In the present era of technology, cyber-bullying on social media is a rising concern all over the world. The current study aims at exploring the language used by bullies among university students on social media especially Facebook and Instagram so as to unfold how bullies exploit their fellows for dominance. The data was collected from five students of the university with the age ranging from 20-25 years. The participants provided the data in the form of screenshots of the chats. For the analysis of the data, Van Dijk’s three-dimensional model was used to analyze the discourse on three levels: text, social cognition, and social context in the context of the principles of Critical Discourse Analysis. The results and discussion revealed that the bullies exploited the victims via their language to achieve certain goals which included blackmailing and making the victims feel inferior by targeting their weak points. The study concluded that the bullies targeted the weaker fellows in the circle and maintained an imbalance of power by using harsh, offensive, abusive, and target-specific words. The victims faced despair, nervousness, hopelessness, insecurity, and in some cases psychological pressure leading to suicidal behavior.
{"title":"A Critical Discourse Analysis of Cyberbullying Among University Students in Pakistan","authors":"Muzmmal Haider, F. Yasmin, Sharjeel Ashraf","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.79","url":null,"abstract":"In the present era of technology, cyber-bullying on social media is a rising concern all over the world. The current study aims at exploring the language used by bullies among university students on social media especially Facebook and Instagram so as to unfold how bullies exploit their fellows for dominance. The data was collected from five students of the university with the age ranging from 20-25 years. The participants provided the data in the form of screenshots of the chats. For the analysis of the data, Van Dijk’s three-dimensional model was used to analyze the discourse on three levels: text, social cognition, and social context in the context of the principles of Critical Discourse Analysis. The results and discussion revealed that the bullies exploited the victims via their language to achieve certain goals which included blackmailing and making the victims feel inferior by targeting their weak points. The study concluded that the bullies targeted the weaker fellows in the circle and maintained an imbalance of power by using harsh, offensive, abusive, and target-specific words. The victims faced despair, nervousness, hopelessness, insecurity, and in some cases psychological pressure leading to suicidal behavior.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124805488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Snobra Rizwan, Hafiz Abdul Haseeb Hakimi, Muzzafar Qadir Bhatti
This article focuses on the way the identity of a particular person is (re)constructed by different groups of a society. For this purpose, this article takes the case study of Malala Yousafzai and discusses how her identity is (re)constructed and (mis)represented by different groups on Pakistani social media through particular discursive choices. For this purpose, it particularly focuses on interdiscursivity, and integrates it with systemic functional representation. The social media users construct Malala Yousafzai’s identity in such a way that the past events of her life are constantly (re)echoed and foregrounded in order to interpret her identity at present. Moreover, the past events of her life are recontexualized through implicit and explicit interdiscursive references.
{"title":"Representation through interdiscursive references: A systemic functional (re)construction of Malala Yousufzai’s identity on Pakistani social media","authors":"Snobra Rizwan, Hafiz Abdul Haseeb Hakimi, Muzzafar Qadir Bhatti","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.43","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the way the identity of a particular person is (re)constructed by different groups of a society. For this purpose, this article takes the case study of Malala Yousafzai and discusses how her identity is (re)constructed and (mis)represented by different groups on Pakistani social media through particular discursive choices. For this purpose, it particularly focuses on interdiscursivity, and integrates it with systemic functional representation. The social media users construct Malala Yousafzai’s identity in such a way that the past events of her life are constantly (re)echoed and foregrounded in order to interpret her identity at present. Moreover, the past events of her life are recontexualized through implicit and explicit interdiscursive references.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123878588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reworks the notion of “claustrophobia,” symbolically in relevance to expatriate fiction writing. Claustrophobia is an individual’s fear of being confined in an enclosed space. Qualitative in nature, this paper critically investigates Monica Ali’s Brick Lane (2003) that delineates a constant fear in the immigrant characters alienated from their host country. Globalisation owes much to provide rationale for the current study. Within the larger context of Diaspora, Sarup’s notion of migration, with both negative and positive implications, is used as a theoretical framework to study the juncture of expatriate desire of home and examine how exile causes an irrational fear entrapping immigrants in the wake of socio-cultural and economic differences. The present study refers to it as a state of “being ambivalent” and concludes that exile (forced or by choice) though deadening, regenerates life for those who exercise their energies to combat their existing situations. For others, it proves fatal. The study significantly provides an insight into South Asian culture and norms in comparison to British culture and through Ali’s work challenges the allegation against women’s writings being limited in experience, non-scientific and “womanly.
{"title":"Claustrophobia in Monica Ali’s Brick Lane: Negotiating the Past with the Present","authors":"Humaira Riaz, Asfandyar Shah","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.90","url":null,"abstract":"This article reworks the notion of “claustrophobia,” symbolically in relevance to expatriate fiction writing. Claustrophobia is an individual’s fear of being confined in an enclosed space. Qualitative in nature, this paper critically investigates Monica Ali’s Brick Lane (2003) that delineates a constant fear in the immigrant characters alienated from their host country. Globalisation owes much to provide rationale for the current study. Within the larger context of Diaspora, Sarup’s notion of migration, with both negative and positive implications, is used as a theoretical framework to study the juncture of expatriate desire of home and examine how exile causes an irrational fear entrapping immigrants in the wake of socio-cultural and economic differences. The present study refers to it as a state of “being ambivalent” and concludes that exile (forced or by choice) though deadening, regenerates life for those who exercise their energies to combat their existing situations. For others, it proves fatal. The study significantly provides an insight into South Asian culture and norms in comparison to British culture and through Ali’s work challenges the allegation against women’s writings being limited in experience, non-scientific and “womanly.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125817550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. U. Rehman, Saima Akhter Chattha, Zia Ullah Khan Niazi
Focusing on Sara Mill’s Feminist stylistics in A House for Mr. Biswas (1961) by V.S. Naipaul (1961), the article provides an alternative understanding of the novel through the lens of the undertaken framework to reveal marginalization on gender basis. The disparity of the socio- cultural roles of men and women in the novel through a particular use of language divulges gender inequality in a society. The preference of masculinity engrossed in of preferable patriarchal titles, names, generic pronouns and professions leads to a gender labeling. The disparaging portrayal of women in the fictional representation of a postcolonial work manifests that women are discriminated against. It is substantial, therefore, to problematize gender representation through the application of “toolkit” (Mills, 1995, p.2). It is also one of the significant theoretical frameworks that critiques a literary piece to unearth concealed objectives wrought in an implicit and explicit language-use. Naipaul in the selected work represents through a language use - word, phrase/sentence, discourse to demonstrate how rampant socio-cultural gender norms play a pivotal role in upholding gender inequality. Therefore, the study concludes that submissive role of women through the specific use of discourse makes the application of feminist stylistics more pertinent to highlight the stereotypical gender norms that are used to strengthen patriarchal hegemony. Hence, socio-cultural gender norms with the collusion of a specific discourse used in the novel are coded for dominance of patriarchy and segregation of women subsequently.
本文以奈保尔(V.S. Naipaul, 1961)在《比斯瓦斯先生的房子》(A House for Mr. Biswas, 1961)中萨拉·密尔的女权主义文体学为中心，通过承担框架的视角，提供了对小说的另一种理解，以揭示基于性别的边缘化。小说中男女社会文化角色的差异，通过一种特殊的语言运用，揭示了社会中的性别不平等。对男性气质的偏爱集中在更受欢迎的男权头衔、名字、通用代词和职业上，导致了性别标签。后殖民主义小说中对女性的贬抑表现了对女性的歧视。因此，通过应用“工具箱”(Mills, 1995年，第2页)将性别代表性问题化是非常重要的。它也是文学批评的重要理论框架之一，揭示隐性和显性语言使用中隐藏的目的。奈保尔在作品选集中通过语言的使用——单词、短语/句子、话语来展示猖獗的社会文化性别规范如何在维护性别不平等方面发挥关键作用。因此，研究得出结论，女性通过话语的特定使用所扮演的顺从角色，使得女性主义文体学的应用更有针对性地突出了用于加强父权霸权的刻板性别规范。因此，社会文化性别规范与小说中使用的特定话语的勾结被编码为父权统治和随后的女性隔离。
{"title":"Decoding of a Gendered Marginalized Discourse in V.S. Naipaul’s A House for Mr. Biswas","authors":"M. A. U. Rehman, Saima Akhter Chattha, Zia Ullah Khan Niazi","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.86","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on Sara Mill’s Feminist stylistics in A House for Mr. Biswas (1961) by V.S. Naipaul (1961), the article provides an alternative understanding of the novel through the lens of the undertaken framework to reveal marginalization on gender basis. The disparity of the socio- cultural roles of men and women in the novel through a particular use of language divulges gender inequality in a society. The preference of masculinity engrossed in of preferable patriarchal titles, names, generic pronouns and professions leads to a gender labeling. The disparaging portrayal of women in the fictional representation of a postcolonial work manifests that women are discriminated against. It is substantial, therefore, to problematize gender representation through the application of “toolkit” (Mills, 1995, p.2). It is also one of the significant theoretical frameworks that critiques a literary piece to unearth concealed objectives wrought in an implicit and explicit language-use. Naipaul in the selected work represents through a language use - word, phrase/sentence, discourse to demonstrate how rampant socio-cultural gender norms play a pivotal role in upholding gender inequality. Therefore, the study concludes that submissive role of women through the specific use of discourse makes the application of feminist stylistics more pertinent to highlight the stereotypical gender norms that are used to strengthen patriarchal hegemony. Hence, socio-cultural gender norms with the collusion of a specific discourse used in the novel are coded for dominance of patriarchy and segregation of women subsequently.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114878031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to explore the perception of aspiring teachers on promoting the education of sustainability (ESD). The ideology of ESD is paramount being one of the lifelong skills of 21st century. ESD empowers pupils to take informed decisions about the integrity of environment and economy keeping in view the cultural diversity. The study aims to explore the perception of aspiring teachers on promoting the education of sustainability (ESD) in the curriculum of teachers ‘education. The fundamental emphasizes of this paper is gathering a variety of participants’ perception of the implementation of ESD in teachers’ education curriculum. The paper utilized the primary qualitative design and conducted semi-structured interviews to have an in-depth analysis of the perception of final year students enrolled in B.Ed. program. The data is analyzed using the technique of thematic analysis. Three themes emerged out of the analysis (1) the role of primary education, (2) sustainability issues such as knowledge, understanding and attitudes, and (3) attitudes towards ESD. The findings reflected that teacher (enrolled in B.Ed.) positively opined incorporating ESD in the curriculum of teaching education to allow them to improve the existing practices. They suggested that this inclusion will help them save environment while promoting such practices among their students. Resultantly, it would lead to environmentally sustainable future. All the participants were of the view that ESD was no doubt highly desirable. The participants comprehended that ESD could be incorporated in various disciplines like science, history, geography etc. to promote the idea of sustainability across all the disciplines, In this Research Context ESD carries a lot of importance as the interview questions and answers provided a very clear-cut insight of the novice teachers who were enthusiastic to bring this innovation in the primary education by volunteering themselves to learn and educate themselves first for a successful implementation of ESD.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Perception of Teachers on the Inclusion of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) In the Curriculum of Teacher Education","authors":"Qurratulain Ershad, Umaima Kamran, Lubna Umar","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.84","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to explore the perception of aspiring teachers on promoting the education of sustainability (ESD). The ideology of ESD is paramount being one of the lifelong skills of 21st century. ESD empowers pupils to take informed decisions about the integrity of environment and economy keeping in view the cultural diversity. The study aims to explore the perception of aspiring teachers on promoting the education of sustainability (ESD) in the curriculum of teachers ‘education. The fundamental emphasizes of this paper is gathering a variety of participants’ perception of the implementation of ESD in teachers’ education curriculum. The paper utilized the primary qualitative design and conducted semi-structured interviews to have an in-depth analysis of the perception of final year students enrolled in B.Ed. program. The data is analyzed using the technique of thematic analysis. Three themes emerged out of the analysis (1) the role of primary education, (2) sustainability issues such as knowledge, understanding and attitudes, and (3) attitudes towards ESD. The findings reflected that teacher (enrolled in B.Ed.) positively opined incorporating ESD in the curriculum of teaching education to allow them to improve the existing practices. They suggested that this inclusion will help them save environment while promoting such practices among their students. Resultantly, it would lead to environmentally sustainable future. All the participants were of the view that ESD was no doubt highly desirable. The participants comprehended that ESD could be incorporated in various disciplines like science, history, geography etc. to promote the idea of sustainability across all the disciplines, In this Research Context ESD carries a lot of importance as the interview questions and answers provided a very clear-cut insight of the novice teachers who were enthusiastic to bring this innovation in the primary education by volunteering themselves to learn and educate themselves first for a successful implementation of ESD.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"52 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124217489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan Bin Zubair, Syeda Sughra Naqvi, Iqra Khadam
This research explores Manju Kapur's Home from the perspective of modernity. Tensions between tradition and modernity, represented in the novel can be viewed against the influence of a western culture that has taken place in the 21st century within the lives of people in India. Ideological stance on the notions of tradition vs. modernity in respect to the conflicting issue, through the characters as Nisha, Rupa, Yashpal, Ajay, Vijaya, and Raju, where they almost abandoned their parental business style, traditional thinking and moves ahead of their way either in their business or in the family life. Characters in the novel are deviated from their social norms and values due to the influences of western values on Indian society is a sign of modernity. This research is qualitative in nature. This research approaches Kapur's Home from the theoretical perspectives of modernity that have appeared in the studies of Jurgen Habermas, Immanuel Kant, Michel Foucault, Peter Wagner, Dilip Parmeshwar Gaonkar, and Ziauddin Saradar. This research finds that joint family divides into a single settlement, characters start to adopt modernity, forgetting their traditional norms and values for their benefit.
{"title":"Cultural Stance on The Notion of Tradition VS Modernity in Manju Kapur’s Contemporary Fiction","authors":"Hassan Bin Zubair, Syeda Sughra Naqvi, Iqra Khadam","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.92","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores Manju Kapur's Home from the perspective of modernity. Tensions between tradition and modernity, represented in the novel can be viewed against the influence of a western culture that has taken place in the 21st century within the lives of people in India. Ideological stance on the notions of tradition vs. modernity in respect to the conflicting issue, through the characters as Nisha, Rupa, Yashpal, Ajay, Vijaya, and Raju, where they almost abandoned their parental business style, traditional thinking and moves ahead of their way either in their business or in the family life. Characters in the novel are deviated from their social norms and values due to the influences of western values on Indian society is a sign of modernity. This research is qualitative in nature. This research approaches Kapur's Home from the theoretical perspectives of modernity that have appeared in the studies of Jurgen Habermas, Immanuel Kant, Michel Foucault, Peter Wagner, Dilip Parmeshwar Gaonkar, and Ziauddin Saradar. This research finds that joint family divides into a single settlement, characters start to adopt modernity, forgetting their traditional norms and values for their benefit.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to evaluate the phonics content in primary level textbooks by Punjab textbook board and the assessment schemes from the perspectives of their strengths and weak aspects for teaching and assessing phonics as an oral skill. The scope for the technology-enhanced learning and assessing tools is also highlighted as a supporting tool for phonics teaching in government school system for the leaners and teachers simultaneously. Following a qualitative approach, the methodology of document analysis was adopted to carry out the evaluation through researcher made checklists. The English textbooks taught from KG-Grade V were surveyed thoroughly to investigate the phonics related activities given in each unit of book; the formative and summative assessment schemes were also probed into to explore the synchronization between teaching and assessment material. The findings realized a serious discrepancy that phonics content in the textbooks despite being relevant and appropriate could be potentially exploited to be taught through alphabetic method in case of not supported with some audio-visual material. Assessment schemes related to phonics skill of primary grade learners also assessed it mostly through written exercises that can have serious impact on the teaching practices and methodology of teachers as they may tend to make the learners cram the phonics concepts instead of uttering the sounds and develop the sound-letter association. On the basis of these findings, recommendations are made to use technology-enhanced tools for phonics teaching at primary level as supporting materials and assessing it as an oral skill.
{"title":"Evaluation of Phonics Content in PTB Primary Grade Text Books and Assessment Schemes: Scope for Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (TELL) and Assessment Tools","authors":"Sadia Malik, Saiqa Imtiaz Asif","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.85","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to evaluate the phonics content in primary level textbooks by Punjab textbook board and the assessment schemes from the perspectives of their strengths and weak aspects for teaching and assessing phonics as an oral skill. The scope for the technology-enhanced learning and assessing tools is also highlighted as a supporting tool for phonics teaching in government school system for the leaners and teachers simultaneously. Following a qualitative approach, the methodology of document analysis was adopted to carry out the evaluation through researcher made checklists. The English textbooks taught from KG-Grade V were surveyed thoroughly to investigate the phonics related activities given in each unit of book; the formative and summative assessment schemes were also probed into to explore the synchronization between teaching and assessment material. The findings realized a serious discrepancy that phonics content in the textbooks despite being relevant and appropriate could be potentially exploited to be taught through alphabetic method in case of not supported with some audio-visual material. Assessment schemes related to phonics skill of primary grade learners also assessed it mostly through written exercises that can have serious impact on the teaching practices and methodology of teachers as they may tend to make the learners cram the phonics concepts instead of uttering the sounds and develop the sound-letter association. On the basis of these findings, recommendations are made to use technology-enhanced tools for phonics teaching at primary level as supporting materials and assessing it as an oral skill.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129670332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study intends to find out the position of women living in Pakistan during the process of their self-discovery and search for identity to become strong enough for an honourable survival. The study has been conducted through a textual analysis of Sidhwa’s novel The Bride while focusing on language, different customs and events represented by the author to highlight the patriarchal structures. The study also examines that women have been treated as commodities and objects without caring for their desires. Their disrespect of patriarchal notions may deprive them of existence as human beings. It pinpoints that women are oppressed, subjugated and marginalized through patriarchal structures rampant in the society like marriage, family and the concept of hounour. Any struggle to get liberation from oppression results in sexist violence.
{"title":"Unraveling Proprietorial Patriarchal Structures: A Study of Sidhwa’s The Bride","authors":"Behzad Anwar, Shamshad Rasool, Saiqa Imtiaz Asif","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.82","url":null,"abstract":"This study intends to find out the position of women living in Pakistan during the process of their self-discovery and search for identity to become strong enough for an honourable survival. The study has been conducted through a textual analysis of Sidhwa’s novel The Bride while focusing on language, different customs and events represented by the author to highlight the patriarchal structures. The study also examines that women have been treated as commodities and objects without caring for their desires. Their disrespect of patriarchal notions may deprive them of existence as human beings. It pinpoints that women are oppressed, subjugated and marginalized through patriarchal structures rampant in the society like marriage, family and the concept of hounour. Any struggle to get liberation from oppression results in sexist violence.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127735547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Pakistani EFL context where speaking skill is hardly assessed, it becomes a challenging task for a researcher to find an appropriate and valid instrument to observe and analyse the speaking activities and the learning on the basis of these activities. This study is to validate the adapted versions of instruments of Student Oral Language Observation Matrix (SOLOM) and the Group Participation Observation Checklist. From SOLOM only fluency measurement scale was adapted and used for this study. These instruments were piloted and the data was collected through video recording of a class and audio recordings of interviews of two participants. For validity check the data was shared with three inter-raters for Inter-Rater reliability. The data was analysed using the Percentage agreement of raters and Cohen Kappa coefficient. The results validated the instruments and the instruments were found appropriate to be used in the main study with slight changes.
{"title":"An EFL Classroom Oral Language and Group Work Observation: A Pilot Study","authors":"Ishfaque Ahmed Abbasi, Elizabeth M. Anthony","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.87","url":null,"abstract":"In Pakistani EFL context where speaking skill is hardly assessed, it becomes a challenging task for a researcher to find an appropriate and valid instrument to observe and analyse the speaking activities and the learning on the basis of these activities. This study is to validate the adapted versions of instruments of Student Oral Language Observation Matrix (SOLOM) and the Group Participation Observation Checklist. From SOLOM only fluency measurement scale was adapted and used for this study. These instruments were piloted and the data was collected through video recording of a class and audio recordings of interviews of two participants. For validity check the data was shared with three inter-raters for Inter-Rater reliability. The data was analysed using the Percentage agreement of raters and Cohen Kappa coefficient. The results validated the instruments and the instruments were found appropriate to be used in the main study with slight changes.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122684111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research is an exploration of the interplay between simulacrum, hyper-reality and identity as presented in Hamid’s fiction. Simulation and hyper-reality created through media and globalization profoundly affect the socio-cultural identities of the various male and female characters in the novel in both positive and negative ways. Furthermore, consumer capitalism, westernization and hyper-mediated experiences make the characters believe in false realities thus leading them to chaos and identity crisis. These hyper-realties push the characters to undergo mental, emotional, psychological and socio-cultural conflicts. Thus, in an attempt to seek their identity and true self through blind imitation of the western culture, they are led further away from their cultural roots. The theoretical insights for this study shall be drawn from postmodern theory, specifically Baudrillard’s concept of simulacrum and hyper-reality. This qualitative inquiry shall be carried out by close reading and analysis of the selected textual lines in the context of the chosen framework. The significance of this research lies in the fact that it demonstrates how fictional characters specifically and humans generally are increasingly pushed to dwell in a hyper-reality created through simulation due to globalization. The repercussions of which are far reaching including a crisis of one’s own identity and perception of self in a society that is increasingly being disoriented due to the flux of globalization.
{"title":"The Interplay of Simulacrum, Hyper-reality and Distorted Identity in Hamid’s Fiction: A Postmodern Paradigm","authors":"Fariha Chaudhary, Syeda Amarah Zahid","doi":"10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.44","url":null,"abstract":"The present research is an exploration of the interplay between simulacrum, hyper-reality and identity as presented in Hamid’s fiction. Simulation and hyper-reality created through media and globalization profoundly affect the socio-cultural identities of the various male and female characters in the novel in both positive and negative ways. Furthermore, consumer capitalism, westernization and hyper-mediated experiences make the characters believe in false realities thus leading them to chaos and identity crisis. These hyper-realties push the characters to undergo mental, emotional, psychological and socio-cultural conflicts. Thus, in an attempt to seek their identity and true self through blind imitation of the western culture, they are led further away from their cultural roots. The theoretical insights for this study shall be drawn from postmodern theory, specifically Baudrillard’s concept of simulacrum and hyper-reality. This qualitative inquiry shall be carried out by close reading and analysis of the selected textual lines in the context of the chosen framework. The significance of this research lies in the fact that it demonstrates how fictional characters specifically and humans generally are increasingly pushed to dwell in a hyper-reality created through simulation due to globalization. The repercussions of which are far reaching including a crisis of one’s own identity and perception of self in a society that is increasingly being disoriented due to the flux of globalization.","PeriodicalId":161767,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Linguistics and Culture","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124903349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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