for any the city’s sustainability project. Through a comparative analysis based on a series of indices and their confrontation according to the multivariate principal component analysis, we have tried to evaluate from the view point of urban sprawl, the morphological compactness of the Algerian coastal Bejaia town. The latter is known to be characterised by physical and natural constraints which influence spatial growth and the process of urban development. The main objective of this article is to establish the macroforms classification that constitute Bejaia city. The configuration analysis’s results of its urban spots have shown an excessive spread of the agglomeration on the Bejaoui coast, which negatively impacts the city’s sustainability.
{"title":"A MACROFORM ANALYSIS TO DESCRIBE THE CITY MORPHOLOGICAL COMPACTNESS FACING THE URBAN SPRAWL PHENOMENON - CASE OF BEJAIA CITY -","authors":"K. T. Bouktit, D. Alkama","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Describing the morphological reality of urban areas is essential for any the city’s sustainability project. Through a comparative analysis based on a series of indices and their confrontation according to the multivariate principal component analysis, we have tried to evaluate from the view point of urban sprawl, the morphological compactness of the Algerian coastal Bejaia town. The latter is known to be characterised by physical and natural constraints which influence spatial growth and the process of urban development. The main objective of this article is to establish the macroforms classification that constitute Bejaia city. The configuration analysis’s results of its urban spots have shown an excessive spread of the agglomeration on the Bejaoui coast, which negatively impacts the city’s sustainability.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"892-913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research aimed to quantify the total flavonoid content and antioxidant properties in the different crude extract of the stem of Solanum nigrum that grow in southern Algeria. The results showed that EtOAc extract showed the highest flavonoid content (18.410±0.023 mg QE/g). The electrochemical behavior of the chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts was studied and indicated that all extracts were electroactive and possess antioxidant activity, chloroform extract showed the highest capacity (9.58±0.010 mg/g). it has been shown that these samples showed scavenging ability on superoxide anion produced by electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The chloroform extract was the most efficient extract presenting the lowest IC50 values (0.664 mg/mL). The binding constant (Kb) of reaction and the change in free energy (ΔG) were calculated.
{"title":"FLAVONOID CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITYN OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC CRUDE EXTRACTS OF THE STEM OF SOLANUM NIGRUM L. BY ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD","authors":"I. Guediri, C. Boubekri, O. Smara","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The present research aimed to quantify the total flavonoid content and antioxidant properties in the different crude extract of the stem of Solanum nigrum that grow in southern Algeria. The results showed that EtOAc extract showed the highest flavonoid content (18.410±0.023 mg QE/g). The electrochemical behavior of the chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts was studied and indicated that all extracts were electroactive and possess antioxidant activity, chloroform extract showed the highest capacity (9.58±0.010 mg/g). it has been shown that these samples showed scavenging ability on superoxide anion produced by electrochemical reduction of oxygen. The chloroform extract was the most efficient extract presenting the lowest IC50 values (0.664 mg/mL). The binding constant (Kb) of reaction and the change in free energy (ΔG) were calculated.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"914-930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44301952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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