Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000239
F. E. Açikgöz, S. Adiloğlu
Malabar spinach is a vegetable that can be identified as an unknown or exotic vegetable in Turkey, and it can be consumed like the true spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.). In the world, the economic value is particularly high in tropical Asia and tropical Africa countries where the leaves, shoots, flowers and even seeds are consumed. Many studies have proven that Basella alba L. or Basella rubra L. has antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer and antioxidant properties, while vitamin and mineral content is quite high.
{"title":"A Review on a New Exotic Vegetable for Turkey: Malabar Spinach (Basella alba L. or Basella rubra L.)","authors":"F. E. Açikgöz, S. Adiloğlu","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000239","url":null,"abstract":"Malabar spinach is a vegetable that can be identified as an unknown or exotic vegetable in Turkey, and it can be consumed like the true spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.). In the world, the economic value is particularly high in tropical Asia and tropical Africa countries where the leaves, shoots, flowers and even seeds are consumed. Many studies have proven that Basella alba L. or Basella rubra L. has antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer and antioxidant properties, while vitamin and mineral content is quite high.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77682117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000235
Aitkenhead-Peterson Ja, F. Ch, Thomason Jc, Wherley Bg, K. McInnes, White Rh
Population growth in towns and cities requires new construction of homes and conversion of native land use to urban and suburban landscapes. Municipal tap water is generally used for irrigating these urban and suburban landscapes and its water quality can differ globally dependent on whether it is sourced from ground or surface waters. We examined runoff dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations, fluxes and exports from newly installed, fertilized and unfertilized St. Augustine (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze ‘Raleigh’) sod irrigated with a sodic municipal tap water during two 5-week establishment periods (August and September). In unfertilized plots, concentrations of DOC in runoff significantly increased from 20.5 to 73.7 mg L-1 and from 29.6 to 113.3 mg L-1 Runoff concentrations of DOC in fertilized plots significantly increased from 27.3 to 72.0 mg L-1 and from 30.0 to 120.3 mg L-1. Concentrations of DON in runoff did not increase in either unfertilized or fertilized plots. Total DOC exports were 2036 ± 803 kg km-2 and 3341 ± 227 kg km-2 and DON exports were 99 ± 43 kg km-2 and 134 ± 15 kg km-2 respectively for the two turfgrass installation dates for the unfertilized plots. Fertilization had no significant effect on DOC and DON exports (p = 0.29 and 0.18). Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were implicated in both DOC and DON fluxes suggesting that as resources for irrigation water for urban landscapes decline and alternative irrigation water supplies such as grey and black water are utilized we would expect, due to their higher Na+ content that DOC and DON fluxes to urban watersheds will increase.
城镇和城市的人口增长需要新建房屋，并将原有土地用于城市和郊区景观。市政自来水通常用于灌溉这些城市和郊区景观，其水质可能因其来自地表水或地表水而在全球范围内有所不同。研究了新建、施肥和未施肥的圣奥古斯丁(St. Augustine)的径流溶解有机碳(DOC)和有机氮(DON)浓度、通量和出口量。Kuntze ' Raleigh ')草皮在两个5周的建立期间(8月和9月)用含钠的市政自来水灌溉。未施肥地块径流中DOC浓度从20.5 mg L-1显著增加到73.7 mg L-1，从29.6 mg L-1显著增加到113.3 mg L-1，施肥地块径流DOC浓度从27.3 mg L-1显著增加到72.0 mg L-1，从30.0 mg L-1显著增加到120.3 mg L-1。未施肥或施肥地块径流中DON浓度均未增加。在未施肥地块上植草皮的两个日期，总DOC出口量分别为2036±803 kg km-2和3341±227 kg km-2, DON出口量分别为99±43 kg km-2和134±15 kg km-2。施肥对土壤DOC和DON输出量无显著影响(p = 0.29和0.18)。Na+， K+， Mg2+和Ca2+都与DOC和DON通量有关，这表明随着城市景观灌溉用水资源的减少和替代灌溉用水(如灰水和黑水)的利用，我们预计，由于它们的Na+含量较高，DOC和DON通量将增加。
{"title":"Effect of Sodic Irrigation Water on Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Concentrations, Fluxes and Exports from Newly Installed St. Augustine Grass Sod in South-Central Texas","authors":"Aitkenhead-Peterson Ja, F. Ch, Thomason Jc, Wherley Bg, K. McInnes, White Rh","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000235","url":null,"abstract":"Population growth in towns and cities requires new construction of homes and conversion of native land use to urban and suburban landscapes. Municipal tap water is generally used for irrigating these urban and suburban landscapes and its water quality can differ globally dependent on whether it is sourced from ground or surface waters. We examined runoff dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations, fluxes and exports from newly installed, fertilized and unfertilized St. Augustine (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze ‘Raleigh’) sod irrigated with a sodic municipal tap water during two 5-week establishment periods (August and September). In unfertilized plots, concentrations of DOC in runoff significantly increased from 20.5 to 73.7 mg L-1 and from 29.6 to 113.3 mg L-1 Runoff concentrations of DOC in fertilized plots significantly increased from 27.3 to 72.0 mg L-1 and from 30.0 to 120.3 mg L-1. Concentrations of DON in runoff did not increase in either unfertilized or fertilized plots. Total DOC exports were 2036 ± 803 kg km-2 and 3341 ± 227 kg km-2 and DON exports were 99 ± 43 kg km-2 and 134 ± 15 kg km-2 respectively for the two turfgrass installation dates for the unfertilized plots. Fertilization had no significant effect on DOC and DON exports (p = 0.29 and 0.18). Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were implicated in both DOC and DON fluxes suggesting that as resources for irrigation water for urban landscapes decline and alternative irrigation water supplies such as grey and black water are utilized we would expect, due to their higher Na+ content that DOC and DON fluxes to urban watersheds will increase.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90566801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000240
Behailu Mekonnen, Shiferaw Temeteme, E. Getachew, Habtewold Kifelew, T. Shimber
An experiment was conducted at Tepi National Spices Research Center for five years, to determine the optimum planting space and vertical numbers that promote growth and yield of hybrid Arabica coffee variety. The treatments consisted of three levels of planting space (2.5 m x 2.5 m, 2.5 m x 2.0 m, 2.0 m x 2.0 m) and three vertical numbers (single stem, two stem, free growth). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The recorded data on yield and yield attributes like internode length of primary branches, number of bearing and non-bearing primary branches, number of nodes of primary branch and the main stem were significantly influenced by the interaction effects of planting space and vertical numbers. Similarly, the coffee yield was also significantly influenced by the interaction of planting space and vertical numbers. The highest plant height and internode length of primary branches were recorded at the same planting space of 2.0 m x 2.0 m with two stem and free growth habit, respectively. Whereas, the maximum node number on primary branches and main stem were recorded from treatments which had the same planting space (2.5 m x 2.0 m) with single stem and two stem, respectively. The maximum number of bearing primary branches were recorded from trees which treated with 2.0 m x 2.0 m with free growth habit. Likewise, the highest coffee yield was found in a planting space of 2.0 m x 2.0 m with free growth habit. Therefore, it could be concluded that using of an optimum planting space of 2 m x 2 m with free growth habit enhanced the growth, yield and yield components of hybrid coffee. However, it is important to repeat the study in different locations for further investigation on yield and quality attributes.
在Tepi国家香料研究中心进行了为期五年的试验，以确定促进杂交阿拉比卡咖啡品种生长和产量的最佳种植空间和垂直数量。这些处理包括3个种植空间水平(2.5 m × 2.5 m、2.5 m × 2.0 m、2.0 m × 2.0 m)和3个垂直数量(单根、双根、自由生长)。试验采用随机完全区组设计，设3个重复。一次枝节间长、有实与无实一次枝数、一次枝节数与主茎节数等产量及产量属性均受种植间距和垂直数的互作效应显著影响。同样，种植空间和垂直数的交互作用也显著影响咖啡产量。在同一种植空间2.0 m × 2.0 m，双茎和自由生长条件下，一次枝的株高和节间长最高。而同一种植空间(2.5 m × 2.0 m)单茎和双茎处理的一次枝和主茎节数最大。在2.0 m × 2.0 m的自由生长条件下，记录了最大的一次结枝数。同样，咖啡产量最高的种植空间为2.0 m x 2.0 m，生长习惯自由。因此，采用2 m × 2 m的最佳种植空间和自由生长习惯对杂交咖啡的生长、产量和产量构成均有促进作用。但是，为了进一步研究产量和品质属性，在不同地点重复研究是重要的。
{"title":"Determination of Appropriate Planting Space and Vertical Number s for Hybrid Arabica Coffee at Yeki District, Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Behailu Mekonnen, Shiferaw Temeteme, E. Getachew, Habtewold Kifelew, T. Shimber","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000240","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at Tepi National Spices Research Center for five years, to determine the optimum planting space and vertical numbers that promote growth and yield of hybrid Arabica coffee variety. The treatments consisted of three levels of planting space (2.5 m x 2.5 m, 2.5 m x 2.0 m, 2.0 m x 2.0 m) and three vertical numbers (single stem, two stem, free growth). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The recorded data on yield and yield attributes like internode length of primary branches, number of bearing and non-bearing primary branches, number of nodes of primary branch and the main stem were significantly influenced by the interaction effects of planting space and vertical numbers. Similarly, the coffee yield was also significantly influenced by the interaction of planting space and vertical numbers. The highest plant height and internode length of primary branches were recorded at the same planting space of 2.0 m x 2.0 m with two stem and free growth habit, respectively. Whereas, the maximum node number on primary branches and main stem were recorded from treatments which had the same planting space (2.5 m x 2.0 m) with single stem and two stem, respectively. The maximum number of bearing primary branches were recorded from trees which treated with 2.0 m x 2.0 m with free growth habit. Likewise, the highest coffee yield was found in a planting space of 2.0 m x 2.0 m with free growth habit. Therefore, it could be concluded that using of an optimum planting space of 2 m x 2 m with free growth habit enhanced the growth, yield and yield components of hybrid coffee. However, it is important to repeat the study in different locations for further investigation on yield and quality attributes.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"127 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86765872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000243
R. Panta, A. Khanal
Cilantro is a leafy vegetable commonly used for seasoning purpose that is highly perishable and has high postharvest loss losing 1.03 ml water per gram per day. It is therefore an alternative method of storage is needed to extend storage life of Cilantro. So, the research was carried out to study the effect of Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) on postharvest storage life of Cilantro at different storage conditions. The experiment was laid under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten treatments viz. open in tray along with 0, 5, 10 and 15 perforations (having pore size 5 mm) which are stored both in lab and Zero Energy Cool Chamber (ZECC) with three replications of each treatment during March/April (2018) at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) Lamjung Campus. Cilantro bought from market was packed in 250 gauge polyethylene bags, each bag was filled with 200 g Cilantro. Physiological loss in weight (PLW), Chlorophyll content, Colour change and Decay are the parameters that were evaluated. Results revealed that with the increase in number of perforation PLW was increased. Cilantro packed in MAP without perforation and stored in ZECC had minimum PLW (0.75%), no decay development as well as minimum loss of chlorophyll (11.18%) in comparison with Cilantro stored in lab at two days after storage. Decay percentage was however higher, greater than 50% at 6 days after storage in ZECC. Polyethylene bags without perforation were observed to be best packaging materials for extending storage life of Cilantro up to 4 days in ZECC followed by 2 days in lab.
{"title":"Effect of Modified Atmospheric Packaging on Postharvest Storage Life of Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) Stored Under Different Conditions","authors":"R. Panta, A. Khanal","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000243","url":null,"abstract":"Cilantro is a leafy vegetable commonly used for seasoning purpose that is highly perishable and has high postharvest loss losing 1.03 ml water per gram per day. It is therefore an alternative method of storage is needed to extend storage life of Cilantro. So, the research was carried out to study the effect of Modified Atmospheric Packaging (MAP) on postharvest storage life of Cilantro at different storage conditions. The experiment was laid under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten treatments viz. open in tray along with 0, 5, 10 and 15 perforations (having pore size 5 mm) which are stored both in lab and Zero Energy Cool Chamber (ZECC) with three replications of each treatment during March/April (2018) at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) Lamjung Campus. Cilantro bought from market was packed in 250 gauge polyethylene bags, each bag was filled with 200 g Cilantro. Physiological loss in weight (PLW), Chlorophyll content, Colour change and Decay are the parameters that were evaluated. Results revealed that with the increase in number of perforation PLW was increased. Cilantro packed in MAP without perforation and stored in ZECC had minimum PLW (0.75%), no decay development as well as minimum loss of chlorophyll (11.18%) in comparison with Cilantro stored in lab at two days after storage. Decay percentage was however higher, greater than 50% at 6 days after storage in ZECC. Polyethylene bags without perforation were observed to be best packaging materials for extending storage life of Cilantro up to 4 days in ZECC followed by 2 days in lab.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80255959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000238
Du Shenia, Bai Gangshuana
Field experiments were conducted at an experimental station of Northwest A&F University, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation in China during 2016. The experiment comprised planting eggplant in three irrigation methods, namely, conventional irrigation, fixed irrigation and alternate irrigation. The study indicated that the effect of different irrigation method on growth of eggplant was different in different growth stages. Roots activity of eggplant in the flourishing fruit stage was the greatest, followed by the seedling stage. In three growth stage, roots activity for alternate irrigation was the greatest in all treatments. The early, middle and late yield of alternate irrigation were greater than that of conventional irrigation and fixed irrigation, the early and middle yield of eggplant with fixed irrigation was greater than that of conventional irrigation, the late yield was smaller than that of conventional irrigation, the total yield of alternate irrigation in eggplant was the highest in all treatments, for 66.59 kg, which were higher than that of conventional irrigation and fixed irrigation, for 14.11% and 27.16%. The water use efficiency and water productivity of eggplant for alternate irrigation were 37.16 kg hm-2 mm-1 and 29.81 kg hm-2 mm-1, which was higher than that of fixed irrigation and conventional irrigation, 22.11%a27.50% and 117.31%, 128.78%, respectively
2016年在西北农林科技大学中国水土保持研究所试验站进行了田间试验。试验采用常规灌溉、固定灌溉和交替灌溉三种灌溉方式种植茄子。研究表明，不同灌溉方式对茄子生长发育的影响在不同生育期存在差异。茄子在盛果期根系活力最大，苗期次之。在3个生育期，交替灌水处理的根系活力最高。交替灌溉的早、中、晚产量均大于常规灌溉和固定灌溉，固定灌溉茄子早、中期产量大于常规灌溉，后期产量小于常规灌溉，交替灌溉茄子的总产量在所有处理中最高，为66.59 kg，高于常规灌溉和固定灌溉。分别为14.11%和27.16%。交替灌溉茄子水分利用效率和水分生产力分别为37.16 kg hm-2 mm-1和29.81 kg hm-2 mm-1，分别高于固定灌溉和常规灌溉的22.11%、27.50%和117.31%、128.78%
{"title":"Effects of Irrigation Method on the Growth and Yield of Eggplant","authors":"Du Shenia, Bai Gangshuana","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000238","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted at an experimental station of Northwest A&F University, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation in China during 2016. The experiment comprised planting eggplant in three irrigation methods, namely, conventional irrigation, fixed irrigation and alternate irrigation. The study indicated that the effect of different irrigation method on growth of eggplant was different in different growth stages. Roots activity of eggplant in the flourishing fruit stage was the greatest, followed by the seedling stage. In three growth stage, roots activity for alternate irrigation was the greatest in all treatments. The early, middle and late yield of alternate irrigation were greater than that of conventional irrigation and fixed irrigation, the early and middle yield of eggplant with fixed irrigation was greater than that of conventional irrigation, the late yield was smaller than that of conventional irrigation, the total yield of alternate irrigation in eggplant was the highest in all treatments, for 66.59 kg, which were higher than that of conventional irrigation and fixed irrigation, for 14.11% and 27.16%. The water use efficiency and water productivity of eggplant for alternate irrigation were 37.16 kg hm-2 mm-1 and 29.81 kg hm-2 mm-1, which was higher than that of fixed irrigation and conventional irrigation, 22.11%a27.50% and 117.31%, 128.78%, respectively","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87292927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000242
Hazel K. Smith, Graham J. J. Clarkson, G. Taylor, Kozulina Irina
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is grown extensively across the globe but requires irrigation to maintain both yield and leaf quality. Water resources are being put under increasing pressure as we endeavour to produce enough food, fuel and fibre for a growing human population. Thus, improving our water use efficiency is becoming ever more important. Here, we report the impacts of excess and deficit irrigation on spinach yield and quality. Mild deficit irrigation (-18% of commercial water application) had no significant impact on crop quality indicators or yield, with a trend for improved shelf life, when compared to the commercially irrigated crop. Alongside this, yield was only improved when water was applied in 40% above commercial levels. The yield and quality maintenance observed under mild water deficit was associated with a reduced stomatal index suggesting a useful trait for future breeding for drought tolerance. If this relationship is robust across environments and crop varieties, major water savings will be possible across the leafy salad agricultural sector, reducing the water footprint and improving the sustainability of crop production. Furthermore, this research has elucidated links between plant responses to irrigation modifications and the thermal spectra of the canopy, with the canopy range of temperature being the most sensitive indicator of soil moisture. There is potential for these relationships to be further developed across seasons and crops for use in future irrigation decision-making.
{"title":"Significant Water Savings Can Be Made In Commercial Spinach Cropping Without Adverse Impacts on Crop Yield or Shelf Life","authors":"Hazel K. Smith, Graham J. J. Clarkson, G. Taylor, Kozulina Irina","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000242","url":null,"abstract":"Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is grown extensively across the globe but requires irrigation to maintain both yield and leaf quality. Water resources are being put under increasing pressure as we endeavour to produce enough food, fuel and fibre for a growing human population. Thus, improving our water use efficiency is becoming ever more important. Here, we report the impacts of excess and deficit irrigation on spinach yield and quality. Mild deficit irrigation (-18% of commercial water application) had no significant impact on crop quality indicators or yield, with a trend for improved shelf life, when compared to the commercially irrigated crop. Alongside this, yield was only improved when water was applied in 40% above commercial levels. The yield and quality maintenance observed under mild water deficit was associated with a reduced stomatal index suggesting a useful trait for future breeding for drought tolerance. If this relationship is robust across environments and crop varieties, major water savings will be possible across the leafy salad agricultural sector, reducing the water footprint and improving the sustainability of crop production. Furthermore, this research has elucidated links between plant responses to irrigation modifications and the thermal spectra of the canopy, with the canopy range of temperature being the most sensitive indicator of soil moisture. There is potential for these relationships to be further developed across seasons and crops for use in future irrigation decision-making.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"85 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85069760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000222
E. Petrussa, F. Boscutti, M. Tedesco, M. Fabro
In order to improve germplasm preservation of local cultivar “Friulano”, belonging to Apium graveolens var. rapaceum (Miller) Gaudin) seed germination of a seed lot, stored for prolonged time at -20°C, was assessed in comparison to that of a commercial cultivar. In order to increase the seed performance during germination, three different priming pre-treatments (hydropriming for 24 h, osmopriming for 24 h, and osmopriming for 7 days) were performed. Additionally, seed sowing was undertaken on both potting soil and Petri dish plate condition. Analysis of seed quality was estimated by measurement of germination percentage, germination energy and the time to reach the 50% of full germination (T50). The results evidenced that conservation of celeriac dried seeds of “Friulano” cultivar at -20°C for one year maintained a good level of seed germination (ranging from 38% to 53%), not statistically diverse from the that of commercial cultivar, for both short hydro- and osmopriming treatments. The germination percentage increased when primed seeds have been treated in Petri dishes (up to 70%-80%). Furthermore, osmopriming for 24 h positively affected the germination energy, similarly to that observed in commercial cultivar, being statistically higher compared to hydropriming- and prolonged osmopriming-treated samples. Accordingly, T50 in short osmopriming treated seeds was low, indicating that this treatment induced a rapid and uniform germination, being most of the seeds germinated within one week. In conclusion, these findings represent an important informative step in amelioration of ex situ conservation of a rare autochthonous horticultural cultivar in North-eastern of Italy.
{"title":"Effect of Different Priming Treatments on Quality of Long-Term Stored Seeds of Apium graveolens var. rapaceum DC","authors":"E. Petrussa, F. Boscutti, M. Tedesco, M. Fabro","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000222","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve germplasm preservation of local cultivar “Friulano”, belonging to Apium graveolens var. rapaceum (Miller) Gaudin) seed germination of a seed lot, stored for prolonged time at -20°C, was assessed in comparison to that of a commercial cultivar. In order to increase the seed performance during germination, three different priming pre-treatments (hydropriming for 24 h, osmopriming for 24 h, and osmopriming for 7 days) were performed. Additionally, seed sowing was undertaken on both potting soil and Petri dish plate condition. Analysis of seed quality was estimated by measurement of germination percentage, germination energy and the time to reach the 50% of full germination (T50). The results evidenced that conservation of celeriac dried seeds of “Friulano” cultivar at -20°C for one year maintained a good level of seed germination (ranging from 38% to 53%), not statistically diverse from the that of commercial cultivar, for both short hydro- and osmopriming treatments. The germination percentage increased when primed seeds have been treated in Petri dishes (up to 70%-80%). Furthermore, osmopriming for 24 h positively affected the germination energy, similarly to that observed in commercial cultivar, being statistically higher compared to hydropriming- and prolonged osmopriming-treated samples. Accordingly, T50 in short osmopriming treated seeds was low, indicating that this treatment induced a rapid and uniform germination, being most of the seeds germinated within one week. In conclusion, these findings represent an important informative step in amelioration of ex situ conservation of a rare autochthonous horticultural cultivar in North-eastern of Italy.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72617353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000225
C. Coker, Mike Ely, P. Coggins
Grape tomatoes have become popular additions to the produce offerings at supermarkets across the country. These tomatoes are smaller in size than cherry tomatoes making them desirable for salads and snacking. Several varieties are now available from many seed sources. Sixteen varieties were evaluated at the Beaumont Horticultural Unit in Beaumont, MS in the summers of 2002 and 2003. Samples of 11 varieties were sent to the Garrison Sensory Evaluation Laboratory evaluation for by panelists in 2003. An expert panel was conducted evaluating the reactions of respondents. All panelists were instructed to taste and evaluate the attributes of appearance, shape, size, color, gloss-shininess, translucency, stem, stem appearance, aroma, descriptor terms of aroma, general tomato aroma, hand/texture/firmness, mouth/bite/skin penetration, skin chewability, firmness of flesh, mealiness, juiciness, mushiness, internal pressure in mouth, seed/seed size, flavor, sweetness, sourness, saltiness, umami, overripe flavor, and general tomato flavor. Based on the information gathered through the sensory evaluation panel, >Mini Charm= was the most preferred grape tomato variety in this study. >Mini Charm= ranked first in 11 of the 20 attributes evaluated. The least preferred variety was >St. Nick=.
{"title":"Grape Tomatoes as a Potential Crop for Growers and Consumers in the Southeastern United States","authors":"C. Coker, Mike Ely, P. Coggins","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000225","url":null,"abstract":"Grape tomatoes have become popular additions to the produce offerings at supermarkets across the country. These tomatoes are smaller in size than cherry tomatoes making them desirable for salads and snacking. Several varieties are now available from many seed sources. Sixteen varieties were evaluated at the Beaumont Horticultural Unit in Beaumont, MS in the summers of 2002 and 2003. Samples of 11 varieties were sent to the Garrison Sensory Evaluation Laboratory evaluation for by panelists in 2003. An expert panel was conducted evaluating the reactions of respondents. All panelists were instructed to taste and evaluate the attributes of appearance, shape, size, color, gloss-shininess, translucency, stem, stem appearance, aroma, descriptor terms of aroma, general tomato aroma, hand/texture/firmness, mouth/bite/skin penetration, skin chewability, firmness of flesh, mealiness, juiciness, mushiness, internal pressure in mouth, seed/seed size, flavor, sweetness, sourness, saltiness, umami, overripe flavor, and general tomato flavor. Based on the information gathered through the sensory evaluation panel, >Mini Charm= was the most preferred grape tomato variety in this study. >Mini Charm= ranked first in 11 of the 20 attributes evaluated. The least preferred variety was >St. Nick=.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"342 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90305289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000245
H. Jabnoun-Khiareddine, N. Ibrahim, R. A. Abdallah, M. Mars, M. Daami‐Remadi
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) disease incited by Coniella granati (Saccardo) has been recently reported in Tunisia causing branch dieback, shoot blight and fruit rot. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the response of nine known and widely grown pomegranate cultivars throughout Tunisia toward this emergent pathogen, to study the host range of C. granati and to identify its extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes. Plant response was determined based on fruit lesion diameter and length of external, internal and pycnidia-bearing lesions recorded on wounded and detached branches. All cultivars tested were susceptible to C. granati fruit rot where the lowest lesion diameters (87-88 mm), recorded 9 days post-inoculation (DPI), were noted on cultivars Gabsi and Zaghouani. At 30 DPI, intact detached branches were shown to be moderately susceptible to C. granati infection with only cv. Chetwi being moderately tolerant. On altered detached branches (branches devoid of bark layers) Jbali, Zehri and Zaghouani were the most susceptible to C. granati giving rise at 12 DPI to longer lesions bearing pycnidia than the other cultivars. C. granati isolates tested were able to cause dry rot on nine out of ten different fruits, with apple, tomato and fakous (Cucurbita melo var. flexuosus) fruits being the most susceptible ones while they were nonpathogenic on zucchini. On detached and intact branches, C. granati was weakly pathogenic on orange and pear compared to apple and loquat and was non pathogenic to olive, fig, peach, prune, and apricot branches. Using specific media, C. granati isolates were shown able to produce laccase, protease, pectinase, pectate transeliminase, and cellulase but no amylolytic and lipolytic activities were detected. Thus, as C. granati represents a threat to all Tunisian pomegranate cultivars as well as for other tree fruit species, the search for effective management methods towards this disease is of urgent need.
{"title":"Response of Tunisian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars and Several Plant Hosts to Coniella granati (Saccardo)","authors":"H. Jabnoun-Khiareddine, N. Ibrahim, R. A. Abdallah, M. Mars, M. Daami‐Remadi","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000245","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) disease incited by Coniella granati (Saccardo) has been recently reported in Tunisia causing branch dieback, shoot blight and fruit rot. The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the response of nine known and widely grown pomegranate cultivars throughout Tunisia toward this emergent pathogen, to study the host range of C. granati and to identify its extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes. Plant response was determined based on fruit lesion diameter and length of external, internal and pycnidia-bearing lesions recorded on wounded and detached branches. All cultivars tested were susceptible to C. granati fruit rot where the lowest lesion diameters (87-88 mm), recorded 9 days post-inoculation (DPI), were noted on cultivars Gabsi and Zaghouani. At 30 DPI, intact detached branches were shown to be moderately susceptible to C. granati infection with only cv. Chetwi being moderately tolerant. On altered detached branches (branches devoid of bark layers) Jbali, Zehri and Zaghouani were the most susceptible to C. granati giving rise at 12 DPI to longer lesions bearing pycnidia than the other cultivars. C. granati isolates tested were able to cause dry rot on nine out of ten different fruits, with apple, tomato and fakous (Cucurbita melo var. flexuosus) fruits being the most susceptible ones while they were nonpathogenic on zucchini. On detached and intact branches, C. granati was weakly pathogenic on orange and pear compared to apple and loquat and was non pathogenic to olive, fig, peach, prune, and apricot branches. Using specific media, C. granati isolates were shown able to produce laccase, protease, pectinase, pectate transeliminase, and cellulase but no amylolytic and lipolytic activities were detected. Thus, as C. granati represents a threat to all Tunisian pomegranate cultivars as well as for other tree fruit species, the search for effective management methods towards this disease is of urgent need.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89544331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000236
Ramli
Turmeric white is one of the potential medicinal plants for cultivated. Turmeric White has an important role in human life, such as useful for traditional medicine which can cure various kinds of diseases. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of media composition and frequency of liquid organic fertilizer provision to the early growth of white turmeric plants. This research conducted in Mamboro sub-district, Palu Utara District, Central Sulawesi Province from July to September 2015, at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level. The research used Randomized Block Design (RAK) factorial pattern with two treatment factors repeated 3 (three) times. The first factor is a different media composition (M) consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely: M1: Soil M2: Soil + Sand, M3: Soil + Sand + Manure. Secondary frequency Frequency of liquid organic fertilizer (F) consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely: F1: 1 time, F2: 2 times, F3: 3 times, F4: 4 times, with concentration 10 cc / l Water. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 36 experimental units. The research results showed that the treatments of media composition, significantly effect on stem diameter, leaf width, and number of shoots aged of 12 WAP. The Frequency of liquid organic fertilizer gave a real effect on the plant’s height aged of 12 WAP. The interaction between the composition of the media and the frequency of organic liquid fertilizer gave a significant effect on plant height of 8 WAP and number of leaves aged of 12 WAP. The combination of soil + sand + cow manure and the provision of 4 times frequency of liquid organic fertilizer give better growth compared to other treatment combinations.
姜黄白是一种很有潜力的药用植物。姜黄白在人类的生活中有着重要的作用，例如在传统医学中有用，可以治疗各种疾病。本研究的目的是确定液体有机肥的培养基组成和施用频率对白姜黄植株早期生长的影响。本研究于2015年7月至9月在苏拉威西省中部帕卢乌塔拉区Mamboro街道进行，海拔±25米。研究采用随机区组设计(RAK)因子模式，两个处理因素重复3次。第一个因素是不同的介质组成(M)，由3个处理水平组成，即:M1:土壤M2:土壤+砂，M3:土壤+砂+粪肥。二次频率液体有机肥频率(F)由4个处理级别组成，即:F1: 1次、F2: 2次、F3: 3次、F4: 4次，浓度为10 cc / l Water。每个处理重复3次，共36个实验单位。研究结果表明，培养基组成处理对12株青苗的茎粗、叶宽和幼枝数有显著影响。施用有机肥的频率对12 WAP株高有显著影响。培养基组成与有机液肥施用量的交互作用对8 WAP株高和12 WAP叶龄数有显著影响。土+砂+牛粪组合和4倍频率的液体有机肥施用比其他处理组合生长更好。
{"title":"The Effect of Media Composition and Frequency of Liquid Organic Fertilization Provision on the Early Growth of White Turmeric (Curcuma alba L.)","authors":"Ramli","doi":"10.4172/2376-0354.1000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000236","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric white is one of the potential medicinal plants for cultivated. Turmeric White has an important role in human life, such as useful for traditional medicine which can cure various kinds of diseases. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of media composition and frequency of liquid organic fertilizer provision to the early growth of white turmeric plants. This research conducted in Mamboro sub-district, Palu Utara District, Central Sulawesi Province from July to September 2015, at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level. The research used Randomized Block Design (RAK) factorial pattern with two treatment factors repeated 3 (three) times. The first factor is a different media composition (M) consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely: M1: Soil M2: Soil + Sand, M3: Soil + Sand + Manure. Secondary frequency Frequency of liquid organic fertilizer (F) consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely: F1: 1 time, F2: 2 times, F3: 3 times, F4: 4 times, with concentration 10 cc / l Water. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 36 experimental units. The research results showed that the treatments of media composition, significantly effect on stem diameter, leaf width, and number of shoots aged of 12 WAP. The Frequency of liquid organic fertilizer gave a real effect on the plant’s height aged of 12 WAP. The interaction between the composition of the media and the frequency of organic liquid fertilizer gave a significant effect on plant height of 8 WAP and number of leaves aged of 12 WAP. The combination of soil + sand + cow manure and the provision of 4 times frequency of liquid organic fertilizer give better growth compared to other treatment combinations.","PeriodicalId":15920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticulture","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88351781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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