Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.261
U. Shin, Romika Ch, Ra, Hoduck Kang
This study was conducted to establish in vitro and ex vitro propagation systems and to secure the genetic resource for ex-situ conservation of Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engl. as a rare and endangered species. Plant materials were collected and prepared for various treatments for in vitro propagation by plant tissue culture and ex vitro propagation by root cuttings. For callus induction, leaf explants cultured on MS medium with BA 0.1 mg L-1 showed the highest rate at 24%, whereas the petioles supplemented with BA 0.5 mg L-1 exhibited the highest rate at 14%. Root explants treated with BA alone did not induce callus formation whereas a combination of BA and NAA showed 100% callus induction at concentrations of BA 0.1 + NAA 0.1 mg L1 and BA 1.0 + NAA 1.0 mgL-1. Shoots were produced at 50% from leaf explants treated with BA 0.1 mg L-1 concentration, whereas no shoots were observed even with the treatments from root segments. Rooting experiments supplemented with NAA 0.01 mgL-1 had the highest rate up to 86% with 15 small roots and 1.3 cm length. In order to increase the efficiency of in vitro potential regeneration of A. tabularis, additional studies would be needed for higher rooting rates from callus and induced shoot. Ex vitro propagation by root cuttings with large diameter and 7 cm length grew well above ground, whereas medium diameter and 7 cm length showed good rooting system in the first year. During the second year, small shoots grew well for medium diameter, whereas there were no significant differences among other treatments. Thus, the size and length of the cuttings were for the plants in the first year, which did not affect growth in the second year. Based on this work, A. tabularis root cutting for mass propagation would be possible by small size cutting system.
{"title":"In vitro and Ex vitro Propagations of Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engl. as a Rare and Endangered Species","authors":"U. Shin, Romika Ch, Ra, Hoduck Kang","doi":"10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.261","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to establish in vitro and ex vitro propagation systems and to secure the genetic resource for ex-situ conservation of Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engl. as a rare and endangered species. Plant materials were collected and prepared for various treatments for in vitro propagation by plant tissue culture and ex vitro propagation by root cuttings. For callus induction, leaf explants cultured on MS medium with BA 0.1 mg L-1 showed the highest rate at 24%, whereas the petioles supplemented with BA 0.5 mg L-1 exhibited the highest rate at 14%. Root explants treated with BA alone did not induce callus formation whereas a combination of BA and NAA showed 100% callus induction at concentrations of BA 0.1 + NAA 0.1 mg L1 and BA 1.0 + NAA 1.0 mgL-1. Shoots were produced at 50% from leaf explants treated with BA 0.1 mg L-1 concentration, whereas no shoots were observed even with the treatments from root segments. Rooting experiments supplemented with NAA 0.01 mgL-1 had the highest rate up to 86% with 15 small roots and 1.3 cm length. In order to increase the efficiency of in vitro potential regeneration of A. tabularis, additional studies would be needed for higher rooting rates from callus and induced shoot. Ex vitro propagation by root cuttings with large diameter and 7 cm length grew well above ground, whereas medium diameter and 7 cm length showed good rooting system in the first year. During the second year, small shoots grew well for medium diameter, whereas there were no significant differences among other treatments. Thus, the size and length of the cuttings were for the plants in the first year, which did not affect growth in the second year. Based on this work, A. tabularis root cutting for mass propagation would be possible by small size cutting system.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75000876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2376-0354.1000259
Stephenson Rc, Coker Ceh, B. Posadas, G. Bachman, R. Harkess, J. Adamczyk
There is increased interest in production of high-value crops in high tunnels, which have potential to increase productivity by extension of the growing season. Improved conditions in high tunnels may lead to improved yield and earlier maturity as well as additional production time. This can be of particular importance for crops where a premium price may be received for off-season production. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are one of the most important crops produced in high tunnels. Impact of high tunnels on insect pest populations is not well understood. Impact of high tunnels on populations of whiteflies, thrips, and aphids in southern Mississippi were evaluated using a plant washing procedure on ‘Celebrity’ and ‘Early Girl Bush’ tomatoes grown under field and high tunnel conditions for spring and fall seasons of two production years. Data on plant growth and environmental conditions were collected. High tunnel production resulted in increased whitefly populations. This increase in population was due to elevated temperatures within the high tunnels and protection from rainfall. Aphid and thrips populations were not impacted by high tunnel production in this study; however, overall population numbers of these pest taxa were low throughout the study period. Tomato plant height was greater for both varieties under high tunnel production as a result of increased temperatures.
{"title":"Effect of High Tunnels on Populations of Whiteflies, Aphids and Thrips on Tomatoes in Mississippi","authors":"Stephenson Rc, Coker Ceh, B. Posadas, G. Bachman, R. Harkess, J. Adamczyk","doi":"10.24105/2376-0354.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2376-0354.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"There is increased interest in production of high-value crops in high tunnels, which have potential to increase productivity by extension of the growing season. Improved conditions in high tunnels may lead to improved yield and earlier maturity as well as additional production time. This can be of particular importance for crops where a premium price may be received for off-season production. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are one of the most important crops produced in high tunnels. Impact of high tunnels on insect pest populations is not well understood. Impact of high tunnels on populations of whiteflies, thrips, and aphids in southern Mississippi were evaluated using a plant washing procedure on ‘Celebrity’ and ‘Early Girl Bush’ tomatoes grown under field and high tunnel conditions for spring and fall seasons of two production years. Data on plant growth and environmental conditions were collected. High tunnel production resulted in increased whitefly populations. This increase in population was due to elevated temperatures within the high tunnels and protection from rainfall. Aphid and thrips populations were not impacted by high tunnel production in this study; however, overall population numbers of these pest taxa were low throughout the study period. Tomato plant height was greater for both varieties under high tunnel production as a result of increased temperatures.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"38 3 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80898180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.260
Hui-lian Xu, K. Yeum, Y. Yoon, J. Ju
Green roofs have positive effects on urban settings, leading to improvements in aesthetics and energy consumption of buildings. However, green roofs are extremely difficult environments for plant growth and survival because water availability fluctuates dramatically and is often limited between dry periods and rain events. We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of a water-retention additive, hydrogel, in green-roof substrate mixtures on the growth and ornamental quality of Mentha suaveolens. Coir and perlite were mixed in the ratio of 80:20 (coconut coir dust to perlite, v/v; referred to as C4 P1 ), 50:50 (C1 P1 ), or 20:80 (C1 P4 ) at a substrate depth of 20 cm. Hydrogel (hydrophilic polymer: medium, w/v; dry weight basis) was added to the substrate mixtures at 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 kgm-3. All plants were watered every two days in the first week until they were well established, and then were not irrigated. The substrate with high coir substrate content increased the growth of Mentha suaveolens under drought conditions, but decreased the ornamental quality in rainy conditions. This study revealed that substrate C4 P1 , which has high concentration of coir, is not recommended for Mentha suaveolens in the rainy season. The addition of hydrogel increased the growth and ornamental quality of Mentha suaveolens in substrates C1 P1 and C1 P4 under drought condition. Moreover, substrate C1 P4 with 1.0 kg m-3 added hydrogel was optimal for Mentha suaveolens growth on green roofs, regardless of drought and rainy conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Hydrogels in Three Substrates on Growth and Ornamental Quality of Apple Mint (Mentha suaveolens) in Unirrigated Green Roofs","authors":"Hui-lian Xu, K. Yeum, Y. Yoon, J. Ju","doi":"10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.260","url":null,"abstract":"Green roofs have positive effects on urban settings, leading to improvements in aesthetics and energy consumption of buildings. However, green roofs are extremely difficult environments for plant growth and survival because water availability fluctuates dramatically and is often limited between dry periods and rain events. We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of a water-retention additive, hydrogel, in green-roof substrate mixtures on the growth and ornamental quality of Mentha suaveolens. Coir and perlite were mixed in the ratio of 80:20 (coconut coir dust to perlite, v/v; referred to as C4 P1 ), 50:50 (C1 P1 ), or 20:80 (C1 P4 ) at a substrate depth of 20 cm. Hydrogel (hydrophilic polymer: medium, w/v; dry weight basis) was added to the substrate mixtures at 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 kgm-3. All plants were watered every two days in the first week until they were well established, and then were not irrigated. The substrate with high coir substrate content increased the growth of Mentha suaveolens under drought conditions, but decreased the ornamental quality in rainy conditions. This study revealed that substrate C4 P1 , which has high concentration of coir, is not recommended for Mentha suaveolens in the rainy season. The addition of hydrogel increased the growth and ornamental quality of Mentha suaveolens in substrates C1 P1 and C1 P4 under drought condition. Moreover, substrate C1 P4 with 1.0 kg m-3 added hydrogel was optimal for Mentha suaveolens growth on green roofs, regardless of drought and rainy conditions.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79681424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2376-0354.1000253
Janine Colares Gadelha, F. Xavier, M. E. O. Escobar, R. Gilkes, T. S. Oliveira
Purpose: Determine the decomposition of compost under two levels of shading (total and none) and central pivot and sprinkler irrigation. Methods: Litter boxes were made with a 4mm mesh base, and PVC sides and filled with compost. Boxes were recovered after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. Amounts of remaining compost and nutrients were measured and decomposition rates and half-life values were calculated. Soil under the litter boxes was analyzed before and after removing boxes, for nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and organic carbon. Results: Compost was lost quickly over time. Losses were faster under central pivot than sprinkler irrigation. Total shade caused higher rates of decomposition than without shade. Half-life values varied from 0.12 to 1.02 years. Losses of nutrients were substantial, with P and K being lost at faster rates than mass loss. Conclusions: Nutrients were lost rapidly from compost and were mostly not present in the soil. Insects may have removed compost from the boxes. Total shadowing increases decomposition rates of compost.
{"title":"Compost and Nutrient Dynamics under Irrigation and Shadowing for Horticulture in Northeast Brazil","authors":"Janine Colares Gadelha, F. Xavier, M. E. O. Escobar, R. Gilkes, T. S. Oliveira","doi":"10.24105/2376-0354.1000253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2376-0354.1000253","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Determine the decomposition of compost under two levels of shading (total and none) and central pivot and sprinkler irrigation. Methods: Litter boxes were made with a 4mm mesh base, and PVC sides and filled with compost. Boxes were recovered after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. Amounts of remaining compost and nutrients were measured and decomposition rates and half-life values were calculated. Soil under the litter boxes was analyzed before and after removing boxes, for nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and organic carbon. Results: Compost was lost quickly over time. Losses were faster under central pivot than sprinkler irrigation. Total shade caused higher rates of decomposition than without shade. Half-life values varied from 0.12 to 1.02 years. Losses of nutrients were substantial, with P and K being lost at faster rates than mass loss. Conclusions: Nutrients were lost rapidly from compost and were mostly not present in the soil. Insects may have removed compost from the boxes. Total shadowing increases decomposition rates of compost.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"87 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74960500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.262
K. Ochar, E. Blay, G. O. Nkansah, I. Asante
In the present experimental study, we evaluated some tomato cultivars in greenhouse and field conditions in order to determine superior cultivars for yield and yield component traits. The experimental lay out adopted was the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) which was replicated three (3) times. The combined analysis of variance showed significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05) variability among the genotypes, locations and genotype-location interactions (G × L) for almost all the traits. The relative performances of the genotypes differed with location. Among the genotypes evaluated, Mongal F1, Platinum F1, Nkansah HT, Wosowoso, Roma and Sumo F1 displayed superior performance for fruit yield across all locations.
{"title":"Evaluation of selected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars in Ghana for superior fruit yield and yield component traits","authors":"K. Ochar, E. Blay, G. O. Nkansah, I. Asante","doi":"10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2376-0354.19.06.262","url":null,"abstract":"In the present experimental study, we evaluated some tomato cultivars in greenhouse and field conditions in order to determine superior cultivars for yield and yield component traits. The experimental lay out adopted was the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) which was replicated three (3) times. The combined analysis of variance showed significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05) variability among the genotypes, locations and genotype-location interactions (G × L) for almost all the traits. The relative performances of the genotypes differed with location. Among the genotypes evaluated, Mongal F1, Platinum F1, Nkansah HT, Wosowoso, Roma and Sumo F1 displayed superior performance for fruit yield across all locations.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90414637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-13DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000250
R. Nawaz, N. Abbasi, I. Hafiz, A. Khalid, T. Ahmad
Being a perennial crop, citrus is mostly grown in sub-tropical region of the world and in Pakistan it ranks first among fruits in area and production and the Punjab province contribution is 95 percent in area with same level of production. Alternate or biennial bearing is production of heavy and light crops in successive years and most of fruits including citrus are affected by it. The present study was conduct on economic analysis of citrus during on year and off-year in three districts of the Punjab province Pakistan. More alternate bearing was observed in Vehari and TTS districts due to late harvesting. Alternate bearing was observed less in Sargodha due to timely harvesting of Kinnow fruit for export. In Vehari and TTS harvesting linked with domestic markets and was done late than Sargodha. Fruit grades prices were recorded higher in off-year during all harvesting months while fruit availability for export also affected by biennial bearing. During off-year more income from orchards were reduced in Vehari and TTS than Sargodha. The complete randomized block design (RCBD) was used in filed study and a survey of farmers, local markets and exporters was performed to analyze it impact on citrus industry.
{"title":"Economic Analysis of Citrus (Kinnow mandarin) during On-Year and Off-Year in the Punjab Province, Pakistan","authors":"R. Nawaz, N. Abbasi, I. Hafiz, A. Khalid, T. Ahmad","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000250","url":null,"abstract":"Being a perennial crop, citrus is mostly grown in sub-tropical region of the world and in Pakistan it ranks first among fruits in area and production and the Punjab province contribution is 95 percent in area with same level of production. Alternate or biennial bearing is production of heavy and light crops in successive years and most of fruits including citrus are affected by it. The present study was conduct on economic analysis of citrus during on year and off-year in three districts of the Punjab province Pakistan. More alternate bearing was observed in Vehari and TTS districts due to late harvesting. Alternate bearing was observed less in Sargodha due to timely harvesting of Kinnow fruit for export. In Vehari and TTS harvesting linked with domestic markets and was done late than Sargodha. Fruit grades prices were recorded higher in off-year during all harvesting months while fruit availability for export also affected by biennial bearing. During off-year more income from orchards were reduced in Vehari and TTS than Sargodha. The complete randomized block design (RCBD) was used in filed study and a survey of farmers, local markets and exporters was performed to analyze it impact on citrus industry.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88853786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000248
S. Nasir, T. Regasa, F. Woldeyes
Ethiopia is one of the onion producing countries of the world and Bale Zone is one of the most productive areas of onion crop within a country. Pastoralist’s andagro pastoralists living from low land to highland areas of this zone are involved in onion production and the area is known by its huge potential. Even if the extensive onion production techniques used by smallholder farming generate very high income, these practices are threatening the sustainability of such farming because of many pests. The most prominent and devastating insect pests in study area is onion maggot. Therefore the Study intended to do the research on Participatory Evaluation of Improved Onion Verities for Management of Onion maggot. It was conducted on Bale zone Delomena woreda chirri kebel. The treatments consisted of three varieties namely: Melkam, Bombay and Nafis. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replication. The results of this study revealed that variety Bombay red and melkam are showed the symptom of onion maggot starting from seedling up to vegetative stage however variety Nafis is not totally show the symptom. Variety Bombay and melkam are showed the symptom at seedling stage maggot pupa on the base of the crop and yellowing of leaf at the vegetative stage. However, there are no significant yield losses at harvesting time. On the other hand the use of different varieties significantly affect plant height, number of leaf, pseudo steam length, bulb weight, bulb length and yield /ha. The highest plant height (69.07 cm) are found in Nafis while the lowest (53.03 cm) in melkam, The highest number of leaf (7.33) found in melkam while lowest (5) in Bombay red, The highest pseudo steam length (15.2) found in Bombay red while lowest (12.9) in Nafis, The highest bulb weight (110.10) found in Nafis red while lowest (80.17) in melkam, The highest bulb length (14.68) found in Nafis red while lowest (10.17) in Bombay red, The highest yield/ha (305.97) found in Nafis red while lowest (246.90) in Bombay red. Generally maximum bulb yield and bulb quality where obtained from Nafis variety and this variety was not affected by onion maggot. In addition to the finding the variety also selected by pastoral research group (PRG) in terms of both yield and resistant to onion maggot. Therefore, it is suggested that using Nafis verity in Delomena chirr Keble is effective for producing high yield and maggot resistant onion.
埃塞俄比亚是世界洋葱生产国之一，贝尔区是一个国家洋葱产量最高的地区之一。从低地到高地的牧民和农牧民都从事洋葱生产，该地区以其巨大的潜力而闻名。即使小农使用的广泛洋葱生产技术产生了很高的收入，但由于许多害虫，这些做法正在威胁到这种农业的可持续性。研究区最突出和最具破坏性的害虫是洋葱蛆。因此，本研究拟对改良洋葱品种进行参与式评价，用于洋葱蛆的管理。它是在贝尔区Delomena woreda chirri kebel进行的。处理包括三个品种:Melkam、Bombay和Nafis。试验采用3个重复的随机完全区组设计。本研究结果表明，品种Bombay red和melkam从苗期到营养期都表现出洋葱蛆病症状，而品种Nafis则不完全表现出洋葱蛆病症状。品种Bombay和melkam在苗期表现为作物基部有蛆蛹，营养期表现为叶片发黄。然而，在收获时没有明显的产量损失。另一方面，不同品种的使用对株高、叶数、拟蒸汽长、鳞茎重、鳞茎长和单产有显著影响。植物株高最高的是Nafis (69.07 cm)，最低的是melkam (53.03 cm);叶片数最高的是melkam (7.33 cm)，最低的是Bombay red (5 cm);拟蒸汽长最高的是Bombay red (15.2 cm)，最低的是Nafis (12.9 cm);鳞茎重最高的是Nafis red (110.10 cm)，最低的是melkam (80.17 cm);鳞茎长最高的是Nafis red (14.68 cm)，最低的是Bombay red (10.17 cm);Nafis红单产最高(305.97)，Bombay红单产最低(246.90)。一般来说，Nafis品种的鳞茎产量和鳞茎质量最高，该品种不受洋葱蛆的影响。此外，该品种还由畜牧研究小组(PRG)在产量和抗洋葱蛆方面进行了选择。因此，利用Nafis verity在Delomena chirr Keble生产高产抗蛆洋葱是有效的。
{"title":"Participatory Evaluation of Improved Onion Varieties for Management of Onion Maggot (Delia antique) at Chirr Keble Delomenna District South Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"S. Nasir, T. Regasa, F. Woldeyes","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000248","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia is one of the onion producing countries of the world and Bale Zone is one of the most productive areas of onion crop within a country. Pastoralist’s andagro pastoralists living from low land to highland areas of this zone are involved in onion production and the area is known by its huge potential. Even if the extensive onion production techniques used by smallholder farming generate very high income, these practices are threatening the sustainability of such farming because of many pests. The most prominent and devastating insect pests in study area is onion maggot. Therefore the Study intended to do the research on Participatory Evaluation of Improved Onion Verities for Management of Onion maggot. It was conducted on Bale zone Delomena woreda chirri kebel. The treatments consisted of three varieties namely: Melkam, Bombay and Nafis. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replication. The results of this study revealed that variety Bombay red and melkam are showed the symptom of onion maggot starting from seedling up to vegetative stage however variety Nafis is not totally show the symptom. Variety Bombay and melkam are showed the symptom at seedling stage maggot pupa on the base of the crop and yellowing of leaf at the vegetative stage. However, there are no significant yield losses at harvesting time. On the other hand the use of different varieties significantly affect plant height, number of leaf, pseudo steam length, bulb weight, bulb length and yield /ha. The highest plant height (69.07 cm) are found in Nafis while the lowest (53.03 cm) in melkam, The highest number of leaf (7.33) found in melkam while lowest (5) in Bombay red, The highest pseudo steam length (15.2) found in Bombay red while lowest (12.9) in Nafis, The highest bulb weight (110.10) found in Nafis red while lowest (80.17) in melkam, The highest bulb length (14.68) found in Nafis red while lowest (10.17) in Bombay red, The highest yield/ha (305.97) found in Nafis red while lowest (246.90) in Bombay red. Generally maximum bulb yield and bulb quality where obtained from Nafis variety and this variety was not affected by onion maggot. In addition to the finding the variety also selected by pastoral research group (PRG) in terms of both yield and resistant to onion maggot. Therefore, it is suggested that using Nafis verity in Delomena chirr Keble is effective for producing high yield and maggot resistant onion.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87607145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-18DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000244
T. Vashisth, J. Grosser
The Huanglongbing (HLB) endemic has negatively impacted the Florida citrus industry. Currently, 80% to 90% of groves are affected by HLB, and there is yet to be a cure. Over the last few years, several preliminary studies have suggested that a constant supply of nutrients, preferably, all year round, is beneficial for HLB affected trees. These trees tend to look healthier, and produce more yield as compared to trees that do not receive optimal nutritional care. For decades, the use of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) has been demonstrated to be the most efficient strategy that provides constant nutrition to plants all year-round. However, citrus growers are confronted with a variety of CRF options without adequate decision-making information to make the most informed choice with limited budget. Our study was aimed at providing guidance to citrus farmers with regards to the CRF formulations that would be effective under HLB prevalent conditions. We compared five different CRF formulations that are popular among growers, and from three different manufacturers. We tested these formulations on the growth and development of a new plant of Citrus sinensis cultivar, Valquarius sweet orange, on rootstock US-897 under prevalent HLB conditions. The trial was carried out over the span of 4 years and, yields were measured in the fourth year. Using the five different CRF formulations, we found that there were no statistical differences in the yield and fruit quality. However, yields from all treatments were exceptionally high for a 4-year-old tree grown under high disease pressure. Overall, all the CRF formulations yielded good production and fruit quality. All the tested CRF formulations were similar in performance. Therefore, focus should be on constant supply of nutrition in managing groves under HLB prevalent conditions irrespective of manufacturer. Hence, the cost of fertilizer can potentially be a deciding factor for growers in selecting the CRF product for their grove fertilization program.
{"title":"Comparison of Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) for Newly Planted Sweet Orange Trees under Huanglongbing Prevalent Conditions","authors":"T. Vashisth, J. Grosser","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000244","url":null,"abstract":"The Huanglongbing (HLB) endemic has negatively impacted the Florida citrus industry. Currently, 80% to 90% of groves are affected by HLB, and there is yet to be a cure. Over the last few years, several preliminary studies have suggested that a constant supply of nutrients, preferably, all year round, is beneficial for HLB affected trees. These trees tend to look healthier, and produce more yield as compared to trees that do not receive optimal nutritional care. For decades, the use of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) has been demonstrated to be the most efficient strategy that provides constant nutrition to plants all year-round. However, citrus growers are confronted with a variety of CRF options without adequate decision-making information to make the most informed choice with limited budget. Our study was aimed at providing guidance to citrus farmers with regards to the CRF formulations that would be effective under HLB prevalent conditions. We compared five different CRF formulations that are popular among growers, and from three different manufacturers. We tested these formulations on the growth and development of a new plant of Citrus sinensis cultivar, Valquarius sweet orange, on rootstock US-897 under prevalent HLB conditions. The trial was carried out over the span of 4 years and, yields were measured in the fourth year. Using the five different CRF formulations, we found that there were no statistical differences in the yield and fruit quality. However, yields from all treatments were exceptionally high for a 4-year-old tree grown under high disease pressure. Overall, all the CRF formulations yielded good production and fruit quality. All the tested CRF formulations were similar in performance. Therefore, focus should be on constant supply of nutrition in managing groves under HLB prevalent conditions irrespective of manufacturer. Hence, the cost of fertilizer can potentially be a deciding factor for growers in selecting the CRF product for their grove fertilization program.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73469419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000237
V. Mishra, W. Ellouze, R. Howard
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are considered to be enormously important in contemporary agriculture and horticulture for their ability to improve crop disease and fertility management in commercial field and greenhouse crop production. Recently, commercial greenhouse producers have begun using AM inoculum to increase yields and provide sustainable growing conditions in organic and hydroponic production systems. However, strong evidence in support of their effectiveness in hydroponic production is still lacking. Future research is expected to address benefits of the use of AM fungi in hydroponic greenhouse crops, such as defense against pathogen, herbivore attack and the effective management of photo-assimilates by plants, which are essential for fruit production. In order to increase our understanding of the usefulness of AM fungi in hydroponic greenhouses, large-scale trial and a cost-benefit evaluation of the process are needed. This article discusses the use of AM fungi for improving organic and hydroponic greenhouse crop production and disease control, considering that AM fungi inoculations in soil-based greenhouses and fields have proven to be very effective.
{"title":"Utility of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Improved Production and Disease Mitigation in Organic and Hydroponic Greenhouse Crops","authors":"V. Mishra, W. Ellouze, R. Howard","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000237","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are considered to be enormously important in contemporary agriculture and horticulture for their ability to improve crop disease and fertility management in commercial field and greenhouse crop production. Recently, commercial greenhouse producers have begun using AM inoculum to increase yields and provide sustainable growing conditions in organic and hydroponic production systems. However, strong evidence in support of their effectiveness in hydroponic production is still lacking. Future research is expected to address benefits of the use of AM fungi in hydroponic greenhouse crops, such as defense against pathogen, herbivore attack and the effective management of photo-assimilates by plants, which are essential for fruit production. In order to increase our understanding of the usefulness of AM fungi in hydroponic greenhouses, large-scale trial and a cost-benefit evaluation of the process are needed. This article discusses the use of AM fungi for improving organic and hydroponic greenhouse crop production and disease control, considering that AM fungi inoculations in soil-based greenhouses and fields have proven to be very effective.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76653393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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