Coronavirus epidemics emerged in the 1960s and the world has witnessed seven coronavirus outbreaks since then. Four of the coronaviruses instigate human influenza while the rest: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) trigger severe respiratory disorders (SARS, MERS and COVID-19 respectively). The etiology of SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are similar but their epidemiology, in terms of incubation period, infectivity, case fatality ratio and the serial interval differ. In an attempt to compare the infectivity and case fatality ratio of the diseases, a mathematical model was considered for each disease. The key epidemiological quantity, the basic reproduction number, was derived for each model to examine the transmission potential of each disease. The mortality rates for the diseases were also investigated by considering the global report of COVID-19 as of October 1 2020 together with the history of SARS and MERS. Results from the computations showed that COVID-19 had the highest transmission potential and at the same time the lowest case fatality ratio. It was also revealed that COVID-19 would have wrecked more havocs had its case fatality ratio was as high as that of MERS.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of transmissibility and case fatality ratio of SARS, MERS and COVID-19 via a mathematical modeling approach","authors":"A. A. Ayoade, T. Latunde, R. Folaranmi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus epidemics emerged in the 1960s and the world has witnessed seven coronavirus outbreaks since then. Four of the coronaviruses instigate human influenza while the rest: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) trigger severe respiratory disorders (SARS, MERS and COVID-19 respectively). The etiology of SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are similar but their epidemiology, in terms of incubation period, infectivity, case fatality ratio and the serial interval differ. In an attempt to compare the infectivity and case fatality ratio of the diseases, a mathematical model was considered for each disease. The key epidemiological quantity, the basic reproduction number, was derived for each model to examine the transmission potential of each disease. The mortality rates for the diseases were also investigated by considering the global report of COVID-19 as of October 1 2020 together with the history of SARS and MERS. Results from the computations showed that COVID-19 had the highest transmission potential and at the same time the lowest case fatality ratio. It was also revealed that COVID-19 would have wrecked more havocs had its case fatality ratio was as high as that of MERS.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46844783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this work is to determine the importance of the five partial sub-watersheds that penetrate the city of Tébessa and their water networks in the “Oued El Kabir” watershed , belonging to the semi-arid climate Characterized by torrential rains constituting a natural danger, in terms of the real dimensions of the floods, especially since the hydromorphological characteristics of the valleys are not clear on the ground, because of the urban expansion which carried them away. The study was based on the morphometric and cartographic approach which allows the comparison of sub-watersheds between them, through 12 indicators, to determine the most influential sub- watersheds using GIS and remote sensing The results showed that the “ennagues” sub-watershed is the most dangerous for the city, it is a priority for its protection, and the need to manage the most vulnerable parts.
{"title":"Facing floods in Tébessa City, Eastern Algeria, a morphometric and cartographic approach to prioritize intervention in the City's sub-watersheds using GIS and remote sensing","authors":"A. Hadjela, R. Annab, K. Seghir","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to determine the importance of the five partial sub-watersheds that penetrate the city of Tébessa and their water networks in the “Oued El Kabir” watershed , belonging to the semi-arid climate Characterized by torrential rains constituting a natural danger, in terms of the real dimensions of the floods, especially since the hydromorphological characteristics of the valleys are not clear on the ground, because of the urban expansion which carried them away. The study was based on the morphometric and cartographic approach which allows the comparison of sub-watersheds between them, through 12 indicators, to determine the most influential sub- watersheds using GIS and remote sensing The results showed that the “ennagues” sub-watershed is the most dangerous for the city, it is a priority for its protection, and the need to manage the most vulnerable parts.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42638790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kerrouche, K. Bazri, A.E.S. Zeltni, G. Ouahrani
The presence of organic matter in agricultural soils is an important factor in assessing the conditions of the soils. BRF and Manure are energy inputs that can improve the soil. The objective of our work is to study the influence of the contribution of Rameal Fragmented Wood (RFW) and cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus on the germination rate (%) of durum wheat (Tritucum durum) of the Hedba 3 variety. The study station is located in a semi-arid zone (Constantine, Algeria). the results obtained show that the contribution of RFW or RFW mixture and cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus has a beneficial effect on the the germination rate increased by 193.35% on average in the amended plots compared to the control plots.
{"title":"Effect of Ramial Fragmented Wood amendments on the germination rate (%) of durum wheat","authors":"I. Kerrouche, K. Bazri, A.E.S. Zeltni, G. Ouahrani","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of organic matter in agricultural soils is an important factor in assessing the conditions of the soils. BRF and Manure are energy inputs that can improve the soil. The objective of our work is to study the influence of the contribution of Rameal Fragmented Wood (RFW) and cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus on the germination rate (%) of durum wheat (Tritucum durum) of the Hedba 3 variety. The study station is located in a semi-arid zone (Constantine, Algeria). the results obtained show that the contribution of RFW or RFW mixture and cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus has a beneficial effect on the the germination rate increased by 193.35% on average in the amended plots compared to the control plots.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43382876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first hyperpolarizabilities βHRS of substituted hexatriene molecules have been carried out to assess the effects of the bridge length, of the frequency dispersion as well as the solvent polarity. These calculations confirm the particular behaviour of the first hyperpolarizability βHRS, depolarization ratio and the anisotropy factor as a function of the incident light frequency and solvent polarity. The impact of the solvent and expanding the π-conjugated limit to improve the βHRS .Finally, the interplay between βHRS and β//, βvec, dN...N, Egap and the Kirkwood–Onsager factor [(ε–1)/(2ε + 1)] was established.
{"title":"Solvent effect on Hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) first hyperpolarizability of substituted polyene: Part (I)","authors":"N. S. Labidi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.2","url":null,"abstract":"The first hyperpolarizabilities βHRS of substituted hexatriene molecules have been carried out to assess the effects of the bridge length, of the frequency dispersion as well as the solvent polarity. These calculations confirm the particular behaviour of the first hyperpolarizability βHRS, depolarization ratio and the anisotropy factor as a function of the incident light frequency and solvent polarity. The impact of the solvent and expanding the π-conjugated limit to improve the βHRS .Finally, the interplay between βHRS and β//, βvec, dN...N, Egap and the Kirkwood–Onsager factor [(ε–1)/(2ε + 1)] was established.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41760015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work focuses to the study of the coastal aquifer of Tipaza in the north of Algeria, for highlights mechanisms of potential seawater intrusion into groundwater. Tipaza aquifer has been overexploited for irrigation and water supply, which caused a negatively impacts on its water quality. To investigate these impacts, many tools have been carried out as: monitoring of piezometric level and physico-chemical analysis of 24 wells from 2008 to 2012 and pumping tests. The piezometric map shows the existence of zero meter level inside the plain; which making this area vulnerable to seawater intrusion, where isovalue curves of some chemical parameters are in increasing towards the sea. Results show also a high concentration gradient of some parameters in the first two kilometers, at 1 mS.cm-1.km-1 for EC and 600 to 900 mg.L-1.km-1 for sodium and chlorides respectively. The hydrochemical study confirmed the hypothesis of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of Nador.
{"title":"Seawater problem in the alluvial coastal aquifer of Nador, Tipaza, Algeria","authors":"A. Bouderbala, B. Remini, H. Saaed, A. Younsi","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.5","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses to the study of the coastal aquifer of Tipaza in the north of Algeria, for highlights mechanisms of potential seawater intrusion into groundwater. Tipaza aquifer has been overexploited for irrigation and water supply, which caused a negatively impacts on its water quality. To investigate these impacts, many tools have been carried out as: monitoring of piezometric level and physico-chemical analysis of 24 wells from 2008 to 2012 and pumping tests. \u0000The piezometric map shows the existence of zero meter level inside the plain; which making this area vulnerable to seawater intrusion, where isovalue curves of some chemical parameters are in increasing towards the sea. Results show also a high concentration gradient of some parameters in the first two kilometers, at 1 mS.cm-1.km-1 for EC and 600 to 900 mg.L-1.km-1 for sodium and chlorides respectively. \u0000The hydrochemical study confirmed the hypothesis of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of Nador.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44133791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pandemic spread of Covid-19 is worth examining by the geographic eye in order to highlight the spatial dimension of this propagation. The geographical approach is mainly convened to observe some of the territorializing aspects of coronavirus, through which it becomes possible to define the territorial specificities that intervene as vectors of vulnerability to the pandemic. Claiming to be one of the first geographical researches on Covid-19 in Algeria, this article proposes to question the correlated relationship between its propagation dynamics and the spatial and demographic characteristics of pandemic territories. The objective is to understand the behaviors of vulnerability or resistance of these territories, via geographical parameters. Such an understanding is principally useful in health prevention and action strategies.
{"title":"The geography of Covid-19 in Algeria: In search of demographical parameters of vulnerability","authors":"M. Benarioua, S. Chettah","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic spread of Covid-19 is worth examining by the geographic eye in order to highlight the spatial dimension of this propagation. The geographical approach is mainly convened to observe some of the territorializing aspects of coronavirus, through which it becomes possible to define the territorial specificities that intervene as vectors of vulnerability to the pandemic. \u0000Claiming to be one of the first geographical researches on Covid-19 in Algeria, this article proposes to question the correlated relationship between its propagation dynamics and the spatial and demographic characteristics of pandemic territories. The objective is to understand the behaviors of vulnerability or resistance of these territories, via geographical parameters. Such an understanding is principally useful in health prevention and action strategies.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42906862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Atriplex halimus L, whose vernacular name in Algeria « Guettaf », is a widespread palnt in the Sidi Bel Abbes region in western of Algeria. It is a plant species of the Chenopodiaceae family, much in demand by the population of the wilaya of Sidi Bel Abbes for the treatment of the genitourinary system, the digestive tract and its annexes, the cardiovascular and respiratory system. It is even indicated as hypoglycemic in diabetics.The objective of our study is an ethnobotanical investigation of the plant in question, where we will try to identify its common uses by the population of the region of Sidi Bel Abbes for healing purposes.Keywords: Atriplex halimus L, Chenopodiaceae, Treatment, Diseases, Ethnobotanical investigation.
{"title":"ETHNOBOTANIC STUDY OF THE ATRIPLEX HALIMUS L. IN THE REGION OF SIDI BEL ABBES- WEST ALGERIAN","authors":"T. Hellal, H. Benchohra, L. Mederres","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.28","url":null,"abstract":"The Atriplex halimus L, whose vernacular name in Algeria « Guettaf », is a widespread palnt in the Sidi Bel Abbes region in western of Algeria. It is a plant species of the Chenopodiaceae family, much in demand by the population of the wilaya of Sidi Bel Abbes for the treatment of the genitourinary system, the digestive tract and its annexes, the cardiovascular and respiratory system. It is even indicated as hypoglycemic in diabetics.The objective of our study is an ethnobotanical investigation of the plant in question, where we will try to identify its common uses by the population of the region of Sidi Bel Abbes for healing purposes.Keywords: Atriplex halimus L, Chenopodiaceae, Treatment, Diseases, Ethnobotanical investigation.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1148-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42566479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Study aim is to monitor water quality at three sites at Keddara barrage witch located on territory of Boumerdes-Algeria. Physico-chemical, bacteriological and heavy metal analyses were carried out on waters feeding barrage site A, within barrage site B and those leaving barrage corresponding to pumping waters site C. Physical qualities of all three waters largely meet WHO standards. Chemical qualities Results showed that hardness is greater at site C. A mineralization with low nitrate, chloride, phosphate and ammonium contents. DCO/DBO5 ratio < 3 (for all three sites), indicating that source of water pollution is of organic origin. Analysis results of all three samples by SAA revealed traces of heavy metals which confirm good water quality. Keddara barrage waters are charged with total coliform bacteria, enterococcus and Escherichia-coli, so these waters require bacteriological treatment.
{"title":"WATER QUALITY CONTROL OF THREE SITES AT KEDARRA BARRAGE","authors":"N. Ghemmit-Doulache, N. Ouslimani","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Study aim is to monitor water quality at three sites at Keddara barrage witch located on territory of Boumerdes-Algeria. Physico-chemical, bacteriological and heavy metal analyses were carried out on waters feeding barrage site A, within barrage site B and those leaving barrage corresponding to pumping waters site C. Physical qualities of all three waters largely meet WHO standards. Chemical qualities Results showed that hardness is greater at site C. A mineralization with low nitrate, chloride, phosphate and ammonium contents. DCO/DBO5 ratio < 3 (for all three sites), indicating that source of water pollution is of organic origin. Analysis results of all three samples by SAA revealed traces of heavy metals which confirm good water quality. Keddara barrage waters are charged with total coliform bacteria, enterococcus and Escherichia-coli, so these waters require bacteriological treatment.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"965-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42573500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Firas Fadel, N. Tchouar, S. Belaidi, F. Soualmia, O. Oukil, K. Ouadah
In the present study, we explored a series of molecules with anticancer activity, so that qualitative and quantitative studies of the structure-activity relationship (SAR/QSAR) were performed on seventeen theophylline derivatives. These are inhibitors of ALDH1A1. The present study shows the importance of quantum chemical descriptors, constitutional descriptors and hydrophobicity to develop a better QSAR model, whose studied descriptors are LogP, MW, Pol, MR, S, V, HE, DM, EHOMO and ELUMO. A multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) procedure was used to design the relationships between molecular descriptors and the inhibition of ALDH1A1 by theophylline derivatives. The validation and good quality of the QSAR model are confirmed by a strong correlation between experimental and predicted activity.
{"title":"COMPUTATIONAL SCREENING AND QSAR STUDY ON A SERIES THEOPHYLLINE DERIVATIVES AS ALDH1A1 INHIBITORS","authors":"Firas Fadel, N. Tchouar, S. Belaidi, F. Soualmia, O. Oukil, K. Ouadah","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.17","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we explored a series of molecules with anticancer activity, so that qualitative and quantitative studies of the structure-activity relationship (SAR/QSAR) were performed on seventeen theophylline derivatives. These are inhibitors of ALDH1A1. The present study shows the importance of quantum chemical descriptors, constitutional descriptors and hydrophobicity to develop a better QSAR model, whose studied descriptors are LogP, MW, Pol, MR, S, V, HE, DM, EHOMO and ELUMO. A multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) procedure was used to design the relationships between molecular descriptors and the inhibition of ALDH1A1 by theophylline derivatives. The validation and good quality of the QSAR model are confirmed by a strong correlation between experimental and predicted activity.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"942-964"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45905355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Bellazi, N. Zenati, N. Belahcene, Y. Berredjem, A. Gheid
The physico-chemical parameters of the surface waters of the Cherf wadi watershed experience considerable variations over space and time under the influence of natural or anthropogenic phenomena. The application of the Kruskal-Wallis test for the comparison of the physico-chemical parameters showed that there were very significant intersite differences for pH, electrical conductivity, bicarbonate, chloride and sodium; as well as significant differences between the dates for all the studied variables. The typology highlighted by principal component analysis and Hierarchical Classification Analysis is linked to the availability of mineral elements by the anthropic activities of variable intensity depending on the sites, is added a natural process of mineralization related to the contact water- rock and throughfall phenomena. Statistical processing also revealed two types of water. The first type represents waters with very strong mineralization with very high sodium and chloride values characterizing the waters of site 5. The second type is marked by strong mineralization with high contents of Calcium. It characterizes the sites receiving discharges coming respectively from certain agglomerations not connected to the wastewater system and from the treatment plant.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO THE STUDY OF THE SPATIO-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE CHERF WADI BASIN. ALGERIA","authors":"M. A. Bellazi, N. Zenati, N. Belahcene, Y. Berredjem, A. Gheid","doi":"10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JFAS.V13I2.27","url":null,"abstract":"The physico-chemical parameters of the surface waters of the Cherf wadi watershed experience considerable variations over space and time under the influence of natural or anthropogenic phenomena. The application of the Kruskal-Wallis test for the comparison of the physico-chemical parameters showed that there were very significant intersite differences for pH, electrical conductivity, bicarbonate, chloride and sodium; as well as significant differences between the dates for all the studied variables. The typology highlighted by principal component analysis and Hierarchical Classification Analysis is linked to the availability of mineral elements by the anthropic activities of variable intensity depending on the sites, is added a natural process of mineralization related to the contact water- rock and throughfall phenomena. Statistical processing also revealed two types of water. The first type represents waters with very strong mineralization with very high sodium and chloride values characterizing the waters of site 5. The second type is marked by strong mineralization with high contents of Calcium. It characterizes the sites receiving discharges coming respectively from certain agglomerations not connected to the wastewater system and from the treatment plant.","PeriodicalId":15885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1132-1147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44926764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：