Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00023.4
M.V. Patel, H. Chauhan, B. Chandel, P. Kumar, A.C. Patel, S. Patel, M. D. Shrimali, A. Dadawala, K. K. Sharma
{"title":"Effect of Toll Like Receptor Agonists on Adaptive Immune Response Generated Against Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken","authors":"M.V. Patel, H. Chauhan, B. Chandel, P. Kumar, A.C. Patel, S. Patel, M. D. Shrimali, A. Dadawala, K. K. Sharma","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00023.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91099675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00020.9
N. Kuntal, S. Agarwal, R. Chauhan
{"title":"Immunopathological Effects of Nano Alumina on Humoral Immune Response in White Leghorns Chickens","authors":"N. Kuntal, S. Agarwal, R. Chauhan","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00020.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00020.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79552110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00006.4
N. Kohli, R. Chauhan
{"title":"Type III Hypersensitivity-Related Disorders in Animals","authors":"N. Kohli, R. Chauhan","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00006.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2020.00006.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"74 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74307467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00012.1
D. Moorthy, N. Mishra, S. Kalaiyarasu, S. K. Jhade, Vijendra Singh
{"title":"HoBi-like Pestivirus (HoBiPeV), An Emerging Bovine Pestivirus Does Not Use Non-classical Endocytic Mechanisms for Entry into Ovine Cells","authors":"D. Moorthy, N. Mishra, S. Kalaiyarasu, S. K. Jhade, Vijendra Singh","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00012.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00012.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84985447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00010.8
Naveen Kumar, S. Bhatia, R. Sood, A. Pateriya, Y. Malik
One of the most challenging research areas in biology is to understand the complex immune system and the computational tools have played a pivotal role in increasing the pace of research in the field of immunology. Thus, applications of computational methods and tools in unravelling the complex immune system and thereof translating the understanding in solving the immunological problems have given rise of a new field, immunoinformatics. Among the diverse areas of research, prediction of B-and T-cell epitopes is being considered one of the major and potential translational applications of immunoinformatics. It is now possible to identify and characterise an individual's MHC allotype based on the whole genome sequencing, which is an essential and a preliminary component in designing effective vaccines and therapeutics. The potential in silico epitopes prediction methods have been developed that have made epitope mapping an easy task by decreasing the list of potential epitope candidates for experimental testing. Here, we review a range of immunoinformatics tools developed and available online for public use freely, with an emphasis on B-and T-cell epitopes prediction. We also highlight the various algorithms and methods that formed the basis of important immunoinformatics tools and discuss their strengths and weakness.
{"title":"Immunoinformatics: Where Immunology Meets Bioinformatics","authors":"Naveen Kumar, S. Bhatia, R. Sood, A. Pateriya, Y. Malik","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00010.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00010.8","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging research areas in biology is to understand the complex immune system and the computational tools have played a pivotal role in increasing the pace of research in the field of immunology. Thus, applications of computational methods and tools in unravelling the complex immune system and thereof translating the understanding in solving the immunological problems have given rise of a new field, immunoinformatics. Among the diverse areas of research, prediction of B-and T-cell epitopes is being considered one of the major and potential translational applications of immunoinformatics. It is now possible to identify and characterise an individual's MHC allotype based on the whole genome sequencing, which is an essential and a preliminary component in designing effective vaccines and therapeutics. The potential in silico epitopes prediction methods have been developed that have made epitope mapping an easy task by decreasing the list of potential epitope candidates for experimental testing. Here, we review a range of immunoinformatics tools developed and available online for public use freely, with an emphasis on B-and T-cell epitopes prediction. We also highlight the various algorithms and methods that formed the basis of important immunoinformatics tools and discuss their strengths and weakness.","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89846829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00013.3
Amandeep, M. Batra, S. Yadav
{"title":"Pathomorphological Changes during Amelioration of Lead Induced Toxicity in Chickens by Withania somnifera","authors":"Amandeep, M. Batra, S. Yadav","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00013.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00013.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73237990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00011.x
Pooja Singh, A. Kamboj, R. Chauhan
{"title":"Autoimmune Disorders in Animals: A Mini Review","authors":"Pooja Singh, A. Kamboj, R. Chauhan","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00011.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00011.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84774115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00002.9
K. Shodhan, N. Mewari, R. Chauhan
Autophagy is a lysosome involved degradation system by which the cytoplasmic components of the cells are recycled. In response to acute stress like starvation and exercise, autophagy is activated. It degrades organelles and proteins to provide energy and metabolites for its pro-survival effects. These degraded organelles include longlived and malformed proteins, organelles damaged during biosynthesis. Thus, it helps to rejuvenate organs and clear out the junk and toxins that builds up, proving to have beneficial effects on the health. Thus, channelling this innate process of cleansing for maximal health benefits is necessary, without overdoing it which otherwise may cause unnecessary stress. This autophagy can be regulated by various therapies like drugs and daily routine activities. While many drugs target these pathways, we can control them naturally through diet and exercise. Indian System of Health Management advocates an ideal lifestyle which is applicable for all culture and geography through which autophagy can be regulated. Ayurveda with its objective ‘Swasthya Rakshanam’ meaning maintenance of health emphasises the importance of good lifestyle. These systems contain various daily routine practices to help in inducing autophagy in the body which helps in rejuvenate body organs. They provide us with a stimulus for autophagy to create more beneficial cellular components (like in our immune system) or a stimulus to remove more harmful ones (like faulty cells and cancer). These include methods like fasting (upavasam) in Ayurveda, and yoga techniques mainly Shatkarma which include neti, kunjalkriya, agnisar, nauli, kapalabhati, tratak and shankaprakshalana. Thus, now we can add autophagy in the long list of health benefits and use different system of Indian medicine in regulating it for our health benefits.
{"title":"Autophagy: A New Version of Ancient Indian Health Management System","authors":"K. Shodhan, N. Mewari, R. Chauhan","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00002.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00002.9","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagy is a lysosome involved degradation system by which the cytoplasmic components of the cells are recycled. In response to acute stress like starvation and exercise, autophagy is activated. It degrades organelles and proteins to provide energy and metabolites for its pro-survival effects. These degraded organelles include longlived and malformed proteins, organelles damaged during biosynthesis. Thus, it helps to rejuvenate organs and clear out the junk and toxins that builds up, proving to have beneficial effects on the health. Thus, channelling this innate process of cleansing for maximal health benefits is necessary, without overdoing it which otherwise may cause unnecessary stress. This autophagy can be regulated by various therapies like drugs and daily routine activities. While many drugs target these pathways, we can control them naturally through diet and exercise. Indian System of Health Management advocates an ideal lifestyle which is applicable for all culture and geography through which autophagy can be regulated. Ayurveda with its objective ‘Swasthya Rakshanam’ meaning maintenance of health emphasises the importance of good lifestyle. These systems contain various daily routine practices to help in inducing autophagy in the body which helps in rejuvenate body organs. They provide us with a stimulus for autophagy to create more beneficial cellular components (like in our immune system) or a stimulus to remove more harmful ones (like faulty cells and cancer). These include methods like fasting (upavasam) in Ayurveda, and yoga techniques mainly Shatkarma which include neti, kunjalkriya, agnisar, nauli, kapalabhati, tratak and shankaprakshalana. Thus, now we can add autophagy in the long list of health benefits and use different system of Indian medicine in regulating it for our health benefits.","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82272222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00015.7
S. Bisen, Andleeb Aftab, K. Jeeva, Shobha Yadav, O. K. Raina
{"title":"Molecular Cloning and Expression of Anaplasma marginale Major Surface Protein 5","authors":"S. Bisen, Andleeb Aftab, K. Jeeva, Shobha Yadav, O. K. Raina","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00015.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00015.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83652499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00005.4
A. Madesh, A. Verma, C. K. Athira, Sanjay Gupta, V. Athira, A. Verma, P. Thomas, S. Inbaraj, R. Agarwal, Y. Malik
The present study was undertaken to detect antigens of bovine rotavirus (BoRV), bovine coronavirus (BoCV), E. coli F5 attachment factor and Cryptosporidium from faecal samples of healthy and diarrheic neonatal calves (0–3 months). A total of 132 faecal samples comprising 38 diarrheic and 94 non-diarrheic calf samples collected from various places of North India (Bareilly, Hisar, Meerut and Mathura from August 2015 to May 2018) were screened by using multiplex ELISA kit (Bio-X Diagnostics, Belgium) for antigenic detection of above mentioned pathogens. Study revealed the antigenic detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in 19 (14.39%), rotavirus in 11 (8.33%), coronavirus in 3 (2.27%), E. coli K5 in 2 (1.51%) and samples. Overall, 11 (28.94%) of 38 diarrheic samples and 24 (25.53%) of 94 non-diarrheic samples were positive for different pathogens. A representative number of positive and negative samples were tested by RT-PCR for BoRV and BoCV virus as well as staining for Cryptosporidium spp. The results were consistent with that of multiplex ELISA kit. Therefore, the ELISA technique used in the study was found reliable, simple and quick to use and is particularly suited for analyzing large number of samples.
{"title":"Antigenic Detection of Enteric Pathogens Associated with Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea","authors":"A. Madesh, A. Verma, C. K. Athira, Sanjay Gupta, V. Athira, A. Verma, P. Thomas, S. Inbaraj, R. Agarwal, Y. Malik","doi":"10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00005.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-9149.2019.00005.4","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to detect antigens of bovine rotavirus (BoRV), bovine coronavirus (BoCV), E. coli F5 attachment factor and Cryptosporidium from faecal samples of healthy and diarrheic neonatal calves (0–3 months). A total of 132 faecal samples comprising 38 diarrheic and 94 non-diarrheic calf samples collected from various places of North India (Bareilly, Hisar, Meerut and Mathura from August 2015 to May 2018) were screened by using multiplex ELISA kit (Bio-X Diagnostics, Belgium) for antigenic detection of above mentioned pathogens. Study revealed the antigenic detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in 19 (14.39%), rotavirus in 11 (8.33%), coronavirus in 3 (2.27%), E. coli K5 in 2 (1.51%) and samples. Overall, 11 (28.94%) of 38 diarrheic samples and 24 (25.53%) of 94 non-diarrheic samples were positive for different pathogens. A representative number of positive and negative samples were tested by RT-PCR for BoRV and BoCV virus as well as staining for Cryptosporidium spp. The results were consistent with that of multiplex ELISA kit. Therefore, the ELISA technique used in the study was found reliable, simple and quick to use and is particularly suited for analyzing large number of samples.","PeriodicalId":16062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89811905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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