Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a popular technology of this era due to its potential to transform businesses. Therefore, various businesses are focused on adopting this technology to enhance their business. However, due to challenges, not all organizations can adopt AI for their business functions. Considering the importance of AI and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the economy, this study aimed to examine the challenges and prospects of AI for SMEs. The study performed review-based research to examine past literature to determine the key challenges facing SMEs in AI integration. It was noted in the results that costs and technical requirements of AI remain the topmost challenges for SMEs to implement AI. These challenges remain the major hindrance to the adoption of AI, and thus, this study analyzes these issues deeply to provide organizations with the insight to overcome these problems. The study also noted that the prospects of AI in SMEs are great as the costs of AI are reducing, and with more research and development, AI integration will become more convenient. Therefore, this research provides key details into the problems facing AI adoption contemporarily and how they can be solved in the future.
{"title":"Future prospects and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence within the business practices of small and medium enterprises","authors":"Arbiana Govori, Qemajl Sejdija","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i2art16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i2art16","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a popular technology of this era due to its potential to transform businesses. Therefore, various businesses are focused on adopting this technology to enhance their business. However, due to challenges, not all organizations can adopt AI for their business functions. Considering the importance of AI and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the economy, this study aimed to examine the challenges and prospects of AI for SMEs. The study performed review-based research to examine past literature to determine the key challenges facing SMEs in AI integration. It was noted in the results that costs and technical requirements of AI remain the topmost challenges for SMEs to implement AI. These challenges remain the major hindrance to the adoption of AI, and thus, this study analyzes these issues deeply to provide organizations with the insight to overcome these problems. The study also noted that the prospects of AI in SMEs are great as the costs of AI are reducing, and with more research and development, AI integration will become more convenient. Therefore, this research provides key details into the problems facing AI adoption contemporarily and how they can be solved in the future.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ta Thu Phuong, Le Duc Hoang, Tran Minh Tuan, Trinh Mai Van
This study investigates the impact of minority shareholder protection on corporate dividend policy. On one hand, strong minority shareholder protection can be associated with a reduction in dividend payment because shareholders want to receive more dividends to mitigate agency costs. On the other hand, weak minority shareholder protection can lead to an increase in dividend payment since shareholders, in order to protect themselves, may require the company to pay more dividends to compensate for weak minority shareholder protection. Our sample consists of 101 Vietnamese listed firms in the material industry during the period from 2015 to 2021. Employing a pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) model, we find a negative impact of minority shareholder protection on corporate dividend payment. To deal with the endogeneity problem, we apply a system generalized method of moments (GMM) method. The main result estimated from this method is qualitatively unchanged. The finding of this paper suggests that the manager of a company should enhance the corporate governance of the company to protect the minority shareholders.
{"title":"Minority shareholder protection and dividend policy: Evidence from the material industry","authors":"Ta Thu Phuong, Le Duc Hoang, Tran Minh Tuan, Trinh Mai Van","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i3art17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3art17","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of minority shareholder protection on corporate dividend policy. On one hand, strong minority shareholder protection can be associated with a reduction in dividend payment because shareholders want to receive more dividends to mitigate agency costs. On the other hand, weak minority shareholder protection can lead to an increase in dividend payment since shareholders, in order to protect themselves, may require the company to pay more dividends to compensate for weak minority shareholder protection. Our sample consists of 101 Vietnamese listed firms in the material industry during the period from 2015 to 2021. Employing a pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) model, we find a negative impact of minority shareholder protection on corporate dividend payment. To deal with the endogeneity problem, we apply a system generalized method of moments (GMM) method. The main result estimated from this method is qualitatively unchanged. The finding of this paper suggests that the manager of a company should enhance the corporate governance of the company to protect the minority shareholders.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Umoru, Solomon Edem Effiong, Shehu Salisu Umar, Clement Chibuzoe Eleh, Orobosa Abraham Ihensekhien, Friday Osaru Ovenseri-Ogbomo, Chineleobi Chris Ihuoma, Ann Nuhu Tizhe
The economies of West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) countries have recorded a long trend of currency devaluation and hiking instability in oil prices. We estimated the covariance of currency devaluation and volatilities in global oil prices caused by the COVID-19 outbreak on WAMZ economies from January 30 to December 30, 2020. The BEKK model was estimated for analysis. The results from generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) show that all variance equation coefficients, are significant, suggesting strong volatility transmission and spillovers between the COVID-19 outbreak and oil price shocks on the economic performance of WAMZ. The estimates obtained for both current and lagged gross domestic product (GDP) equations are relatively similar. Consequently, all WAMZ economies weakly responded to shocks arising from fluctuations in international oil prices, volatility of inflation rate, and excess devaluation caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. The instabilities in oil prices and devaluation caused by the COVID-19 outbreak had decelerating consequences on the output growth of WAMZ economies. The estimated covariance effects of oil price shock and currency devaluation are negative for all countries in the study. A 1 percent devaluation-oil price shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in negative output growth rates of 1.3 percent, 1.12 percent, 1.1 percent, and 1.09 percent in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Ghana, and The Gambia, respectively.
{"title":"Estimating covariance between exchange rate devaluation and oil price volatility during COVID-19","authors":"David Umoru, Solomon Edem Effiong, Shehu Salisu Umar, Clement Chibuzoe Eleh, Orobosa Abraham Ihensekhien, Friday Osaru Ovenseri-Ogbomo, Chineleobi Chris Ihuoma, Ann Nuhu Tizhe","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i2art19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i2art19","url":null,"abstract":"The economies of West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) countries have recorded a long trend of currency devaluation and hiking instability in oil prices. We estimated the covariance of currency devaluation and volatilities in global oil prices caused by the COVID-19 outbreak on WAMZ economies from January 30 to December 30, 2020. The BEKK model was estimated for analysis. The results from generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) show that all variance equation coefficients, are significant, suggesting strong volatility transmission and spillovers between the COVID-19 outbreak and oil price shocks on the economic performance of WAMZ. The estimates obtained for both current and lagged gross domestic product (GDP) equations are relatively similar. Consequently, all WAMZ economies weakly responded to shocks arising from fluctuations in international oil prices, volatility of inflation rate, and excess devaluation caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. The instabilities in oil prices and devaluation caused by the COVID-19 outbreak had decelerating consequences on the output growth of WAMZ economies. The estimated covariance effects of oil price shock and currency devaluation are negative for all countries in the study. A 1 percent devaluation-oil price shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in negative output growth rates of 1.3 percent, 1.12 percent, 1.1 percent, and 1.09 percent in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Ghana, and The Gambia, respectively.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gatot Soepriyanto, Meiryani Meiryani, Aretha Amelia, J. Sudrajat
The COVID-19 pandemic has put an auditor under pressure to help clients with financial reports. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of workload and burnout on auditor performance during the COVID-19 pandemic of external auditors in Jakarta. This research employs a quantitative method with a convenience sampling approach. The sample of this study was 101 respondents from 34 public accounting firms in the Jakarta Capital Special Region that were active and registered on the website database of the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The results showed that workload had a positive effect on auditor performance while burnout has a negative effect on auditor performance. This shows that the high workload tends to affect the auditor’s motivation to improve the auditor’s performance and the high burnout tends to affect the auditor’s performance decline.
{"title":"The effect of workload and burnout on auditor performance during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Gatot Soepriyanto, Meiryani Meiryani, Aretha Amelia, J. Sudrajat","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i1art1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1art1","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has put an auditor under pressure to help clients with financial reports. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of workload and burnout on auditor performance during the COVID-19 pandemic of external auditors in Jakarta. This research employs a quantitative method with a convenience sampling approach. The sample of this study was 101 respondents from 34 public accounting firms in the Jakarta Capital Special Region that were active and registered on the website database of the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The results showed that workload had a positive effect on auditor performance while burnout has a negative effect on auditor performance. This shows that the high workload tends to affect the auditor’s motivation to improve the auditor’s performance and the high burnout tends to affect the auditor’s performance decline.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68784648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The latest trend in educational attainment has gripped almost the entire world, even the most developed countries. Their concentration is now not only on the highest possible achievements but also contribution to the economic development of society. The study aims to analyze the gender-based trends in education attainment, specifically below upper secondary education, post-secondary non-tertiary education, and tertiary education, for the period of 2007–2021 in ten economically developed countries with the highest gross domestic product (GDP), as well as examine the relationship between education attainment and GDP growth. The result shows that men have a higher percentage of attainment than women in below upper secondary education and upper secondary non-tertiary education. Conversely, women have a higher percentage of education attainment at the highest level: tertiary education. Moreover, the analysis indicates a direct relationship between below-secondary and upper-secondary non-tertiary education and GDP growth, while a direct relationship exists between GDP growth and tertiary education. Consequently, policies for reducing gender disparities should be in place to stimulate the enrolment of young adults in those professions that contribute more to the economic output. The research has its limitations in that other countries are not included in the study and the quality of studies is not taken into consideration.
{"title":"Education attainment and economic growth: Gender disparities perspective","authors":"Luljeta Aliu Mulaj, But Dedaj","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i4art18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i4art18","url":null,"abstract":"The latest trend in educational attainment has gripped almost the entire world, even the most developed countries. Their concentration is now not only on the highest possible achievements but also contribution to the economic development of society. The study aims to analyze the gender-based trends in education attainment, specifically below upper secondary education, post-secondary non-tertiary education, and tertiary education, for the period of 2007–2021 in ten economically developed countries with the highest gross domestic product (GDP), as well as examine the relationship between education attainment and GDP growth. The result shows that men have a higher percentage of attainment than women in below upper secondary education and upper secondary non-tertiary education. Conversely, women have a higher percentage of education attainment at the highest level: tertiary education. Moreover, the analysis indicates a direct relationship between below-secondary and upper-secondary non-tertiary education and GDP growth, while a direct relationship exists between GDP growth and tertiary education. Consequently, policies for reducing gender disparities should be in place to stimulate the enrolment of young adults in those professions that contribute more to the economic output. The research has its limitations in that other countries are not included in the study and the quality of studies is not taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22495/jgrv12i3siart17
Nadia Abdelhamid Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed, Bahadur Ali Soomro
The present study explores Saudi Arabian university students’ insights into environmental risk perceptions (ERPs) and built environmental behaviors (BEBs). Based on the findings of previous studies such as Geng et al. (2015), Islam et al. (2019) and Alnaim et al. (2022) and the dire need for further exploration, the researchers developed the conceptual framework and model for confirmation in the context of Saudi Arabia. The researchers applied a quantitative approached and utilized 248 valid samples to infer the results. The findings of the study reveal a positive and significant effect of environmental protection (EP), knowledge of the environment (KoE) and environmental values (EVs) on BEBs. On the other hand, ERPs have a negative and insignificant effect on BEBs. Furthermore, ERPs mediate the relationship between EP, KoE, EVs and BEBs. The study findings would assist policymakers and environmental protection agencies in developing BEBs among all the country’s citizens. Besides, the results of a study would also support individuals in establishing BEBs regarding the recycling of restorative materials by avoiding the use of hazardous materials which is harmful to the environment and the healthy lives of human.
本研究探讨了沙特阿拉伯大学生对环境风险感知(ERPs)和建筑环境行为(beb)的见解。基于Geng et al.(2015)、Islam et al.(2019)和Alnaim et al.(2022)等先前研究的结果，以及进一步探索的迫切需要，研究人员开发了在沙特阿拉伯背景下进行确认的概念框架和模型。研究人员采用定量方法，利用248个有效样本来推断结果。研究结果表明，环境保护(EP)、环境知识(KoE)和环境价值观(ev)对企业行为具有显著的正向影响。另一方面，erp对beb的影响为负且不显著。erp在EP、KoE、ev和beb之间起到中介作用。研究结果将有助于政策制定者和环境保护机构在全国公民中发展beb。此外，研究结果还将支持个人通过避免使用对环境和人类健康生活有害的危险材料，在回收恢复性材料方面建立经济效益目标。
{"title":"Insights towards the environmental risk perceptions and built environmental behaviors: Guidelines for environmental governance and regulations","authors":"Nadia Abdelhamid Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed, Bahadur Ali Soomro","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i3siart17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3siart17","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores Saudi Arabian university students’ insights into environmental risk perceptions (ERPs) and built environmental behaviors (BEBs). Based on the findings of previous studies such as Geng et al. (2015), Islam et al. (2019) and Alnaim et al. (2022) and the dire need for further exploration, the researchers developed the conceptual framework and model for confirmation in the context of Saudi Arabia. The researchers applied a quantitative approached and utilized 248 valid samples to infer the results. The findings of the study reveal a positive and significant effect of environmental protection (EP), knowledge of the environment (KoE) and environmental values (EVs) on BEBs. On the other hand, ERPs have a negative and insignificant effect on BEBs. Furthermore, ERPs mediate the relationship between EP, KoE, EVs and BEBs. The study findings would assist policymakers and environmental protection agencies in developing BEBs among all the country’s citizens. Besides, the results of a study would also support individuals in establishing BEBs regarding the recycling of restorative materials by avoiding the use of hazardous materials which is harmful to the environment and the healthy lives of human.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135698870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moustafa Elmetwaly Kandeel, Ibrahim Suleiman Alqatawneh, Ahmad Fekry Moussa, Zeyad Mohammad Jaffal
Using the analytical method, the purpose of this paper is to emphasize some constitutional and legal principles, whose application and implementation will lead to UAE judiciary governance. Six major principles can be summarized as a result of these principles (Khalil, 2022). A few of these principles serve as a foundation for the UAE judicial governance; others serve as a guarantee for judicial governance. Further, the principles of openness of the judiciary, a confrontation between litigants, and appeals against court rulings ensure judicial governance (Alsubaie, 2022). At the end of this paper, a number of results shall be confirmed. The UAE judiciary will definitely preserve the right to litigation as a result of its governance. Additionally, all citizens and residents shall have the right to initiate legal proceedings without discrimination, provided that the following rights are satisfied: the right to legal counsel, the right to confrontation between litigants, and the right to appeal against court rulings.
{"title":"Judicial governance and its role in achieving justice effectiveness","authors":"Moustafa Elmetwaly Kandeel, Ibrahim Suleiman Alqatawneh, Ahmad Fekry Moussa, Zeyad Mohammad Jaffal","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i3art15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3art15","url":null,"abstract":"Using the analytical method, the purpose of this paper is to emphasize some constitutional and legal principles, whose application and implementation will lead to UAE judiciary governance. Six major principles can be summarized as a result of these principles (Khalil, 2022). A few of these principles serve as a foundation for the UAE judicial governance; others serve as a guarantee for judicial governance. Further, the principles of openness of the judiciary, a confrontation between litigants, and appeals against court rulings ensure judicial governance (Alsubaie, 2022). At the end of this paper, a number of results shall be confirmed. The UAE judiciary will definitely preserve the right to litigation as a result of its governance. Additionally, all citizens and residents shall have the right to initiate legal proceedings without discrimination, provided that the following rights are satisfied: the right to legal counsel, the right to confrontation between litigants, and the right to appeal against court rulings.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22495/jgrv12i3siart19
James Ajor Ogar, John Thompson Okpa, Thelma Aya Abang, Fredrick Awhen Opoh, Francis Abul Uyang, Bassey Ballantyne Ikpeme, Rosemary Ine Eneji, Augustine Eze Bassey, Patrick Owan Bisong, Chukwudi Charles Ezikeudu, Edem Ebong
The internet has gained widespread acceptance globally since its inception. However, the escalating threats associated with this acceptance are alarming, as cyber fraudsters continually imitate and execute grievous attacks on corporate entities. While much is known about the various dimensions of malware attacks and defense (Sharmeen et al., 2019), little attention has been given to how malware affects the socio-economic survival of organizations in Nigeria, particularly in Cross River State. This article aims to bridge this knowledge gap by presenting empirical evidence on how malware victimization impacts organizational survival in the study area. Through the use of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, a sample of 1,074 research participants, including bank staff, industrial workers, and telecommunication staff, was selected from Cross River State using a multi-stage sampling technique. The findings reveal a significant increase in malware victimization among corporate organizations in Cross River State, resulting in severe consequences for their socio-economic development. To mitigate these risks, the study recommends that organizations strengthen their network security, implement comprehensive cybersecurity awareness training programs for employees, adopt advanced detection and response technologies, and employ mobile security solutions or business internet traffic security measures to ensure their safety.
{"title":"Malware victimisation and organisational survival: A multi-method exploration of emerging market","authors":"James Ajor Ogar, John Thompson Okpa, Thelma Aya Abang, Fredrick Awhen Opoh, Francis Abul Uyang, Bassey Ballantyne Ikpeme, Rosemary Ine Eneji, Augustine Eze Bassey, Patrick Owan Bisong, Chukwudi Charles Ezikeudu, Edem Ebong","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i3siart19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3siart19","url":null,"abstract":"The internet has gained widespread acceptance globally since its inception. However, the escalating threats associated with this acceptance are alarming, as cyber fraudsters continually imitate and execute grievous attacks on corporate entities. While much is known about the various dimensions of malware attacks and defense (Sharmeen et al., 2019), little attention has been given to how malware affects the socio-economic survival of organizations in Nigeria, particularly in Cross River State. This article aims to bridge this knowledge gap by presenting empirical evidence on how malware victimization impacts organizational survival in the study area. Through the use of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, a sample of 1,074 research participants, including bank staff, industrial workers, and telecommunication staff, was selected from Cross River State using a multi-stage sampling technique. The findings reveal a significant increase in malware victimization among corporate organizations in Cross River State, resulting in severe consequences for their socio-economic development. To mitigate these risks, the study recommends that organizations strengthen their network security, implement comprehensive cybersecurity awareness training programs for employees, adopt advanced detection and response technologies, and employ mobile security solutions or business internet traffic security measures to ensure their safety.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainability, climate change, and transition risks are on the global agenda. However, achieving sustainability, climate change mitigation, and technological advancements are punctuated by environmental and social casualties not often articulated in public discourse. This viewpoint seeks to caution that while attempting to deal with environmental and climate risks, we should not be oblivious to the resultant environmental and social implications of sustainable technologies and innovations. Contemporary tech-anchored lifestyles increase demand that supports the mining of rare earth elements (REE) which are used to manufacture sustainable technologies (Satchwell et al., 2022). The viewpoint is theoretically anchored in the rebound effect and Jevons paradox. A qualitative meta-summary was used to support and provide coherent contrarian considerations expressed in this viewpoint. Academics, policymakers, and practitioners must recognise the enormity of the carbon footprint caused by using REE. Sometimes, price tags are people relocations (Sovacool, 2019), and they subsequently forfeit their heritage, land rights, and possibly, cultural identity. This opens opportunities to research moral licensing in sustainability and climate change and transition. A holistic approach to sustainability is suggested. The approach insists that net positive benefits should first accrue to local communities and a share of REE profits invested in specific environmental and social projects in REE mining communities.
可持续性、气候变化和转型风险已列入全球议程。然而，在实现可持续性、减缓气候变化和技术进步的过程中，环境和社会的损失往往不会在公共话语中得到阐明。这一观点旨在提醒我们，在试图应对环境和气候风险的同时，我们不应忽视可持续技术和创新对环境和社会的影响。当代以科技为主导的生活方式增加了对稀土元素(REE)开采的需求，稀土元素用于制造可持续技术(Satchwell et al.， 2022)。这一观点的理论基础是反弹效应和杰文斯悖论。一个定性的元摘要被用来支持和提供在这个观点中表达的一致的相反的考虑。学者、政策制定者和从业者必须认识到使用稀土元素造成的巨大碳足迹。有时，代价是人们的重新安置(Sovacool, 2019)，他们随后丧失了自己的遗产、土地权，甚至可能丧失了文化认同。这为研究可持续发展、气候变化和转型中的道德许可提供了机会。建议采用一种全面的可持续性方法。该方法坚持认为，净收益应该首先给当地社区带来，并将REE利润的一部分投资于REE采矿社区的具体环境和社会项目。
{"title":"Environmental and social implications of sustainability and technological advancements: Contrarian considerations","authors":"Tapiwa Muzata","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i3art18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3art18","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability, climate change, and transition risks are on the global agenda. However, achieving sustainability, climate change mitigation, and technological advancements are punctuated by environmental and social casualties not often articulated in public discourse. This viewpoint seeks to caution that while attempting to deal with environmental and climate risks, we should not be oblivious to the resultant environmental and social implications of sustainable technologies and innovations. Contemporary tech-anchored lifestyles increase demand that supports the mining of rare earth elements (REE) which are used to manufacture sustainable technologies (Satchwell et al., 2022). The viewpoint is theoretically anchored in the rebound effect and Jevons paradox. A qualitative meta-summary was used to support and provide coherent contrarian considerations expressed in this viewpoint. Academics, policymakers, and practitioners must recognise the enormity of the carbon footprint caused by using REE. Sometimes, price tags are people relocations (Sovacool, 2019), and they subsequently forfeit their heritage, land rights, and possibly, cultural identity. This opens opportunities to research moral licensing in sustainability and climate change and transition. A holistic approach to sustainability is suggested. The approach insists that net positive benefits should first accrue to local communities and a share of REE profits invested in specific environmental and social projects in REE mining communities.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper will analyse the economic performance of six Western Balkan countries. Macroeconomic indicators have differences from country to country due to the government policies they have (Aryani et al., 2023). The economic performance of countries depends on global influences and the development model of some governments on how they use their country’s natural resources (Chutipat et al., 2023). The aim is to measure the economic performance index (EPI) for each country in this region. The paper methodology will have secondary data for the years 2010–2020. The EPI finding is constructed using the following indicators: unemployment, inflation, budget deficit, and economic growth. To do this, graphs, descriptive statistics, and regression models were used. In conclusion, based on conventional wisdom, the results show that countries that have performed better have shown increases in average private sector monthly wages and vice versa. Contrary to expectations, a larger population appears to have a negative impact on performance, and country specifics do not appear to be statistically associated with better performance. Thus, the importance of this paper is to add to the emerging literature by arguing for the superiority of the EPI compared to more traditional indicators.
本文将分析六个西巴尔干国家的经济表现。宏观经济指标因各国政府政策的不同而存在差异(Aryani et al.， 2023)。国家的经济表现取决于全球影响和一些政府如何利用其国家自然资源的发展模式(Chutipat et al.， 2023)。其目的是衡量本地区每个国家的经济表现指数。论文方法将采用2010-2020年的二手数据。EPI的发现是使用以下指标构建的:失业、通货膨胀、预算赤字和经济增长。为此，使用了图表、描述性统计和回归模型。总而言之，根据传统观点，结果表明，表现较好的国家私营部门的平均月工资有所增长，反之亦然。与预期相反，更多的人口似乎对业绩有负面影响，国家的具体情况在统计上似乎与更好的业绩没有联系。因此，本文的重要性在于通过论证EPI与更传统的指标相比的优越性来增加新兴文献。
{"title":"Economic performance of the countries in the Western Balkans","authors":"Gëzim Tosuni, Shkumbin Misini","doi":"10.22495/jgrv12i4art1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i4art1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will analyse the economic performance of six Western Balkan countries. Macroeconomic indicators have differences from country to country due to the government policies they have (Aryani et al., 2023). The economic performance of countries depends on global influences and the development model of some governments on how they use their country’s natural resources (Chutipat et al., 2023). The aim is to measure the economic performance index (EPI) for each country in this region. The paper methodology will have secondary data for the years 2010–2020. The EPI finding is constructed using the following indicators: unemployment, inflation, budget deficit, and economic growth. To do this, graphs, descriptive statistics, and regression models were used. In conclusion, based on conventional wisdom, the results show that countries that have performed better have shown increases in average private sector monthly wages and vice versa. Contrary to expectations, a larger population appears to have a negative impact on performance, and country specifics do not appear to be statistically associated with better performance. Thus, the importance of this paper is to add to the emerging literature by arguing for the superiority of the EPI compared to more traditional indicators.","PeriodicalId":15974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Governance and Regulation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135955727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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