T. Tonka, Dagmar Stehlíková, L. Walterová, V. Čurn
We introduced here the first loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the identification of honey fungus, Armillaria ostoyae, a basidiomycote playing an important role in spruce declines in the Palaearctic region. In total, 101 isolates, representing three Armillaria species, were used to develop a new LAMP assay to determine species specific identification. We have here described LAMP primers enhanced with fluorescent dye that are able to amplify A. ostoyae DNA and detect fungi in a fast single step reaction. The detection limit of LAMP was 1 pg of genomic DNA per reaction. We optimized a new LAMP assay for the rapid detection of A. ostoyae using the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) marker and fluorescence labelled oligonucleotide assimilating probe. The LAMP assay does not require any specialized equipment, hence it can be used in the field for the rapid detection of A. ostoyae even using the portable and mobile device. The specificity of the assay was confirmed by the use of A. ostoyae strains and Armillaria cepistipes and Armillaria gallica strains, respectively. In conclusion, the assay could be a rapid, specific, sensitive and low-cost tool for identification of A. ostoyae as well as the first step for expansion of this method in practical applications.
{"title":"Development of loop mediated isothermal amplification for rapid species detection of Armillaria ostoyae using assimilating probe","authors":"T. Tonka, Dagmar Stehlíková, L. Walterová, V. Čurn","doi":"10.17221/161/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/161/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"We introduced here the first loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the identification of honey fungus, Armillaria ostoyae, a basidiomycote playing an important role in spruce declines in the Palaearctic region. In total, 101 isolates, representing three Armillaria species, were used to develop a new LAMP assay to determine species specific identification. We have here described LAMP primers enhanced with fluorescent dye that are able to amplify A. ostoyae DNA and detect fungi in a fast single step reaction. The detection limit of LAMP was 1 pg of genomic DNA per reaction. We optimized a new LAMP assay for the rapid detection of A. ostoyae using the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) marker and fluorescence labelled oligonucleotide assimilating probe. The LAMP assay does not require any specialized equipment, hence it can be used in the field for the rapid detection of A. ostoyae even using the portable and mobile device. The specificity of the assay was confirmed by the use of A. ostoyae strains and Armillaria cepistipes and Armillaria gallica strains, respectively. In conclusion, the assay could be a rapid, specific, sensitive and low-cost tool for identification of A. ostoyae as well as the first step for expansion of this method in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73795706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bio-based and biodegradable plastics produced from wood residues can have a positive impact on the environment by replacing conventional plastics. However, the current bioplastics market is held back by a lack of available information and weak marketing activities aimed at final consumers. To increase the available information, the present study investigated the consumers’ attitudes and behaviours towards bioplastic products. A web-based survey was conducted on a sample of potential consumers in Italy. 1 115 consumers filled out the questionnaire with a dropout rate in compilation of 14%. The results showed that the environmental characteristics of bioplastics (lower impact on climate change and renewable sources used to produce them) are considered more important by respondents than the non-environmental characteristics (technical properties, origin of raw material, potential trade-off between bioplastics and food production). The results highlighted that the most important behavioural factor is the purchase intentions, followed by control of perceived cost and subjective norm. It is interesting to emphasize that the cost of bioplastics compared to conventional plastics is a key variable in the choices of many Italian consumers. The results provided can be useful to the manufacturing industries to better understand the consumers’ attitudes towards bioplastics.
{"title":"Behaviours and attitudes of consumers towards bioplastics: An exploratory study in Italy","authors":"S. Notaro, A. Paletto, Elisabetta Lovera","doi":"10.17221/26/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/26/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-based and biodegradable plastics produced from wood residues can have a positive impact on the environment by replacing conventional plastics. However, the current bioplastics market is held back by a lack of available information and weak marketing activities aimed at final consumers. To increase the available information, the present study investigated the consumers’ attitudes and behaviours towards bioplastic products. A web-based survey was conducted on a sample of potential consumers in Italy. 1 115 consumers filled out the questionnaire with a dropout rate in compilation of 14%. The results showed that the environmental characteristics of bioplastics (lower impact on climate change and renewable sources used to produce them) are considered more important by respondents than the non-environmental characteristics (technical properties, origin of raw material, potential trade-off between bioplastics and food production). The results highlighted that the most important behavioural factor is the purchase intentions, followed by control of perceived cost and subjective norm. It is interesting to emphasize that the cost of bioplastics compared to conventional plastics is a key variable in the choices of many Italian consumers. The results provided can be useful to the manufacturing industries to better understand the consumers’ attitudes towards bioplastics.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90384814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pástor, Jaroslav Jankovič, Martin Belko, J. Modranský
The main objective of this study was to assess the growth of the established Paulownia cotevisa plantation during an extended time period and compare it with values reviewed in the literature. Seven years after planting, mean diameter at breast height and height of the aboveground part of P. cotevisa 2® (P. cotevisa) plantation were similar to values reported in the literature and they reached 21.5 cm and 11.2 m, respectively. Besides the crown damage caused by wind, development of the P. cotevisa plantation established in the Danubian Lowland was not affected by any other harmful environmental factor or biological pest. The results suggest that P. cotevisa could be used to a larger extent in diversification of biomass production on abandoned arable lands of the Danubian Lowland.
{"title":"Evaluation of selected growth parameters of Paulownia cotevisa plantation in the Danubian Lowland","authors":"M. Pástor, Jaroslav Jankovič, Martin Belko, J. Modranský","doi":"10.17221/155/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/155/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to assess the growth of the established Paulownia cotevisa plantation during an extended time period and compare it with values reviewed in the literature. Seven years after planting, mean diameter at breast height and height of the aboveground part of P. cotevisa 2® (P. cotevisa) plantation were similar to values reported in the literature and they reached 21.5 cm and 11.2 m, respectively. Besides the crown damage caused by wind, development of the P. cotevisa plantation established in the Danubian Lowland was not affected by any other harmful environmental factor or biological pest. The results suggest that P. cotevisa could be used to a larger extent in diversification of biomass production on abandoned arable lands of the Danubian Lowland.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83506045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research is the identification of burned forest areas that occurred in Syria from September 2nd to October 15th, 2020. Forest fire risk classes were determined using Sentinel-2 images. Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), and Burned Area Index for Sentinel-2 (BAIS2), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used for the identification how much the forests have been destroyed and to establish fire risk classes. According to the study results, the size of the vegetation area that was destroyed due to fire was determined, and the probability of the forest fire exposure of these areas was established. The fires also altered some chemical properties in the soil during the combustion process. Thus, this study was focused on the impact of fire on the availability of soil nutrients. Soil samples were collected from three depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm) under the forest land a month after the fire in three locations: Al-Fazeen, Sawda and Gard Al-rihan. Pine (Pinus brutia) trees cover these areas. The results of this study indicated that the fire increased pH, EC and sand, the fire also led to an increase in the solubility of the available major soil elements N, P and K. There was an increase in the solubility of the soil microelements Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe while the content of organic material and silt and clay ratio decreased at the three sites in comparison with unburned soil.
{"title":"Burned area determination using Sentinel-2 satellite images and the impact of fire on the availability of soil nutrients in Syria","authors":"Rukea Al-hasn, Raed Almuhammad","doi":"10.17221/122/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/122/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is the identification of burned forest areas that occurred in Syria from September 2nd to October 15th, 2020. Forest fire risk classes were determined using Sentinel-2 images. Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR), and Burned Area Index for Sentinel-2 (BAIS2), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used for the identification how much the forests have been destroyed and to establish fire risk classes. According to the study results, the size of the vegetation area that was destroyed due to fire was determined, and the probability of the forest fire exposure of these areas was established. The fires also altered some chemical properties in the soil during the combustion process. Thus, this study was focused on the impact of fire on the availability of soil nutrients. Soil samples were collected from three depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm) under the forest land a month after the fire in three locations: Al-Fazeen, Sawda and Gard Al-rihan. Pine (Pinus brutia) trees cover these areas. The results of this study indicated that the fire increased pH, EC and sand, the fire also led to an increase in the solubility of the available major soil elements N, P and K. There was an increase in the solubility of the soil microelements Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe while the content of organic material and silt and clay ratio decreased at the three sites in comparison with unburned soil.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88802773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the measurements of the biomass of the stems of 3 699 trees of Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver birch in Europe since 1950, it has been shown that these tree species show a reduction in biomass and wood density. These results contradict the fact that the volume of wood is directly converted to biomass using the historical values of the conversion rates. From 1950 to 2020 the biomass of 1 m3 of the stem with bark decreased on average by 80 kg (–17%) for Scots pine, by 105 kg (–22%) for Norway spruce and by 92 kg (–15%) for silver birch. The results obtained should be taken into account when assessing the technical properties of wood and estimating carbon sequestration by forest biomass. Since decreasing trends in stem biomass have been identified for several tree species, the phenomenon may have a large degree of generality. Such studies should be continued both at the regional and national level and at the global level.
{"title":"Changes of tree stem biomass in European forests since 1950","authors":"A. Lebedev, V. Kuzmichev","doi":"10.17221/135/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/135/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the measurements of the biomass of the stems of 3 699 trees of Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver birch in Europe since 1950, it has been shown that these tree species show a reduction in biomass and wood density. These results contradict the fact that the volume of wood is directly converted to biomass using the historical values of the conversion rates. From 1950 to 2020 the biomass of 1 m3 of the stem with bark decreased on average by 80 kg (–17%) for Scots pine, by 105 kg (–22%) for Norway spruce and by 92 kg (–15%) for silver birch. The results obtained should be taken into account when assessing the technical properties of wood and estimating carbon sequestration by forest biomass. Since decreasing trends in stem biomass have been identified for several tree species, the phenomenon may have a large degree of generality. Such studies should be continued both at the regional and national level and at the global level.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75055939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The forest sector development in Uruguay has been based on planted forest areas, mainly with eucalyptus and pine. The Parliament passed the Forestry Law in 1987 and since then the sector has been growing rapidly. The objective of the study is to analyse the contribution of the forest sector in the Uruguayan economy, its evolution between 1997 and 2018 and its distribution in recent years. The research used information from the new National Accounts released by the Central Bank of Uruguay, and, in this framework, the forest sector is studied for the main macroeconomic variables and production. The results show that in the period 1997–2018, while the Uruguayan economy grew 2.6% in constant terms, on average, the forest sector grew 7.6% on average, with peaks in 2007–2008 and 2013–2015. In 2016, the forest production was allocated to exports (46.76%), which surpassed intermediate use (43.05%) after initial operations of the second pulp mill in the country. Furthermore, forest exports represented 10.5% of the country’s total exports of goods and services, showing an exporter profile.
{"title":"Contribution of the forest sector to the Uruguayan economy: A first approach with National Accounts","authors":"V. Morales, Ernesto Pienika","doi":"10.17221/149/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/149/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"The forest sector development in Uruguay has been based on planted forest areas, mainly with eucalyptus and pine. The Parliament passed the Forestry Law in 1987 and since then the sector has been growing rapidly. The objective of the study is to analyse the contribution of the forest sector in the Uruguayan economy, its evolution between 1997 and 2018 and its distribution in recent years. The research used information from the new National Accounts released by the Central Bank of Uruguay, and, in this framework, the forest sector is studied for the main macroeconomic variables and production. The results show that in the period 1997–2018, while the Uruguayan economy grew 2.6% in constant terms, on average, the forest sector grew 7.6% on average, with peaks in 2007–2008 and 2013–2015. In 2016, the forest production was allocated to exports (46.76%), which surpassed intermediate use (43.05%) after initial operations of the second pulp mill in the country. Furthermore, forest exports represented 10.5% of the country’s total exports of goods and services, showing an exporter profile.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89965731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Panda, D. Bhardwaj, C. Thakur, Prashant Sharma, Dhirender Kumar
Identification of the species for dendrochronological studies is of great relevance to understand various aspects of climate change. However, in the northwestern Himalayan region, dendroclimatological investigations are confined to conifer species, with broadleaved species being disregarded. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the growth response of seven multipurpose tree species (MPTs), namely Bauhinia variegata, Celtis australis, Grewia optiva, Paulownia fortunei, Toona ciliata, Ulmus villosa and Melia composita to local climate variables, viz. temperature as well as rainfall (seasonal, monthly, average) and CO2 level by evaluating the climatic signal in tree ring chronologies at Solan district, India (altitude 1 250 m) in the mid-hills of the northwestern Himalayas. The results indicated that only the maximum, rainy season temperature and CO2 level varied significantly (P < 0.05) between 1991 and 2017. Only G. optiva exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) tendency toward increased growth. C. australis has a remarkable negative correlation with temperature variables, viz. average, maximum, spring season, March temperature, whereas T. ciliata exhibits a positive correlation with temperature variables, such as rainy season, average and April temperature. Similarly, winter, total and December rainfall have a profound effect on P. fortunei, while March rainfall adversely affected the growth of B. variegata. On the other hand, G. optiva demonstrated sensitivity to both temperature (February and May) and rainfall variables (winter, February and May). U. villosa recorded a positive correlation with rainfall (autumn and October rainfall) but a negative correlation with temperature variables (maximum and April temperature). Elevated CO2 levels affected only two species (G. optiva, M. composita) out of the seven selected species. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the climate growth relationships of investigated tree species, as a result, to more accurate projections of the effects of climate change on these MPTs and directing future studies.
{"title":"Growth response of seven multipurpose tree species to climatic factors: A case study from northwestern Himalayas, India","authors":"S. Panda, D. Bhardwaj, C. Thakur, Prashant Sharma, Dhirender Kumar","doi":"10.17221/159/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/159/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of the species for dendrochronological studies is of great relevance to understand various aspects of climate change. However, in the northwestern Himalayan region, dendroclimatological investigations are confined to conifer species, with broadleaved species being disregarded. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the growth response of seven multipurpose tree species (MPTs), namely Bauhinia variegata, Celtis australis, Grewia optiva, Paulownia fortunei, Toona ciliata, Ulmus villosa and Melia composita to local climate variables, viz. temperature as well as rainfall (seasonal, monthly, average) and CO2 level by evaluating the climatic signal in tree ring chronologies at Solan district, India (altitude 1 250 m) in the mid-hills of the northwestern Himalayas. The results indicated that only the maximum, rainy season temperature and CO2 level varied significantly (P < 0.05) between 1991 and 2017. Only G. optiva exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) tendency toward increased growth. C. australis has a remarkable negative correlation with temperature variables, viz. average, maximum, spring season, March temperature, whereas T. ciliata exhibits a positive correlation with temperature variables, such as rainy season, average and April temperature. Similarly, winter, total and December rainfall have a profound effect on P. fortunei, while March rainfall adversely affected the growth of B. variegata. On the other hand, G. optiva demonstrated sensitivity to both temperature (February and May) and rainfall variables (winter, February and May). U. villosa recorded a positive correlation with rainfall (autumn and October rainfall) but a negative correlation with temperature variables (maximum and April temperature). Elevated CO2 levels affected only two species (G. optiva, M. composita) out of the seven selected species. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the climate growth relationships of investigated tree species, as a result, to more accurate projections of the effects of climate change on these MPTs and directing future studies.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88964639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Klára Košinová, R. Policht, O. Matějka, V. Hanzal, M. Ježek, T. Kušta, V. Hart
Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) is one of the most discussed game species, distributed across Europe, therefore the management of this species is considered important. This management should be based on data presented, population quality and preferences and craniometric dimensions show the development of the individual and its prosperity. A sample of 148 male and 153 female wild boar mandibles was studied to compare differences in craniometric measurements, especially to find out wild boar environmental demands and population trends. The width of the caput mandibulae and angle of the mandible showed significant difference between males and females. Measurements analysed with forest area size and other data also showed that larger craniometric dimensions were reached in hunting areas with at least 200 ha of forested area, which may be due to the wild boar’s need for safety and vegetative cover in the first months of piglet development with respect to its home range. The development of young wild boar is dependent on rest and shelter in the first months of life. A forest cover of at least 200 ha appears to be sufficient in this respect. Information on habitat preferences and individual development can lead to improvements in wild boar management.
{"title":"What does the mandible say about wild boar: Ontogenetic development, sexual dimorphism and habitat preferences","authors":"Klára Košinová, R. Policht, O. Matějka, V. Hanzal, M. Ježek, T. Kušta, V. Hart","doi":"10.17221/128/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/128/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) is one of the most discussed game species, distributed across Europe, therefore the management of this species is considered important. This management should be based on data presented, population quality and preferences and craniometric dimensions show the development of the individual and its prosperity. A sample of 148 male and 153 female wild boar mandibles was studied to compare differences in craniometric measurements, especially to find out wild boar environmental demands and population trends. The width of the caput mandibulae and angle of the mandible showed significant difference between males and females. Measurements analysed with forest area size and other data also showed that larger craniometric dimensions were reached in hunting areas with at least 200 ha of forested area, which may be due to the wild boar’s need for safety and vegetative cover in the first months of piglet development with respect to its home range. The development of young wild boar is dependent on rest and shelter in the first months of life. A forest cover of at least 200 ha appears to be sufficient in this respect. Information on habitat preferences and individual development can lead to improvements in wild boar management.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78975932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, the time consumption of a CF Moto Gladiator 800 all-terrain vehicle (ATV) with a Vahva Jussi 1500/320 log trailer was researched by the timber forwarding in the forests of the Eagle Mountains in the Czech Republic. The study was conducted in an area with a minimal slope, the terrain was full of obstacles, the average forwarding distance was 480 m, while the random harvesting of trees affected by bark beetle was carried out in the forest. A total of 81 forwarding cycles were measured. The elemental time study method and stepwise regression analysis were applied to develop the forwarding time prediction model. In the study, it was found that the total forwarding cycle time is mostly influenced by the forwarding distance and the number of logs loaded. The total average time per forwarding cycle was 22.53 min, of which an average of 40% was transport time and 60% was time for loading and unloading of logs. An average of 1.43 m3 of timber was forwarded per forwarding cycle. Therefore, the estimated productivity of the ATV forwarder was 3.89 m3·h–1.
本研究以一辆CF Moto Gladiator 800全地形车(ATV)和一辆Vahva Jussi 1500/320原木拖车为研究对象，在捷克共和国Eagle Mountains的森林中进行木材运输。本研究选取坡度最小的区域，地形充满障碍物，平均前进距离为480 m，在森林中随机采伐受树皮甲虫影响的树木。共检测到81个转发周期。采用元素时间研究方法和逐步回归分析建立了转发时间预测模型。研究发现，总的转发周期时间主要受转发距离和日志加载数量的影响。每个转发周期的总平均时间为22.53 min，其中平均40%为运输时间，60%为日志装卸时间。每个转发周期平均转发1.43立方米的木材。因此，ATV货代的生产率估计为3.89 m3·h-1。
{"title":"Time study of an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) with a forwarding trailer in the Eagle Mountains in the Czech Republic","authors":"Zbyněk Kincl","doi":"10.17221/148/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/148/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the time consumption of a CF Moto Gladiator 800 all-terrain vehicle (ATV) with a Vahva Jussi 1500/320 log trailer was researched by the timber forwarding in the forests of the Eagle Mountains in the Czech Republic. The study was conducted in an area with a minimal slope, the terrain was full of obstacles, the average forwarding distance was 480 m, while the random harvesting of trees affected by bark beetle was carried out in the forest. A total of 81 forwarding cycles were measured. The elemental time study method and stepwise regression analysis were applied to develop the forwarding time prediction model. In the study, it was found that the total forwarding cycle time is mostly influenced by the forwarding distance and the number of logs loaded. The total average time per forwarding cycle was 22.53 min, of which an average of 40% was transport time and 60% was time for loading and unloading of logs. An average of 1.43 m3 of timber was forwarded per forwarding cycle. Therefore, the estimated productivity of the ATV forwarder was 3.89 m3·h–1.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73654761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article proposes new technological techniques for clear cutting in swampy areas using standing skylines, new construction of yarder and the technology of its operation. As a result of the research on using the Larix 3T-500 cable yarder in winter and summer, the operational negative peculiarities of tower yarder in waterlogged forests were identified. Analysing data on experimental comparative time studies, some measures to reduce the negative effect of the identified features on yarding, felling, lateral yarding were worked out. General recommendations for work performance in swampy logging areas were developed. Based on the initial data for each bundle (yarding distance, lateral yarding distance, average volume of the bundle, etc.) the calculation in the MathCad program was performed and a regression dependence of the yarder performance was obtained. Obtained numerical data on comparative time studies of the working cycle operations were summarized in bar charts, taking into account the loss of time on operations.
{"title":"New technological solutions for waterlogged forests by cable yarding","authors":"Artsiom Shoshyn, P. Protas, V. Štollmann","doi":"10.17221/94/2021-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/94/2021-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes new technological techniques for clear cutting in swampy areas using standing skylines, new construction of yarder and the technology of its operation. As a result of the research on using the Larix 3T-500 cable yarder in winter and summer, the operational negative peculiarities of tower yarder in waterlogged forests were identified. Analysing data on experimental comparative time studies, some measures to reduce the negative effect of the identified features on yarding, felling, lateral yarding were worked out. General recommendations for work performance in swampy logging areas were developed. Based on the initial data for each bundle (yarding distance, lateral yarding distance, average volume of the bundle, etc.) the calculation in the MathCad program was performed and a regression dependence of the yarder performance was obtained. Obtained numerical data on comparative time studies of the working cycle operations were summarized in bar charts, taking into account the loss of time on operations.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81805906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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