Tim B Bryant, Jeremy Greene, D. Reisig, F. Reay-Jones
Production of field corn in the southeastern United States is often impacted by a number of insect pests. However, surveys to assess stakeholder perception of the relative importance of insect pests and adopted management decisions for these pests have not been extensively reported in the region. A survey was conducted in North and South Carolina to address deficiencies in our knowledge about how corn producers perceive insect pests, implement management and insect resistance strategies, and understand and implement integrated pest management (IPM). The survey indicated that stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were the most commonly managed insect pests in field corn. For transgenic corn expressing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) (Berliner), the rate of resistance management (i.e., planting of non-Bt corn refuge) implemented (59%) by growers was higher than previously reported. The majority of grower respondents identified ear development as the most critical corn growth stage for managing stink bugs (52%), with the most commonly reported management strategy being applications of insecticide at the economic threshold. Growers also reported understanding the concepts of IPM and implementing it in field corn. Assessing the adoption of preventative approaches, such as Bt corn and insecticide seed treatments, and strategies to manage insect resistance, in the case of Bt corn in particular, is critical for tailoring research and Extension efforts to protect the durability of these management tactics.
{"title":"Grower perceptions and adoption of IPM and non-Bt refuge in field corn: a survey in North and South Carolina","authors":"Tim B Bryant, Jeremy Greene, D. Reisig, F. Reay-Jones","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmad030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmad030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Production of field corn in the southeastern United States is often impacted by a number of insect pests. However, surveys to assess stakeholder perception of the relative importance of insect pests and adopted management decisions for these pests have not been extensively reported in the region. A survey was conducted in North and South Carolina to address deficiencies in our knowledge about how corn producers perceive insect pests, implement management and insect resistance strategies, and understand and implement integrated pest management (IPM). The survey indicated that stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were the most commonly managed insect pests in field corn. For transgenic corn expressing insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) (Berliner), the rate of resistance management (i.e., planting of non-Bt corn refuge) implemented (59%) by growers was higher than previously reported. The majority of grower respondents identified ear development as the most critical corn growth stage for managing stink bugs (52%), with the most commonly reported management strategy being applications of insecticide at the economic threshold. Growers also reported understanding the concepts of IPM and implementing it in field corn. Assessing the adoption of preventative approaches, such as Bt corn and insecticide seed treatments, and strategies to manage insect resistance, in the case of Bt corn in particular, is critical for tailoring research and Extension efforts to protect the durability of these management tactics.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Muriithi, Rachael Franchini, Paige Kolhoff, Victoria Seekman, Lydia Grossman, Kelvin Mulungu, Holger Kirscht, Samuel Ledermann, F. Khamis
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important source of food and income in Kenya, but production is hampered by the proliferation of invasive fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis). The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) and its partners have over the past 2 decades developed and disseminated an integrated pest management (IPM) package of interventions that effectively reduce fruit fly populations, but adoption is relatively low. In response to this low adoption, the authors conducted desk- and field-based qualitative and quantitative studies to better understand the gendered barriers and opportunities for scaling IPM practices along the mango value chain in Kenya. Twenty-four gender-disaggregated focus groups, 118 farmer surveys, and 63 key informant interviews with value chain actors were conducted. The results show that lack of access to IPM inputs, market constraints, and access to training are among the key barriers to and motivations for adopting IPM strategies in Embu County, Kenya.
{"title":"Gendered barriers and opportunities for scaling integrated pest management practices along the mango value chain in Kenya","authors":"B. Muriithi, Rachael Franchini, Paige Kolhoff, Victoria Seekman, Lydia Grossman, Kelvin Mulungu, Holger Kirscht, Samuel Ledermann, F. Khamis","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmad034","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important source of food and income in Kenya, but production is hampered by the proliferation of invasive fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis). The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) and its partners have over the past 2 decades developed and disseminated an integrated pest management (IPM) package of interventions that effectively reduce fruit fly populations, but adoption is relatively low. In response to this low adoption, the authors conducted desk- and field-based qualitative and quantitative studies to better understand the gendered barriers and opportunities for scaling IPM practices along the mango value chain in Kenya. Twenty-four gender-disaggregated focus groups, 118 farmer surveys, and 63 key informant interviews with value chain actors were conducted. The results show that lack of access to IPM inputs, market constraints, and access to training are among the key barriers to and motivations for adopting IPM strategies in Embu County, Kenya.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Day, Sean T Murphy, Jon Styles, Bryony Taylor, Tim Beale, William Holland, Frances Williams, Andy Shaw, C. Finegold, M. Oronje, Birgitta Oppong-Mensah, Noah Phiri, Alyssa Lowry, Elizabeth A Finch, J. Mahony, S. Wood, L. Durocher‑Granger, D. Chacha, Norbert Maczey, Pablo González-Moreno, Sarah E Thomas, Joe Beeken, Jane Lewis, Gerado Lopez Saldana, Solomon Duah, M. Bundi, L. Wasilwa, R. Amata, R. Musila, Daniel Mutisya, Christopher Gitonga, Patrick Kalama, Johnson O Nyasani, M. Matimelo, H. Mgomba, Christopher Gaitu, C. Ocloo, Isaac Adjei-Mensah, G. Ohene-Mensah, J. Nboyine, Blessings Susuwele
Smallholder farmers are the mainstay of the agricultural economies of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where they produce several crops, predominantly centered on maize. Smallholder productivity remains limited resulting from a range of confounding factors, but a primary cause is loss from pests and diseases, particularly insects. To improve productivity, recommendations for the mitigation of crop loss globally include early-warning and management systems for in-season indigenous pests. There are many early-warning systems in temperate regions; however, such systems are poorly established in Africa. This is in part due to the need for a combination of pest modeling, data handling and dissemination infrastructure, capacity, and resource provision. While each of these components is progressing in Africa, the means to successfully deploy such systems remain limited. To bridge this, the development of the Pest Risk Information Service (PRISE) began in 2017 for farmers in SSA. Implemented in Kenya, Ghana, Malawi, and Zambia, PRISE developed temperature-driven phenology models for major maize, bean, and tomato pests. Using downscaled and processed Earth Observation data to drive the models, PRISE partnered with African national agencies to communicate pre- and in-season pest alerts that forecast the time to act against key insect pests. Alerts were designed to be integrated into country-specific Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) recommendations to provide a complementary package to agricultural stakeholders. End line studies with farmers showed that those who received information about the target crops including PRISE pest forecasts, generally reported better outcomes in terms of reduced losses and increased incomes compared with farmers who did not.
{"title":"Forecasting the population development of within-season insect crop pests in sub-Saharan Africa: the Pest Risk Information Service","authors":"Charlotte Day, Sean T Murphy, Jon Styles, Bryony Taylor, Tim Beale, William Holland, Frances Williams, Andy Shaw, C. Finegold, M. Oronje, Birgitta Oppong-Mensah, Noah Phiri, Alyssa Lowry, Elizabeth A Finch, J. Mahony, S. Wood, L. Durocher‑Granger, D. Chacha, Norbert Maczey, Pablo González-Moreno, Sarah E Thomas, Joe Beeken, Jane Lewis, Gerado Lopez Saldana, Solomon Duah, M. Bundi, L. Wasilwa, R. Amata, R. Musila, Daniel Mutisya, Christopher Gitonga, Patrick Kalama, Johnson O Nyasani, M. Matimelo, H. Mgomba, Christopher Gaitu, C. Ocloo, Isaac Adjei-Mensah, G. Ohene-Mensah, J. Nboyine, Blessings Susuwele","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmad026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Smallholder farmers are the mainstay of the agricultural economies of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where they produce several crops, predominantly centered on maize. Smallholder productivity remains limited resulting from a range of confounding factors, but a primary cause is loss from pests and diseases, particularly insects. To improve productivity, recommendations for the mitigation of crop loss globally include early-warning and management systems for in-season indigenous pests. There are many early-warning systems in temperate regions; however, such systems are poorly established in Africa. This is in part due to the need for a combination of pest modeling, data handling and dissemination infrastructure, capacity, and resource provision. While each of these components is progressing in Africa, the means to successfully deploy such systems remain limited. To bridge this, the development of the Pest Risk Information Service (PRISE) began in 2017 for farmers in SSA. Implemented in Kenya, Ghana, Malawi, and Zambia, PRISE developed temperature-driven phenology models for major maize, bean, and tomato pests. Using downscaled and processed Earth Observation data to drive the models, PRISE partnered with African national agencies to communicate pre- and in-season pest alerts that forecast the time to act against key insect pests. Alerts were designed to be integrated into country-specific Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) recommendations to provide a complementary package to agricultural stakeholders. End line studies with farmers showed that those who received information about the target crops including PRISE pest forecasts, generally reported better outcomes in terms of reduced losses and increased incomes compared with farmers who did not.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleanor L Meys, Pierre Mineau, Peter Werts, S. G. Nelson, Ariel Larson, William D. Hutchison
Tools for quantifying nontarget pesticide risks have long been used for documenting the benefits of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. One resource receiving little attention is the Pesticide Risk Tool (PRT), developed by the IPM Institute in Madison, WI. The PRT includes 15 indices and uses a probabilistic approach to assess the risk for the environmental and human health effects of insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. In this article, we compare the PRT to the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) to highlight the PRT’s approach to characterizing risk and several improvements over the EIQ. Comparing the calculated risk scores between the EIQ and PRT shows a similar trend with organophosphate insecticides, usually reflecting the highest toxicity risks, with more pronounced differences for pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, but exact toxicity rankings differ. Advantages of the PRT over the EIQ include the probabilistic approach to quantify risk and reliance on field impact data where available, the use of raw data for inputs versus a scoring system, correction of known issues with the EIQ, and its greater diversity of risk indices. Some disadvantages of the PRT include its lack of data on discontinued products, the absence of a total risk score, use of different scoring scales between indices, and its cost. However, given the pros and cons of each method, we believe the PRT to be a useful tool for researchers, extension professionals, and growers who wish to account for environmental and human health risks when building IPM programs.
{"title":"Assessment of insecticide risk quantification methods: Introducing the Pesticide Risk Tool and its improvements over the Environmental Impact Quotient","authors":"Eleanor L Meys, Pierre Mineau, Peter Werts, S. G. Nelson, Ariel Larson, William D. Hutchison","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmad032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmad032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tools for quantifying nontarget pesticide risks have long been used for documenting the benefits of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. One resource receiving little attention is the Pesticide Risk Tool (PRT), developed by the IPM Institute in Madison, WI. The PRT includes 15 indices and uses a probabilistic approach to assess the risk for the environmental and human health effects of insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. In this article, we compare the PRT to the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) to highlight the PRT’s approach to characterizing risk and several improvements over the EIQ. Comparing the calculated risk scores between the EIQ and PRT shows a similar trend with organophosphate insecticides, usually reflecting the highest toxicity risks, with more pronounced differences for pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, but exact toxicity rankings differ. Advantages of the PRT over the EIQ include the probabilistic approach to quantify risk and reliance on field impact data where available, the use of raw data for inputs versus a scoring system, correction of known issues with the EIQ, and its greater diversity of risk indices. Some disadvantages of the PRT include its lack of data on discontinued products, the absence of a total risk score, use of different scoring scales between indices, and its cost. However, given the pros and cons of each method, we believe the PRT to be a useful tool for researchers, extension professionals, and growers who wish to account for environmental and human health risks when building IPM programs.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agricultural production and crop yields are threatened around the world by the emergence and spread of agronomical pests, including diseases, insects, and weeds. Due to changes in precipitation, carbon dioxide levels, and warming temperatures being experienced throughout most of the world, new challenges are emerging for pest management in virtually all major cropping systems. While precise environmental impacts due to climate change are impossible to predict, they will require innovative and new solutions for pest management. In this article, we explore the challenges of 3 problem pest species with soybean: Johnsongrass, kudzu bug, and charcoal rot. Understanding pest responses to climate change is vital for better understanding the new agricultural innovations that will be required to manage them in the future.
{"title":"Agricultural issues with climate change—case studies with 3 soybean pests: Johnsongrass, kudzu bug, and charcoal rot","authors":"D. S. Carley, Jennifer Cook, Sherrie Emerine","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmad029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmad029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Agricultural production and crop yields are threatened around the world by the emergence and spread of agronomical pests, including diseases, insects, and weeds. Due to changes in precipitation, carbon dioxide levels, and warming temperatures being experienced throughout most of the world, new challenges are emerging for pest management in virtually all major cropping systems. While precise environmental impacts due to climate change are impossible to predict, they will require innovative and new solutions for pest management. In this article, we explore the challenges of 3 problem pest species with soybean: Johnsongrass, kudzu bug, and charcoal rot. Understanding pest responses to climate change is vital for better understanding the new agricultural innovations that will be required to manage them in the future.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Conchuela stink bug, Chlorochroa ligata Say (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a prevalent stink bug pest that commonly infests Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in Texas. It is found throughout a wide region, spanning from Texas to California, in the western United States. Feeding by Conchuela stink bugs on cotton plants leads to various negative impacts, including reduced lint yield and quality, decreased gin turnout, and declined lint value per unit area. Additionally, an infestation of Conchuela stink bugs can indirectly damage cotton by transmitting plant pathogens. Boll rot is among the most economically damaging diseases transmitted by stink bugs in cotton. In this article, we explore the geographic distribution, host range, biology, damage, and management strategies related to Conchuela stink bug in cotton.
{"title":"Ecology, biology, and management of Conchuela stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Texas High Plains cotton","authors":"S. Vyavhare, David Kerns, Jane Pierce","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmae004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Conchuela stink bug, Chlorochroa ligata Say (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a prevalent stink bug pest that commonly infests Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in Texas. It is found throughout a wide region, spanning from Texas to California, in the western United States. Feeding by Conchuela stink bugs on cotton plants leads to various negative impacts, including reduced lint yield and quality, decreased gin turnout, and declined lint value per unit area. Additionally, an infestation of Conchuela stink bugs can indirectly damage cotton by transmitting plant pathogens. Boll rot is among the most economically damaging diseases transmitted by stink bugs in cotton. In this article, we explore the geographic distribution, host range, biology, damage, and management strategies related to Conchuela stink bug in cotton.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crapemyrtle aphid [Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy 1907)] (CMA) is an introduced pest of crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia spp. L.), which is among the most common ornamental tree genera in the southern United States. Native to Southeast Asia, CMA has become established on 5 other continents. CMAs produce honeydew as they feed which supports sooty mold growth and can result in leaf defoliation on infested trees. CMAs tend to be most abundant in crapemyrtles planted in locations with extensive surrounding impervious surface cover. A large community of generalist natural enemies are found in close association with CMA, which suggests that CMAs may help conserve natural enemy communities in urban areas. Due to the long-lasting blooms produced by crapemyrtle, and the attractiveness of these blooms to pollinators, insecticides should be used as a last resort to manage CMA infestations. While CMA is considered a specialist pest of crapemyrtle, it has been recorded on 3 species outside of the genus Lagerstroemia. The wide distribution of CMA, closely overlapping that of crapemyrtle, suggests that CMA can likely be found wherever crapemyrtles are commonly planted.
{"title":"Ecology and management of the crapemyrtle aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on crapemyrtle (Myrtales: Lythraceae) in the southern United States","authors":"Caleb J. Wilson, Matthew A. Bertone","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmae003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Crapemyrtle aphid [Sarucallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy 1907)] (CMA) is an introduced pest of crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia spp. L.), which is among the most common ornamental tree genera in the southern United States. Native to Southeast Asia, CMA has become established on 5 other continents. CMAs produce honeydew as they feed which supports sooty mold growth and can result in leaf defoliation on infested trees. CMAs tend to be most abundant in crapemyrtles planted in locations with extensive surrounding impervious surface cover. A large community of generalist natural enemies are found in close association with CMA, which suggests that CMAs may help conserve natural enemy communities in urban areas. Due to the long-lasting blooms produced by crapemyrtle, and the attractiveness of these blooms to pollinators, insecticides should be used as a last resort to manage CMA infestations. While CMA is considered a specialist pest of crapemyrtle, it has been recorded on 3 species outside of the genus Lagerstroemia. The wide distribution of CMA, closely overlapping that of crapemyrtle, suggests that CMA can likely be found wherever crapemyrtles are commonly planted.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navneet Kaur, Nicole P Anderson, S. Dorman, D. Walenta, Brain C Donovan, Christy Tanner, B. Mori, J. Otani, Richard E. Sim, Phil Rolston, Joel Faulkner
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), a perennial forage legume belonging to the Fabaceae family, is grown for seed in many temperate regions of the world. Coleophora deauratella Leinig and Zeller (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) is a significant insect pest occurring globally in several primary red clover seed-producing regions. Coleophora deauratella inflicts crop damage by larval feeding on developing seed within individual florets, thus reducing seed yield. The first detection of C. deauratella and seed yield losses up to 90% were reported in the Peace River region of Alberta, in western Canada, in 2006, signifying its damage and potential threat to other red clover seed-producing areas of the world as an invasive insect pest species. As a result, crop stand age was reduced to 1 yr to mitigate seed yield loss caused by this pest in second-year fields in Alberta. Coleophora deauratella was first discovered in western Oregon in 2011, but the resulting economic damage remains unknown after more than a decade of its discovery. The first confirmed case of C. deauratella and tremendous seed yield devastation in red clover seed crops in the mid-Cantebury region of New Zealand occurred in 2016. Continued monitoring efforts in Oregon and New Zealand revealed that pest populations started receding after 2018, and the presence of unknown biocontrol agents, climatic, or genetic factors was speculated for its lower establishment rate. In this article, we discuss C. deauratella biology, ecology, and pest status in North America and New Zealand, along with the key research highlights to control C. deauratella.
红三叶（Trifolium pratense L.）属于豆科多年生牧草豆科植物，在世界许多温带地区都作为种子种植。Coleophora deauratella Leinig and Zeller（鳞翅目：鞘翅目）是一种重要的害虫，在全球几个主要的红三叶草种子产区都有发生。Coleophora deauratella 以幼虫取食小花内发育中的种子，对作物造成危害，从而降低种子产量。2006 年，在加拿大西部艾伯塔省的和平河地区首次发现了 C. deauratella，种子产量损失高达 90%，这表明它作为一种入侵害虫物种对世界其他红三叶草种子产区造成了破坏和潜在威胁。因此，在阿尔伯塔省的第二年田地里，作物株龄被缩短为 1 年，以减轻这种害虫造成的种子产量损失。2011 年，Coleophora deauratella 首次在俄勒冈州西部被发现，但在发现十多年后，其造成的经济损失仍不得而知。2016 年，新西兰中坎特布里地区首次确诊了 C. deauratella 病例，并对红三叶草种子作物的种子产量造成了巨大破坏。俄勒冈州和新西兰的持续监测工作显示，2018 年后害虫种群数量开始减少，人们推测是未知的生物控制剂、气候或遗传因素导致其建立率较低。在这篇文章中，我们讨论了北美和新西兰的 C. deauratella 生物学、生态学和虫害现状，以及控制 C. deauratella 的主要研究重点。
{"title":"Biology and management of Coleophora deauratella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) in red clover seed-growing regions in North America and New Zealand","authors":"Navneet Kaur, Nicole P Anderson, S. Dorman, D. Walenta, Brain C Donovan, Christy Tanner, B. Mori, J. Otani, Richard E. Sim, Phil Rolston, Joel Faulkner","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), a perennial forage legume belonging to the Fabaceae family, is grown for seed in many temperate regions of the world. Coleophora deauratella Leinig and Zeller (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) is a significant insect pest occurring globally in several primary red clover seed-producing regions. Coleophora deauratella inflicts crop damage by larval feeding on developing seed within individual florets, thus reducing seed yield. The first detection of C. deauratella and seed yield losses up to 90% were reported in the Peace River region of Alberta, in western Canada, in 2006, signifying its damage and potential threat to other red clover seed-producing areas of the world as an invasive insect pest species. As a result, crop stand age was reduced to 1 yr to mitigate seed yield loss caused by this pest in second-year fields in Alberta. Coleophora deauratella was first discovered in western Oregon in 2011, but the resulting economic damage remains unknown after more than a decade of its discovery. The first confirmed case of C. deauratella and tremendous seed yield devastation in red clover seed crops in the mid-Cantebury region of New Zealand occurred in 2016. Continued monitoring efforts in Oregon and New Zealand revealed that pest populations started receding after 2018, and the presence of unknown biocontrol agents, climatic, or genetic factors was speculated for its lower establishment rate. In this article, we discuss C. deauratella biology, ecology, and pest status in North America and New Zealand, along with the key research highlights to control C. deauratella.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: The twolined spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) invades Hawaiʻi: establishment, biology, and management of a destructive forage grass pest","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmae001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abigail E. Clarke, Katlyn A. Catron, Cesar A. Reyes Corral, Adrian T. Marshall, Christopher Adams, W. R. Cooper, Scott J Harper, L. Nottingham, T. Northfield
The US cherry and stone fruit industries have periodically experienced devastating outbreaks of X-disease phytoplasma (XDP) since the 1930s, with an ongoing epidemic occurring since 2010. This disease is critically impacting Prunus spp. and the stone fruit industry, causing underdeveloped, bitter, and misshapen fruit on economically important crops, primarily cherries, peaches, and nectarines, making the fruit unmarketable. Trees cannot recover from this disease and eventually die if they are not removed. It takes at least 1 yr for symptoms to appear, postinfection, which hinders disease management efforts. The phytoplasma, Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni, is a phloem-limited intracellular bacterium that is spread by grafting and leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) feeding. Several leafhopper species are known to transmit XDP, of which Colladonus spp. are considered the most important vectors in the Western United States and are native to this region. Colladonus spp. feed and oviposit on a wide variety of broadleaf perennial plants, including mallow, alfalfa, and clover. These plants are also hosts of the phytoplasma. In Western United States, these leafhoppers have 3 periods of adult activity: May–June, late July–August, and October. The highest rates of pathogen transmission likely occur during the last 2 activity periods due to the high abundance of leafhoppers and a postharvest increase of XDP titers in trees. Using known activity periods and host plants of the leafhoppers, growers can monitor and strategically manage the vectors, which, when combined with the removal of infected trees and ground-cover hosts, should help limit the spread of X-disease.
{"title":"Colladonus spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) vectors of X-disease: biology and management in Western United States","authors":"Abigail E. Clarke, Katlyn A. Catron, Cesar A. Reyes Corral, Adrian T. Marshall, Christopher Adams, W. R. Cooper, Scott J Harper, L. Nottingham, T. Northfield","doi":"10.1093/jipm/pmae005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The US cherry and stone fruit industries have periodically experienced devastating outbreaks of X-disease phytoplasma (XDP) since the 1930s, with an ongoing epidemic occurring since 2010. This disease is critically impacting Prunus spp. and the stone fruit industry, causing underdeveloped, bitter, and misshapen fruit on economically important crops, primarily cherries, peaches, and nectarines, making the fruit unmarketable. Trees cannot recover from this disease and eventually die if they are not removed. It takes at least 1 yr for symptoms to appear, postinfection, which hinders disease management efforts. The phytoplasma, Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni, is a phloem-limited intracellular bacterium that is spread by grafting and leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) feeding. Several leafhopper species are known to transmit XDP, of which Colladonus spp. are considered the most important vectors in the Western United States and are native to this region. Colladonus spp. feed and oviposit on a wide variety of broadleaf perennial plants, including mallow, alfalfa, and clover. These plants are also hosts of the phytoplasma. In Western United States, these leafhoppers have 3 periods of adult activity: May–June, late July–August, and October. The highest rates of pathogen transmission likely occur during the last 2 activity periods due to the high abundance of leafhoppers and a postharvest increase of XDP titers in trees. Using known activity periods and host plants of the leafhoppers, growers can monitor and strategically manage the vectors, which, when combined with the removal of infected trees and ground-cover hosts, should help limit the spread of X-disease.","PeriodicalId":16119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Pest Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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