Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.60
فائزه جعفری, نسرین حسن زاده
Background & objectives: LAS is a major component of household and industrial detergents, which has caused many problems in the biological and non-biological sectors during the last decade due to the discharge of raw urban sewage into aquatic ecosystems. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study examines the concentration, distribution and evaluation of the ecological risk of this pollutant in the Anzali International Wetland. Methods: 50 stations from Anzali wetland water were selected for sampling. After measuring some water qualitative factors such as temperature, acidity, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen at the sampling site, samples were transferred to the laboratory and analysis and extraction of samples was performed using Methylene Blue method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-22 software, pollution concentration zoning map using the conventional kriging method in ArcGIS 10.3 software and LAS risk estimation calculations using RQ formula in Excel software. Results: Based on research findings, LAS concentration was in the range of 0.01-3.93 mg/L. The highest concentration of LAS was observed in stations of central and eastern part of the wetland and the lowest concentrations in western and Siyah Kashim stations. The results of calculating the risk assessment (RQ) and the zoning of this pollutant showed a higher risk in many areas of the wetlands. Conclusion: Considering the high concentrations of LAS in most areas of Anzali Wetland, it is necessary to pay more attention to management of urban wastewaters discharge and treatment of municipal wastewater of Anzali port and its adjacent areas and to control the entry of raw wastes into the wetland.
{"title":"Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates (LASs) in Anzali International Wetland","authors":"فائزه جعفری, نسرین حسن زاده","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: LAS is a major component of household and industrial detergents, which has caused many problems in the biological and non-biological sectors during the last decade due to the discharge of raw urban sewage into aquatic ecosystems. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study examines the concentration, distribution and evaluation of the ecological risk of this pollutant in the Anzali International Wetland. Methods: 50 stations from Anzali wetland water were selected for sampling. After measuring some water qualitative factors such as temperature, acidity, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen at the sampling site, samples were transferred to the laboratory and analysis and extraction of samples was performed using Methylene Blue method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-22 software, pollution concentration zoning map using the conventional kriging method in ArcGIS 10.3 software and LAS risk estimation calculations using RQ formula in Excel software. Results: Based on research findings, LAS concentration was in the range of 0.01-3.93 mg/L. The highest concentration of LAS was observed in stations of central and eastern part of the wetland and the lowest concentrations in western and Siyah Kashim stations. The results of calculating the risk assessment (RQ) and the zoning of this pollutant showed a higher risk in many areas of the wetlands. Conclusion: Considering the high concentrations of LAS in most areas of Anzali Wetland, it is necessary to pay more attention to management of urban wastewaters discharge and treatment of municipal wastewater of Anzali port and its adjacent areas and to control the entry of raw wastes into the wetland.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73450683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.105
M. Babashahi, Shayan Shokri
Background & objectives: Fiscal policies can play an important role in the behavior and health of consumers. This study aimed to analyze the trend of bread consumption in Iran and changes in the amount of subsidy paid to it. Methods: In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the amount of bread consumed in Iranian households was extracted from the balance sheet of food products of the Islamic Republic of Iran during 2002-2011 and the amount of subsidy paid to it was obtained from the documents and statistics available at the ministry of economic affairs and finance and consumer and producer protection organization. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS, version 16, using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and linear regression with 95% confidence interval. Results: Linear regression results showed statistically significant difference between subsidies for bread, bread consumption ( p =0.019 and r=0.720) and energy level produced in the body ( p =0.003 and r=0.824). For each one miliard Rials increase in subsidies paid for bread, 63.712 tons of bread consumption and 0.014 kilo-calories of daily energy consumption were decreased. Conclusion : In order to hold bread price constant, huge money is spent as subsidies for this product every year. Not paying attention to flour quality and low quality of bread produced in bakeries has caused a part of subsidies to be spent for bread waste and per capita consumption of bread has decreased as a result.
{"title":"Association of Subsidies for Wheat and Flour with per Capita Consumption of Bread among Iranian Households","authors":"M. Babashahi, Shayan Shokri","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Fiscal policies can play an important role in the behavior and health of consumers. This study aimed to analyze the trend of bread consumption in Iran and changes in the amount of subsidy paid to it. Methods: In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the amount of bread consumed in Iranian households was extracted from the balance sheet of food products of the Islamic Republic of Iran during 2002-2011 and the amount of subsidy paid to it was obtained from the documents and statistics available at the ministry of economic affairs and finance and consumer and producer protection organization. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS, version 16, using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and linear regression with 95% confidence interval. Results: Linear regression results showed statistically significant difference between subsidies for bread, bread consumption ( p =0.019 and r=0.720) and energy level produced in the body ( p =0.003 and r=0.824). For each one miliard Rials increase in subsidies paid for bread, 63.712 tons of bread consumption and 0.014 kilo-calories of daily energy consumption were decreased. Conclusion : In order to hold bread price constant, huge money is spent as subsidies for this product every year. Not paying attention to flour quality and low quality of bread produced in bakeries has caused a part of subsidies to be spent for bread waste and per capita consumption of bread has decreased as a result.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77746531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.84
M. Soori, M. Kolivand, N. Salari, N. Bakhshi
Background & objectives: Menopause is associated with many annoying symptoms of estrogen deficiency. These symptoms affect women's health and quality of life during this period. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between regular exercise and menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women in Tuyserkan in 2018. Methods: The present study is a descriptive study recruiting 90 postmenopausal women with health records in two health centers in Tuyserkan. The reserarch instruments used were Greene Climacteric Symptoms Scale, and a 19-item demographic information questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Analysis of variance. Results: The overall score of severity of menopausal symptoms was 28.02±11.43 which showed a significant difference in term of exercise ( p <0.001). In other words, women with regular and irregular exercise had fewer symptoms than those without exercise. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that exercise is effective in improving menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women and it is recommended to use it along with other methods in the prevent and treatment of such symptoms.
{"title":"Investigating the Relationship between Physical Activity and Menopausal Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women","authors":"M. Soori, M. Kolivand, N. Salari, N. Bakhshi","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.1.84","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Menopause is associated with many annoying symptoms of estrogen deficiency. These symptoms affect women's health and quality of life during this period. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between regular exercise and menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women in Tuyserkan in 2018. Methods: The present study is a descriptive study recruiting 90 postmenopausal women with health records in two health centers in Tuyserkan. The reserarch instruments used were Greene Climacteric Symptoms Scale, and a 19-item demographic information questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Analysis of variance. Results: The overall score of severity of menopausal symptoms was 28.02±11.43 which showed a significant difference in term of exercise ( p <0.001). In other words, women with regular and irregular exercise had fewer symptoms than those without exercise. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that exercise is effective in improving menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women and it is recommended to use it along with other methods in the prevent and treatment of such symptoms.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74912179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.25
مرضیه آوازه, نصیب بابایی, اسلام مرادی اصل, بهاره قلی زاده, احسان الله کلته, سامان فرهودی
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Study of Nurses Working at Meshgin Valiasr Hospital Regarding Hand Hygiene in 2018","authors":"مرضیه آوازه, نصیب بابایی, اسلام مرادی اصل, بهاره قلی زاده, احسان الله کلته, سامان فرهودی","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84135705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.7
E. Abdollahzadeh Sharghi, F. Yadegari, L. Davarpanah
{"title":"Evaluation of the Treatment of Pharmaceutical Industry Wastewater Using Chemical and Biological Methods (Case Study: Treatment of Wastewater Produced by Production of Methadone and Capecitabine)","authors":"E. Abdollahzadeh Sharghi, F. Yadegari, L. Davarpanah","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86895277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.74
M. Abdollahi, M. Saremi, M. Kaydani, B. Saranjam, N. Azimi, A. Rhmati, F. Haji Esmaeil Hajar
Background & objectives: The increase in the metropolitan population and, consequently, the increase in traffic, the urgent need to reduce pollution and traffic, and so on, have led to the expansion of the metro lines. In this regard, it is important to survey the physical and mental health of workers in these fields, because of its impact on their behavior, performance and productivity. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study with the 176 shift workers in a tunneling workshop with a mean age of 28.7±4.8. A general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to assess the general health status of these workers and demographic and occupational information were added to collect the required data. The total cut-off point was 22 and a score of 6 was considered for each scale. As a result, score above 6 on each scale and a total score above 22 on all four scales indicate the presence of disease symptoms in individuals. The results were tested by three statistical tests of independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and correlation test, using SPSS-21 software. Results: The results showed that according to the cut-off point, the prevalence of physical symptoms was 37%, anxiety and insomnia 24%, social dysfunction 57% and severe depression 11% and in total, 51% of workers had mental disorders. The factors of marriage/Single ( p <0.03), Native/non-native ( p <0.02), distance to home ( p <0.001), level of education ( p <0.03), work experience ( p <0.05), Job scheduling ( p <0.001), and job satisfaction ( p <0.001), all had a significant effect on general health. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that improving the working conditions of workers in tunnel construction operations such as providing job security, improving job satisfaction, modifying the work schedule especially eliminating permanent overnight work, continuing education and marriage is necessary.
{"title":"Survey of General Health of Shift Workers of Tehran Tunnel Construction Using GHQ Questionnaire","authors":"M. Abdollahi, M. Saremi, M. Kaydani, B. Saranjam, N. Azimi, A. Rhmati, F. Haji Esmaeil Hajar","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.1.74","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: The increase in the metropolitan population and, consequently, the increase in traffic, the urgent need to reduce pollution and traffic, and so on, have led to the expansion of the metro lines. In this regard, it is important to survey the physical and mental health of workers in these fields, because of its impact on their behavior, performance and productivity. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study with the 176 shift workers in a tunneling workshop with a mean age of 28.7±4.8. A general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to assess the general health status of these workers and demographic and occupational information were added to collect the required data. The total cut-off point was 22 and a score of 6 was considered for each scale. As a result, score above 6 on each scale and a total score above 22 on all four scales indicate the presence of disease symptoms in individuals. The results were tested by three statistical tests of independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and correlation test, using SPSS-21 software. Results: The results showed that according to the cut-off point, the prevalence of physical symptoms was 37%, anxiety and insomnia 24%, social dysfunction 57% and severe depression 11% and in total, 51% of workers had mental disorders. The factors of marriage/Single ( p <0.03), Native/non-native ( p <0.02), distance to home ( p <0.001), level of education ( p <0.03), work experience ( p <0.05), Job scheduling ( p <0.001), and job satisfaction ( p <0.001), all had a significant effect on general health. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that improving the working conditions of workers in tunnel construction operations such as providing job security, improving job satisfaction, modifying the work schedule especially eliminating permanent overnight work, continuing education and marriage is necessary.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81820942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"بررسی سبک زندگی، مهمترین چالش و عوامل مرتبط با آن در زنان حاشیه نشین","authors":"سمیرا خیاط, ماهرخ دولتیان, حامد فنائی, علی نویدیان, زهره محمودی, امیر کسائیان","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"652-663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80907008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-10DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.699
S. Faridi, S. Rahmani, N. Hashemi, S. Ghobadian, M. Zokaei
Background & objectives: Dust storm typically occurs in arid and semi-arid regions. This phenomenon is more visible across the western, southwestern and central regions of Iran in the summertime. Previously conducted studies have reported that this phenomenon affects human health, agriculture, industry, infrastructure and transportation. The aim of this study is to investigate the economic effects of dust storms. Methods: The present study is a descriptive investigation. The available articles and reports in valid Persian databases (Civilica, Magiran and SID) as well as English databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed and Google scholar were reviwed separately. Results: The dust storm phenomenon covers a wide range of geographical area. In fact, it occurs in all parts of the world and is considered as an international issue. During the occurrence of dust storm phenomenon, the concentration of various pollutants increases, which generally affects the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and throposphere. Dust storm have far-reaching environmental, health, and socio-economic effects that are linked in a chain, and ultimately each of these effects will have irreparable economic consequences. Therefore, the phenomenon of dust has wide economic effects such as the impact on the exports, delays in air travel, disruption of road transport, destructive effects on agriculture (agriculture and horticulture), road accidents, road damage, closure of schools, home appliances, electronic equipments, public billboards, irrigation canals, power plants and public health. Conclusion: Dust storm phenomenon should not only be considered as an environmental issue, but due to the great economic consequences for the infrastructure of the affected areas and the country, it should be considered as a national and international concern. It is necessary to accompany many executive departments of the country to reduce its consequences. To reduce the man-made resources of the dust phenomenon, this study proposes integrated assessments and strategies that promote sustainable water and land management in farms, rangelands, deserts and urban areas, despite climate change.
背景与目的:沙尘暴通常发生在干旱和半干旱地区。夏季，这种现象在伊朗西部、西南部和中部地区更为明显。以前进行的研究报告说，这种现象影响人类健康、农业、工业、基础设施和运输。本研究的目的是调查沙尘暴的经济影响。方法:本研究为描述性调查。分别对有效的波斯语数据库(Civilica、Magiran和SID)以及英语数据库(Web of Science、Scopus、Embase、PubMed和谷歌scholar)中可用的文章和报告进行了综述。结果:沙尘暴现象覆盖了广泛的地理区域。事实上，它发生在世界各地，被认为是一个国际问题。沙尘暴现象发生时，各种污染物浓度增加，一般影响大气、生物圈、水圈和人圈。沙尘暴具有深远的环境、健康和社会经济影响，这些影响相互联系在一起，最终每一种影响都将造成不可弥补的经济后果。因此，沙尘现象具有广泛的经济影响，例如对出口的影响、航空旅行的延误、公路运输的中断、对农业(农业和园艺)的破坏性影响、道路事故、道路损坏、学校、家用电器、电子设备、公共广告牌、灌溉渠、发电厂和公共卫生的关闭。结论:沙尘暴现象不仅应该被视为一个环境问题，而且由于对受影响地区和国家的基础设施造成巨大的经济后果，它应该被视为一个国家和国际关注的问题。有必要与国家的许多行政部门一起减少其后果。为了减少沙尘现象的人为资源，本研究提出了综合评估和战略，在气候变化的情况下促进农场、牧场、沙漠和城市地区的可持续水资源和土地管理。
{"title":"The Economic Effects of Dust Storm","authors":"S. Faridi, S. Rahmani, N. Hashemi, S. Ghobadian, M. Zokaei","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.699","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Dust storm typically occurs in arid and semi-arid regions. This phenomenon is more visible across the western, southwestern and central regions of Iran in the summertime. Previously conducted studies have reported that this phenomenon affects human health, agriculture, industry, infrastructure and transportation. The aim of this study is to investigate the economic effects of dust storms. Methods: The present study is a descriptive investigation. The available articles and reports in valid Persian databases (Civilica, Magiran and SID) as well as English databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed and Google scholar were reviwed separately. Results: The dust storm phenomenon covers a wide range of geographical area. In fact, it occurs in all parts of the world and is considered as an international issue. During the occurrence of dust storm phenomenon, the concentration of various pollutants increases, which generally affects the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and throposphere. Dust storm have far-reaching environmental, health, and socio-economic effects that are linked in a chain, and ultimately each of these effects will have irreparable economic consequences. Therefore, the phenomenon of dust has wide economic effects such as the impact on the exports, delays in air travel, disruption of road transport, destructive effects on agriculture (agriculture and horticulture), road accidents, road damage, closure of schools, home appliances, electronic equipments, public billboards, irrigation canals, power plants and public health. Conclusion: Dust storm phenomenon should not only be considered as an environmental issue, but due to the great economic consequences for the infrastructure of the affected areas and the country, it should be considered as a national and international concern. It is necessary to accompany many executive departments of the country to reduce its consequences. To reduce the man-made resources of the dust phenomenon, this study proposes integrated assessments and strategies that promote sustainable water and land management in farms, rangelands, deserts and urban areas, despite climate change.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"699-713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86780918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-10DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.609
M. Aqanaghad, Gholamreza Moussavi
Background & objectives: Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is one of the low cost wastewater treatment systems compared to the aerobic method. Hoverer it should be studied and developed to overcome its limitations such as insufficient nutrient removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the 5 sectional ABR pilot and improve it with integrated electric coagulation process for municipal wastewater treatment. Methods: This study was conducted at Khoy wastewater treatment plant. The ABR was operated for 270 days with hydraulic retention time (HRT) 36-24-18-12h and the integrated reactor was operated for 40 days with duration of 18 hours. The reactors were fed in line from the incoming wastewater to the treatment plant. From the input and output of the system, 245hour combined sampling was performed 225 times and the parameters COD, BOD, TSS, TKN, and TP were measured. Results: The reactor startup took about 105 days. The ABR reached to 79 91%, 9-20%, 1930% and 89-94% COD, TKN, PO4 and TSS removal efficiencies respectively at HRT36 and 12 h. The ABR meted effluent disposal standards of TSS in all conditions and those of COD, TP and BOD at optimum HRT 36h. The integrated ABR meted these and NO3, SO4 standards at HRT 18 h in current density of 0.1mA/cm by aluminum electrodes. Conclusion: The ABR is suitable for municipal wastewater treatment, but it has limitations such as high HRT and failure to meet nitrogen effluent discharge standard. By integrating the EP into the ABR while reducing HRT, its efficiency increased up to twice that of ABR with the same time. Therefore, integrated electrical coagulation can be used to improve ABR efficiency.
{"title":"Assessment of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Upgrade by Integrated Electrocoagulation Process for Municipal Wastewater Treatment","authors":"M. Aqanaghad, Gholamreza Moussavi","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.609","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is one of the low cost wastewater treatment systems compared to the aerobic method. Hoverer it should be studied and developed to overcome its limitations such as insufficient nutrient removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the 5 sectional ABR pilot and improve it with integrated electric coagulation process for municipal wastewater treatment. Methods: This study was conducted at Khoy wastewater treatment plant. The ABR was operated for 270 days with hydraulic retention time (HRT) 36-24-18-12h and the integrated reactor was operated for 40 days with duration of 18 hours. The reactors were fed in line from the incoming wastewater to the treatment plant. From the input and output of the system, 245hour combined sampling was performed 225 times and the parameters COD, BOD, TSS, TKN, and TP were measured. Results: The reactor startup took about 105 days. The ABR reached to 79 91%, 9-20%, 1930% and 89-94% COD, TKN, PO4 and TSS removal efficiencies respectively at HRT36 and 12 h. The ABR meted effluent disposal standards of TSS in all conditions and those of COD, TP and BOD at optimum HRT 36h. The integrated ABR meted these and NO3, SO4 standards at HRT 18 h in current density of 0.1mA/cm by aluminum electrodes. Conclusion: The ABR is suitable for municipal wastewater treatment, but it has limitations such as high HRT and failure to meet nitrogen effluent discharge standard. By integrating the EP into the ABR while reducing HRT, its efficiency increased up to twice that of ABR with the same time. Therefore, integrated electrical coagulation can be used to improve ABR efficiency.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87951473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"بررسی جهتگیری پژوهشی علم ماکروارگونومی در ایران بر مبنای پژوهش های منتشر شده","authors":"نفیسه نصیرزاده, مهدی معبودی, نصرت عبداله پور, فرامرز هلالی","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.11.5.633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"89 1","pages":"633-651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84461085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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