Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/jkp/2021/130202
Rana Ismaeel Khaleel, Asma Hadi Mohammed
Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticle (NP) was synthesized by a simple chemical method. The CaONPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and UV-absorption spectral studies. The average crystallite size was found to be ≈36nm and the band gap energy of the CaO nanoparticle was 1.9 eV. Toxicity tests were performed on adult rabbits dosed with compound CaONPs for a period of (3 weeks). Areas of necrosis, hemorrhages, and degenerations were seen histopathologically in the kidney, and liver after 3 weeks of administration of CaONPs, the data of hematology obtained was statistically evaluated using Finney’s Probit Analysis and the Toxicity test performed revealed that the Ld50 value was 0.5ml/kg. This study found that an increase in the proportion of calcium oxide in the blood leads to damage to the organs, like the liver and kidneys that are responsible for filtering the blood.
{"title":"Toxicity of CaO Nanoparticles effect on Haematology and Histopathology of male Rabbits","authors":"Rana Ismaeel Khaleel, Asma Hadi Mohammed","doi":"10.31257/2018/jkp/2021/130202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/jkp/2021/130202","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticle (NP) was synthesized by a simple chemical method. The CaONPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and UV-absorption spectral studies. The average crystallite size was found to be ≈36nm and the band gap energy of the CaO nanoparticle was 1.9 eV. Toxicity tests were performed on adult rabbits dosed with compound CaONPs for a period of (3 weeks). Areas of necrosis, hemorrhages, and degenerations were seen histopathologically in the kidney, and liver after 3 weeks of administration of CaONPs, the data of hematology obtained was statistically evaluated using Finney’s Probit Analysis and the Toxicity test performed revealed that the Ld50 value was 0.5ml/kg. This study found that an increase in the proportion of calcium oxide in the blood leads to damage to the organs, like the liver and kidneys that are responsible for filtering the blood.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83833788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120203
H. Jawad, A. S. Baron
Since there are no previous studies conducted for calculating Kufa turbidity parameters considering that the urban pollutions is less than that of the Kufa city. For this The prior location of the Faculty of science telescope was chosen to make such observation using a 60 mm solar telescope Coronado of Hα filter equipped with CCD DSI III pro connected to laptop computer . Sun Fits images were captured under a clear sky as well as dusty conditions. Two types of images were classified, one in the clear sky and the other in dusty weather. Matlab code was used to estimate sun intensities in order to calculate aerosol optical depth and Ångström turbidity parameters from sun images. These values are expressing the normality behavior with nearer places in territorial region.
由于考虑到库法市的城市污染比库法市小，目前还没有对库法浊度参数的计算进行研究。为此，选择科学学院望远镜的优先位置，使用60毫米太阳望远镜科罗纳多Hα滤光片，配备CCD DSI III pro连接笔记本电脑进行观测。Sun Fits的照片是在晴朗的天空和多尘的条件下拍摄的。两种类型的图像被分类，一种在晴朗的天空中，另一种在尘土飞扬的天气中。利用Matlab代码估计太阳强度，从太阳图像中计算气溶胶光学深度和Ångström浊度参数。这些数值表达的是在领土区域内距离较近的正常行为。
{"title":"Using Sun Fits images for calculation of terrestrial aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström turbidity parameters in countryside of Kufa district","authors":"H. Jawad, A. S. Baron","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120203","url":null,"abstract":"Since there are no previous studies conducted for calculating Kufa turbidity parameters considering that the urban pollutions is less than that of the Kufa city. For this The prior location of the Faculty of science telescope was chosen to make such observation using a 60 mm solar telescope Coronado of Hα filter equipped with CCD DSI III pro connected to laptop computer . Sun Fits images were captured under a clear sky as well as dusty conditions. Two types of images were classified, one in the clear sky and the other in dusty weather. Matlab code was used to estimate sun intensities in order to calculate aerosol optical depth and Ångström turbidity parameters from sun images. These values are expressing the normality behavior with nearer places in territorial region.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76997450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120205
Soudad S. Ahmed
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) - based plastic optical fiber has been provided as a sensor to estimating the refractive index and then the concentration of specific chemical samples. Two configurations were suggested for a design. The first was through using a single layer of gold with a thickness of about 40nm deposited on a 10mm portion in the middle of plastic optical fiber. In the second configuration, a bilayer deposited on the fiber. This bilayer consisted of a gold layer with a thickness of about 30 nm and an aluminum layer with a thickness of about 30 nm. Both of these configurations utilized as a chemical sensor. The resonance wavelength for the bilayer-based sensor was higher than that of the single-layer sensor for all studied chemical samples. The highest resonance wavelength was for the salt-water solution with a concentration of 30%. For the salt-water solution with a concentration of 30%, the resonance wavelength with the bilayer-based sensor was 568nm while it was 540nm with the single-layer sensor.
{"title":"Comparison between one layer and bilayer surface Plasmon resonance optical fiber chemical sensor","authors":"Soudad S. Ahmed","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120205","url":null,"abstract":"Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) - based plastic optical fiber has been provided as a sensor to estimating the refractive index and then the concentration of specific chemical samples. Two configurations were suggested for a design. The first was through using a single layer of gold with a thickness of about 40nm deposited on a 10mm portion in the middle of plastic optical fiber. In the second configuration, a bilayer deposited on the fiber. This bilayer consisted of a gold layer with a thickness of about 30 nm and an aluminum layer with a thickness of about 30 nm. Both of these configurations utilized as a chemical sensor. The resonance wavelength for the bilayer-based sensor was higher than that of the single-layer sensor for all studied chemical samples. The highest resonance wavelength was for the salt-water solution with a concentration of 30%. For the salt-water solution with a concentration of 30%, the resonance wavelength with the bilayer-based sensor was 568nm while it was 540nm with the single-layer sensor.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82352178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120207
H. K. Al-Zaidi, M. AL-Bermani, A. Taleb
This study attempts to address the lifetime and reentry of the space debris in low earth orbit LEO which extends from 200 to 1200 km. In this study a new Computer programs were designed to simulate the orbit dynamics of space debris lifetime and reentry under atmospheric drag force using Runge-Kutta Method to solve the differential equations of drag force. This model was adapted with the Drag Thermosphere Model (DTM78, 94), the Aluminum 2024 space debris in certain size (1&10 cm) were used in this study, which is frequently employed in the structure of spacecraft and aerospace designs. The selected atmospheric model for this investigation was the drag thermospheric models DTM78 and DTM94, because of this dependence on solar and geomagnetic activities. It was found that the lifetime of the space debris increases with increasing perigee altitudes. It was also found that the elliptical shape of the debris orbit would change gradually into a circular shape, then its kinetic energy would be transformed into heat and hence the debris might be destroyed in the dense atmosphere.
{"title":"Estimating the lifetime and Reentry of the Aluminum Space Debris of Sizes (1 and 10 cm) in LEO under Atmosphere Drag Effects","authors":"H. K. Al-Zaidi, M. AL-Bermani, A. Taleb","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120207","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to address the lifetime and reentry of the space debris in low earth orbit LEO which extends from 200 to 1200 km. In this study a new Computer programs were designed to simulate the orbit dynamics of space debris lifetime and reentry under atmospheric drag force using Runge-Kutta Method to solve the differential equations of drag force. This model was adapted with the Drag Thermosphere Model (DTM78, 94), the Aluminum 2024 space debris in certain size (1&10 cm) were used in this study, which is frequently employed in the structure of spacecraft and aerospace designs. The selected atmospheric model for this investigation was the drag thermospheric models DTM78 and DTM94, because of this dependence on solar and geomagnetic activities. It was found that the lifetime of the space debris increases with increasing perigee altitudes. It was also found that the elliptical shape of the debris orbit would change gradually into a circular shape, then its kinetic energy would be transformed into heat and hence the debris might be destroyed in the dense atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78878641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120106
H. Hasan, A. Majeed
Kaolinite Drag-out Interfacial shear strength carbon fiber kevlar fiber رٍثأت ةدام يونانلا نٍطلا ( Kaolinite ) ىلع صئاصخلا تٍكٍناكٍملا بكرمل فاٍللأا ًسكوبٌلإا ذٍجم ذعر ذمحأ نسح ذمحم ماشه قاشعلا , تٍسداملا ,ءاٌضٍفلا مسل ,تٍبشخلا تٍلك ,تٍسداملا تعماج :تٍحاخفملا ثاملكلا لا ــــ خ ـــ صلا ـــ ت جٍىٍلواك بحسلا صحف ةول ًىٍبلا صملا نوبساكلا فاٍلا شلفكلا فاٍلا ًمسكوبٌا بمكاشخمل ًمىٍبلا صمملا ةومل يامسحل دشمفىملا لمٍللا بحمسلا صمحف صاذخخمسا ممح لام همم ًمسكوبٌ ا تفوفمنمل ضمٌضعخبو شملفكلاو نوبساممكلا همم ةسومممم فامٍلا ةذمعل و شبٌامف تمٍكٍواكٍملا صاوخلا ياسحل كلرو تفوفنملا ىلا)جٍىٍلواك( يلاكوواىلا هم تٍوصو بسو تفاضا افاض ا شٍثأح تساسدو سوممملا لٍللا وط ةداٌص كلزكو ًىٍبلا صملا ةول ىلع تفوفنملا ًف ث لٍللاو تفوفنملا هٍب كصلاخلا ةول ًف يشٍثأحو . JOURNAL OF KUFA–PHYSICS | Vol. 12, No. 1 (2020) Hisham MHasan, Ahmed R Majeed 39 adhesion strength can help in evaluating the mechanical behavior and capabilities of composite materials [1,3]. A large number of analytical techniques have been developed for understanding interfacial adhesion of Kevlar and carbon fibers reinforced epoxy matrix such as drag-out adhesion test of U-shaped single fiber specimen, the interfacial shear strength which interfacial parameter calculated used by Kelly-Tyson-analytical model [4]. Drag-out micromechanical test of U-shaped specimen [4].To measure the maximum drag-out force or peak force from force-displacement curve by S.Nuriel [1]. By adding kaolinite as nanocly to the epoxy matrix for increasing the bond between fiber and matrix due to increasing the interfacial shear strength at the interface[5] 2. THEORY One of the more important tests is dragging out and using to calculate peak force with displacement to get interfacial shear strength this test, the theory was putting by Nuriel model The drag out use a form of U-shape for testing, that sample has a free length and tow embedded A force is applied at appoint on free length in the direction normal to fibers as in figure(1) A hook applies a tensile from the left (A)and the right (B)edge (H) is a distance normally to baseline (AB) this force causes attention (T) that exerts to debond the fiber from matrix. Fig.(1): Shows pulling fiber during test Fig.(2): Dragging out test In dragging out that described in figure (2) as follow: ( ) ( )
{"title":"Effect of nanoclay (Kaolinite) on mechanical properties of epoxy-fiber composite","authors":"H. Hasan, A. Majeed","doi":"10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120106","url":null,"abstract":"Kaolinite Drag-out Interfacial shear strength carbon fiber kevlar fiber رٍثأت ةدام يونانلا نٍطلا ( Kaolinite ) ىلع صئاصخلا تٍكٍناكٍملا بكرمل فاٍللأا ًسكوبٌلإا ذٍجم ذعر ذمحأ نسح ذمحم ماشه قاشعلا , تٍسداملا ,ءاٌضٍفلا مسل ,تٍبشخلا تٍلك ,تٍسداملا تعماج :تٍحاخفملا ثاملكلا لا ــــ خ ـــ صلا ـــ ت جٍىٍلواك بحسلا صحف ةول ًىٍبلا صملا نوبساكلا فاٍلا شلفكلا فاٍلا ًمسكوبٌا بمكاشخمل ًمىٍبلا صمملا ةومل يامسحل دشمفىملا لمٍللا بحمسلا صمحف صاذخخمسا ممح لام همم ًمسكوبٌ ا تفوفمنمل ضمٌضعخبو شملفكلاو نوبساممكلا همم ةسومممم فامٍلا ةذمعل و شبٌامف تمٍكٍواكٍملا صاوخلا ياسحل كلرو تفوفنملا ىلا)جٍىٍلواك( يلاكوواىلا هم تٍوصو بسو تفاضا افاض ا شٍثأح تساسدو سوممملا لٍللا وط ةداٌص كلزكو ًىٍبلا صملا ةول ىلع تفوفنملا ًف ث لٍللاو تفوفنملا هٍب كصلاخلا ةول ًف يشٍثأحو . JOURNAL OF KUFA–PHYSICS | Vol. 12, No. 1 (2020) Hisham MHasan, Ahmed R Majeed 39 adhesion strength can help in evaluating the mechanical behavior and capabilities of composite materials [1,3]. A large number of analytical techniques have been developed for understanding interfacial adhesion of Kevlar and carbon fibers reinforced epoxy matrix such as drag-out adhesion test of U-shaped single fiber specimen, the interfacial shear strength which interfacial parameter calculated used by Kelly-Tyson-analytical model [4]. Drag-out micromechanical test of U-shaped specimen [4].To measure the maximum drag-out force or peak force from force-displacement curve by S.Nuriel [1]. By adding kaolinite as nanocly to the epoxy matrix for increasing the bond between fiber and matrix due to increasing the interfacial shear strength at the interface[5] 2. THEORY One of the more important tests is dragging out and using to calculate peak force with displacement to get interfacial shear strength this test, the theory was putting by Nuriel model The drag out use a form of U-shape for testing, that sample has a free length and tow embedded A force is applied at appoint on free length in the direction normal to fibers as in figure(1) A hook applies a tensile from the left (A)and the right (B)edge (H) is a distance normally to baseline (AB) this force causes attention (T) that exerts to debond the fiber from matrix. Fig.(1): Shows pulling fiber during test Fig.(2): Dragging out test In dragging out that described in figure (2) as follow: ( ) ( )","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"117 1","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80467803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120107
I. Hussein, N. K. Ghazal
The important preprocessing techniques for remote sensing data and geometrical alteration is the geometric correction. In this paper ,it covers two models which are used in to three dimensions the physical model and the projective Transformation for SPOT 2 to determine the geometric correction of study region of Mosul city. The ground control points are located on SPOT 2 satellite image. These models are producing the X residual, Y residual and root mean square error (RMSE) and then comparing the effects of two models. The X residual for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than X residual for projective transformation at 0.1420, while the Y residual for physical model has higher comparing with Y residual for projective transformation at 0.1143and Total RMSE for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than Total RMSE for projective Transformation at 0.1823. The physical model is superior to Projective model, so that, it is highly recommended to be used for very precise application and not to be replaced by these non-physical models. For the physical model, it is clearly that, the altitude of the Ground Control Points (or Check Points) does not effect on its individual RMSE, when using Projective model the RMSE for high altitude was high ,where at low altitude it was low too(extreme relationship).
{"title":"Geometric correction for satellite image of Mosul city using 3D methods","authors":"I. Hussein, N. K. Ghazal","doi":"10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/jkp/2020/120107","url":null,"abstract":"The important preprocessing techniques for remote sensing data and geometrical alteration is the geometric correction. In this paper ,it covers two models which are used in to three dimensions the physical model and the projective Transformation for SPOT 2 to determine the geometric correction of study region of Mosul city. The ground control points are located on SPOT 2 satellite image. These models are producing the X residual, Y residual and root mean square error (RMSE) and then comparing the effects of two models. The X residual for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than X residual for projective transformation at 0.1420, while the Y residual for physical model has higher comparing with Y residual for projective transformation at 0.1143and Total RMSE for SPOT 2 physical model is lower than Total RMSE for projective Transformation at 0.1823. The physical model is superior to Projective model, so that, it is highly recommended to be used for very precise application and not to be replaced by these non-physical models. For the physical model, it is clearly that, the altitude of the Ground Control Points (or Check Points) does not effect on its individual RMSE, when using Projective model the RMSE for high altitude was high ,where at low altitude it was low too(extreme relationship).","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88173726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120210
Jamal A. Shlaka, A. Nasria
Been studying the interactions between graphene - like aluminium nitride P(AlN)21 nano ribbons doped and defect (AlN)21Sheet, Molecules and small toxic gas molecules ( H2S), were built for two different adsorption sites on graphene like aluminium nitride P(AlN)21. this was done by employing B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) with 6-31G*(d,p) using Gaussian 09 program, Gaussian viw5.0 package of programs and Nanotube Modeller program 2018. the adsorptions of H2S on P(AlN)21, (C) atoms-doped P(AL-N)20 sheet, D-P(AL-N)20 and D-(C)atoms-doped P(AL-N)19 (on atom) with (Ead) (-0.468eV),(-0.473 eV), (-0.457 eV), (-0.4478 eV) and (-0.454 eV), respectively, (Ead) of H2S on the center ring of the P(AL-N)21, (C) atoms-doped P(AL-N)20 sheet, D-P(AL-N)20 and D-(C,B)atoms-doped P(AL-N)19 sheet are (-0.280 eV),(-0.465 eV), (-0.405 eV), (-0.468 eV) and -0.282 eV), respectively, are weak physisorption . However, the adsorptions of H2S, on the ((AlN)20 -B and D- (AlN)19 -B), (on atom N and center ring the sheet) are a strong chemisorption because of the (Ead) larger than -0.5 eV, due to the strong interaction, the ((AlN)20-B and D-(AlN)19-B), could catalyst or activate, through the results that we obtained, which are the improvement of the sheet P(AlN)21 by doping and per forming a defect in, it that can be used to design sensors. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120210
{"title":"A Theoretical Study of H2S Toxic Gas Adsorption on Pristine and Doped Monolayer (AlN)21 Using Density Functional Theory","authors":"Jamal A. Shlaka, A. Nasria","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120210","url":null,"abstract":"Been studying the interactions between graphene - like aluminium nitride P(AlN)21 nano ribbons doped and defect (AlN)21Sheet, Molecules and small toxic gas molecules ( H2S), were built for two different adsorption sites on graphene like aluminium nitride P(AlN)21. this was done by employing B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) with 6-31G*(d,p) using Gaussian 09 program, Gaussian viw5.0 package of programs and Nanotube Modeller program 2018. the adsorptions of H2S on P(AlN)21, (C) atoms-doped P(AL-N)20 sheet, D-P(AL-N)20 and D-(C)atoms-doped P(AL-N)19 (on atom) with (Ead) (-0.468eV),(-0.473 eV), (-0.457 eV), (-0.4478 eV) and (-0.454 eV), respectively, (Ead) of H2S on the center ring of the P(AL-N)21, (C) atoms-doped P(AL-N)20 sheet, D-P(AL-N)20 and D-(C,B)atoms-doped P(AL-N)19 sheet are (-0.280 eV),(-0.465 eV), (-0.405 eV), (-0.468 eV) and -0.282 eV), respectively, are weak physisorption . However, the adsorptions of H2S, on the ((AlN)20 -B and D- (AlN)19 -B), (on atom N and center ring the sheet) are a strong chemisorption because of the (Ead) larger than -0.5 eV, due to the strong interaction, the ((AlN)20-B and D-(AlN)19-B), could catalyst or activate, through the results that we obtained, which are the improvement of the sheet P(AlN)21 by doping and per forming a defect in, it that can be used to design sensors. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120210","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87293358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120204
H. K. Al-Zaidi, M. AL-Bermani, A. Taleb
This research studies the orbital dynamics of space debris in near earth orbit. The orbital dynamics of space debris is closely examined in near earth orbit whereby (apogee altitude ha=1200 km and perigee altitude hp=200 km). In addition, the lifetime of the space debris is calculated using the influence of the friction force exerted on the atmospheric particles with debris dimensions measuring between (1 and 10 cm). In this study, the Drag Thermospheric Models (DTM78 and DTM94) are used because of their dependence on solar and geomagnetic activities, and pulsed lasers are utilized to interact with Aluminum 2024 particles which are frequently employed in the structure of spacecraft and aerospace designs. A numerical analysis program (NaP1) was built to calculate the lifetime of space debris and its time of return to the atmosphere. It is then integrated with a second numerical analysis program (NaP2) developed using the Lax-Wendroff finite difference method to simulate the laser material interaction model. A high power Nd:YAG laser was applied to produce shock wave pressure in target. The results show that the maximum peak pressure occurs at 50 µm depth then slowly decays, the peak pressure increases with the increase of the laser intensity, and the optimum value of the momentum coupling coefficient (Cm) for the aluminum debris of size range (1and10 cm) is 6.5 dyn.s/j.
{"title":"Reentry of Space Debris from Low Earth Orbit by Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser","authors":"H. K. Al-Zaidi, M. AL-Bermani, A. Taleb","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120204","url":null,"abstract":"This research studies the orbital dynamics of space debris in near earth orbit. The orbital dynamics of space debris is closely examined in near earth orbit whereby (apogee altitude ha=1200 km and perigee altitude hp=200 km). In addition, the lifetime of the space debris is calculated using the influence of the friction force exerted on the atmospheric particles with debris dimensions measuring between (1 and 10 cm). In this study, the Drag Thermospheric Models (DTM78 and DTM94) are used because of their dependence on solar and geomagnetic activities, and pulsed lasers are utilized to interact with Aluminum 2024 particles which are frequently employed in the structure of spacecraft and aerospace designs. A numerical analysis program (NaP1) was built to calculate the lifetime of space debris and its time of return to the atmosphere. It is then integrated with a second numerical analysis program (NaP2) developed using the Lax-Wendroff finite difference method to simulate the laser material interaction model. A high power Nd:YAG laser was applied to produce shock wave pressure in target. The results show that the maximum peak pressure occurs at 50 µm depth then slowly decays, the peak pressure increases with the increase of the laser intensity, and the optimum value of the momentum coupling coefficient (Cm) for the aluminum debris of size range (1and10 cm) is 6.5 dyn.s/j.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85525718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120202
E. Pankratov
In this paper we introduce an approach to increase density of field-effect transistors framework an enhanced swing differential Colpitts oscillator. Framework the approach we consider manufacturing the oscillator in heterostructure with specific configuration. Several required areas of the heterostructure should be doped by diffusion or ion implantation. After that dopant and radiation defects should by annealed framework optimized scheme. We also consider an approach to decrease value of mismatch-induced stress in the considered heterostructure. We introduce an analytical approach to analyze mass and heat transport in heterostructures during manufacturing of integrated circuits with account mismatch-induced stress
{"title":"An approach to model and optimization of manufacturing of an enhanced swing differential Colpitts oscillator. on influence of miss-match induced stress","authors":"E. Pankratov","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120202","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce an approach to increase density of field-effect transistors framework an enhanced swing differential Colpitts oscillator. Framework the approach we consider manufacturing the oscillator in heterostructure with specific configuration. Several required areas of the heterostructure should be doped by diffusion or ion implantation. After that dopant and radiation defects should by annealed framework optimized scheme. We also consider an approach to decrease value of mismatch-induced stress in the considered heterostructure. We introduce an analytical approach to analyze mass and heat transport in heterostructures during manufacturing of integrated circuits with account mismatch-induced stress","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79126007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120209
E. Mahmood
This research presents an attempt to study the influence of laser cutting parameters such as thickness, Lens Focal Length, Beam Power, Cutting Speed and Gas Pressure on the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) width. Two predictive models were developed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and multi regression modeling method. The relative importance of laser cutting parameters on (HAZ) width was determined based on (ANN) neuron weights and (ANOVA) method. The comparison between the experimental data and the predicted data indicats that the (ANN) model has attain an accuracy for predicting (HAZ) more than the multi regression model with a coefficient of determination of (R2)=85.02%.
{"title":"A Comparison Study Between Modeling The Heat Affected Zone (Haz) For The Laser Cutting Of Ti-6al-4v Sheets By Using The Artificial Neural Network Method And Multi Regression Method","authors":"E. Mahmood","doi":"10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31257/2018/JKP/2020/120209","url":null,"abstract":"This research presents an attempt to study the influence of laser cutting parameters such as thickness, Lens Focal Length, Beam Power, Cutting Speed and Gas Pressure on the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) width. Two predictive models were developed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and multi regression modeling method. The relative importance of laser cutting parameters on (HAZ) width was determined based on (ANN) neuron weights and (ANOVA) method. The comparison between the experimental data and the predicted data indicats that the (ANN) model has attain an accuracy for predicting (HAZ) more than the multi regression model with a coefficient of determination of (R2)=85.02%.","PeriodicalId":16215,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kufa - Physics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72564946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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