Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science最新文献

Modeling and Analyzing for Thermal Protection of Firefighters' Glove by Phase Change Material. 相变材料消防手套热防护建模与分析。

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Susan S Xu, Jonisha Pollard, Weihuan Zhao

Firefighter injures caused by burns and thermal stress occupies around 5%-10% of the total injuries annually. Glove is the thinnest/weakest components among the firefighter turnout gear, which can put firefighters, are at risk of severe wrist and hand burns during fire calls. Burns can occur quickly and enhancing the thermal protective performance of firefighters' gloves will prevent these burns. One-dimensional (1D) heat transfer modeling and simulations were performed through the COMSOL Multiphysics software to investigate the improvement of thermal protective performance when integrating a Phase Change Material (PCM) layer into a conventional structural firefighting glove. Parametric studies were conducted to explore the effects of PCM thermal properties, layer thickness, and location in glove structure on hand protection. It was found that a PCM with a higher density, specific heat, and latent heat of fusion had a larger heat capacity and thermal inertia, resulting in better thermal protective performance. The optimum melting point of PCM was found to be in the range of 80°C-140°C. A PCM layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm-1.0 mm showed sufficient thermal protection. The location of the PCM layer should be close to the inner glove surface for high-heat situations. Overall, modeling suggests that the addition of a PCM layer could significantly enhance the thermal protective performance of firefighters' gloves, with results showing increased time (2-4 times as long) for skin to reach second-degree burn temperature when compared to the conventional glove without PCM.

消防员因烧伤和热应激造成的伤害约占每年伤害总数的5%-10%。手套是消防队员出勤装备中最薄/最弱的部件，它可能使消防队员在呼救时手腕和手有严重烧伤的危险。烧伤可以迅速发生，提高消防员手套的热防护性能将防止这些烧伤。通过COMSOL Multiphysics软件进行一维(1D)传热建模和仿真，研究将相变材料(PCM)层集成到传统结构消防手套中对热防护性能的改善。参数研究探讨了PCM热性能、层厚度和手套结构位置对手部保护的影响。结果表明，密度、比热和熔合潜热越高，PCM的热容和热惯性越大，热防护性能越好。PCM的最佳熔点为80℃~ 140℃。厚度为0.5 mm-1.0 mm的PCM层具有良好的热防护效果。在高温情况下，PCM层的位置应靠近手套内表面。总体而言，建模表明，添加PCM层可以显着增强消防员手套的热防护性能，结果显示，与没有PCM的传统手套相比，皮肤达到二度烧伤温度的时间增加(2-4倍)。

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引用次数: 0

Challenges in implementing of school-based recruitment for human biomonitoring research 实施校本招聘人体生物监测研究的挑战

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20190103100230

A. Hadjipanayis, E. Efstathiou, Antonia Hadjieftychiou, L. Demetriou, G. Lavranos, A. Katsonouri

Aims School-based research involves a multi-level process to ensure recruitment of an adequate and reliable sample. The aim of this study is to present the experience of school recruitment of the DEMOCOPHES study in Cyprus. Moreover, methods and strategies to improve recruitment rates are described. Methods The target population of the DEMOCOPHES study was children aged 6-11 years old and their mothers. Cyprus was required to recruit 60 children and their mothers. Random selection of the schools was followed. The information material was provided to the teacher of the selected classes who subsequently distributed it to the children. Personal follow-up contact via telephone call was made with the parents living in the rural areas only. Results Twenty one percent eligibility and consent rate for participation was reached. In schools where parents were followed-up by telephone calls, the response rate was significantly higher compared to those not followed-up by reminders (58% vs 42%, p< 0.05). Conclusions Despite the limitations of applicability and representativity, school-based recruitment has been shown to be a feasible and reliable strategy. It is an attractive approach of enrolling young populations into epidemiological studies. Follow-up reminders via telephone calls significantly increased the response rate.

以学校为基础的研究涉及一个多层次的过程，以确保招募足够和可靠的样本。本研究的目的是介绍塞浦路斯DEMOCOPHES研究的学校招聘经验。此外，还描述了提高招聘率的方法和策略。方法DEMOCOPHES研究的目标人群为6-11岁儿童及其母亲。塞浦路斯被要求征募60名儿童及其母亲。随后随机选择学校。新闻材料已提供给选定班级的教师，由他随后分发给儿童。通过电话与居住在农村地区的父母进行个人随访。结果参试合格率和同意率达到21%。对家长进行电话跟踪的学校，回复率明显高于未进行电话跟踪的学校(58% vs 42%， p< 0.05)。尽管在适用性和代表性方面存在局限性，但校本招聘已被证明是一种可行和可靠的策略。这是一种吸引年轻人参与流行病学研究的方法。通过电话跟进提醒显著提高了回复率。

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引用次数: 0

Occupational Exposure to Mercury in Dental Professionals Performing Mercury Dental Amalgam Restoration Removal Procedures: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Air Quality Risk Assessment Model Supported by In-Vitro Results 牙科专业人员进行汞牙科汞合金修复去除过程中的职业汞暴露:由体外结果支持的计算流体动力学空气质量风险评估模型

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20190618124117

A. Leonard, L. Meunier

Aim: To quantify risks associated with exposure to dental amalgam mercury resulting from aerosolization during and following dental fillings removal procedures performed by dental professional over a lifetime of professional practice. Methods: A computational fluid dynamics model was generated using particle size, density, and compositional data obtained from in-vitro aerosolization experiments simulating the environment and breathing conditions of a dental professional performing a dental amalgam restoration removal procedure. Analysis was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Data was collected in 2018-2019. Results: Experiments reveal that approximately 58% of mercury contained within the amalgam material is vaporized during removal procedures, and that aerosolized particles, ranging in size from 0.85 to 570 microns, may remain in suspension for nearly two minutes in the area surrounding the working surface. For dental professionals performing on average 9 such restorations per week, the estimated chronic daily intake (CDI) of mercury is 49 micrograms/kilogram-day, which exceed by more than 20 times the CDI recommended by the World Health Organization. Data analysis was performed in 2019. Conclusion: Because the CDI exceed recommended safe exposure limits, dental professionals should wear respiratory and personal protective equipment to protect them from exposure to both mercury vapour and mercury-containing particulates for at least two minutes following removal procedures.

目的:量化在牙科专业人员进行牙齿填充物去除手术期间和之后因雾化而暴露于牙科汞合金汞的相关风险。方法:利用从体外雾化实验中获得的颗粒大小、密度和成分数据，模拟牙科专业人员进行牙科汞合金修复去除手术时的环境和呼吸条件，建立计算流体动力学模型。采用扫描电子显微镜和电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱法进行分析。数据收集于2018-2019年。结果:实验表明，汞合金材料中含有的约58%的汞在去除过程中蒸发，并且雾化颗粒的大小从0.85到570微米不等，可能在工作表面周围区域悬浮近两分钟。对于每周平均进行9次这样的修复的牙科专业人员来说，汞的慢性每日摄入量(CDI)估计为49微克/公斤天，超过世界卫生组织推荐的CDI的20多倍。数据分析于2019年进行。结论:由于CDI超过建议的安全暴露限度，牙科专业人员应佩戴呼吸和个人防护设备，以保护他们在去除手术后至少两分钟内不暴露于汞蒸气和含汞颗粒。

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引用次数: 0

Nesting materials may cause pneumonia-like findings in Sprague Dawley rats 筑巢材料可能导致斯普拉格·道利大鼠出现肺炎样症状

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20170523122517

R. Oğur, T. Ogur, B. Uysal, E. Oztaş

Aim/Background: In the studies conducted with laboratory animals, using wood shavings as cage nesting material may have an impact on study results. However, there is not sufficient information on the effects on lungs due to using wood shavings. We have aimed to radiologically and histopathologically examine possible lung pathologies, which can be seen on laboratory animals in which wooden shavings are used as filling materials. Method: In this study, 20 male Sprague Dawley rats have been divided into two groups and put into the cages one by one with and without filling materials. At the beginning and end of the four-week monitoring process, their lung radiographies have been taken. Additionally, their lung tissues have been histopathologically examined at the end of the study, and ion chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses were performed. Results: Pneumonia-like findings were detected in the lungs of animals in cages where wooden shavings are used, and diagnosis has been confirmed histopathologically. Chlorate has been detected both in lungs of animals for which pathology has formerly been detected and in wooden shavings used; 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl has also been detected in wood shavings and pathological lungs. Conclusions: Detected chemicals may contribute to the lung pathology, which is seen on animals in which wooden shavings are used as filling material. It was concluded that avoiding wooden shavings as filling material in the experimental studies conducted with laboratory animals is going to be more reasonable in terms of reliability of results and health of animals.

目的/背景:在对实验动物进行的研究中，使用木屑作为笼子筑巢材料可能会对研究结果产生影响。然而，关于使用木屑对肺部的影响，还没有足够的信息。我们的目的是放射学和组织病理学检查可能的肺部病变，这可以在实验动物中看到，木刨花被用作填充材料。方法:将20只雄性sd大鼠分为两组，分别放入有填充物和无填充物的笼中。在为期四周的监测过程的开始和结束时，他们都拍摄了肺部x光片。此外，在研究结束时对他们的肺组织进行了组织病理学检查，并进行了离子色谱和气相色谱质谱分析。结果:在使用木屑笼的动物肺中检测到肺炎样病变，经组织病理学确诊。氯酸盐在以前已检测出病理的动物的肺部和使用的木刨花中都被检测到;2,2'-亚甲基双[6-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-甲基]也在木屑和病理肺中检测到。结论:检测到的化学物质可能导致肺部病变，这在使用木屑作为填充材料的动物身上可见。由此得出结论，在实验动物实验研究中，从结果的可靠性和动物的健康角度考虑，避免使用木屑作为填充材料更为合理。

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引用次数: 0

Screening of Selected Vegetables from Wudil, Farmlands In Kano State, Nigeria for Organophosphorus and Organochlorine Pesticide Residues. 尼日利亚卡诺州Wudil农场选定蔬菜的有机磷和有机氯农药残留筛选

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20190423035112

C. Ononamadu, M. Barau, K. Salawu, G. Ihegboro, T. Owolarafe, A. T. Lawal, M. L. Oshobu, Paul E Unah

Improper pesticide use in Agriculture in rural areas portends huge health hazard to humans and other biological life forms. This present study was aimed at screening four vegetables randomly sampled from selected farmlands in Wudil, Kano State of Nigeria for pesticide residues and their derivatives with intention of determining possible contamination from pesticides residues. The extraction was carried out by standard procedures and the identification and quantification of pesticide residues were carried out by GC-MS analysis. The result revealed chlorpyrifos (an organophosphorus) as the only known active pesticide residue detected in all four vegetables. The mean levels detected were 1.42, 1.69, 1.86 and 2.10mg/kg of sample for spinach, carrot, cabbage and garden egg, respectively. The levels of chlorpyrifos detected in all four vegetables were significantly higher (p

农村农业中农药使用不当对人类和其他生物生命形式造成巨大的健康危害。本研究旨在筛选从尼日利亚卡诺州Wudil的选定农田随机抽样的四种蔬菜的农药残留及其衍生物，以确定农药残留可能造成的污染。按标准程序提取，采用气相色谱-质谱分析对农药残留进行鉴定和定量。结果显示，毒死蜱(一种有机磷)是所有四种蔬菜中唯一已知的活性农药残留。菠菜、胡萝卜、卷心菜和园蛋的平均含量分别为1.42、1.69、1.86和2.10mg/kg。在所有四种蔬菜中检测到的毒死蜱含量均显著高于对照组(p

引用次数: 3

Analysis of drinking water sources in Ankara city with PCR method 用PCR法分析安卡拉市饮用水源

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20120831013048

R. Oğur

Aim: We aimed to analyze drinking and use waters of the Ankara Provincial Center by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique which widely used in many areas of health sciences. Methods: Tap water, well water and bottled water samples are included in this study. A total of 111 water samples were taken from different locations. Water samples were analysed using a quadruplex PCR technique for availability of thermotolerant coliform, Escherichia coli, Shigella and Salmonella bacteria. Also Giardia parasite was investigated using standard PCR technique in water samples. The "freezing and thawing" method was used for the isolation of DNA in microorganisms. Mini-gel electropheresis was used to show results. Results: No cross-reactions have occurred between the primers. In 33.3% of water samples (tap water 25.9%, well water 50.0%, bottled waters 32.0%) E. coli was identified. None of the water samples contained Salmonella, Shigella bacteria and Giardia parasites. Although the standard bacteriological water analysis methods are completed in 24 Â– 48 hours and a single microorganism group is investigated, we completed analyses of four different bacteria in four hours by using quadruplex PCR technique. Conclusion: Our results showed that quadruplex PCR could be used in the microbiological analysis of water samples in the epidemic and other emergencies when you need to examine waters in hours. Also analyses have shown that not all water resources used as drinking water are safe. The relevant segments should be informed and more effective measures should be taken regarding the drinking water quality control that is closely related to community health.

目的:采用广泛应用于卫生科学领域的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术对安卡拉省中心饮用水和用水进行分析。方法:以自来水、井水和瓶装水为样本进行研究。在不同地点共采集了111个水样。利用四重PCR技术对水样进行了耐热大肠菌群、大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌和沙门氏菌的分析。采用标准PCR技术对水样中的贾第虫进行了检测。采用“冻融法”分离微生物DNA。微凝胶电泳法显示结果。结果:引物间无交叉反应。在33.3%的水样(自来水25.9%，井水50.0%，瓶装水32.0%)中检出大肠杆菌。所有水样均不含沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和贾第鞭毛虫寄生虫。虽然标准的细菌学水分析方法在24 Â - 48小时内完成，并且研究单一微生物组，但我们使用四重PCR技术在4小时内完成了四种不同细菌的分析。结论:四重聚合酶链反应可用于疫情及其他突发事件中需要在数小时内进行水质检测的水样微生物分析。此外，分析表明，并非所有用作饮用水的水资源都是安全的。应向有关部门通报情况，并就与社区健康密切相关的饮用水质量控制采取更有效的措施。

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引用次数: 0

Occupational Hazards and Health Problems Reported by Workers in a Sawmill in Uyo, Nigeria 尼日利亚尤约一家锯木厂工人报告的职业危害和健康问题

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20180615042801

O. Johnson, Q. M. Umoren

Introduction: Sawmill workers in Nigeria are exposed to many workplace hazards and avoidable health problems. This study was carried out to determine the perceived hazards and health problems among workers in a sawmill in Uyo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out in February 2018 among workers in a sawmill in Uyo. Information obtained using an interviewer administered questionnaire included work history, occupational hazards, health problems and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) among the wood workers. Data was analysed with IBM SPSS Statistic 20. Inferences were made using the chi square test. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Result: A total of 127 respondents participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 35.14±11.38 years. Majority, 124 (97.6%) were males and 76 (59.8%) had completed secondary level of education. Majority, 92 (72.4%) worked for 8-10 hours daily and 54 (42.5%) had worked for > 10 years. Occupational hazards reported were dust, 94 (74.0%), noise 93 (73.2%), vibration 62(48.8%) and heat 60 (47.2%). Health problems included injuries 54 (42.5%), low back pain 52 (40.9%), cough 45 (35.4%) and eye irritations 34 (26.8%). Cough was significantly associated with number of work years (p

导言:尼日利亚锯木厂工人面临许多工作场所危害和可避免的健康问题。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚尤约一家锯木厂工人的感知危害和健康问题。材料和方法:这是一项横断面描述性研究，于2018年2月在尤约一家锯木厂的工人中进行。通过采访者填写的调查问卷获得的信息包括木工的工作经历、职业危害、健康问题和个人防护装备的使用情况。数据采用IBM SPSS Statistic 20进行分析。使用卡方检验进行推论。显著性水平设为0.05。结果:共有127名受访者参与了研究。受访者平均年龄为35.14±11.38岁。其中124人(97.6%)为男性，76人(59.8%)完成了中等教育。其中92人(72.4%)每天工作8-10小时，54人(42.5%)工作超过10年。职业危害报告为粉尘94份(74.0%)、噪声93份(73.2%)、振动62份(48.8%)、热60份(47.2%)。健康问题包括受伤54例(42.5%)、腰痛52例(40.9%)、咳嗽45例(35.4%)和眼睛刺激34例(26.8%)。咳嗽与工作年数显著相关(p

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引用次数: 4

RESPIRATORY FUNCTION OF SAWMILL WORKERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO EXPOSURE TIME TO WOOD DUST SEEN IN NIGERIA 尼日利亚锯木厂工人的呼吸功能及其与木屑暴露时间的关系

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20180403065108

J. Omole, A. Fabunmi, C. Akosile

Background and Objective: Sawmill workers are exposed to considerable amounts of wood dust which may compromise their respiratory function. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of wood dust by comparing pulmonary parameters between workers in the sawmill industries and their aged-matched controls. In addition, to determine the relationship between the respiratory function of sawmill workers and their exposure time. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in the south western part of Nigeria. A hundred and two non-smoking male workers were recruited from the sawmill industries while the same number made up the control group (non-smoking). The controls were comprised of members of staff and student of the University of Ibadan who had no history of wood dust exposure. All participants had no chest deformities. Selected lung function tests were performed using a spirometer. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests with alpha set at p

背景和目的:锯木厂工人暴露在大量的木屑中，这可能会损害他们的呼吸功能。目的:本研究旨在通过比较锯木厂工人及其年龄匹配对照者的肺参数来确定木尘的影响。此外，确定锯木厂工人的呼吸功能与暴露时间的关系。材料和方法:这是在尼日利亚西南部进行的一项描述性横断面研究。研究人员从锯木厂招募了102名不吸烟的男性工人作为对照组(不吸烟)。对照组由伊巴丹大学的工作人员和学生组成，他们没有木屑接触史。所有的参与者都没有胸部畸形。选择肺功能测试使用肺活量计进行。数据分析采用适当的统计检验，alpha集为p

引用次数: 3

Patent leather shoes increase the frequency of tinea pedis 漆皮皮鞋会增加患足癣的频率

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20160602112384

R. Oğur

Background: Patent leather shoes may prevent aeration of feet and thus causing tinea pedis, but there are no specific studies on this subject. We aimed to clarify whether patent leather shoes may increase the frequency of tinea pedis. Material and Methods: We studied military high school students receiving a diagnosis of tinea pedis before and after they began to wear patent leather shoes after a specific date retrospectively. We used medical records as data. Results: The prevalence of tinea pedis was 32.70% before patent leather shoes were used in school, increasing to 71.48% in the two years afterward. The 2.18-fold increase in the tinea pedis incidence without any change in the daily activities or the school environment of the students indicates that patent leather shoes may be a factor in tinea pedis development. Conclusion: Patent leather shoes, usually worn for aesthetic reasons, are not suitable for foot health as they have low air permeability and can increase the incidence of tinea pedis. Natural products should, therefore, be preferred for shoe production, as in many other areas, and consumers should be educated on this subject. Results indicate that the public and patients should be notified about patent leather shoes as well as the other preventive measures.

背景:漆皮鞋可能会防止足部通风，从而引起足癣，但目前尚无这方面的具体研究。我们的目的是澄清漆皮鞋是否会增加足癣的发生频率。材料与方法:对某一特定日期后开始穿漆皮皮鞋前后发生足癣的军校高中生进行回顾性研究。我们使用医疗记录作为数据。结果:学生使用漆皮鞋前足癣患病率为32.70%，使用漆皮鞋后2年足癣患病率为71.48%。学生的日常活动和学校环境没有任何变化，但足癣发病率却增加了2.18倍，这表明漆皮鞋可能是足癣发展的一个因素。结论:漆皮皮鞋透气性低，易增加足癣的发生，不适合足部健康，通常是为了美观而穿。因此，就像在许多其他领域一样，制鞋应首选天然产品，消费者应接受这方面的教育。结果表明，应提高公众和患者对漆皮鞋的认识，并采取其他预防措施。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between community integration and life satisfaction among stroke survivors dwelling in rural communities of southwest, Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部农村社区中风幸存者社区融入与生活满意度的关系

Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science

Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20170416072212

O. A. Olaoye, A. Adejumobi, Ayomide Olalekan Olasusi, Oluwaseyi Bosede Aladesuyi, A. I. Emechete

Aims: This study assessed the relationship between community reintegration and life satisfaction of individuals who experienced cardiovascular accident in rural communities of southwest, Nigeria. Methods: Using a convenience sampling technique, 60 stroke survivors responded to this cross sectional survey yielding a response rate of 79%. A structured self-administered questionnaire on reintegration to normal living and life satisfaction after stroke was used to assess community reintegration and life satisfaction of respondent between the periods of January, 2015 and October, 2015. Procedure was explained to consented respondents and data were subsequently obtained. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. P-value was set at ˂ 0.05. Results: The respondents were 35 males and 25 females with an overall mean age of 57.1±10.4 years and post stroke duration of 22.6±12.9 months. The mean reintegration to normal living index (RNLI) score of the respondents was 66.9±21.6 with over 55% of them having moderate to full community reintegration. The respondents had an overall life satisfaction score of 3.7±1.2. Less than 32% of the respondents were dissatisfied with life and this was observed to be marked in vocation (3.2±1.8) and sexual life (2.7±1.8) domains. Neither of the respondents socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were significantly association with each of reintegration to normal living index (except side of affectation) and satisfaction with life. However, there was a significant positive relationship between reintegration to normal living and life satisfaction of respondents (r=0.539, p=0.001). Conclusion: Stroke survivors dwelling in rural communities of southwest, Nigeria had low to moderate level of reintegration into everyday activities and were dissatisfied with life after stroke. Community integration after stroke was significantly associated by side of stroke affectation and significantly related to life satisfaction after stroke.

目的:本研究评估尼日利亚西南部农村社区心血管事故患者的社区重新融入与生活满意度之间的关系。方法:使用方便的抽样技术，60名中风幸存者回应了这个横断面调查，反应率为79%。本研究于2015年1月至2015年10月，采用结构化的卒中后重返正常生活及生活满意度问卷对受访患者进行社区重返和生活满意度评估。向同意的受访者解释了程序，并随后获得了数据。数据分析采用描述性统计和推理统计。p值设为小于0.05。结果:受访者男性35例，女性25例，总体平均年龄57.1±10.4岁，卒中后持续时间22.6±12.9个月。被调查者的平均重返正常生活指数(RNLI)得分为66.9±21.6,55%以上的人实现了中度至完全的社区重返。受访者的总体生活满意度得分为3.7±1.2分。不到32%的受访者对生活不满意，这在职业(3.2±1.8)和性生活(2.7±1.8)领域被观察到。调查对象的社会人口学特征和临床特征与回归正常生活指数(除了矫揉造作的一面)和生活满意度均无显著相关性。然而，回归正常生活与受访者的生活满意度之间存在显著的正相关(r=0.539, p=0.001)。结论:居住在尼日利亚西南部农村社区的脑卒中幸存者对日常生活的重新融入水平低至中等，对脑卒中后的生活不满意。卒中后社区融入与卒中后生活满意度显著相关，卒中后社区融入与卒中后生活满意度显著相关。

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引用次数: 4