Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_185_21
S. Shetiya, Abhishek Kumbhalwar, S. Kale
Background: Transgender population are a high-risk group in the community, as their oral health gets neglected due to the stigma associated with them. Since it is an impediment to obtain oral care services, a group of such persons were identified with an intention of examining them orally and providing basic oral treatment. Aim: To identify a cohort of transgender persons using tobacco product and provide group behavioral counseling for cessation of their habit. Materials and Methods: A total of five locations wherein transgender persons were residing were identified. Demographic details of the participants such as age, education status, and occupation were recorded. The tobacco product use details regarding frequency, duration of use, and form of tobacco were documented. The identified tobacco users were provided with behavioral tobacco cessation counseling. Follow-up was done every month for 6 months and at 18th month through self-reported abstinence and urine cotinine test at 6th month. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of numbers and percentages and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (Mid-P) were provided using WinPepi PORTAL. Results: A total of 52 transgender persons aged 18–58 years were identified. Tobacco product use was identified in 73%, out of which 13% smoked tobacco, 84% chewed tobacco, while 2% smoked and chewed both. Postintervention at 6th month, 21% (CI: 0.10–0.36) abstained from the habit of tobacco product use, which was self-reported and 7% (CI: 0.02–0.20) was validated with urine cotinine. By the 18th month, 15% (CI: 0.06–0.29) had self-reported abstinence. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among transgender population. Tobacco cessation program helped in quitting the adverse habit in 15% of the population. Cessation programs supplemented with nicotine replacement therapy use in this marginalized section of the society would help achieve a better abstinence.
{"title":"Tobacco habit abstinence through behavioral counseling among transgender persons of pune district: A quasi-experimental design","authors":"S. Shetiya, Abhishek Kumbhalwar, S. Kale","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_185_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_185_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transgender population are a high-risk group in the community, as their oral health gets neglected due to the stigma associated with them. Since it is an impediment to obtain oral care services, a group of such persons were identified with an intention of examining them orally and providing basic oral treatment. Aim: To identify a cohort of transgender persons using tobacco product and provide group behavioral counseling for cessation of their habit. Materials and Methods: A total of five locations wherein transgender persons were residing were identified. Demographic details of the participants such as age, education status, and occupation were recorded. The tobacco product use details regarding frequency, duration of use, and form of tobacco were documented. The identified tobacco users were provided with behavioral tobacco cessation counseling. Follow-up was done every month for 6 months and at 18th month through self-reported abstinence and urine cotinine test at 6th month. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of numbers and percentages and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (Mid-P) were provided using WinPepi PORTAL. Results: A total of 52 transgender persons aged 18–58 years were identified. Tobacco product use was identified in 73%, out of which 13% smoked tobacco, 84% chewed tobacco, while 2% smoked and chewed both. Postintervention at 6th month, 21% (CI: 0.10–0.36) abstained from the habit of tobacco product use, which was self-reported and 7% (CI: 0.02–0.20) was validated with urine cotinine. By the 18th month, 15% (CI: 0.06–0.29) had self-reported abstinence. Conclusion: The prevalence of tobacco consumption was high among transgender population. Tobacco cessation program helped in quitting the adverse habit in 15% of the population. Cessation programs supplemented with nicotine replacement therapy use in this marginalized section of the society would help achieve a better abstinence.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"384 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48012783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_53_21
S. Ravoori, S. Yaddanapalli, P. Shaik, Devaki Talluri, Srinivas Pachava, Nijampatnam P. M. Pavani
Background: Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease and its treatment is the most prevalent unmet health need among school-leaving children. Caries experience among school leaving age group is important as India is a rapidly growing nation in terms of population as today's children are tomorrow's future citizens of the nation. Methodology: To know the oral hygiene practices and caries experience among school-leaving children in a rural area, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Chebrolu Mandal using a multistage random sampling technique to obtain the required sample size. The data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire followed by oral examination using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The descriptive analysis included mean and standard deviations, Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Only a few children have a habit of brushing their teeth twice daily 137 (27.6%); rinse their mouth after every meal 116 (23.4%); dispose of toothbrush every 3 months (11.7%); spends <1-min brushing (4.8%); and cleans their tongue using tongue cleaner (25.2%). When DMFT scores were compared to the brushing techniques of the children, significantly higher mean DMFT scores were observed in children who brush once a day (1.49 ± 1.133). Conclusion: Caries' experience was more in children who brushed their teeth once a day with horizontal brushing technique and this shows that the study subjects do not follow correct brushing techniques and other oral hygiene practices.
{"title":"Oral hygiene practices and caries experience among school leaving children in rural area","authors":"S. Ravoori, S. Yaddanapalli, P. Shaik, Devaki Talluri, Srinivas Pachava, Nijampatnam P. M. Pavani","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_53_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_53_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease and its treatment is the most prevalent unmet health need among school-leaving children. Caries experience among school leaving age group is important as India is a rapidly growing nation in terms of population as today's children are tomorrow's future citizens of the nation. Methodology: To know the oral hygiene practices and caries experience among school-leaving children in a rural area, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Chebrolu Mandal using a multistage random sampling technique to obtain the required sample size. The data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire followed by oral examination using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The descriptive analysis included mean and standard deviations, Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Only a few children have a habit of brushing their teeth twice daily 137 (27.6%); rinse their mouth after every meal 116 (23.4%); dispose of toothbrush every 3 months (11.7%); spends <1-min brushing (4.8%); and cleans their tongue using tongue cleaner (25.2%). When DMFT scores were compared to the brushing techniques of the children, significantly higher mean DMFT scores were observed in children who brush once a day (1.49 ± 1.133). Conclusion: Caries' experience was more in children who brushed their teeth once a day with horizontal brushing technique and this shows that the study subjects do not follow correct brushing techniques and other oral hygiene practices.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"379 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46972242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_221_21
P. Kodali, Vijaya Hegde, Rasheed Minhaz, P. Mithra, Shubhan Alva, J. Joseph, Roshni S
Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major public health challenge affecting preschool children. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a noninvasive, alternative method to surgical intervention in the treatment of ECC. It has also shown to inhibit the development of new carious lesions. Materials and Methods: An open-labeled randomized controlled trail was conducted among 200 Anganwadi children. They were divided into two groups: Group A received oral prophylaxis and application of 38% SDF and Group B received oral prophylaxis, restoration using glass ionomer cement (GIC) and application of 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV). The effectiveness in reduction of dental caries was assessed based on its ability to result in a positive outcome postintervention. Cost-effectiveness analysis, from the service provider perspective, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SDF when compared to GIC followed by the application of FV. Average cost-effectiveness ratio and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for all the specific outcomes were assessed. Results: The average cost for converting an individual tooth from active caries to inactive caries using SDF was 67.30 Indian Rupees (INR), whereas the same was 225.5 INR using GIC with FV. The ICER of the interventions for the total number of inactive caries postintervention was measured at −89.9, implying that Incremental costs of one extra tooth of active caries to be converted into inactive caries using SDF will cost 89.9 INR less compared to the same outcome using GIC with FV. Conclusions: Thus, the study showed that SDF was cost-effective when compared to GIC in restoring active carious lesions.
{"title":"Cost-Effective analysis of silver diamine fluoride in comparison to glass ionomer cement along with fluoride varnish in the management of early childhood caries in anganwadi centers of Mangalore: A randomized control trail","authors":"P. Kodali, Vijaya Hegde, Rasheed Minhaz, P. Mithra, Shubhan Alva, J. Joseph, Roshni S","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_221_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_221_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major public health challenge affecting preschool children. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a noninvasive, alternative method to surgical intervention in the treatment of ECC. It has also shown to inhibit the development of new carious lesions. Materials and Methods: An open-labeled randomized controlled trail was conducted among 200 Anganwadi children. They were divided into two groups: Group A received oral prophylaxis and application of 38% SDF and Group B received oral prophylaxis, restoration using glass ionomer cement (GIC) and application of 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV). The effectiveness in reduction of dental caries was assessed based on its ability to result in a positive outcome postintervention. Cost-effectiveness analysis, from the service provider perspective, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SDF when compared to GIC followed by the application of FV. Average cost-effectiveness ratio and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for all the specific outcomes were assessed. Results: The average cost for converting an individual tooth from active caries to inactive caries using SDF was 67.30 Indian Rupees (INR), whereas the same was 225.5 INR using GIC with FV. The ICER of the interventions for the total number of inactive caries postintervention was measured at −89.9, implying that Incremental costs of one extra tooth of active caries to be converted into inactive caries using SDF will cost 89.9 INR less compared to the same outcome using GIC with FV. Conclusions: Thus, the study showed that SDF was cost-effective when compared to GIC in restoring active carious lesions.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"420 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47581505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_6_21
Bharath Nayanar, Hemant Battur, N. Fareed, Jaseela Praveena
Background: Endothelial dysfunction is considered a common precursor to and occurs before cardiovascular events. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction is the first step in atherosclerosis growth that leads to cardiovascular disease CVD. Patients with periodontitis are ideal models for determining how endothelium-dependent vasodilation is affected by inflammation. Objective: The objective is to determine the effect of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction. Methodology: This review was conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis and JBI guidelines. A total of twelve randomized clinical trials published over a period of the past 14 years were included in the review (200420018). Results: There were 813 patients in the research, which lasted between 2 and 6 months and looked at the effects of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction. The common interventions given for the intervention group in all of the studies were supra or subgingival scaling and root planing with some studies providing antibiotic medications such as amoxicillin and minocycline as an adjuvant for periodontal therapy. All included studies reported a high level of evidence (LOE) of 1c. Conclusion: This study focused on periodontal therapy and its effect on endothelial dysfunction precisely and compared the levels of endothelial function before and after intervention, however, the studies included in this review did not do matching between cases and controls on endothelial function levels. This review revealed that more multi-centric randomized control trials are required in this area of research with proper randomization and adequate sample size and proper matching done between cases and controls.
{"title":"Effect of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction – A systematic review","authors":"Bharath Nayanar, Hemant Battur, N. Fareed, Jaseela Praveena","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endothelial dysfunction is considered a common precursor to and occurs before cardiovascular events. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction is the first step in atherosclerosis growth that leads to cardiovascular disease CVD. Patients with periodontitis are ideal models for determining how endothelium-dependent vasodilation is affected by inflammation. Objective: The objective is to determine the effect of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction. Methodology: This review was conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis and JBI guidelines. A total of twelve randomized clinical trials published over a period of the past 14 years were included in the review (200420018). Results: There were 813 patients in the research, which lasted between 2 and 6 months and looked at the effects of periodontal therapy on endothelial dysfunction. The common interventions given for the intervention group in all of the studies were supra or subgingival scaling and root planing with some studies providing antibiotic medications such as amoxicillin and minocycline as an adjuvant for periodontal therapy. All included studies reported a high level of evidence (LOE) of 1c. Conclusion: This study focused on periodontal therapy and its effect on endothelial dysfunction precisely and compared the levels of endothelial function before and after intervention, however, the studies included in this review did not do matching between cases and controls on endothelial function levels. This review revealed that more multi-centric randomized control trials are required in this area of research with proper randomization and adequate sample size and proper matching done between cases and controls.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"332 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45642528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_106_22
S. Nachiyar, Subha Anirudhan, Vineetha Chakravarthy, Ambalavanan Parthasarathy, M. Koshy, H. Baskar
Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic made many countries impose lockdown, movement control, or “shelter in place” orders on their residents. The effectiveness of these mitigation measures is highly dependent on the cooperation and compliance of all the members of the population. Many patients were observed to approach dental hospitals and clinics for nonemergency procedures without understanding the risk of contracting the disease.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude about the utilization of dental services during the peak of pandemic.Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire survey was prepared, and answers were collected from 355 participants residing in Tamil Nadu. Results: A total of 355 respondents were included in this preliminary report, and the mean knowledge score was 65.37%. The attitude of most respondents toward instituted preventive measures was satisfactory, with an average attitude score of 71.78%. Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had satisfactory knowledge of the disease, but the knowledge about the spread of infection from the dental office was deficient.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and perception about the utilization of dental services during COVID-19 pandemic among the general population: A cross-sectional survey of an indian subpopulation","authors":"S. Nachiyar, Subha Anirudhan, Vineetha Chakravarthy, Ambalavanan Parthasarathy, M. Koshy, H. Baskar","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_106_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_106_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic made many countries impose lockdown, movement control, or “shelter in place” orders on their residents. The effectiveness of these mitigation measures is highly dependent on the cooperation and compliance of all the members of the population. Many patients were observed to approach dental hospitals and clinics for nonemergency procedures without understanding the risk of contracting the disease.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude about the utilization of dental services during the peak of pandemic.Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire survey was prepared, and answers were collected from 355 participants residing in Tamil Nadu. Results: A total of 355 respondents were included in this preliminary report, and the mean knowledge score was 65.37%. The attitude of most respondents toward instituted preventive measures was satisfactory, with an average attitude score of 71.78%. Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had satisfactory knowledge of the disease, but the knowledge about the spread of infection from the dental office was deficient.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"375 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48626361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_161_21
Puja C. Yavagal, Vajreshwari Narayanpur, Sushmarani Rajanna, B. Priyanka
Background: Identifying factors related to oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) helps to plan effective oral health programs among elderly population. Aim: The aim was to assess OHRQoL and factors related to it among elderly population in Davanagere city. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved a multistage stratified sample of 380 elderly population aged 60 years and above in Davanagere city. Data related to demographic details and general and oral health-related factors, nutritional status, and geriatric OHRQoL of study participants were recorded using a study pro forma, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form Index, and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), respectively. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) was used for statistical analysis. The significant level was fixed at P < 0.05. Chi-square test, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation tests, and multiple linear regression analysis tests were applied for data analysis. Results: The participants had good OHRQoL (mean GOHAI = 40.66 ± 7.29). The GOHAI was significantly (P < 0.05) negatively correlated with age, systemic problems, number of missing teeth, source of income, and medications and was positively correlated with nutritional status, occupation, and pan chewing. Age, medical problems, missing teeth, nutritional status, and occupation were significant predictors of GOHAI. (F = 26.36, P < 0.00, r2 = 0.36, B [Constant] =48.65 [confidence interval 33.85–63.46]). Conclusion: Clinicians, public health workers, and policy makers can focus on significant predictors of GOHAI for planning community-based programs targeted at improving OHRQoL of elderly population.
背景：识别与口腔健康相关的生活质量（OHRQoL）因素有助于在老年人群中规划有效的口腔健康计划。目的：评估达万吉尔市老年人口OHRQoL及其相关因素。材料和方法：这项横断面调查涉及达万吉尔市380名60岁及以上老年人的多阶段分层样本。分别使用研究形式、迷你营养评估简表指数和老年口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI）记录研究参与者的人口统计细节、一般和口腔健康相关因素、营养状况和老年OHRQoL相关数据。使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，Version 21（IBM Corp.，Armonk，NY，USA）进行统计分析。显著性水平固定在P＜0.05。数据分析采用卡方检验、皮尔逊和斯皮尔曼相关检验以及多元线性回归分析检验。结果：参与者具有良好的OHRQoL（平均GOHAI=40.66±7.29）。GOHAI与年龄、系统问题、缺牙数量、收入来源和药物呈显著负相关（P<0.05），与营养状况、职业和咀嚼呈正相关。年龄、医疗问题、缺牙、营养状况和职业是GOHAI的重要预测因素。（F=26.36，P<0.000，r2=0.36，B[常数]=48.65[置信区间33.85-63.46]）。结论：临床医生、公共卫生工作者和政策制定者可以关注GOHAI的重要预测因素，以规划旨在改善老年人口OHRQoL的社区项目。
{"title":"Oral health related quality of life and its related factors among the elderly population in Davanagere city: A cross sectional survey","authors":"Puja C. Yavagal, Vajreshwari Narayanpur, Sushmarani Rajanna, B. Priyanka","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_161_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_161_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identifying factors related to oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) helps to plan effective oral health programs among elderly population. Aim: The aim was to assess OHRQoL and factors related to it among elderly population in Davanagere city. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey involved a multistage stratified sample of 380 elderly population aged 60 years and above in Davanagere city. Data related to demographic details and general and oral health-related factors, nutritional status, and geriatric OHRQoL of study participants were recorded using a study pro forma, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form Index, and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), respectively. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) was used for statistical analysis. The significant level was fixed at P < 0.05. Chi-square test, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation tests, and multiple linear regression analysis tests were applied for data analysis. Results: The participants had good OHRQoL (mean GOHAI = 40.66 ± 7.29). The GOHAI was significantly (P < 0.05) negatively correlated with age, systemic problems, number of missing teeth, source of income, and medications and was positively correlated with nutritional status, occupation, and pan chewing. Age, medical problems, missing teeth, nutritional status, and occupation were significant predictors of GOHAI. (F = 26.36, P < 0.00, r2 = 0.36, B [Constant] =48.65 [confidence interval 33.85–63.46]). Conclusion: Clinicians, public health workers, and policy makers can focus on significant predictors of GOHAI for planning community-based programs targeted at improving OHRQoL of elderly population.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"362 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49646583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_257_22
P. Kumar
{"title":"From editors desk","authors":"P. Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_257_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_257_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"331 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44512200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Anganwadi workers are grassroots-level health activists who are involved in health education and community mobilization and form a bond between the community and the primary health-care delivery system in India. The cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the dental health-care utilization and to estimate the dentition and periodontal status of ASHA and Anganwadi workers. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the primary health centers and subcenters of Lucknow District. ASHA and Anganwadi workers presented on the day of the examination were included in the study. The study pro forma was used to record demographic details and dental utilization. Dentition status and periodontal status were used to record dental caries and periodontal status using the World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form 2013. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21; descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and regression analysis were used to assess factors related to health-care utilization and P < 0.005 was considered statistically significant. Results: The final study sample comprised 500 health-care workers (220 ASHA and 280 Anganwadi workers). Among the study population, 30% utilized dental services and was found to be statistically significant with age, occupation, and oral findings. However, 56.0% had both dental caries and periodontal diseases followed by dental caries‒32.0%, periodontal disease‒8.0%. There was a significant difference (P < 0.005) in the proportion of dental care utilization and oral diseases among participants. Conclusions: The dental care utilization was found to be short and is not comparative to the diseases among participants.
{"title":"Utilization of dental health-care services by accredited social health activist and anganwadi workers in lucknow district: A cross-sectional study","authors":"DyashwariDevi Khoisnam, LVamsi Krishna Reddy, Pooja Sinha, BS Goutham, Sonali Saha","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_168_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_168_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Anganwadi workers are grassroots-level health activists who are involved in health education and community mobilization and form a bond between the community and the primary health-care delivery system in India. The cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the dental health-care utilization and to estimate the dentition and periodontal status of ASHA and Anganwadi workers. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the primary health centers and subcenters of Lucknow District. ASHA and Anganwadi workers presented on the day of the examination were included in the study. The study pro forma was used to record demographic details and dental utilization. Dentition status and periodontal status were used to record dental caries and periodontal status using the World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form 2013. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21; descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and regression analysis were used to assess factors related to health-care utilization and P < 0.005 was considered statistically significant. Results: The final study sample comprised 500 health-care workers (220 ASHA and 280 Anganwadi workers). Among the study population, 30% utilized dental services and was found to be statistically significant with age, occupation, and oral findings. However, 56.0% had both dental caries and periodontal diseases followed by dental caries‒32.0%, periodontal disease‒8.0%. There was a significant difference (P < 0.005) in the proportion of dental care utilization and oral diseases among participants. Conclusions: The dental care utilization was found to be short and is not comparative to the diseases among participants.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"252 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42698048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_197_21
Pooja Latti, R. Subramaniam, S. Basha, G. Prashant, PG Naveen Kumar, Sushanth V. Hirekalmath
Background: A wide group of microorganisms is identified from carious lesions, of which Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus are the main pathogenic species involved in the initiation and propagation of dental caries. Mouthrinses can deliver therapeutic ingredients and benefits to all accessible surfaces in the mouth. With the increasing use of drugs, microorganisms are attaining resistance to commonly used antibiotics, which leads to the downfall of the effectiveness of conventional medicines, and therefore, a search for new antimicrobial agents has become necessary. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of mouthwashes containing garlic extract (GE), tea tree oil (TTO), and chlorhexidine (CHX) on salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus. Methods: An in vivo parallel study was conducted among 90 18–25-year-old subjects. GE (2.5%) and TTO (0.2%) mouthwashes were prepared for use in the study. Commercially available CHX mouthwash (0.12%) was used as a positive control. The study duration was 5 weeks. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups with 30 participants in each group. To assess the residual effects following discontinuation of mouthwashes, saliva samples were collected on the 18th and 24th days. One-way ANOVA was used to assess the mean colony difference. Results: No significant difference in the counts of S. mutans and Lactobacillus was observed at baseline and 6th day between all the three groups. On the 12th day, the highest reduction in S. mutans and Lactobacillus counts was observed following the use of TTO mouthwash, followed by CHX mouthwash. The reduction in the count of S. mutans was significantly higher in the TTO group on the 24th day comparable to the garlic mouthwash group, followed by the CHX mouthwash group. Conclusion: Both GE and TTO mouthwashes demonstrated a significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and Lactobacillus in vivo, with TTO demonstrating the greatest effect.
{"title":"Antibacterial activity of garlic extract, tea tree oil, and its mouthwashes against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus: An In vivo study","authors":"Pooja Latti, R. Subramaniam, S. Basha, G. Prashant, PG Naveen Kumar, Sushanth V. Hirekalmath","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_197_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_197_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A wide group of microorganisms is identified from carious lesions, of which Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus are the main pathogenic species involved in the initiation and propagation of dental caries. Mouthrinses can deliver therapeutic ingredients and benefits to all accessible surfaces in the mouth. With the increasing use of drugs, microorganisms are attaining resistance to commonly used antibiotics, which leads to the downfall of the effectiveness of conventional medicines, and therefore, a search for new antimicrobial agents has become necessary. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of mouthwashes containing garlic extract (GE), tea tree oil (TTO), and chlorhexidine (CHX) on salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus. Methods: An in vivo parallel study was conducted among 90 18–25-year-old subjects. GE (2.5%) and TTO (0.2%) mouthwashes were prepared for use in the study. Commercially available CHX mouthwash (0.12%) was used as a positive control. The study duration was 5 weeks. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups with 30 participants in each group. To assess the residual effects following discontinuation of mouthwashes, saliva samples were collected on the 18th and 24th days. One-way ANOVA was used to assess the mean colony difference. Results: No significant difference in the counts of S. mutans and Lactobacillus was observed at baseline and 6th day between all the three groups. On the 12th day, the highest reduction in S. mutans and Lactobacillus counts was observed following the use of TTO mouthwash, followed by CHX mouthwash. The reduction in the count of S. mutans was significantly higher in the TTO group on the 24th day comparable to the garlic mouthwash group, followed by the CHX mouthwash group. Conclusion: Both GE and TTO mouthwashes demonstrated a significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and Lactobacillus in vivo, with TTO demonstrating the greatest effect.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"271 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41525557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_216_21
S. Sarkar, D. Singh, Riddhi Awasthi
Background: Dental school is a stressful experience for students as they face wide-ranging challenges related to patient care and pursuing academic excellence. Aim: The aim of the study is to estimate the psychological stress levels and its sources among undergraduate students at dental colleges in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a sample of 308 undergraduate students in their 3rd year, 4th year, and internship from three private dental schools in Odisha. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed where participants marked the stress levels caused by various academic and nonacademic stressors on a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). Demographic data of gender and year of study were also collected on the same questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS v27 was used to compute descriptive statistics, to perform tests for reliability and validity of the survey instrument and to perform two sample t-test for comparison of stressors with gender and one-way ANOVA for comparison of stressors year of study as factors. Results: Of the 300 completed questionnaires submitted, 49.7% of the participants were males (n = 151) and 50.3% were females (n = 149). Third-year students reported moderate stresses (mean stress >=3) due to factors related to curriculum structure, long classroom hours, reduced recreation time, homesickness, and hostel food. Fourth-year students reported severe stress (mean stress >=4) originating from stressors like completion of clinical quota and comparison with other professions. Interns reported severe stress (mean stress >=4) originating from stressors like family's expectations and fear of failure. There was a statistically significant difference in female participants who reported elevated stress compared to their male counterparts in dealing with stress related to workload and training (P = 0.008, two-tailed two-sample t-test). Conclusions: Students reported most stress originating from issues related to clinical workload burden, comparison with peers, family expectations, and personal relationship issues. We recommend that dentistry schools act with urgency to alleviate severe stressors with the formation of student advisory committees and appointment of counselors who can advocate for dental students' psychological well-being.
{"title":"Assessment of perceived stress levels and its sources among indian students in Dental Colleges of Odisha - A cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Sarkar, D. Singh, Riddhi Awasthi","doi":"10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_216_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_216_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dental school is a stressful experience for students as they face wide-ranging challenges related to patient care and pursuing academic excellence. Aim: The aim of the study is to estimate the psychological stress levels and its sources among undergraduate students at dental colleges in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a sample of 308 undergraduate students in their 3rd year, 4th year, and internship from three private dental schools in Odisha. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed where participants marked the stress levels caused by various academic and nonacademic stressors on a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). Demographic data of gender and year of study were also collected on the same questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS v27 was used to compute descriptive statistics, to perform tests for reliability and validity of the survey instrument and to perform two sample t-test for comparison of stressors with gender and one-way ANOVA for comparison of stressors year of study as factors. Results: Of the 300 completed questionnaires submitted, 49.7% of the participants were males (n = 151) and 50.3% were females (n = 149). Third-year students reported moderate stresses (mean stress >=3) due to factors related to curriculum structure, long classroom hours, reduced recreation time, homesickness, and hostel food. Fourth-year students reported severe stress (mean stress >=4) originating from stressors like completion of clinical quota and comparison with other professions. Interns reported severe stress (mean stress >=4) originating from stressors like family's expectations and fear of failure. There was a statistically significant difference in female participants who reported elevated stress compared to their male counterparts in dealing with stress related to workload and training (P = 0.008, two-tailed two-sample t-test). Conclusions: Students reported most stress originating from issues related to clinical workload burden, comparison with peers, family expectations, and personal relationship issues. We recommend that dentistry schools act with urgency to alleviate severe stressors with the formation of student advisory committees and appointment of counselors who can advocate for dental students' psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":16001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":"234 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45418597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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