Pub Date : 2017-12-05DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000218
BP Bhattarai
Five treatments viz plastic (20 μ) wrapping (T1), plastic (20 μ) with 5 holes wrapping (T2), plastic (20 μ) with 10 holes wrapping (T3), Newspaper wrapping (T4), Jute wrapping (T5), no packaging materials (control) (T6) with three replication were used. Physical attributes including shelf life, weight loss, color index, pathological disorder and marketability were observed in every three days. Plastic (20 μ) with 5 holes wrapping (T2) was found best. This provides suitable environment for gaseous exchange and lowers transpiration and moisture loss rate and increases shelf life of fruits. The maximum shelf life (45 days) was recorded in T2. Weight loss was maximum in T6 followed by T4 and T5. The color change was rapid in T1 followed by T3 and T6. T1 and T3 were severely affected by the pathogens causing greenish color in the samples. Marketability was higher in T2 up to 42 days from storage followed by T4 and T5.
{"title":"Effect of Different Packaging Materials on Post-Harvest Status of Mandarin (Citrus reticuleta Blanco)","authors":"BP Bhattarai","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"Five treatments viz plastic (20 μ) wrapping (T1), plastic (20 μ) with 5 holes wrapping (T2), plastic (20 μ) with 10 holes wrapping (T3), Newspaper wrapping (T4), Jute wrapping (T5), no packaging materials (control) (T6) with three replication were used. Physical attributes including shelf life, weight loss, color index, pathological disorder and marketability were observed in every three days. Plastic (20 μ) with 5 holes wrapping (T2) was found best. This provides suitable environment for gaseous exchange and lowers transpiration and moisture loss rate and increases shelf life of fruits. The maximum shelf life (45 days) was recorded in T2. Weight loss was maximum in T6 followed by T4 and T5. The color change was rapid in T1 followed by T3 and T6. T1 and T3 were severely affected by the pathogens causing greenish color in the samples. Marketability was higher in T2 up to 42 days from storage followed by T4 and T5.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"193 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75858771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-06DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000214
A. Atucha
Replant disease (RD) is a major constraint for the establishment of economically viable tree fruit production systems. The use of tolerant rootstocks is considered the most cost-effective and long-term sustainable option to manage RD. The present study examines root production and lifespan of a replant tolerant and susceptible peach rootstock in a replant and non-replant soil. RD susceptible rootstock genotype Lovell and RD tolerant rootstock genotype Viking were established in a replant and non-replant site. Aboveground growth was determined by measuring the tree-trunk cross sectional area annually, and belowground root dynamics were tracked during a 2-year period using minirhizotron technology. Viking trees were significantly larger than Lovell in the replant site only. No significant differences were observed on the number of new roots produced by the two rootstocks in the replant or non-replant sites. In the replant site, roots of Viking remained white for a longer period of time, had higher AMF colonization, and second order roots had longer lifespans than those of Lovell rootstock; however no differences were observed between rootstocks in the non-replant site. Future research on identification of host defense mechanisms is needed for the development of tools that will support and accelerate breeding of resistant rootstocks.
{"title":"Root Dynamics of Peach Replant Tolerant and Susceptible Rootstocks in Soilswith Different Cropping History","authors":"A. Atucha","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000214","url":null,"abstract":"Replant disease (RD) is a major constraint for the establishment of economically viable tree fruit production systems. The use of tolerant rootstocks is considered the most cost-effective and long-term sustainable option to manage RD. The present study examines root production and lifespan of a replant tolerant and susceptible peach rootstock in a replant and non-replant soil. RD susceptible rootstock genotype Lovell and RD tolerant rootstock genotype Viking were established in a replant and non-replant site. Aboveground growth was determined by measuring the tree-trunk cross sectional area annually, and belowground root dynamics were tracked during a 2-year period using minirhizotron technology. Viking trees were significantly larger than Lovell in the replant site only. No significant differences were observed on the number of new roots produced by the two rootstocks in the replant or non-replant sites. In the replant site, roots of Viking remained white for a longer period of time, had higher AMF colonization, and second order roots had longer lifespans than those of Lovell rootstock; however no differences were observed between rootstocks in the non-replant site. Future research on identification of host defense mechanisms is needed for the development of tools that will support and accelerate breeding of resistant rootstocks.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85140648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-03DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000213
Beeson Rc, D. Silva
Propagation of citrus rootstock cuttings in a phyto-santitary greenhouse during summer months was highly successful with the right combination of shoot maturity, diluent, and auxin concentration; however, propagation of citrus cuttings over the course of a year has not been reported. Results of a yearlong trial indicate that common citrus rootstocks can be easily and quickly rooted when started from mid-March until early November at latitudes around N 28.5°. However, in December through late February, rooting success of citrus cuttings varied with auxin concentration, but was generally commercially unacceptable (24%) in greenhouses with minimum air temperatures above 19°C. If bottom heat of 27°C was applied during this period, average success was around 60%, achieving above 80% in late in the winter period. Rootstocks propagated during this period exhibit no abnormalities and could be budded when rootstock size and cambium activity are sufficient.
{"title":"Propagation of Citrus Rootstock Cuttings Success Depends on Season","authors":"Beeson Rc, D. Silva","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000213","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation of citrus rootstock cuttings in a phyto-santitary greenhouse during summer months was highly successful with the right combination of shoot maturity, diluent, and auxin concentration; however, propagation of citrus cuttings over the course of a year has not been reported. Results of a yearlong trial indicate that common citrus rootstocks can be easily and quickly rooted when started from mid-March until early November at latitudes around N 28.5°. However, in December through late February, rooting success of citrus cuttings varied with auxin concentration, but was generally commercially unacceptable (24%) in greenhouses with minimum air temperatures above 19°C. If bottom heat of 27°C was applied during this period, average success was around 60%, achieving above 80% in late in the winter period. Rootstocks propagated during this period exhibit no abnormalities and could be budded when rootstock size and cambium activity are sufficient.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90891151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-05DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000197
I. Bashir, F. Bhat, Humaira Qadri
Insects are known to be the most successful and diverse form of organisms on earth. Insects play an important role in running an ecosystem and help to perform various activities which are necessary for an ecological balance. The study which was carried in 2013 reports the insect diversity of Hirpora wildlife sanctuary (Shopian) and a total of 338 insect individuals of twenty six (26) species were recorded belonging to twenty (20) families and seven (07) orders during the time period of June-Nov. 2013. Lepidoptera order comprise of greater number of insects followed by Hymenoptera, Diptera and coleoptera while lesser number of insects were found in Odonata, Hemiptera and Orthoptera. The maximum number of insects were recorded in the month of July and August due to the favorable environmental conditions and least number of insects were recorded during the month of October and November at this stage their life cycle changes and their number starts to decline because of non availability of food and drastic change in the environment of which they are a part.
{"title":"Insect Community of Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary (Shopian), Jammu and Kashmir, India","authors":"I. Bashir, F. Bhat, Humaira Qadri","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000197","url":null,"abstract":"Insects are known to be the most successful and diverse form of organisms on earth. Insects play an important role in running an ecosystem and help to perform various activities which are necessary for an ecological balance. The study which was carried in 2013 reports the insect diversity of Hirpora wildlife sanctuary (Shopian) and a total of 338 insect individuals of twenty six (26) species were recorded belonging to twenty (20) families and seven (07) orders during the time period of June-Nov. 2013. Lepidoptera order comprise of greater number of insects followed by Hymenoptera, Diptera and coleoptera while lesser number of insects were found in Odonata, Hemiptera and Orthoptera. The maximum number of insects were recorded in the month of July and August due to the favorable environmental conditions and least number of insects were recorded during the month of October and November at this stage their life cycle changes and their number starts to decline because of non availability of food and drastic change in the environment of which they are a part.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73788167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-05DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000198
H. G. Megersa
Horticultural crops are mostly reproduced by asexual methods of plant propagations to multiply their exact copy of selected clonal varieties even if the sexual propagation method has also practiced for different plants. This can be done naturally for those plants which are propagating by specialized organs or by human intervention for targeted propagation purposes. The Specialized plant organs are those plant parts which have used for storage of reserves and reproduction purposes. They reproduce by dividing and separating the organs from their mother plants and will have propagated to produce new clonal plants. Propagation by division is a form of plant propagation in which a group of plants or plant parts are cut or torn apart which each part of the divided plant contains one or more of the roots of the plant and a part of the stem of one or more stems. This method is commonly used for different economically important horticultural plants like Irish potato that reproduced by tuber, sweet potato by slips and/or vine cuttings, Ginger by Rhizome, Onion and Garlic by bulb and bulbils and Strawberry by runner. Also propagation by separation is common type in horticultural plant propagation method. It is form of asexual propagation in which easily detachable stems are severed from the mother plants and allowed to produce new plants. Different horticultural plants like Pine apple propagated by sucker crown and slip Enset by rhizome and Banana by sucker to produce their copy of new plants. In different field of horticultural crops propagation industry, identifying the appropriate plat parts that used for propagation and their methods of propagation are the basic important for plant propagators.
{"title":"Propagation Methods of Selected Horticultural Crops by SpecializedOrgans: Review","authors":"H. G. Megersa","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000198","url":null,"abstract":"Horticultural crops are mostly reproduced by asexual methods of plant propagations to multiply their exact copy of selected clonal varieties even if the sexual propagation method has also practiced for different plants. This can be done naturally for those plants which are propagating by specialized organs or by human intervention for targeted propagation purposes. The Specialized plant organs are those plant parts which have used for storage of reserves and reproduction purposes. They reproduce by dividing and separating the organs from their mother plants and will have propagated to produce new clonal plants. Propagation by division is a form of plant propagation in which a group of plants or plant parts are cut or torn apart which each part of the divided plant contains one or more of the roots of the plant and a part of the stem of one or more stems. This method is commonly used for different economically important horticultural plants like Irish potato that reproduced by tuber, sweet potato by slips and/or vine cuttings, Ginger by Rhizome, Onion and Garlic by bulb and bulbils and Strawberry by runner. Also propagation by separation is common type in horticultural plant propagation method. It is form of asexual propagation in which easily detachable stems are severed from the mother plants and allowed to produce new plants. Different horticultural plants like Pine apple propagated by sucker crown and slip Enset by rhizome and Banana by sucker to produce their copy of new plants. In different field of horticultural crops propagation industry, identifying the appropriate plat parts that used for propagation and their methods of propagation are the basic important for plant propagators.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"190 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72606800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000210
F. Chmielewski, K. Götz, T. Homann, G. Huschek, H. Rawel
In order to develop reliable and physiologically sound models for the plant development in spring, the date of endodormancy release is always a crucial and mostly unknown model parameter. Until present, classical approaches - such as climate chamber experiments - are used to derive this unknown parameter. In these experiments, progressive plant development or significant changes in bud’s fresh weight or water content are measurable markers for dormancy release. This study presents an alternative approach, which is based on four well-known metabolites. For 5 seasons (2011/12-2015/16), the content of abscisic acid (ABA) and sugars such as fructose, sucrose and glucose in sweet cherry flower buds (cultivar ‘Summit’) were weekly analysed between beginning of October and April. These data allow comparing the annual course of these metabolites with the date of endodormancy release, derived from a classical climate chamber experiment, published in a previous study. Results showed that ABA and sucrose are two important metabolites which can help to identify the date of endodormancy release of sweet cherries. On average, ABA content reached a plateau of 5.65 μg g-1 DW-1 during endodormancy, which was maintained for 3-6 weeks. The significant reduction of the ABA content after this period to 4.41 μg g-1 DW-1 on average during ecodormancy was nearly in agreement with the date of endodormancy release of ‘Summit’ on 28 November (332 DOY). The annual cycle of sucrose, which has a cryoprotective effect during winter, is well comprehensible and showed a close relationship to the annual course of minimum air temperature after leaf fall (r=-0.90). The nearly constant level of sucrose during ecodormancy (21.0 mg g-1 DW-1, 5 yr. mean) did not only allow deriving the date of endodormancy release but can also be helpful to define the beginning of ontogenetic development.
{"title":"Identification of Endodormancy Release for Cherries (Prunus Avium L.) by Abscisic Acid and Sugars","authors":"F. Chmielewski, K. Götz, T. Homann, G. Huschek, H. Rawel","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000210","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop reliable and physiologically sound models for the plant development in spring, the date of endodormancy release is always a crucial and mostly unknown model parameter. Until present, classical approaches - such as climate chamber experiments - are used to derive this unknown parameter. In these experiments, progressive plant development or significant changes in bud’s fresh weight or water content are measurable markers for dormancy release. This study presents an alternative approach, which is based on four well-known metabolites. For 5 seasons (2011/12-2015/16), the content of abscisic acid (ABA) and sugars such as fructose, sucrose and glucose in sweet cherry flower buds (cultivar ‘Summit’) were weekly analysed between beginning of October and April. These data allow comparing the annual course of these metabolites with the date of endodormancy release, derived from a classical climate chamber experiment, published in a previous study. Results showed that ABA and sucrose are two important metabolites which can help to identify the date of endodormancy release of sweet cherries. On average, ABA content reached a plateau of 5.65 μg g-1 DW-1 during endodormancy, which was maintained for 3-6 weeks. The significant reduction of the ABA content after this period to 4.41 μg g-1 DW-1 on average during ecodormancy was nearly in agreement with the date of endodormancy release of ‘Summit’ on 28 November (332 DOY). The annual cycle of sucrose, which has a cryoprotective effect during winter, is well comprehensible and showed a close relationship to the annual course of minimum air temperature after leaf fall (r=-0.90). The nearly constant level of sucrose during ecodormancy (21.0 mg g-1 DW-1, 5 yr. mean) did not only allow deriving the date of endodormancy release but can also be helpful to define the beginning of ontogenetic development.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83063376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-20DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000209
Saleh Na, Hamoud S, Aviram M, Rom O, Volkova N, Hayek T
Background: Glucose is known to enhance macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development. However, the role of other monosaccharides, disaccharides or artificial sweeteners in macrophage atherogenicity remains unclear.Objective: We thus compared their effects on oxidative status, cholesterol, and triglycerides accumulation which regulate foam cell formation.Results: Supplementation of C57/BL6 mice for four weeks with sweeteners revealed that glucose, fructose, mannose, lactose or sucrose significantly increased hepatic lipid peroxidation and cholesterol accumulation, as well as mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) generation of ROS and lipid content. Supplementation with artificial sweeteners showed no significant pro-oxidative/atherogenic effects in the mice liver or aorta. Yet, cyclamate and sucralose significantly increased MPM ROS generation, and all artificial sweeteners increased MPM cholesterol content. In cultured J774A.1 macrophage cell line, glucose demonstrated the most pro-oxidative/atherogenic effects and significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (by 80%), cellular protein oxidation (by 119%), the accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides (by 65% and 51%, respectively), and the macrophage phagocytosis capacity (by 177%). Mechanistically, glucose attenuated HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages (by 17%) and enhanced their triglyceride biosynthesis rate (by 51%). Although to a lesser extent, mannose or cyclamate demonstrated pro-oxidative/ atherogenic effects and significantly increased cellular ROS generation, cholesterol content, triglyceride content and macrophage phagocytosis capacity.Conclusions: Taking together, the above results indicate the key pro-oxidative/atherogenic role for glucose as compared to other monosaccharides, as well as disaccharides or artificial sweeteners. Finally, the detrimental pro-atherogenic effects on macrophage foam cell formation of mannose or cyclamate, and to a lesser extent fructose, aspartame and saccharin are now clearly shown.
{"title":"Atherogenicity of Monosaccharides, Disaccharides and Artificial Sweeteners in the Lipid-Laden Macrophage Model System: Cell Culture and Mice Studies","authors":"Saleh Na, Hamoud S, Aviram M, Rom O, Volkova N, Hayek T","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000209","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glucose is known to enhance macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development. However, the role of other monosaccharides, disaccharides or artificial sweeteners in macrophage atherogenicity remains unclear.Objective: We thus compared their effects on oxidative status, cholesterol, and triglycerides accumulation which regulate foam cell formation.Results: Supplementation of C57/BL6 mice for four weeks with sweeteners revealed that glucose, fructose, mannose, lactose or sucrose significantly increased hepatic lipid peroxidation and cholesterol accumulation, as well as mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) generation of ROS and lipid content. Supplementation with artificial sweeteners showed no significant pro-oxidative/atherogenic effects in the mice liver or aorta. Yet, cyclamate and sucralose significantly increased MPM ROS generation, and all artificial sweeteners increased MPM cholesterol content. In cultured J774A.1 macrophage cell line, glucose demonstrated the most pro-oxidative/atherogenic effects and significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (by 80%), cellular protein oxidation (by 119%), the accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides (by 65% and 51%, respectively), and the macrophage phagocytosis capacity (by 177%). Mechanistically, glucose attenuated HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages (by 17%) and enhanced their triglyceride biosynthesis rate (by 51%). Although to a lesser extent, mannose or cyclamate demonstrated pro-oxidative/ atherogenic effects and significantly increased cellular ROS generation, cholesterol content, triglyceride content and macrophage phagocytosis capacity.Conclusions: Taking together, the above results indicate the key pro-oxidative/atherogenic role for glucose as compared to other monosaccharides, as well as disaccharides or artificial sweeteners. Finally, the detrimental pro-atherogenic effects on macrophage foam cell formation of mannose or cyclamate, and to a lesser extent fructose, aspartame and saccharin are now clearly shown.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87419096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-18DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000208
Soni Kk
Eclipta alba (L.) commonly known as False Daisy, and Bhringraj, is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. The greyish cylindrical roots are well developed. It popularly called ‘Kehraj’ in Assamese and ‘Kayanthakarra’ and/or ‘Kaikeshi’ in Tamil. Eclipta alba sprouts in moist places as a weed in warm temperate to tropical areas worldwide. It is widely distributed throughout India, China, Thailand, and Brazil. In ayurvedic medicine, the leaf extract is used as a powerful liver tonic, and especially good for the hair and skin.
{"title":"Eclipta alba (L.) An Ethnomedicinal Herb Plant, Traditionally Use in Ayurveda","authors":"Soni Kk","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000208","url":null,"abstract":"Eclipta alba (L.) commonly known as False Daisy, and Bhringraj, is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. The greyish cylindrical roots are well developed. It popularly called ‘Kehraj’ in Assamese and ‘Kayanthakarra’ and/or ‘Kaikeshi’ in Tamil. Eclipta alba sprouts in moist places as a weed in warm temperate to tropical areas worldwide. It is widely distributed throughout India, China, Thailand, and Brazil. In ayurvedic medicine, the leaf extract is used as a powerful liver tonic, and especially good for the hair and skin.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74458666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000207
Y. W. Seifu, S. Deneke
In potato production calcium nutrients can be applied in the form of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate. In this regard, application of calcium nutrients during growth of potato plants can be considered as an alternative method to improve plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate on potato growth, tuber yield and assess whether these calcium nutrients differentially affected potato plant growth and tuber yield. Pot experiment was conducted in lat-house under natural sun light condition. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were consisted of a factorial combination of two potato varieties (shenkola and gera) and three types of calcium nutrients: calcium chloride alone, calcium nitrate alone and calcium chloride mixed with calcium nitrate (1:1) each at three levels (5 g, 10 g and 15 g per liter per plant) and the control treatment (0 g of Ca nutrients). In comparison to the control treatment, application of either calcium nitrate alone or combined application of calcium chloride mixed with calcium nitrate has significantly increased plant height and tuber yield both in shenkola and in gera potato varieties. In contrast, plant height and tuber yield was not significantly differed in both potato varieties sprayed with all levels of calcium chloride alone. Hence it can be concluded that application of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate differentially affected potato plant growth and tuber yield.
在马铃薯生产中，钙营养素可以氯化钙或硝酸钙的形式施用。因此，在马铃薯植株生长过程中施用钙营养物可作为提高植株生长和产量的另一种方法。本研究的目的是确定氯化钙和硝酸钙对马铃薯生长和块茎产量的影响，并评估这些钙营养素对马铃薯植株生长和块茎产量的影响是否存在差异。盆栽试验在室内自然光照条件下进行。本研究采用随机完全区组设计，共4个重复。2个马铃薯品种(shenkola和gera)和3种钙营养物(单独氯化钙、单独硝酸钙和氯化钙与硝酸钙混合(1:1)3个水平(每株5 g、10 g和15 g / l)和对照处理(0 g钙营养物)的析因组合处理。与对照处理相比，单独施用硝酸钙或氯化钙与硝酸钙混合施用均显著提高了神仙薯和大薯品种的株高和块茎产量。单独施用各级氯化钙对两个马铃薯品种的株高和块茎产量无显著影响。由此可见，施用氯化钙和硝酸钙对马铃薯植株生长和块茎产量的影响存在差异。
{"title":"Effect of Calcium Chloride and Calcium Nitrate on Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) Growth and Yield","authors":"Y. W. Seifu, S. Deneke","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000207","url":null,"abstract":"In potato production calcium nutrients can be applied in the form of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate. In this regard, application of calcium nutrients during growth of potato plants can be considered as an alternative method to improve plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate on potato growth, tuber yield and assess whether these calcium nutrients differentially affected potato plant growth and tuber yield. Pot experiment was conducted in lat-house under natural sun light condition. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were consisted of a factorial combination of two potato varieties (shenkola and gera) and three types of calcium nutrients: calcium chloride alone, calcium nitrate alone and calcium chloride mixed with calcium nitrate (1:1) each at three levels (5 g, 10 g and 15 g per liter per plant) and the control treatment (0 g of Ca nutrients). In comparison to the control treatment, application of either calcium nitrate alone or combined application of calcium chloride mixed with calcium nitrate has significantly increased plant height and tuber yield both in shenkola and in gera potato varieties. In contrast, plant height and tuber yield was not significantly differed in both potato varieties sprayed with all levels of calcium chloride alone. Hence it can be concluded that application of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate differentially affected potato plant growth and tuber yield.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83588953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-25DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000205
F. Chmielewski, K. Götz
Some important stages of plant development, such as dormancy release and beginning of ontogenetic development, cannot be easily observed so that semi-mechanistic phenological models of spring phases mostly does not accurately reflect the control of these physiological stages. For this reason, over 6 years we studied weekly changes of Fresh Weight (FW), Dry Weight (DW), Water (WC), Nitrogen (NC) and Carbon Content (CC) in sweet cherry buds (Prunus avium L., cultivar ‘Summit’), from October to mid of April (stage ‘open cluster’, BBCH 56). Together with an experimental study to determine the date of endodormancy release, we were able to define the annual variability and average duration in the timing of para- endo-, and ecodormancy phase for sweet cherries, cultivar ‘Summit’. The secession of growth in autumn starts when all leafs has fallen down (BBCH 97) and marks the transition from para-to endodormancy. During endodormancy all investigated parameters reached a constant level which also did not change during ecodormancy. Our results showed that ecodormancy can be a relatively long phase in temperate climates, which must be adequately handled in phenological models. Beginning of ontogenetic development was clearly related to steadily rising water contents in cherry buds, which stayed stable during endo- and ecodormancy. Thus, this study highlights the importance of bud’s water content to define dormancy phases as well as beginning of ontogenetic development. The latter one was induced by continuously rising air temperatures above the freezing point. Physiologically, beginning of ontogenetic development is a flexible date which occurred on average 26 days before bud swelling was observed.
一些重要的植物发育阶段，如休眠释放和个体发育开始，不容易观察到，因此春季阶段的半机械物候模型大多不能准确反映这些生理阶段的控制。为此，在6年多的时间里，我们研究了甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.，栽培品种' Summit ')从10月到4月中旬(' open cluster '阶段，BBCH 56)芽的鲜重(FW)、干重(DW)、水分(WC)、氮(NC)和碳含量(CC)的每周变化。结合一项确定内源性休眠释放日期的实验研究，我们能够确定甜樱桃“顶峰”品种的内源性休眠和生态气味期时间的年变异性和平均持续时间。在秋天，当所有的叶子都落下时，生长的分裂就开始了(BBCH 97)，标志着从准休眠到内休眠的过渡。在内休眠期间，所有调查参数达到恒定水平，在生态休眠期间也没有变化。我们的研究结果表明，在温带气候中，生态气味可能是一个相对较长的阶段，必须在物候模型中充分处理。个体发育的开始与樱桃芽含水量的稳定上升有关，且在内生和生态期保持稳定。因此，本研究强调了芽含水量对确定休眠阶段以及个体发育开始的重要性。后者是由气温持续上升到冰点以上引起的。在生理上，个体发育的开始是一个灵活的日期，平均发生在芽肿胀前26天。
{"title":"Identification and Timing of Dormant and Ontogenetic Phase for Sweet Cherries in Northeast Germany for Modelling Purposes","authors":"F. Chmielewski, K. Götz","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000205","url":null,"abstract":"Some important stages of plant development, such as dormancy release and beginning of ontogenetic development, cannot be easily observed so that semi-mechanistic phenological models of spring phases mostly does not accurately reflect the control of these physiological stages. For this reason, over 6 years we studied weekly changes of Fresh Weight (FW), Dry Weight (DW), Water (WC), Nitrogen (NC) and Carbon Content (CC) in sweet cherry buds (Prunus avium L., cultivar ‘Summit’), from October to mid of April (stage ‘open cluster’, BBCH 56). Together with an experimental study to determine the date of endodormancy release, we were able to define the annual variability and average duration in the timing of para- endo-, and ecodormancy phase for sweet cherries, cultivar ‘Summit’. The secession of growth in autumn starts when all leafs has fallen down (BBCH 97) and marks the transition from para-to endodormancy. During endodormancy all investigated parameters reached a constant level which also did not change during ecodormancy. Our results showed that ecodormancy can be a relatively long phase in temperate climates, which must be adequately handled in phenological models. Beginning of ontogenetic development was clearly related to steadily rising water contents in cherry buds, which stayed stable during endo- and ecodormancy. Thus, this study highlights the importance of bud’s water content to define dormancy phases as well as beginning of ontogenetic development. The latter one was induced by continuously rising air temperatures above the freezing point. Physiologically, beginning of ontogenetic development is a flexible date which occurred on average 26 days before bud swelling was observed.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80492763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：