Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17234
Magda A. Ali, M. D. Salman, Amna Fadel Mahmoud
The Scout movement is considered a tool for upbringing and building for generations in a way thatreflects positively on the civilized, scientific and social development of society, for it is no longer justa means to occupy the leisure time of youth, but rather has become a contribution to developing theirabilities and behaviour by developing their social skills, instilling sound values and ethics for them, andenriching their knowledge with movements and information that It can contribute to providing themwith experiences that qualify them physically, mentally and socially as individuals who are good citizensin their societies to build a generation capable of serving their homeland. Values have a great and directinfluence on the work that the mobile performs in terms of controlling his behavior and defining hisgoals And taking decisions related to its work, and the extent of the relationship of scouting curriculaaccording to the perspective of the sustainable development goals with the application of scout culturein the behavior of scouts, the research objectives. the research community was identified with leadersand scout leaders in the education directorates in the governorates of Iraq except for the Kurdistanregion for the academic year 2019-2020, and the researchers identified the research sample in a randomway, Whereas, (10) leaders and female leaders were selected for the reconnaissance experiment, (40)leaders and female leaders for the construction sample.
{"title":"Scout Culture and its Relationship with Scout Curricula According to the Perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals among Scout Leaders in Iraq","authors":"Magda A. Ali, M. D. Salman, Amna Fadel Mahmoud","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17234","url":null,"abstract":"The Scout movement is considered a tool for upbringing and building for generations in a way thatreflects positively on the civilized, scientific and social development of society, for it is no longer justa means to occupy the leisure time of youth, but rather has become a contribution to developing theirabilities and behaviour by developing their social skills, instilling sound values and ethics for them, andenriching their knowledge with movements and information that It can contribute to providing themwith experiences that qualify them physically, mentally and socially as individuals who are good citizensin their societies to build a generation capable of serving their homeland. Values have a great and directinfluence on the work that the mobile performs in terms of controlling his behavior and defining hisgoals And taking decisions related to its work, and the extent of the relationship of scouting curriculaaccording to the perspective of the sustainable development goals with the application of scout culturein the behavior of scouts, the research objectives. the research community was identified with leadersand scout leaders in the education directorates in the governorates of Iraq except for the Kurdistanregion for the academic year 2019-2020, and the researchers identified the research sample in a randomway, Whereas, (10) leaders and female leaders were selected for the reconnaissance experiment, (40)leaders and female leaders for the construction sample.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"3032-3037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82858567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17241
H. Hussain, Wijdan Basheer Abed, Dalia H. Al-Hamawandy
The esophageal morphology of Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was investigated to fill the dearthof information on the morphology of esophagus from available literature and help in understandingits digestive tract biology. The esophagus is long and highly distensible, musculomembranous tubularshape, it began from oropharyngeal cavity and terminated on the proventriculus. The esophagus wasdivided into two regions are represented by cervical part and Thoracic part, the crop was absent.Internal lining of the esophagus consisted of un- branched straight longitudinal folds the mean lengthof esophagus was about 25 cm; it was wider in the anterior part than the posterior part.
{"title":"Morphological Description of the Esophagus in the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)","authors":"H. Hussain, Wijdan Basheer Abed, Dalia H. Al-Hamawandy","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17241","url":null,"abstract":"The esophageal morphology of Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was investigated to fill the dearthof information on the morphology of esophagus from available literature and help in understandingits digestive tract biology. The esophagus is long and highly distensible, musculomembranous tubularshape, it began from oropharyngeal cavity and terminated on the proventriculus. The esophagus wasdivided into two regions are represented by cervical part and Thoracic part, the crop was absent.Internal lining of the esophagus consisted of un- branched straight longitudinal folds the mean lengthof esophagus was about 25 cm; it was wider in the anterior part than the posterior part.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"3079-3083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90053066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17250
Ahmed Jasim Mohammed Aldraje, A. Jasim
Background: Teachers knowledge about epilepsy is an important issue since teachers have lots of effectwhen children spend epileptic seizure at the school, and plays a vital role on providing an educationalsupport for epileptic child and to keep good communication between epileptic and normal child.Objectives of the Study: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an instructionalprogram on Elementary school teacher’s knowledge concerning epilepsy.Methodology: A quasi-experimental design used in the present study with the application a (preposttestapproach) for the study group and control group after implementation of instructional program.Data collection was done at two times: for both study and control group and (15) days after giving theinstructional program in the study group.Results: The results of the study shows that there is a highly significant differences related to teacher’sknowledge concerning epilepsy at Al-Rusafa Third Education Directorate in Baghdad City, There is asignificant association between teacher’s knowledge with their socio-demographic characteristics interm of educational level, marital status, and family monthly income.
{"title":"Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Teachers’ Knowledge about Epilepsy in Elementary Schools at Al-Rusafa Third Education Directorate in Baghdad City/Iraq","authors":"Ahmed Jasim Mohammed Aldraje, A. Jasim","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17250","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teachers knowledge about epilepsy is an important issue since teachers have lots of effectwhen children spend epileptic seizure at the school, and plays a vital role on providing an educationalsupport for epileptic child and to keep good communication between epileptic and normal child.Objectives of the Study: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an instructionalprogram on Elementary school teacher’s knowledge concerning epilepsy.Methodology: A quasi-experimental design used in the present study with the application a (preposttestapproach) for the study group and control group after implementation of instructional program.Data collection was done at two times: for both study and control group and (15) days after giving theinstructional program in the study group.Results: The results of the study shows that there is a highly significant differences related to teacher’sknowledge concerning epilepsy at Al-Rusafa Third Education Directorate in Baghdad City, There is asignificant association between teacher’s knowledge with their socio-demographic characteristics interm of educational level, marital status, and family monthly income.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"3142-3147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78724912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17232
Ali Hussein Sabri, Rafid Saad Hadi, Nadia Shaker Jawad
Athletics in general, and in particular the 400-meter freestyle event, requires special physical preparationfor the parts of the body that greatly participate in the skillful performance so that the running processcan be performed in the correct manner and with minimal effort by matching the muscles of the legs,distributing the exerted force during the run and increasing its quantities, from this basis, we mustfocus on the strength component, because strength has a good effect in the final achievement of the400-meter freestyle, as modern training methods must be used here to improve the strength component,and among these methods is the complex training whose basis is the mixing of weight exercises withplyometric exercises where weight exercises are stimulated muscles well and with plyometric exercises,allowing contractions moving in a circle (lengthening - shortening), therefore, the importance of theresearch lies in providing data and information within the complex training to know its effect on theforce distinguished by speed and the quantities of strength for specific distances and the achievementof 400 free meters, by applying these double exercises together and because they have an effect on thedevelopment of the most important types of muscle capacity, either the problem of research and throughthe follow-up of the researcher for many training units for 400-meter freestyle runners in Kerbala, theresearchers noted the lack of trainers’ use of modern training methods that would raise the level of themuscular capabilities of runners and their reliance on traditional training methods, and the importanceof research is to perform exercises in a complex training method and to identify the effect of temporarytraining on strength distinguished by speed and strength quantities for specific distances and to achieve400 free meters.
{"title":"Complex Training and its Effect on the Speed Force and Quantities of Strength for Specific Distances and the Achievement of 400 Meters Freestyle Under the Age of 20 Years","authors":"Ali Hussein Sabri, Rafid Saad Hadi, Nadia Shaker Jawad","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17232","url":null,"abstract":"Athletics in general, and in particular the 400-meter freestyle event, requires special physical preparationfor the parts of the body that greatly participate in the skillful performance so that the running processcan be performed in the correct manner and with minimal effort by matching the muscles of the legs,distributing the exerted force during the run and increasing its quantities, from this basis, we mustfocus on the strength component, because strength has a good effect in the final achievement of the400-meter freestyle, as modern training methods must be used here to improve the strength component,and among these methods is the complex training whose basis is the mixing of weight exercises withplyometric exercises where weight exercises are stimulated muscles well and with plyometric exercises,allowing contractions moving in a circle (lengthening - shortening), therefore, the importance of theresearch lies in providing data and information within the complex training to know its effect on theforce distinguished by speed and the quantities of strength for specific distances and the achievementof 400 free meters, by applying these double exercises together and because they have an effect on thedevelopment of the most important types of muscle capacity, either the problem of research and throughthe follow-up of the researcher for many training units for 400-meter freestyle runners in Kerbala, theresearchers noted the lack of trainers’ use of modern training methods that would raise the level of themuscular capabilities of runners and their reliance on traditional training methods, and the importanceof research is to perform exercises in a complex training method and to identify the effect of temporarytraining on strength distinguished by speed and strength quantities for specific distances and to achieve400 free meters.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":"3013-3024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77637758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17257
Alaa Hassan, Sami A. Zbaar, K. A. Khedhair
Aim of the Study: Evaluate the relation of serum level of AGEs and MDA with the development ofdiabetic nephropathy in patient with type two diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the possible mechanismby which AGEs and MDA induce nephrotic complication in type two diabetic patients.Patients and Methods: This case-control study was carried out in Erbil city from the period startedfrom 1st of December 2020 to the end of March 2021. The study included 62 type 2 diabetic patients(31 patients nephropathy and 31 patients T2DM without nephropathy), their age between 40– 69 years,these patients who attended Rizgari General Hospital. The study also included 28 healthy controlindividuals defended as subjects who apparently haven’t any chronic diseases. Blood was collectedfrom each for determination of HbA1c level , AGE3 and MDA and RBS.Results: The study revealed that, the highest mean of RBS and HbA1c was recorded in DN groupfollowed by diabetic non-nephropathy and the control group. The study revealed that, the highest meanof UACR was recorded in DN group (258.6±28.56 mg/gm) followed by diabetic non-nephropathy(35.6±11.95 mg/gm) and the control group (20.39±1.72 mg/gm) (P<0.001). The study showed asignificant positive of AGEs and MDA with each of duration of DM, blood sugar, HbA1c and UACR.Conclusions: This study showed elevated of AGEs, MDA and Poor glycemic control were associatedwith diabetic nephropathy.
{"title":"Advanced Glycation End Products and Malondialdehyde Serum Level Association with Nephropathy in Type Two Diabetic Patients","authors":"Alaa Hassan, Sami A. Zbaar, K. A. Khedhair","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17257","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the Study: Evaluate the relation of serum level of AGEs and MDA with the development ofdiabetic nephropathy in patient with type two diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the possible mechanismby which AGEs and MDA induce nephrotic complication in type two diabetic patients.Patients and Methods: This case-control study was carried out in Erbil city from the period startedfrom 1st of December 2020 to the end of March 2021. The study included 62 type 2 diabetic patients(31 patients nephropathy and 31 patients T2DM without nephropathy), their age between 40– 69 years,these patients who attended Rizgari General Hospital. The study also included 28 healthy controlindividuals defended as subjects who apparently haven’t any chronic diseases. Blood was collectedfrom each for determination of HbA1c level , AGE3 and MDA and RBS.Results: The study revealed that, the highest mean of RBS and HbA1c was recorded in DN groupfollowed by diabetic non-nephropathy and the control group. The study revealed that, the highest meanof UACR was recorded in DN group (258.6±28.56 mg/gm) followed by diabetic non-nephropathy(35.6±11.95 mg/gm) and the control group (20.39±1.72 mg/gm) (P<0.001). The study showed asignificant positive of AGEs and MDA with each of duration of DM, blood sugar, HbA1c and UACR.Conclusions: This study showed elevated of AGEs, MDA and Poor glycemic control were associatedwith diabetic nephropathy.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"133 1","pages":"3173-3180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17247
Eman Yousuf Rasheed, F. Reshad, Muhannad Abdullah Allazzawy
The study was conducted in Kirkuk city-Iraq from of February 2018 to September 2018. The numberof chronic kidney disease patients under study were 60 patients whose ages were between 40-70 yearsold. These patients admitted to Kirkuk general hospital (hemodialysis unit). The control group whowere matched to the patients studied, included 30 healthy blood donor and their ages were between 30-75 years old. Blood samples were collected for detection of BK polyomavirus DNA by real time-PCR.The study showed that the highest rate of BK polyomavirus DNA occurrence were recorded in patientswith chronic kidney disease when compared with control group (51.66% versus 3.33%) (P: <0.01).The study showed that the highest mean level of IL-6 was recorded in patients with chronic kidneydisease comparing with the control group (78.42 v.s. 3.40 ng/ml). The result was highly significant. Thepresent study demonstrated that the highest mean level of IL-6 was found in prostates cancer patientswho were positive to BK polyomavirus DNA comparing with BK polyomavirus DNA negative (52.54versus 25.88 ng/ml)It was concluded that BK polyomavirus was frequently detected in chronic kidney disease patients andcould play a relevant role in the development and progression of human hemodialysis
该研究于2018年2月至2018年9月在伊拉克基尔库克市进行。研究对象为60名慢性肾病患者，年龄在40-70岁之间。这些病人住在基尔库克总医院(血液透析科)。对照组与所研究的患者相匹配，包括30名健康的献血者，年龄在30-75岁之间。采集血样，采用实时荧光定量pcr检测BK多瘤病毒DNA。研究发现，慢性肾脏病患者BK多瘤病毒DNA的发生率高于对照组(51.66%比3.33%)，差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。研究显示，与对照组相比，慢性肾病患者IL-6的平均水平最高(78.42 vs . 3.40 ng/ml)。结果非常显著。本研究发现BK多瘤病毒DNA阳性的前列腺癌患者IL-6的平均水平高于BK多瘤病毒DNA阴性的前列腺癌患者(52.54 ng/ml vs 25.88 ng/ml)，提示BK多瘤病毒在慢性肾病患者中检测频率较高，可能在人血液透析的发生和进展中起相关作用
{"title":"Molecular Detection of BK Polyomavirus in Patients Under Hemodialysis","authors":"Eman Yousuf Rasheed, F. Reshad, Muhannad Abdullah Allazzawy","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17247","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Kirkuk city-Iraq from of February 2018 to September 2018. The numberof chronic kidney disease patients under study were 60 patients whose ages were between 40-70 yearsold. These patients admitted to Kirkuk general hospital (hemodialysis unit). The control group whowere matched to the patients studied, included 30 healthy blood donor and their ages were between 30-75 years old. Blood samples were collected for detection of BK polyomavirus DNA by real time-PCR.The study showed that the highest rate of BK polyomavirus DNA occurrence were recorded in patientswith chronic kidney disease when compared with control group (51.66% versus 3.33%) (P: <0.01).The study showed that the highest mean level of IL-6 was recorded in patients with chronic kidneydisease comparing with the control group (78.42 v.s. 3.40 ng/ml). The result was highly significant. Thepresent study demonstrated that the highest mean level of IL-6 was found in prostates cancer patientswho were positive to BK polyomavirus DNA comparing with BK polyomavirus DNA negative (52.54versus 25.88 ng/ml)It was concluded that BK polyomavirus was frequently detected in chronic kidney disease patients andcould play a relevant role in the development and progression of human hemodialysis","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"3123-3127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77543353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17246
A. Mousa, Tahseen R. Mohamed, B. A. Naji
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a newly discoveredcoronavirus. Coronaviruses transmits through personal contact and infection severity ranges from mild tosevere one. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design study to assess Knowledge, Attitudes and Practicestowards Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Among the Public in Baghdad city. The study startedfrom 10th April until 15th August 2020 during pandemic of COVID19 in order to complete the study Thedata collection has been achieved by internet (online) through Google forms. Results: the finding of thestudy demonstrated moderate level for knowledge, moderate level for attitudes, and high practice levelof study participants related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in addition knowledge and attitudes variableshave significant impact upon practices of the study participants. Conclusions: the study has concluded thatpractices of population were influenced by age, living place, educational level, living place and presenceof COVID19 cases in residence area finally knowledge and attitudes of community has impact on practicesregarding COVID19.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices towards Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the Public in Baghdad City","authors":"A. Mousa, Tahseen R. Mohamed, B. A. Naji","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17246","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a newly discoveredcoronavirus. Coronaviruses transmits through personal contact and infection severity ranges from mild tosevere one. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design study to assess Knowledge, Attitudes and Practicestowards Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Among the Public in Baghdad city. The study startedfrom 10th April until 15th August 2020 during pandemic of COVID19 in order to complete the study Thedata collection has been achieved by internet (online) through Google forms. Results: the finding of thestudy demonstrated moderate level for knowledge, moderate level for attitudes, and high practice levelof study participants related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in addition knowledge and attitudes variableshave significant impact upon practices of the study participants. Conclusions: the study has concluded thatpractices of population were influenced by age, living place, educational level, living place and presenceof COVID19 cases in residence area finally knowledge and attitudes of community has impact on practicesregarding COVID19.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"3114-3122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88991033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17236
A. Awad, Fadhel Farhan Kadhum Al-Bahadli
Background: E-Learning activated in Iraq after Covid-19 pandemic lockdown. Iraqi lecturers suffered fromthe electronic infrastructure of learning .Aim: to note the views of Iraqi lecturers towards e-Learning. Did they approve of E-learning? What are theprincipal conflicts of E-examinations?Methods: This descriptive, observational, prospective study. It involved 78 haphazardly collected Iraqilecturers from various colleges and institutes of Al- Anbar. The data gathered by a combination of learnersfrom the higher health institute of Al-Anbar. The research began from 1st February 2021 to 1st March 2021.The survey form about the lecturers’ views towards E-learning by implementing three points agreementLikert scale. Microsoft Excel software used for data analysis. The institute gave the Ethical permission. Thedismissed lecturers were those who did not reply.Results: There were seventy-eight lecturers, aged (25-55) years old. Thirty-three females (43 %) and 45(57 %) males lecturers. Forty-eight (61.5 %) lecturers had two modules. Forty-nine (62.6 %) lecturers hadmore than 100 students per a lecturer. Sixty-four (82.2 %) lecturers dislike E-learning. Fifty-five (70.7 %)lecturers did not support E-learning nor E-written examinations.
{"title":"The Attitudes of Iraqi Lecturers towards E-Learning","authors":"A. Awad, Fadhel Farhan Kadhum Al-Bahadli","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17236","url":null,"abstract":"Background: E-Learning activated in Iraq after Covid-19 pandemic lockdown. Iraqi lecturers suffered fromthe electronic infrastructure of learning .Aim: to note the views of Iraqi lecturers towards e-Learning. Did they approve of E-learning? What are theprincipal conflicts of E-examinations?Methods: This descriptive, observational, prospective study. It involved 78 haphazardly collected Iraqilecturers from various colleges and institutes of Al- Anbar. The data gathered by a combination of learnersfrom the higher health institute of Al-Anbar. The research began from 1st February 2021 to 1st March 2021.The survey form about the lecturers’ views towards E-learning by implementing three points agreementLikert scale. Microsoft Excel software used for data analysis. The institute gave the Ethical permission. Thedismissed lecturers were those who did not reply.Results: There were seventy-eight lecturers, aged (25-55) years old. Thirty-three females (43 %) and 45(57 %) males lecturers. Forty-eight (61.5 %) lecturers had two modules. Forty-nine (62.6 %) lecturers hadmore than 100 students per a lecturer. Sixty-four (82.2 %) lecturers dislike E-learning. Fifty-five (70.7 %)lecturers did not support E-learning nor E-written examinations.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"3045-3053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88855850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17254
B. Ibrahim, S. J. Muhamad
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for gallstones. Because ofthe numerous advantages of open surgery, such as limited incisions, short hospital stay, no drainagetube and stomach tube use, fewer analgesic and fewer complications.Aims: This study aimed at determine the effectiveness of an educational program on nurses knowledgetoward pre and post-operative nursing intervention for patient with laparoscopic cholecystectomy; andidentify the relationship between study findings and selected variables (age, level of education, andyears of experience).Methods: A pre-experimental design one group (pre-post test) is conducted for the periods of December26th 2020 to Jun 1st 2021. The study is carried out at the at AL-Imam AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital inAL- Nasiriya city. By non-probability purposive sample is selected from nurses who in surgical wardsbefore and after implementing educational program, data were collected and analyzed through theapplication of descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Findings indicate that nurses age at mean 24.2, (54%) females, (52%), nursing diplomagraduated (46.0%) have 1-5 years of experience and no participated in training sessions. Knowledgestatistically significance differences between pre and post -test for study group at (P < 0.05). There werestatistically significances differences between (level of educational, years of experience and number ofyears of work in surgical wards) and effectiveness of educational program among the two period (Preand Post-Test).Conclusion: More years of experience in training the staff nursing in surgical wards by local officialshelp raising professionals’ nurses. Provide the health resources and exploiting young energies of nurseswhich indeed helps to develop their knowledge.
{"title":"Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses Knowledge toward Pre and Post Nursing Interventions Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy at Surgical Ward in AL-Imam AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al Nasiriya City","authors":"B. Ibrahim, S. J. Muhamad","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17254","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for gallstones. Because ofthe numerous advantages of open surgery, such as limited incisions, short hospital stay, no drainagetube and stomach tube use, fewer analgesic and fewer complications.Aims: This study aimed at determine the effectiveness of an educational program on nurses knowledgetoward pre and post-operative nursing intervention for patient with laparoscopic cholecystectomy; andidentify the relationship between study findings and selected variables (age, level of education, andyears of experience).Methods: A pre-experimental design one group (pre-post test) is conducted for the periods of December26th 2020 to Jun 1st 2021. The study is carried out at the at AL-Imam AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital inAL- Nasiriya city. By non-probability purposive sample is selected from nurses who in surgical wardsbefore and after implementing educational program, data were collected and analyzed through theapplication of descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Findings indicate that nurses age at mean 24.2, (54%) females, (52%), nursing diplomagraduated (46.0%) have 1-5 years of experience and no participated in training sessions. Knowledgestatistically significance differences between pre and post -test for study group at (P < 0.05). There werestatistically significances differences between (level of educational, years of experience and number ofyears of work in surgical wards) and effectiveness of educational program among the two period (Preand Post-Test).Conclusion: More years of experience in training the staff nursing in surgical wards by local officialshelp raising professionals’ nurses. Provide the health resources and exploiting young energies of nurseswhich indeed helps to develop their knowledge.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"3148-3155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78715828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-05DOI: 10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17237
Atyaf Lateef Alturfa, Laith Sami Mehdi, Majida Sulaiman Aadai
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, derived frompolymorphonuclear leukocytes, during the early stages of periodontitis. There is plenty of evidencefor the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the destructive processes of periodontal disease as a viabletarget in early diagnosis and chemotherapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to determine thelevels of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with periodontitis and healthycontrols and the role of gene polymorphisms in the aetiology of the disease. Levels of MMP-9 insaliva was determined by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) technique in healthy subjectswithout any periodontal disease (n = 45) and in the patients with diagnosed periodontitis (n = 45).Gene Amplification, gel electrophoresis and genotyping were also carried out on MMP-9 gene. TheMMP-9-1562C/T appeared in three genotypes: CC, CT and TT, allele specific gene polymorphism wasamplified by PCR technique. The distribution of different genotypes in patients and controls for each ofMMP-9-1562C/T polymorphism was in a good accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE).Genotypes in both dominant and recessive models were non-significantly associated with periodontitis.Significantly higher salivary MMP-9 was observed in cases of periodontitis compared to healthy adults(p = 0.043). Salivary MMP-9 may serve as a biomarker of periodontal disease monitoring and aid inthe early detection of periodontitis.
{"title":"Alliance of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Promoter-1562C/T Polymorphism and Metalloproteinase-9 Saliva Concentration of Iraqi Patients with Chronic Periodontitis","authors":"Atyaf Lateef Alturfa, Laith Sami Mehdi, Majida Sulaiman Aadai","doi":"10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/IJFMT.V15I4.17237","url":null,"abstract":"Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, derived frompolymorphonuclear leukocytes, during the early stages of periodontitis. There is plenty of evidencefor the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the destructive processes of periodontal disease as a viabletarget in early diagnosis and chemotherapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to determine thelevels of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with periodontitis and healthycontrols and the role of gene polymorphisms in the aetiology of the disease. Levels of MMP-9 insaliva was determined by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) technique in healthy subjectswithout any periodontal disease (n = 45) and in the patients with diagnosed periodontitis (n = 45).Gene Amplification, gel electrophoresis and genotyping were also carried out on MMP-9 gene. TheMMP-9-1562C/T appeared in three genotypes: CC, CT and TT, allele specific gene polymorphism wasamplified by PCR technique. The distribution of different genotypes in patients and controls for each ofMMP-9-1562C/T polymorphism was in a good accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE).Genotypes in both dominant and recessive models were non-significantly associated with periodontitis.Significantly higher salivary MMP-9 was observed in cases of periodontitis compared to healthy adults(p = 0.043). Salivary MMP-9 may serve as a biomarker of periodontal disease monitoring and aid inthe early detection of periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":15899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"3054-3059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75882333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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