Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20160307102331
Yaw Owusu Afriyie Kusi
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the drinking water suitability of hand-dug wells and boreholes through the assessment of parasitic worms and concentrations of iron, manganese, zinc and cadmium in the Ejisu-Juaben municipality of Ashanti Region from 2012-2013. Method: Water samples were collected from three boreholes and three hand-dug wells selected randomly from each community and the water samples analyzed using various standard methods. Results: Two hand-dug wells at Ejisu and Juaben recorded iron (Fe) levels of 0.6810 and 0.3220 mg/l respectively, all boreholes and hand-dug wells had heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cd) levels within the WHO guideline values. The mean iron concentration of boreholes and hand-dug wells across the various sampling locations was highly significant (p=0.001). In contrast, mean manganese and iron levels were not significant (p=0.507 and p=0.640 respectively). A total number of nine helminths were found out of the fifteen hand-dug wells. Six out of the nine helminths encountered were Ascaris species (66.7%), two were Hookworm (22.2%) and one was Schistosoma haematobium (11.1%) which were recorded at Ejisu, Juaben, Fumesua and Besease. A brief sanitation survey at each sampling community showed that, most hand-dug wells were sited near pit latrines, refuse dumps, septic tanks, piggeries and in the vicinity of domestic animals with a minimum distance of 5m. The difference between mean distance of boreholes and hand-dug wells to sanitary sites was statistically significant (p=0.039). Conclusion: By comparism, parasitological quality and metal concentrations of water from the selected boreholes were better than some of the selected hand-dug wells and thus must be treated before use.
{"title":"Parasitological evaluation and heavy metal levels of water from boreholes and hand-dug wells in peri-urban centres of Ejisu Juaben Municipality -","authors":"Yaw Owusu Afriyie Kusi","doi":"10.5455/jeos.20160307102331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jeos.20160307102331","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the drinking water suitability of hand-dug wells and boreholes through the assessment of parasitic worms and concentrations of iron, manganese, zinc and cadmium in the Ejisu-Juaben municipality of Ashanti Region from 2012-2013. Method: Water samples were collected from three boreholes and three hand-dug wells selected randomly from each community and the water samples analyzed using various standard methods. Results: Two hand-dug wells at Ejisu and Juaben recorded iron (Fe) levels of 0.6810 and 0.3220 mg/l respectively, all boreholes and hand-dug wells had heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cd) levels within the WHO guideline values. The mean iron concentration of boreholes and hand-dug wells across the various sampling locations was highly significant (p=0.001). In contrast, mean manganese and iron levels were not significant (p=0.507 and p=0.640 respectively). A total number of nine helminths were found out of the fifteen hand-dug wells. Six out of the nine helminths encountered were Ascaris species (66.7%), two were Hookworm (22.2%) and one was Schistosoma haematobium (11.1%) which were recorded at Ejisu, Juaben, Fumesua and Besease. A brief sanitation survey at each sampling community showed that, most hand-dug wells were sited near pit latrines, refuse dumps, septic tanks, piggeries and in the vicinity of domestic animals with a minimum distance of 5m. The difference between mean distance of boreholes and hand-dug wells to sanitary sites was statistically significant (p=0.039). Conclusion: By comparism, parasitological quality and metal concentrations of water from the selected boreholes were better than some of the selected hand-dug wells and thus must be treated before use.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77171565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5455/jeos.20161124094126
N. Ibeh, J. Aneke, C. Okocha, E. Obeagu
Background: Oxyacetylene flame is known to contain a number deleterious components which could be of potentially occupational health importance. Objective: To evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to oxyacetylene flame on haematological indices in a population of welders in Nnewi, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A total of 100 subjects were randomly selected, comprising of 50 apparently healthy welders and controls, respectively. Subjects were further stratified into those that consumed alcohol and/or tobacco products and those who did not. Three milliliter (3ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant and dispensed into potassium- ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (K-EDTA) containers for full blood count determination. This was done using the Sysmex® automated haematology analyser, Model Number: PCE 210. Results were expressed as means ± SD while the students t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for comparison of means; P was significant at
{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Oxyacetylene Flame Could Predispose to Macrocytic Anaemia in Welders in Nnewi, South East Nigeria","authors":"N. Ibeh, J. Aneke, C. Okocha, E. Obeagu","doi":"10.5455/jeos.20161124094126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jeos.20161124094126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oxyacetylene flame is known to contain a number deleterious components which could be of potentially occupational health importance. Objective: To evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to oxyacetylene flame on haematological indices in a population of welders in Nnewi, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A total of 100 subjects were randomly selected, comprising of 50 apparently healthy welders and controls, respectively. Subjects were further stratified into those that consumed alcohol and/or tobacco products and those who did not. Three milliliter (3ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant and dispensed into potassium- ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (K-EDTA) containers for full blood count determination. This was done using the Sysmex® automated haematology analyser, Model Number: PCE 210. Results were expressed as means ± SD while the students t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for comparison of means; P was significant at","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"66-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76372319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20160812114809
S. Jargin
{"title":"Hypothesis: overestimation of Chernobyl consequences","authors":"S. Jargin","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20160812114809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20160812114809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83996063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20161012095029
Sergei V. Jargin
{"title":"Sergei V. Jargin. 2016. Hypothesis: overestimation of Chernobyl consequences. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science 5(3):59-63. -","authors":"Sergei V. Jargin","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20161012095029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20161012095029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"73 1","pages":"64-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83717055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833
O. Ayanniyi, Oluwasegun Sunday Nudamajo, C. Mbada
Background and objectives: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) are recognized as leading causes of significant human suffering and loss of productivity. This study investigated the pattern of WRMSDs among hospital workers in Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 769 hospital workers participated in this descriptive study, yielding a response rate of 75.8%. However, only 742 questionnaires were found valid and used in the final analysis. The survey tool used in this study was a combination of the Nordic Questionnaire and a self-developed occupational health proforma. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, percentage and frequency. Results: Working in erect standing posture (37.3%) and in bending position for 3 to 4 hours (40.7%) were mostly common among the hospital workers. Pattern of time spent working at a stretch and work breaks durations vary across different postures. Irrespective of work postures, work break time was often less than 30 minutes. The low back (61.1%) was the worst hit anatomical region, followed by neck (43.4%), shoulder (32.1%), and upper back (31.5%), while the elbow (12.7%) was the least affect body site. The 12-months WRMSDs prevalence, 12-months and 7 days activity limitation for low back disorder was 61.1%, 18.6% and 17.3% respectively. Nursing profession recorded a higher percentage of WRMSDs, in all the nine anatomically defined body part, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. Conclusion: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders affects all sectors of hospital workforce with spinal related disorders being predominant. The pattern of WRMSDs and its associated activity limitation differs across vocational and professional groups with higher predilection among nursing professionals, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. The low back was most injured anatomical site across vocational and professional groups.
{"title":"Pattern of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nigerian Hospital Workers -","authors":"O. Ayanniyi, Oluwasegun Sunday Nudamajo, C. Mbada","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20160328020833","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) are recognized as leading causes of significant human suffering and loss of productivity. This study investigated the pattern of WRMSDs among hospital workers in Osun State, South-West, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 769 hospital workers participated in this descriptive study, yielding a response rate of 75.8%. However, only 742 questionnaires were found valid and used in the final analysis. The survey tool used in this study was a combination of the Nordic Questionnaire and a self-developed occupational health proforma. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, percentage and frequency. Results: Working in erect standing posture (37.3%) and in bending position for 3 to 4 hours (40.7%) were mostly common among the hospital workers. Pattern of time spent working at a stretch and work breaks durations vary across different postures. Irrespective of work postures, work break time was often less than 30 minutes. The low back (61.1%) was the worst hit anatomical region, followed by neck (43.4%), shoulder (32.1%), and upper back (31.5%), while the elbow (12.7%) was the least affect body site. The 12-months WRMSDs prevalence, 12-months and 7 days activity limitation for low back disorder was 61.1%, 18.6% and 17.3% respectively. Nursing profession recorded a higher percentage of WRMSDs, in all the nine anatomically defined body part, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. Conclusion: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders affects all sectors of hospital workforce with spinal related disorders being predominant. The pattern of WRMSDs and its associated activity limitation differs across vocational and professional groups with higher predilection among nursing professionals, followed by administrative officers and laboratory scientists. The low back was most injured anatomical site across vocational and professional groups.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"57 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79806062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711
D. Hailu, A. Gelaw, W. Molla, L. Garedew, L. Cole, Roger P. Johnson
Background: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals caused by species of Salmonella. Salmonella are widespread in the environment and commonly found in farm effluents and sewage. Epidemiological information on the prevalence of salmmonelosis is a prerequisite to develop appropriate control strategies. Objective: To assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella isolates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 152 cows and 14 humans were included in the study. Milk, fecal sample and human stool were collected. Samples were pre-enriched with buffered peptone water and transferred to selenite cysteine broth and rappaport-vassilidis broth. Isolation was made by plating on to xylose lysine deoxycholate agar and brilliant green agar. Biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotyping were done. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Binary logistic regression was applied and p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total 21 Salmonella isolates identified, 19(90.5%) and 2(9.5%) isolates were from lactating cows and in-contact individuals, respectively. Salmonella bredeney was the most common (85.7%). Drinking water source had statistically significant (P=0.027) association. All isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested with 100% to ampicillin. All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amoxacilin/clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Large percentage of Salmonella isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested. Salmonellosis treatment could be difficult in the future unless wise use of antibiotics is practiced.
{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Isolates from Lactating Cows andIn-contact Humans in Dairy Farms, Northwest Ethiopia -","authors":"D. Hailu, A. Gelaw, W. Molla, L. Garedew, L. Cole, Roger P. Johnson","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20151102014711","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals caused by species of Salmonella. Salmonella are widespread in the environment and commonly found in farm effluents and sewage. Epidemiological information on the prevalence of salmmonelosis is a prerequisite to develop appropriate control strategies. Objective: To assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella isolates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 152 cows and 14 humans were included in the study. Milk, fecal sample and human stool were collected. Samples were pre-enriched with buffered peptone water and transferred to selenite cysteine broth and rappaport-vassilidis broth. Isolation was made by plating on to xylose lysine deoxycholate agar and brilliant green agar. Biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotyping were done. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Binary logistic regression was applied and p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total 21 Salmonella isolates identified, 19(90.5%) and 2(9.5%) isolates were from lactating cows and in-contact individuals, respectively. Salmonella bredeney was the most common (85.7%). Drinking water source had statistically significant (P=0.027) association. All isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested with 100% to ampicillin. All isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amoxacilin/clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Large percentage of Salmonella isolates were resistant at least to one of the antibiotics tested. Salmonellosis treatment could be difficult in the future unless wise use of antibiotics is practiced.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74625436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504
E. Moses, B. Etuk
Aims: This study aimed to determine levels of trace metals in Qua Iboe river estuary (QIRE), Ibeno and estimate human health risk associated with water from the river via ingestion and dermal exposure. Method: Trace metals in water from QIRE was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and human health risk induced by the trace metals in dry and wet seasons was investigated using mathematical models recommended by United States Environmental Potential Agency (USEPA). Results: The range for the different metals investigated in dry season were as follows: Pb (0.147 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.02 to 0.31mg/l), V(0.04 to 0.11mg/l), Cr (0.09 to 0.18mg/l), Ni (0.28 to 0.61mg/l), Fe (8.78 to 13.97mg/l), Zn (0.13 to 0.56mg/l). The results for wet season were: Pb (0.07 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.05 to 0.31mg/l), V (0.01 to 0.03mg/l), Cr (0.02 to 0.15mg/l), Ni (0.03 to 2.33mg/l), Fe (0.02 to 4.92mg/l), Zn (0.11 to 0.43mg/l). Concentrations of metals were above USEPA limits except Zn. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values via ingestion of water were greater than one while the THQ values via dermal contact were greater than one for Cd only. The combined target hazard index (HI*) from ingestion and dermal contact of water was greater than unity for Cd, Cr and Pb for wet and dry seasons. Conclusion: Findings in this study show that Pb, Cd and Cr may contribute to health risk from dermal and oral exposure to water from the QIRE systems. Constant monitoring and remediation processes of the QIRE are strongly recommended.
{"title":"Human Health Risk Assessment of Trace metals in Water from Qua Iboe River Estuary, Ibeno, Nigeria -","authors":"E. Moses, B. Etuk","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20150714122504","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to determine levels of trace metals in Qua Iboe river estuary (QIRE), Ibeno and estimate human health risk associated with water from the river via ingestion and dermal exposure. Method: Trace metals in water from QIRE was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and human health risk induced by the trace metals in dry and wet seasons was investigated using mathematical models recommended by United States Environmental Potential Agency (USEPA). Results: The range for the different metals investigated in dry season were as follows: Pb (0.147 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.02 to 0.31mg/l), V(0.04 to 0.11mg/l), Cr (0.09 to 0.18mg/l), Ni (0.28 to 0.61mg/l), Fe (8.78 to 13.97mg/l), Zn (0.13 to 0.56mg/l). The results for wet season were: Pb (0.07 to 0.19mg/l), Cd (0.05 to 0.31mg/l), V (0.01 to 0.03mg/l), Cr (0.02 to 0.15mg/l), Ni (0.03 to 2.33mg/l), Fe (0.02 to 4.92mg/l), Zn (0.11 to 0.43mg/l). Concentrations of metals were above USEPA limits except Zn. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values via ingestion of water were greater than one while the THQ values via dermal contact were greater than one for Cd only. The combined target hazard index (HI*) from ingestion and dermal contact of water was greater than unity for Cd, Cr and Pb for wet and dry seasons. Conclusion: Findings in this study show that Pb, Cd and Cr may contribute to health risk from dermal and oral exposure to water from the QIRE systems. Constant monitoring and remediation processes of the QIRE are strongly recommended.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"150-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79765725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039
Ateequr Rahman, A. Sultana, Khaleequr Rahman, Syed Taher Alil Bilgrami
Objective: To study the prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD), knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers in Pimpri Chinchwad, Pune. Materials and methods: Across sectional study was conducted from August 2010 to July 2011 on five hundred randomly selected participants from varnish, cement, nickel salt and oil paint industries. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was used to record details regarding socio-demographic data, knowledge and preventive measures adapted towards occupational hazards. Nordic occupational skin questionnaire and Occupational Contact Dermatitis Disease Severity Index (ODDI) were used to record the data related to the disease. Results: Overall prevalence of OCD was 5.20% (n=26/500).The prevalence in varnish, oil paint, nickel salt and cement exposed workers was 9.82% (n=11/112), 6.42%(n=7/109), 3.72%(n=6/161) and 1.69%(n=2/118) respectively. The ODDI mean(SD) score of severity index was 4.2(1.44). The prevalence regarding poor, average and good knowledge of occupational hazards was 7.22%(n=12/166), 4.24%(n=12/283) and 3.92%(n=2/51) respectively. The prevalence regarding not at all, irregularly and regularly adapting preventive measures was 11.11%(n=13/117), 4.67% (n=10/214) and 1.78% (n= 3/169)respectively. Conclusion:The workers involved in varnish chemical industry are more susceptible to OCD than workers involved in nickel salt, cement, and oil paint industries. This study clearly indicates that knowledge regarding the occupational hazards and adaption of preventive measures are prerequisite to lower the prevalence of OCD in chemical industries workers as prevalence was higher in poor knowledge workers and workers who had not adapted any preventive measures.
{"title":"Prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis, knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers of Pune: An observational study -","authors":"Ateequr Rahman, A. Sultana, Khaleequr Rahman, Syed Taher Alil Bilgrami","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20141106012039","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD), knowledge and adaption of preventive measures by chemical industries workers in Pimpri Chinchwad, Pune. Materials and methods: Across sectional study was conducted from August 2010 to July 2011 on five hundred randomly selected participants from varnish, cement, nickel salt and oil paint industries. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was used to record details regarding socio-demographic data, knowledge and preventive measures adapted towards occupational hazards. Nordic occupational skin questionnaire and Occupational Contact Dermatitis Disease Severity Index (ODDI) were used to record the data related to the disease. Results: Overall prevalence of OCD was 5.20% (n=26/500).The prevalence in varnish, oil paint, nickel salt and cement exposed workers was 9.82% (n=11/112), 6.42%(n=7/109), 3.72%(n=6/161) and 1.69%(n=2/118) respectively. The ODDI mean(SD) score of severity index was 4.2(1.44). The prevalence regarding poor, average and good knowledge of occupational hazards was 7.22%(n=12/166), 4.24%(n=12/283) and 3.92%(n=2/51) respectively. The prevalence regarding not at all, irregularly and regularly adapting preventive measures was 11.11%(n=13/117), 4.67% (n=10/214) and 1.78% (n= 3/169)respectively. Conclusion:The workers involved in varnish chemical industry are more susceptible to OCD than workers involved in nickel salt, cement, and oil paint industries. This study clearly indicates that knowledge regarding the occupational hazards and adaption of preventive measures are prerequisite to lower the prevalence of OCD in chemical industries workers as prevalence was higher in poor knowledge workers and workers who had not adapted any preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85116354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039
M. Elsergany, M. Moussa, A. Ahsan, Athra Khalfan, A. Eissa
Introduction: Frequent touch surfaces encountered in shopping malls can play a role in transmission of microbial pathogens and the dissemination of infectious diseases. This study aims at assessing the bacterial contamination of such surfaces in 4 large shopping malls in Sharjah, UAE. Materials and Methods: A total of 224 samples were collected from 4 different malls in Sharjah, UAE, in 2014, using sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were transferred and spread on Nutrient agar plates and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. Colony forming units (CFUs) were counted for each plate, then isolated and identified using colony morphology, differential staining, and growth capabilities on different types of media. Results: Out of all collected samples, 192 (amounting to 86%) were positive (contaminated with bacteria). In each mall, more than 80% of all sampled surfaces were contaminated with bacterial growth. The highest bacterial density was found on food courts trays, food courts tables surfaces, and food tray handles. Comparing the average bacterial count from all surfaces in the 4 different malls under study, a significant result was observed, with one-way repeated measures ANOVA yielding the following: F(3) = 3.42, p = 0.024. The highest mean bacterial counts were in the malls with the highest numbers of visitors/m2. Conclusion: Nearly, every single sampled surface yielded a moderate to heavy degree of bacterial contamination. This is cause for concern, because infection risk depends to a large extent on infectious doses of pathogens. Consequently, cleaning services in shopping malls should be improved, and the public should be educated on the best hygiene-related precautions to be taken in malls.
导读:商场中经常接触的表面会对微生物病原体的传播和传染病的传播起到作用。本研究旨在评估阿联酋沙迦4个大型购物中心的此类表面的细菌污染。材料与方法:采用无菌棉签于2014年在阿联酋沙迦4个不同商场采集样本224份。将拭子转移并铺在营养琼脂板上，在37℃下孵育48小时。对每个平板的菌落形成单位(cfu)进行计数，然后利用菌落形态学、差异染色和不同类型培养基上的生长能力进行分离和鉴定。结果:采集样本中192份(86%)呈阳性(细菌污染)。在每个购物中心，超过80%的采样表面被细菌污染。细菌密度最高的地方是食品广场的托盘、餐桌表面和食品托盘把手。比较4个不同购物中心所有表面的平均细菌数量，通过单向重复测量方差分析得出显著结果:F(3) = 3.42, p = 0.024。平均细菌数量最高的是游客数量最多的购物中心。结论:几乎每一个样品表面都有中度到重度的细菌污染。这令人担忧，因为感染风险在很大程度上取决于病原体的感染剂量。因此，购物中心的清洁服务应该得到改善，公众应该接受教育，了解在购物中心应采取的最佳卫生预防措施。
{"title":"Exploratory Study of Bacterial Contamination of Different Surfaces in Four Shopping Malls in Sharjah, UAE","authors":"M. Elsergany, M. Moussa, A. Ahsan, Athra Khalfan, A. Eissa","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20150611030039","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Frequent touch surfaces encountered in shopping malls can play a role in transmission of microbial pathogens and the dissemination of infectious diseases. This study aims at assessing the bacterial contamination of such surfaces in 4 large shopping malls in Sharjah, UAE. Materials and Methods: A total of 224 samples were collected from 4 different malls in Sharjah, UAE, in 2014, using sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were transferred and spread on Nutrient agar plates and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. Colony forming units (CFUs) were counted for each plate, then isolated and identified using colony morphology, differential staining, and growth capabilities on different types of media. Results: Out of all collected samples, 192 (amounting to 86%) were positive (contaminated with bacteria). In each mall, more than 80% of all sampled surfaces were contaminated with bacterial growth. The highest bacterial density was found on food courts trays, food courts tables surfaces, and food tray handles. Comparing the average bacterial count from all surfaces in the 4 different malls under study, a significant result was observed, with one-way repeated measures ANOVA yielding the following: F(3) = 3.42, p = 0.024. The highest mean bacterial counts were in the malls with the highest numbers of visitors/m2. Conclusion: Nearly, every single sampled surface yielded a moderate to heavy degree of bacterial contamination. This is cause for concern, because infection risk depends to a large extent on infectious doses of pathogens. Consequently, cleaning services in shopping malls should be improved, and the public should be educated on the best hygiene-related precautions to be taken in malls.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81126275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219
C. Mbada, O. Adejuyigbe, J. Omole, O. Idowu, U. Okafor, B. Adekanla, A. Okonji
Background and objective: Manual handling is an integral part of physiotherapy education and training. Still, Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) associated with manual handling are common among physiotherapists. This study investigated the level and determinants of knowledge, attitude and perception of Nigerian physiotherapists on manual handling techniques. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight physiotherapists participated in this cross-sectional study. An adapted self-administered questionnaire pilot tested for its content validity was used as the survey instrument. The questionnaire sought information on socio-demographics, knowledge, attitude and perception on manual handling techniques, and WRMSDs associated with manual handling. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentages; and inferential statistic of Chi-square test were used for the analysis. Alpha level was set at p0.05). Lack of equipment was the most implicated reason (90.4%) for not using recommended techniques of manual handling in practice. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of manual handling associated WRMSDs among Nigerian physiotherapists. Majority of the physiotherapists had good knowledge of manual handling techniques but demonstrated negative attitude toward its use in clinical practice owing to non-availability of needed equipment. The finding of this study reveals a theory-practice gap of manual handling techniques among Nigerian physiotherapists.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF NIGERIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS ON MANUAL HANDLING TECHNIQUES","authors":"C. Mbada, O. Adejuyigbe, J. Omole, O. Idowu, U. Okafor, B. Adekanla, A. Okonji","doi":"10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JEOS.20151217013219","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Manual handling is an integral part of physiotherapy education and training. Still, Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) associated with manual handling are common among physiotherapists. This study investigated the level and determinants of knowledge, attitude and perception of Nigerian physiotherapists on manual handling techniques. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight physiotherapists participated in this cross-sectional study. An adapted self-administered questionnaire pilot tested for its content validity was used as the survey instrument. The questionnaire sought information on socio-demographics, knowledge, attitude and perception on manual handling techniques, and WRMSDs associated with manual handling. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentages; and inferential statistic of Chi-square test were used for the analysis. Alpha level was set at p0.05). Lack of equipment was the most implicated reason (90.4%) for not using recommended techniques of manual handling in practice. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of manual handling associated WRMSDs among Nigerian physiotherapists. Majority of the physiotherapists had good knowledge of manual handling techniques but demonstrated negative attitude toward its use in clinical practice owing to non-availability of needed equipment. The finding of this study reveals a theory-practice gap of manual handling techniques among Nigerian physiotherapists.","PeriodicalId":16086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"203-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82519282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：