Existentialism, a philosophy introduced in the twentieth century, is still relevant in today’s world. However, its implications have gained more dimensions since the understanding of cultural phenomena keeps deepening. Existentialism coupled with Marxism can provide us an understanding of contemporary structures and patterns of human society. Women subjected to their domestic duties and capitalism demands of contributing to the workforce form the subject of this study. Their alienation from the body is augmented by invidious patriarchal demands put on their bodies coupled with strait conditions of poverty. The study is an attempt at exploring the tenets of feminist existentialism in Mieko Kawakami’s novel Breasts and Eggs. The philosophical underpinnings underlying the study are feminist existentialism and Marxism. It will unveil the themes of embodiment, alienation, authenticity, Othering and bad faith in women who are constrained by their financial situation. The novel deals with the lives of three women in Tokyo. Their lives are characterised by their shared sense of the body and alienation. The novel highlights women’s day-to-day experiences and their quest for authenticity in a world hostile to self-assertion and authentic living.
{"title":"Alienation, Embodiment, and Search for Authenticity Under Capitalism in Mieko Kawakami’s Breasts and Eggs","authors":"Aniqua Munawar, Fariha Chaudhary","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.132","url":null,"abstract":"Existentialism, a philosophy introduced in the twentieth century, is still relevant in today’s world. However, its implications have gained more dimensions since the understanding of cultural phenomena keeps deepening. Existentialism coupled with Marxism can provide us an understanding of contemporary structures and patterns of human society. Women subjected to their domestic duties and capitalism demands of contributing to the workforce form the subject of this study. Their alienation from the body is augmented by invidious patriarchal demands put on their bodies coupled with strait conditions of poverty. The study is an attempt at exploring the tenets of feminist existentialism in Mieko Kawakami’s novel Breasts and Eggs. The philosophical underpinnings underlying the study are feminist existentialism and Marxism. It will unveil the themes of embodiment, alienation, authenticity, Othering and bad faith in women who are constrained by their financial situation. The novel deals with the lives of three women in Tokyo. Their lives are characterised by their shared sense of the body and alienation. The novel highlights women’s day-to-day experiences and their quest for authenticity in a world hostile to self-assertion and authentic living.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127881629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research discusses that how international fast food chains use glocal strategies for promoting and localizing their brands in Pakistan. The major source, that these fast food chains use, is advertisements, and their focus is on the language of the target country. The purpose is to investigate the language of advertisements and how they use local language in special events of Pakistan, and thus promote their products through local language in advertisements. Qualitative research approach has been used for the analysis of advertisements and to answer the research questions. The concepts of universalizing and particularizing tendencies by Ronald (1980) and the theory of ‘Cultural Glocality’ by Fernandez (2009) with some modifications, have been used as a theoretical framework. For this purpose, top three international fast food chains such as, McDonald’s, KFC, and Pizza Hut have been selected. All the advertisements fromJanuary 2021 to June 2021 have been collected for this research. Findings reveal that international fast food chains are more popular in Pakistan because of the language they use in their advertisements to attract and convey their message to their customers. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that the main glocal strategies are the use of the local language(s), code switching, use of location, use of cultural and religious events and language features, which they exhibit through their advertisements. By using local language, they promote their products and at the same time localize themselves in Pakistan.
{"title":"Linguistic Glocalization as a Promotional Strategy by Multi-National Fast-Food Chains: A Case Of Pakistan","authors":"Amna Noor, H. Yasir","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.116","url":null,"abstract":"This research discusses that how international fast food chains use glocal strategies for promoting and localizing their brands in Pakistan. The major source, that these fast food chains use, is advertisements, and their focus is on the language of the target country. The purpose is to investigate the language of advertisements and how they use local language in special events of Pakistan, and thus promote their products through local language in advertisements. Qualitative research approach has been used for the analysis of advertisements and to answer the research questions. The concepts of universalizing and particularizing tendencies by Ronald (1980) and the theory of ‘Cultural Glocality’ by Fernandez (2009) with some modifications, have been used as a theoretical framework. For this purpose, top three international fast food chains such as, McDonald’s, KFC, and Pizza Hut have been selected. All the advertisements fromJanuary 2021 to June 2021 have been collected for this research. Findings reveal that international fast food chains are more popular in Pakistan because of the language they use in their advertisements to attract and convey their message to their customers. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that the main glocal strategies are the use of the local language(s), code switching, use of location, use of cultural and religious events and language features, which they exhibit through their advertisements. By using local language, they promote their products and at the same time localize themselves in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122994797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study in question is descriptive in nature and confirms primarily to the qualitative parameters of the research which is triangulated by the tabulation of the frequency of the lexical items. It takes into account a short story namely Provide, Provide extracted from the collection of stories entitled In Other Rooms, Other Wonders (2009) by Daniyal Mueenuddin. The selected text has been subjected to Marx’s concept of class stratification, as he sees history divided into two broad classes of oppressor and oppressed. The researcher has further scrutinized the text by applying the model of lexical cohesion expounded by Halliday and Hassan (1976). The analysis has been carried out by close reading of the text and by shining light on the instances where the glaring class divide is evident. Further, the lexical cohesion is evaluated by carrying out the analysis in manual terms along with the corpus tool AntConc 3.5.9 for more clarification. The findings indicate that the characters fall into two opposing classes which highlight the Marxian perspective prevalent in the text. Additionally, the lexical choice of the author validates the same subject matter embedded in the story. This elucubration is significant in the sense that it utilizes the both literary conception and linguistic tool for the clarification of the analysis. Therefore, it paves the way for researchers to unlock the potential in social sciences by crafting a complex of theoretical frameworks.
{"title":"Distribution should undo Excess: A Marxian Deconstruction of In Other Rooms, Other Wonders","authors":"Shaehroz Anjum Butt, Zareena Qasim, Maryam Javed","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.117","url":null,"abstract":"The study in question is descriptive in nature and confirms primarily to the qualitative parameters of the research which is triangulated by the tabulation of the frequency of the lexical items. It takes into account a short story namely Provide, Provide extracted from the collection of stories entitled In Other Rooms, Other Wonders (2009) by Daniyal Mueenuddin. The selected text has been subjected to Marx’s concept of class stratification, as he sees history divided into two broad classes of oppressor and oppressed. The researcher has further scrutinized the text by applying the model of lexical cohesion expounded by Halliday and Hassan (1976). The analysis has been carried out by close reading of the text and by shining light on the instances where the glaring class divide is evident. Further, the lexical cohesion is evaluated by carrying out the analysis in manual terms along with the corpus tool AntConc 3.5.9 for more clarification. The findings indicate that the characters fall into two opposing classes which highlight the Marxian perspective prevalent in the text. Additionally, the lexical choice of the author validates the same subject matter embedded in the story. This elucubration is significant in the sense that it utilizes the both literary conception and linguistic tool for the clarification of the analysis. Therefore, it paves the way for researchers to unlock the potential in social sciences by crafting a complex of theoretical frameworks.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122666463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An account of evil is an oxymoronic construction because, as Terry Eagleton puts it, evil is like “boarding a crowded commuter train wearing only a giant boa constrictor” i.e. incomprehensible by its very nature. However, evil has variously been described as the underbelly of religion, the backyard of morality, and inassimilable waste and byproduct of existence. In the post 9/11 fiction, problematics of evil have been dealt in three distinct and mutually contradictory ways: as a fissure in the cosmic order, as an inevitable fallout of power politics on the international stage, and finally as part of the normal human condition and thus a continuation of average everydayness. Don DeLillo’s Falling Man, an important post 9/11 work of fiction, stages all three strategies. Therefore, when the novel starts with taking up the big questions – Man vs God, good vs evil, determinism vs free will, east vs west, the narrative soon descends to the depiction of the average dailiness of the daily and the little emotional dramas it entails, leaving the fundamentals to fend for themselves.
{"title":"Accounting for the Unaccountable: The Problem of Evil in the Post 9/11 Fiction with Special Reference to Don DeLillo’s Falling Man","authors":"Umar Shehzad","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.121","url":null,"abstract":"An account of evil is an oxymoronic construction because, as Terry Eagleton puts it, evil is like “boarding a crowded commuter train wearing only a giant boa constrictor” i.e. incomprehensible by its very nature. However, evil has variously been described as the underbelly of religion, the backyard of morality, and inassimilable waste and byproduct of existence. In the post 9/11 fiction, problematics of evil have been dealt in three distinct and mutually contradictory ways: as a fissure in the cosmic order, as an inevitable fallout of power politics on the international stage, and finally as part of the normal human condition and thus a continuation of average everydayness. Don DeLillo’s Falling Man, an important post 9/11 work of fiction, stages all three strategies. Therefore, when the novel starts with taking up the big questions – Man vs God, good vs evil, determinism vs free will, east vs west, the narrative soon descends to the depiction of the average dailiness of the daily and the little emotional dramas it entails, leaving the fundamentals to fend for themselves.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121027582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stylistics uses methods of science of linguistics for textual interpretation. Language is a very important to stylisticians because diverse forms and levels that construct linguistic structure are vital index regarding textual function. The present study analyses a short story Overcoat (2014) written by Ghulam Abbas under the perspective of Leech and Short’s (2007) model of stylistic analysis. This model consists of four extensive categories. These categories are Lexical, Grammatical, Figures of Speech and Cohesion and Context. The basic idea that the selected short story contains is that we should judge people morally not materially as several people pose to be wealthy try to conceal their poverty and deprivation because elite class looks down upon them. The study reaches at the conclusion that the writer has skillfully dealt with the theme with a serene and restraint but effective language or style that is peculiar to him.
文体学运用语言学的科学方法来解释文本。语言对文体学家来说非常重要，因为构成语言结构的各种形式和层次是语篇功能的重要指标。本研究以Leech and short(2007)的文体分析模型为视角，对Ghulam Abbas的短篇小说《大衣》(2014)进行分析。该模型由四个广泛的类别组成。这些范畴包括词汇、语法、修辞、衔接和语境。这篇短篇小说所包含的基本思想是，我们应该在道德上判断一个人，而不是在物质上判断一个人，因为一些人假装很富有，试图掩盖他们的贫穷和剥夺，因为精英阶层看不起他们。研究得出结论，作者以其特有的平静克制而有效的语言或风格巧妙地处理了主题。
{"title":"Style in Fiction: A Stylistic Analysis of Overcoat by Ghulam Abbas","authors":"Mumtaz Hussain, Wasim Hassan Malik, Sabeeha Rehman","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.122","url":null,"abstract":"Stylistics uses methods of science of linguistics for textual interpretation. Language is a very important to stylisticians because diverse forms and levels that construct linguistic structure are vital index regarding textual function. The present study analyses a short story Overcoat (2014) written by Ghulam Abbas under the perspective of Leech and Short’s (2007) model of stylistic analysis. This model consists of four extensive categories. These categories are Lexical, Grammatical, Figures of Speech and Cohesion and Context. The basic idea that the selected short story contains is that we should judge people morally not materially as several people pose to be wealthy try to conceal their poverty and deprivation because elite class looks down upon them. The study reaches at the conclusion that the writer has skillfully dealt with the theme with a serene and restraint but effective language or style that is peculiar to him.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129725078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to extract the elements of Obsessive?Compulsive Disorder hereinafter OCD found in the personality traits of the main character of the novel Turtles All The Way Down written by an American author John Green. As defined by Csigo, 2021, “OCD is a disorder of personality organization and ego-organization.” The novel operates at the two levels of the story: on one level, there is a romantic story going on between Aza Holmes and Davis Pickett while on the other hand, there is an inner conflict of Aza that is because of her mental illness, known as OCD. To demonstrate the traits of mental illness in the character of Aza, the Psychodynamic Theory of OCD has been applied to the selected content of the novel. The method for study is based on qualitative research method and the model is descriptive. The references from the novel has been extracted to carry out the analysis of the novel in the light ofPsychodynamic Theory of OCD. It has been found and confirmed by the results of analysis that the female protagonist of Green’s novel is patient of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the traits of OCD are reflected throughout the novel in Aza’s behavior.
{"title":"A Psychodynamic Perspective of the Protagonists in the Novel \"Turtles all the Way Down\" by John Green","authors":"Areej Fatime, M. Mehdi","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i2.126","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to extract the elements of Obsessive?Compulsive Disorder hereinafter OCD found in the personality traits of the main character of the novel Turtles All The Way Down written by an American author John Green. As defined by Csigo, 2021, “OCD is a disorder of personality organization and ego-organization.” The novel operates at the two levels of the story: on one level, there is a romantic story going on between Aza Holmes and Davis Pickett while on the other hand, there is an inner conflict of Aza that is because of her mental illness, known as OCD. To demonstrate the traits of mental illness in the character of Aza, the Psychodynamic Theory of OCD has been applied to the selected content of the novel. The method for study is based on qualitative research method and the model is descriptive. The references from the novel has been extracted to carry out the analysis of the novel in the light ofPsychodynamic Theory of OCD. It has been found and confirmed by the results of analysis that the female protagonist of Green’s novel is patient of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the traits of OCD are reflected throughout the novel in Aza’s behavior.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploiting Glen S. Close’s study (2008), this paper attempts to explicate the position Fernanda Melchor occupies on the Hispanic literary scene: how her novels Hurricane Season and Paradais fit in the packed ranks of Hispanic crime fiction, the novela negra; how they are beholden to their antecedents and the differences they have with said antecedents. Amply endowed with the grim workings of the novela negra, both novels are quite comparable with their contemporaries. In the long line of novela negra authors, Melchor is a rare female, delving into crime and showing it to the world through the eyes of a woman, highlighting the addictions, the violence, the corruption, the debauchery endemic in Mexican society and the misogyny underlying most of them. Locked in an incessant battle of survival, her characters are mirthless, helpless, and ruthless, breeding vicious and virulent violence against each other and themselves.
本文利用格伦·s·克洛斯(Glen S. Close, 2008)的研究，试图解释费尔南达·梅尔乔在西班牙文坛上的地位:她的小说《飓风季节》和《天堂》如何在西班牙犯罪小说、黑人小说的拥挤行列中占有一席之地;他们是如何受惠于他们的前辈，以及他们与前辈之间的差异。这两部小说都充分体现了黑人中篇小说的冷酷手法，完全可以与同时代的小说相媲美。在众多黑人中篇小说作家中，梅尔乔是一个罕见的女性，她深入研究犯罪，并通过一个女人的眼睛向世界展示，突出了墨西哥社会普遍存在的成瘾、暴力、腐败、放荡，以及其中大多数背后的厌女症。她笔下的人物被困在无休止的生存之战中，郁郁寡欢、无助、无情，彼此之间和自己之间滋生了恶毒和恶毒的暴力。
{"title":"Evolution of Hispanic Crime Fiction in Fernanda Melchor's Hurricane Season and Paradais","authors":"Mehran Ahmad, Aamer Shaheen, Muhammad Asif Khan","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Exploiting Glen S. Close’s study (2008), this paper attempts to explicate the position Fernanda Melchor occupies on the Hispanic literary scene: how her novels Hurricane Season and Paradais fit in the packed ranks of Hispanic crime fiction, the novela negra; how they are beholden to their antecedents and the differences they have with said antecedents. Amply endowed with the grim workings of the novela negra, both novels are quite comparable with their contemporaries. In the long line of novela negra authors, Melchor is a rare female, delving into crime and showing it to the world through the eyes of a woman, highlighting the addictions, the violence, the corruption, the debauchery endemic in Mexican society and the misogyny underlying most of them. Locked in an incessant battle of survival, her characters are mirthless, helpless, and ruthless, breeding vicious and virulent violence against each other and themselves.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"370 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122152703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glossaries are created to provide information on a wide range of words and their usage, as well as to improve people's intercultural knowledge. This article covers the process of developing a bilingual English-Urdu glossary, with a focus on the tourism industry. It outlines all steps taken for the glossary compilation process and analyses the issues that glossary writers confront when working with a large number of foreign terminology, as well as their possible solutions. It demonstrates that certain decisions are made at various stages to provide an effective bilingual glossary product for users. The article suggests that bilingual glossaries be developed using a methodological approach that effectively meets the needs of dictionary users.
{"title":"Developing Bilingual Glossary (English-Urdu) for Tourists: A systematic Approach","authors":"U. Sadia, Muhammad Javed Iqbal, H. Qasim","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.81","url":null,"abstract":"Glossaries are created to provide information on a wide range of words and their usage, as well as to improve people's intercultural knowledge. This article covers the process of developing a bilingual English-Urdu glossary, with a focus on the tourism industry. It outlines all steps taken for the glossary compilation process and analyses the issues that glossary writers confront when working with a large number of foreign terminology, as well as their possible solutions. It demonstrates that certain decisions are made at various stages to provide an effective bilingual glossary product for users. The article suggests that bilingual glossaries be developed using a methodological approach that effectively meets the needs of dictionary users.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125439835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awais Shafiq, Abdullah Shafiq, Muhammad Shafiq Baloch
Originally, cloze procedure was introduced by Taylor (1953) in order to assess reading comprehension in the first language. The usefulness of close procedure has often been asserted as it is considered easy to administer and evaluate (Sadeghi, 2021) L1 and L2 reading comprehension. The present study was conducted to find out the impact of cloze instruction on the success in guessing abilities of L2 learners. The impact of function words and content words on the correct guesses of the deleted words was also explored. The theoretical framework given by Bengleil and Paribakht (2004) was adopted with some modifications. The study employed the texts of letters published in newspaper Pakistan Observer. Both control and experimental groups were asked to think aloud their thoughts processes during their hunt for the missing words. The instructional model CALLA___ presented by Chamot and O’ Malley (1994) _ was used. While the experimental group received cloze instruction, the control group was taught in the traditional way.The findings have revealed that after receiving instruction treatment the experimental group outperformed the control group in finding out the appropriate words for the blanks. Furthermore, the subjects of study made more successful attempts for the deleted function words than the deleted content words in the cloze texts.
最初，完形填空是Taylor(1953)为了评估母语阅读理解能力而引入的。闭合过程的有用性经常被断言，因为它被认为易于管理和评估(Sadeghi, 2021)。本研究旨在探讨完形填空教学对二语学习者猜词能力的影响。探讨虚词和实词对被删词正确猜测的影响。本文采用了Bengleil和Paribakht(2004)给出的理论框架，并进行了一些修改。这项研究采用了刊登在《巴基斯坦观察报》上的信件文本。对照组和实验组都被要求在寻找缺失单词的过程中大声思考他们的想法。采用Chamot and O’Malley(1994)提出的教学模式CALLA___。实验组采用完形填空教学，对照组采用传统填空教学。研究结果表明，在接受指导治疗后，实验组在为空白找出合适的单词方面表现优于对照组。此外，在完形填空语篇中，被试对删除虚词的尝试比删除实词的尝试更成功。
{"title":"Closing the Gaps in Cloze Letters to Editor: A Verbal Protocol Study","authors":"Awais Shafiq, Abdullah Shafiq, Muhammad Shafiq Baloch","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.76","url":null,"abstract":"Originally, cloze procedure was introduced by Taylor (1953) in order to assess reading comprehension in the first language. The usefulness of close procedure has often been asserted as it is considered easy to administer and evaluate (Sadeghi, 2021) L1 and L2 reading comprehension. The present study was conducted to find out the impact of cloze instruction on the success in guessing abilities of L2 learners. The impact of function words and content words on the correct guesses of the deleted words was also explored. The theoretical framework given by Bengleil and Paribakht (2004) was adopted with some modifications. The study employed the texts of letters published in newspaper Pakistan Observer. Both control and experimental groups were asked to think aloud their thoughts processes during their hunt for the missing words. The instructional model CALLA___ presented by Chamot and O’ Malley (1994) _ was used. While the experimental group received cloze instruction, the control group was taught in the traditional way.The findings have revealed that after receiving instruction treatment the experimental group outperformed the control group in finding out the appropriate words for the blanks. Furthermore, the subjects of study made more successful attempts for the deleted function words than the deleted content words in the cloze texts.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114498787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper is aimed at uncovering the fact that people’s gender identities which appear as ‘real’ turn out to be society’s predefined notions about men and women. Therefore, this study is intended at unveiling the existence of diverse gender realities hidden behind the socially constructed realities with reference to Hamid’s novel Exit West (2017). In order to analyze this perspective on gender in the said novel, Butler’s (1999) concept of ‘performativity’ serves as a valuable lens. Her concept of ‘performativity’ revolves around the importance of ‘doing’ rather than ‘being’ in defining one’s gender identity. By putting an emphasis on this notion of ‘doing’, the present research focuses on the analysis of the central characters namely Saeed and Nadia in Hamid’s novel. Maintaining Butler’s (1999) view, this study explores that Saeed and Nadia’s gender identities depend on what they ‘do’ in different contexts, rather than on what they ‘are’. It exposes how the protagonists have to assume certain roles under the compulsion of social norms in order to fit in the society they live in. In this sense, this research paper determines that Hamid’s novel not only unmasks certain gender stereotypes, but also breaks them by depicting its protagonists’ performance of alternative gender roles in different contexts. In the light of analysis done with the implication of Butler’s (1999) concept of‘performativity’, the paper also suggests that Exit West (2017) can be regarded as an important initiative to redefine and reconstruct the notion of gender identities through text.
{"title":"Unveiling ‘Reality’ behind ‘Social Reality’: Breaking Gender Stereotypes and Reconstructing Identities in Hamid’s Exit West","authors":"Mamona, Asra Khan, Uzma Sadiq","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.101","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is aimed at uncovering the fact that people’s gender identities which appear as ‘real’ turn out to be society’s predefined notions about men and women. Therefore, this study is intended at unveiling the existence of diverse gender realities hidden behind the socially constructed realities with reference to Hamid’s novel Exit West (2017). In order to analyze this perspective on gender in the said novel, Butler’s (1999) concept of ‘performativity’ serves as a valuable lens. Her concept of ‘performativity’ revolves around the importance of ‘doing’ rather than ‘being’ in defining one’s gender identity. By putting an emphasis on this notion of ‘doing’, the present research focuses on the analysis of the central characters namely Saeed and Nadia in Hamid’s novel. Maintaining Butler’s (1999) view, this study explores that Saeed and Nadia’s gender identities depend on what they ‘do’ in different contexts, rather than on what they ‘are’. It exposes how the protagonists have to assume certain roles under the compulsion of social norms in order to fit in the society they live in. In this sense, this research paper determines that Hamid’s novel not only unmasks certain gender stereotypes, but also breaks them by depicting its protagonists’ performance of alternative gender roles in different contexts. In the light of analysis done with the implication of Butler’s (1999) concept of‘performativity’, the paper also suggests that Exit West (2017) can be regarded as an important initiative to redefine and reconstruct the notion of gender identities through text.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124493044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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