Clays are among the most important material available in nature. Montmorillonite MMT is an important type of clay mineral whose physical structure is typically perceptible as layers and sheets. Each layer is made up of one octahedral and two tetrahedral structural sheets. Due to its distinctive properties, such as swelling and adsorption, MMT has been used in a variety of industrial and therapeutic applications. The high adsorption capacity of MMT contributes to increasing drug intercalation and then its sustained release. By strongly adhering to the drug, MMT typically maintains drug release in many formulations and speeds up the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. MMT has also been used to develop composite delivery systems that combine it with other polymer-based materials. MMT could therefore be used to develop a variety of drug delivery systems to regulate and enhance a drug's pharmacological qualities, such as solubility, dissolution rate, and absorption. An important note to mention is that clays in general are traditionally considered bio-inert or even biocompatible. In this review, the distinguished applications of MMT clay as an agent in the medical field were discussed. Among those applications is its use as an antibacterial agent, detoxification agent, preventive obesity agent, drug carrier agent, and in the treatment of cancer, diarrhea, wounds, and bones.
{"title":"An overview of medical applications of montmorillonite clay","authors":"J. Hassen, Hamad Kalefa Abdalkadir, Saher Abed","doi":"10.20883/medical.e826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e826","url":null,"abstract":"Clays are among the most important material available in nature. Montmorillonite MMT is an important type of clay mineral whose physical structure is typically perceptible as layers and sheets. Each layer is made up of one octahedral and two tetrahedral structural sheets. Due to its distinctive properties, such as swelling and adsorption, MMT has been used in a variety of industrial and therapeutic applications. The high adsorption capacity of MMT contributes to increasing drug intercalation and then its sustained release. By strongly adhering to the drug, MMT typically maintains drug release in many formulations and speeds up the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. MMT has also been used to develop composite delivery systems that combine it with other polymer-based materials. MMT could therefore be used to develop a variety of drug delivery systems to regulate and enhance a drug's pharmacological qualities, such as solubility, dissolution rate, and absorption. An important note to mention is that clays in general are traditionally considered bio-inert or even biocompatible. In this review, the distinguished applications of MMT clay as an agent in the medical field were discussed. Among those applications is its use as an antibacterial agent, detoxification agent, preventive obesity agent, drug carrier agent, and in the treatment of cancer, diarrhea, wounds, and bones. ","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85441742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Szaefer, Katarzyna Hadryś, Hanna Gajewska, V. Krajka-Kuźniak
Background. Several studies suggest that the pleiotropic properties of betanin may interfere with different signaling pathways. Our previous studies on human hepatocytes showed that betanin activated the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. To further understand the exact mechanism of action of betanin, we evaluated its effect on the levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) and KRAB domain-associated protein 1 (KAP1) in hepatoma cells (HepG2) and normal human hepatocytes (THLE-2). Material and methods. HepG2 and THLE-2 cells were treated with 2 or 10 µM betanin for 72 h. The levels of STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b, and KAP1 proteins in cytosolic and nuclear fractions were assessed by Western blot. Results. At a concentration of 10 μM, betanin significantly decreased the levels of STAT3, STAT5a, and STAT5b proteins in the nuclear fraction of HepG2 cells. On the other hand, no significant changes in the levels of STAT proteins were observed in THLE-2 cells. In HepG2 cells, betanin at both tested doses increased the level of KAP1. In contrast, in THLE-2 cells, betanin at a dose of 10 µM decreased the nuclear level of KAP1. Conclusions. Betanin modulated the levels of STAT3, STAT5, and KAP1 proteins, especially in hepatoma cells. Thus, it may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatoma.
背景。一些研究表明，甜菜素的多效性可能会干扰不同的信号通路。我们之前对人肝细胞的研究表明，甜菜素激活了核因子红细胞2相关因子2 (Nrf2)信号通路。为了进一步了解甜菜素的确切作用机制，我们评估了其对肝癌细胞(HepG2)和正常人肝细胞(THLE-2)中信号转导和转录激活因子(STATs)和KRAB结构域相关蛋白1 (KAP1)水平的影响。材料和方法。HepG2和THLE-2细胞分别用2µM和10µM甜菜素处理72 h, Western blot检测细胞质和细胞核中STAT3、STAT5a、STAT5b和KAP1蛋白的表达水平。在10 μM浓度下，甜菜素显著降低HepG2细胞核部STAT3、STAT5a和STAT5b蛋白的表达水平。另一方面，THLE-2细胞中STAT蛋白水平未见明显变化。在HepG2细胞中，两种剂量的甜菜素均增加KAP1的水平。而在THLE-2细胞中，10µM剂量的甜菜素可降低kap1的核水平。甜菜素调节STAT3、STAT5和KAP1蛋白的水平，尤其是在肝癌细胞中。因此，它可能被认为是治疗肝癌的潜在治疗剂。
{"title":"Comparison of the effect of betanin on STAT3, STAT5, and KAP1 proteins in HepG2 and THLE-2 cells","authors":"H. Szaefer, Katarzyna Hadryś, Hanna Gajewska, V. Krajka-Kuźniak","doi":"10.20883/medical.e805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e805","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Several studies suggest that the pleiotropic properties of betanin may interfere with different signaling pathways. Our previous studies on human hepatocytes showed that betanin activated the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. To further understand the exact mechanism of action of betanin, we evaluated its effect on the levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) and KRAB domain-associated protein 1 (KAP1) in hepatoma cells (HepG2) and normal human hepatocytes (THLE-2).\u0000Material and methods. HepG2 and THLE-2 cells were treated with 2 or 10 µM betanin for 72 h. The levels of STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b, and KAP1 proteins in cytosolic and nuclear fractions were assessed by Western blot.\u0000Results. At a concentration of 10 μM, betanin significantly decreased the levels of STAT3, STAT5a, and STAT5b proteins in the nuclear fraction of HepG2 cells. On the other hand, no significant changes in the levels of STAT proteins were observed in THLE-2 cells. In HepG2 cells, betanin at both tested doses increased the level of KAP1. In contrast, in THLE-2 cells, betanin at a dose of 10 µM decreased the nuclear level of KAP1.\u0000Conclusions. Betanin modulated the levels of STAT3, STAT5, and KAP1 proteins, especially in hepatoma cells. Thus, it may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatoma.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87695289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bayan Alsharif, Zainab A Bu Hamad, Abuullah Ahmed Khafagy, Abulrahman Tawfeeg Abudawood, R. A. Alzahrani, Abduljawad Hassan A Alghamdi
Introduction. Chronic pain is a frequent, complicated, stressful health condition that significantly affects society and people. Chronic pain also is believed to be one of the most important causes of suffering and infirmity worldwide. It can impact various aspects of the person and cause emotional, social, and functional capabilities. Assessing Health-related quality of life is a significant outcome in studies concerning chronic pain patients. It is a different way to evaluate patients' perceptions of their pain experience and its effect on their lives. Aim. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of chronic pain among the general population in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. Material and methods. An online cross-sectional study design using a structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed electronically in Arabic through social media. Results. A total of 610 participants completed the survey. Females represented 63.3% of participants, while male participants represented 36.4%. Most participants were Saudi (98.9%), and 72.3% had bachelor's degrees or Diplomas. Single participants were almost equal to married ones (53.1 % and 46.2%, respectively), and most were nonsmokers. Conclusions. chronic pain from patients' perspectives has physical, psychological, and social functioning and well-being effects.
{"title":"Assessment of chronic pain prevalence and impact on quality of life in the general population and visitors of a pain clinic in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia, 2022–2023","authors":"Bayan Alsharif, Zainab A Bu Hamad, Abuullah Ahmed Khafagy, Abulrahman Tawfeeg Abudawood, R. A. Alzahrani, Abduljawad Hassan A Alghamdi","doi":"10.20883/medical.e831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e831","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Introduction. Chronic pain is a frequent, complicated, stressful health condition that significantly affects society and people. Chronic pain also is believed to be one of the most important causes of suffering and infirmity worldwide. It can impact various aspects of the person and cause emotional, social, and functional capabilities. Assessing Health-related quality of life is a significant outcome in studies concerning chronic pain patients. It is a different way to evaluate patients' perceptions of their pain experience and its effect on their lives.\u0000Aim. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of chronic pain among the general population in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia.\u0000Material and methods. An online cross-sectional study design using a structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed electronically in Arabic through social media.\u0000Results. A total of 610 participants completed the survey. Females represented 63.3% of participants, while male participants represented 36.4%. Most participants were Saudi (98.9%), and 72.3% had bachelor's degrees or Diplomas. Single participants were almost equal to married ones (53.1 % and 46.2%, respectively), and most were nonsmokers.\u0000Conclusions. chronic pain from patients' perspectives has physical, psychological, and social functioning and well-being effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87304669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Neuroendocrine neoplasms are diverse in terms of sites of origin, functional status, and degrees of aggressiveness. Since neuroendocrine cells are ubiquitous in the human body, these neoplasms can arise in different organs, with gastrointestinal tract being most frequently involved. The past few years have seen a surge in the diagnosis of these neoplasms, which were earlier considered to be rare. Their nomenclature, classification, and diagnostic criteria are revamped frequently, as new knowledge emerges. Aim. To study the histopathological spectrum of neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastrointestinal tract and assess the immunohistochemical expression of neuroendocrine markers in them. Material and methods. Ours is a descriptive study of the distribution and pathologic characteristics of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, over a three year period. Neoplasms were categorised based on 2019 updated WHO classification. Results. Among the 59 cases, we observed a male predominance. (Male to female ratio - 1.8:1). Most patients were in 6th and 7th decades of life. Duodenum was most frequently involved followed by rectum and appendix. NET G2 and G1 constituted the predominant histologic grades (47% and 24% respectively). NEC and MiNEN were infrequent. All cases were positive for synaptophysin, with variable positivity for chromogranin. Ki67 helped establish the histologic grade. We also came across a rare case of neuroendocrine tumor with coexisting mucinous neoplasm in appendix. Conclusions. With evolving knowledge and advanced imaging modalities, the incidence of these neoplasms is increasing with time. Histopathology is the mainstay of diagnosis and plays a decisive role in influencing management protocols and prognosis.
{"title":"Spectrum of neuroendocrine neoplasms of GIT – a histomorphological study in a tertiary care centre","authors":"A. Muralidhar, P. Mahadevan","doi":"10.20883/medical.e813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e813","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Neuroendocrine neoplasms are diverse in terms of sites of origin, functional status, and degrees of aggressiveness. Since neuroendocrine cells are ubiquitous in the human body, these neoplasms can arise in different organs, with gastrointestinal tract being most frequently involved. The past few years have seen a surge in the diagnosis of these neoplasms, which were earlier considered to be rare. Their nomenclature, classification, and diagnostic criteria are revamped frequently, as new knowledge emerges.\u0000Aim. To study the histopathological spectrum of neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastrointestinal tract and assess the immunohistochemical expression of neuroendocrine markers in them.\u0000Material and methods. Ours is a descriptive study of the distribution and pathologic characteristics of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, over a three year period. Neoplasms were categorised based on 2019 updated WHO classification.\u0000Results. Among the 59 cases, we observed a male predominance. (Male to female ratio - 1.8:1). Most patients were in 6th and 7th decades of life. Duodenum was most frequently involved followed by rectum and appendix. NET G2 and G1 constituted the predominant histologic grades (47% and 24% respectively). NEC and MiNEN were infrequent. All cases were positive for synaptophysin, with variable positivity for chromogranin. Ki67 helped establish the histologic grade. We also came across a rare case of neuroendocrine tumor with coexisting mucinous neoplasm in appendix.\u0000Conclusions. With evolving knowledge and advanced imaging modalities, the incidence of these neoplasms is increasing with time. Histopathology is the mainstay of diagnosis and plays a decisive role in influencing management protocols and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"92 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87747703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Iteire, Charity Ayomide Adenodi, Olalekan Marvelous Olatuyi, Raphael Uwejigho, T. Adeniyi
Background. Phyllanthus amarus is an antioxidant plant with numerous beneficial biological activities, but scarce information on its neuroprotective role against potassium dichromate (PDC)-induced neurotoxicity. This research investigated the antioxidant effect of aqueous Phyllanthus amarus leaf extract (APALE) on PDC-induced rats. Materials and methods. Fifty male Wistar rats (120-130g) were randomized into five groups (A-E, n=10). Group A: (Control) distilled water; B: 300mg/kg APALE; C: 17mg/kg PDC; D: 17mg/kg PDC + 400mg/kg APALE; E: 17mg/kg PDC + 200mg/kg APALE. Administrations were once daily via an orogastric cannula for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained for hormonal assay (FSH and LH). The animals were euthanized, and pituitary glands were harvested and homogenized for Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Reductase (GSH) by x-ray crystallography, Malondialdehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and paraffin embedding sections, for histological and histochemical evaluations. Results. Morphometric analysis revealed that PDC caused a reduction in body and brain weights, volume, and weight of the pituitary gland. Masson trichrome demonstrates excessive accumulation of collagen fibers on PDC-treated tissues resolved by APALE. There was a significant increase in MDA in the PDC group and a decrease in the APALE groups compared to the control. In APALE groups, the SOD, CAT, GSH, and T-Protein levels significantly increased compared to the control group. PDC significantly decreased LH and FSH levels compared to the control. However, APALE restored these changes. Conclusions. APALE demonstrated potent protective activity against PDC-induced pituitary toxicity.
{"title":"Phyllanthus amarus protects against potassium-dichromate pituitary toxicity via the oxidative pathway and improves the gonadotropins in male Wistar rats","authors":"K. Iteire, Charity Ayomide Adenodi, Olalekan Marvelous Olatuyi, Raphael Uwejigho, T. Adeniyi","doi":"10.20883/medical.e834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e834","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Phyllanthus amarus is an antioxidant plant with numerous beneficial biological activities, but scarce information on its neuroprotective role against potassium dichromate (PDC)-induced neurotoxicity. This research investigated the antioxidant effect of aqueous Phyllanthus amarus leaf extract (APALE) on PDC-induced rats.\u0000Materials and methods. Fifty male Wistar rats (120-130g) were randomized into five groups (A-E, n=10). Group A: (Control) distilled water; B: 300mg/kg APALE; C: 17mg/kg PDC; D: 17mg/kg PDC + 400mg/kg APALE; E: 17mg/kg PDC + 200mg/kg APALE. Administrations were once daily via an orogastric cannula for 28 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained for hormonal assay (FSH and LH). The animals were euthanized, and pituitary glands were harvested and homogenized for Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Reductase (GSH) by x-ray crystallography, Malondialdehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and paraffin embedding sections, for histological and histochemical evaluations.\u0000Results. Morphometric analysis revealed that PDC caused a reduction in body and brain weights, volume, and weight of the pituitary gland. Masson trichrome demonstrates excessive accumulation of collagen fibers on PDC-treated tissues resolved by APALE. There was a significant increase in MDA in the PDC group and a decrease in the APALE groups compared to the control. In APALE groups, the SOD, CAT, GSH, and T-Protein levels significantly increased compared to the control group. PDC significantly decreased LH and FSH levels compared to the control. However, APALE restored these changes.\u0000Conclusions. APALE demonstrated potent protective activity against PDC-induced pituitary toxicity.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78038645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper highlights iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy; its prevalence, causes, screening, and management. Iron deficiency is a spectrum that ranges from iron depletion to iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency is the most common and leading cause of anaemia in pregnancy both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The incidence of iron deficiency anaemia varies worldwide depending on differences in race, socioeconomic factors, nutritional status, health condition, and the frequency of parasitic illnesses. Untreated Iron deficiency has significant adverse foetal and maternal consequences. The management of iron deficiency anaemia includes education regarding dietary modification, specifically ways to enhance iron absorption and iron supplementation. Although oral supplementation is typically the mainstay of treatment, more severe cases of iron deficiency anaemia may require intravenous supplementation.
{"title":"Iron Deficiency in Pregnancy: A Brief Review","authors":"Zarau Uba Yusuf, Nathan Isaac Dibal, M. Chiroma","doi":"10.20883/medical.e776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e776","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy; its prevalence, causes, screening, and management. Iron deficiency is a spectrum that ranges from iron depletion to iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency is the most common and leading cause of anaemia in pregnancy both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The incidence of iron deficiency anaemia varies worldwide depending on differences in race, socioeconomic factors, nutritional status, health condition, and the frequency of parasitic illnesses. Untreated Iron deficiency has significant adverse foetal and maternal consequences. The management of iron deficiency anaemia includes education regarding dietary modification, specifically ways to enhance iron absorption and iron supplementation. Although oral supplementation is typically the mainstay of treatment, more severe cases of iron deficiency anaemia may require intravenous supplementation.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73186487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective The aim of the study was to review the characteristics, surgical outcomes, complications, and long-term outcomes of two-stage operations for acute right-sided colonic obstruction (RSCO) in a single institution. Summary background data Although patients with acute RSCO can be treated by resection of the tumor with a primary anastomosis, longer procedure times and bigger wounds can result in more mortality and complications. A two-stage operation by diverting loop ileostomy was another surgical option. However, the outcomes of two-stage operations are lacking. Methods The retrospective study reviewed the patients who underwent emergency surgery for acute RSCO in a tertiary center from 2004-2018. First-stage operations other than diverting loop ileostomy, incomplete obstructions that could be treated medically, or pathologies other than adenocarcinomas were excluded. Perioperative data such as first and second operations, operative times, lengths of stay, harvested lymph nodes, and any complications were included. We assessed overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the oncologic outcomes. Results Sixty-nine patients were included. Seven patients had surgical complications related to ileostomy. Three of them died within 30 days of first admission. Thirty-one patients received a second-stage operation by right hemicolectomy. None had anastomosis leakage or 30-day mortality. Only 9.7% of patients had fewer than 12 harvested lymph nodes. One-year OS was 34% in the patients who received only ileostomy, and 89% in those who received two-stage operations (P < 0.001). Among 26 patients who underwent curative resection of tumor, 3-year DFS was 61.5%. Conclusions A two-stage operation is associated with low mortality and morbidity rates in an emergency setting. The subsequent right hemicolectomy can harvest more lymph nodes than emergency resection. Long-term survival benefits can be expected.
{"title":"Two-Stage Operations in Patients with Acute Right-sided Colonic Obstruction: a 15-year Single Institution Experience","authors":"Nien-Ying Tsai, Chun-Wei Yu, Cheng-Wen Hsiao, Shu-Wen Jao, Cheng-Hsiang Lo, Chih-Wei Yang, Yi-Chiao Cheng","doi":"10.20883/medical.e732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e732","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The aim of the study was to review the characteristics, surgical outcomes, complications, and long-term outcomes of two-stage operations for acute right-sided colonic obstruction (RSCO) in a single institution. Summary background data Although patients with acute RSCO can be treated by resection of the tumor with a primary anastomosis, longer procedure times and bigger wounds can result in more mortality and complications. A two-stage operation by diverting loop ileostomy was another surgical option. However, the outcomes of two-stage operations are lacking. Methods The retrospective study reviewed the patients who underwent emergency surgery for acute RSCO in a tertiary center from 2004-2018. First-stage operations other than diverting loop ileostomy, incomplete obstructions that could be treated medically, or pathologies other than adenocarcinomas were excluded. Perioperative data such as first and second operations, operative times, lengths of stay, harvested lymph nodes, and any complications were included. We assessed overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the oncologic outcomes. Results Sixty-nine patients were included. Seven patients had surgical complications related to ileostomy. Three of them died within 30 days of first admission. Thirty-one patients received a second-stage operation by right hemicolectomy. None had anastomosis leakage or 30-day mortality. Only 9.7% of patients had fewer than 12 harvested lymph nodes. One-year OS was 34% in the patients who received only ileostomy, and 89% in those who received two-stage operations (P < 0.001). Among 26 patients who underwent curative resection of tumor, 3-year DFS was 61.5%. Conclusions A two-stage operation is associated with low mortality and morbidity rates in an emergency setting. The subsequent right hemicolectomy can harvest more lymph nodes than emergency resection. Long-term survival benefits can be expected.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135354101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Statistical analysis is an integral part of medical research. It helps transform raw data into meaningful insights, supports hypothesis testing, optimises study design, assesses risk and prognosis, and facilitates evidence-based decision-making. The statistical analysis increases research findings' reliability, validity and generalisability, ultimately advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. Without it, meaningful analysis of the data collected would be impossible. The conclusions drawn would be unsubstantiated and misleading. Many health professionals are unfamiliar with statistical analysis and its basic concepts. The analysis of clinical data is an integral part of medical research. Identifying the data type (continuous, quasi-continuous or discrete) and detecting outliers are the first and most important steps. When analysing the data distribution for normality, graphical and numerical methods are recommended. Depending on the type of data distribution, appropriate non-parametric or parametric tests can be used for further analysis. Data that are not normally distributed can be normalised using various mathematical methods (e.g., square root or logarithm) and analysed using parametric tests in the next steps. This review provides essential explanations of these concepts without using complex mathematical or statistical equations but with several graphical examples of various statistical terms.
{"title":"Data distribution analysis – a preliminary approach to quantitative data in biomedical research","authors":"P. Guzik, B. Więckowska","doi":"10.20883/medical.e869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e869","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical analysis is an integral part of medical research. It helps transform raw data into meaningful insights, supports hypothesis testing, optimises study design, assesses risk and prognosis, and facilitates evidence-based decision-making. The statistical analysis increases research findings' reliability, validity and generalisability, ultimately advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. Without it, meaningful analysis of the data collected would be impossible. The conclusions drawn would be unsubstantiated and misleading.\u0000Many health professionals are unfamiliar with statistical analysis and its basic concepts. The analysis of clinical data is an integral part of medical research. Identifying the data type (continuous, quasi-continuous or discrete) and detecting outliers are the first and most important steps. When analysing the data distribution for normality, graphical and numerical methods are recommended. Depending on the type of data distribution, appropriate non-parametric or parametric tests can be used for further analysis. Data that are not normally distributed can be normalised using various mathematical methods (e.g., square root or logarithm) and analysed using parametric tests in the next steps.\u0000This review provides essential explanations of these concepts without using complex mathematical or statistical equations but with several graphical examples of various statistical terms.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83341434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gangguan hemoreologi berupa peningkatan kadar D-dimer dan penurunan nilai INR pada pasien stroke dengan Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) merupakan faktor potensial penyebab perubahan sirkulasi serebral, sehingga dibutuhkan strategi baru dalam manajemen stroke fase akut dan pasca stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko, gangguan hemoreologi, dan outcome pada pasien stroke iskemik pasca pandemi COVID-19 dengan metodelogi cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2022 di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh terhadap penderita stroke iskemik yang dibuktikan dengan pemeriksaan CT scan kepala, usia 45−75 tahun, dengan seluruh pasien dilakukan pemeriksaan hemoreologi darah. Dijumpai 90 pasien stroke iskemik, terdiri dari 52 laki-laki dan 38 perempuan, dengan faktor risiko hipertensi 79%, diabetes melitus 39%, penyakit jantung 9%, dan riwayat stroke 16%. Hasil pemeriksaan D-dimer adalah 1124.7+1293.0, dan INR 1.1+0.2, dengan analisis one way ANOVA tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna berdasarkan outcome fungsional stroke (p>0.05). Berdasarkan uji korelasi hanya D-dimer yang menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan outcome stroke iskemik (koefisien korelasi -0.220, p=0.037), di mana makin tinggi kadar D-Dimer maka makin jelek outcome stroke iskemik, demikian juga sebaliknya.
{"title":"Faktor Risiko, Gangguan Hemorheologi dan Outcome pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik Pasca Pandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh","authors":"S. _, Imran _, Vivi Keumala Mutiawati _","doi":"10.55572/jms.v4i1.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55572/jms.v4i1.95","url":null,"abstract":"Gangguan hemoreologi berupa peningkatan kadar D-dimer dan penurunan nilai INR pada pasien stroke dengan Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) merupakan faktor potensial penyebab perubahan sirkulasi serebral, sehingga dibutuhkan strategi baru dalam manajemen stroke fase akut dan pasca stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko, gangguan hemoreologi, dan outcome pada pasien stroke iskemik pasca pandemi COVID-19 dengan metodelogi cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2022 di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh terhadap penderita stroke iskemik yang dibuktikan dengan pemeriksaan CT scan kepala, usia 45−75 tahun, dengan seluruh pasien dilakukan pemeriksaan hemoreologi darah. Dijumpai 90 pasien stroke iskemik, terdiri dari 52 laki-laki dan 38 perempuan, dengan faktor risiko hipertensi 79%, diabetes melitus 39%, penyakit jantung 9%, dan riwayat stroke 16%. Hasil pemeriksaan D-dimer adalah 1124.7+1293.0, dan INR 1.1+0.2, dengan analisis one way ANOVA tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna berdasarkan outcome fungsional stroke (p>0.05). Berdasarkan uji korelasi hanya D-dimer yang menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan outcome stroke iskemik (koefisien korelasi -0.220, p=0.037), di mana makin tinggi kadar D-Dimer maka makin jelek outcome stroke iskemik, demikian juga sebaliknya.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"10 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72396530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fithriany _, Sabrizal Ishak _, Rima Novita Sari _, Nasaie _, Firly Ratsmita _, Nazriati _
Qur’anic healing merupakan sebuah teknik terapi penyembuhan dengan cara membacakan ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang mu’tabaroh kepada pasien sesuai ketentuan Al-Quran dan As-Sunnah sebagaimana dicontohkan pada masa Rasulullah SAW.Penurunan kesadaran merupakan kondisi dimana otak mengalami defisiensi fungsi yang disebabkan oleh berbagai macam penyakit seperti stroke, diabetes melitus, trauma, sepsis dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan diruang High Care Unit Medical RSUDZA dengan responden pasien yang mengalami penurunan kesadaran akibat sepsis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi qur’anic healing dalam mempengaruhi outcome pasien dengan penurunan kesadaran akibat sepsis menggunakanGlasgow Coma Scale(GCS) dan Vital Sign. Metode penelitianQuasi Experimentaldengan two grup pre-post test design dan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling dengan subjek penelitian sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 24 responden dibagi dua kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok satu 12 reponden mendapatkan perlakuan terapi qur’anic healing dilakukan langsung oleh ustadz/ah, kelompok dua 12 reponden mendapatkan perlakuan terapi qur’anic healing dengan cara memperdengarkan audio. Hasil analisis uji-T yang membandingkan perubahan GCS dari dua metode perlakuan secara langsung atau memperdengarkan audio menunjukkan p-value= 0,001 (≤0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan GCS metode langsung dan audio adalah nyata. Sedangkan Uji mann whitney membandingkan perubahan vital sign dari dua metode perlakuan, menunjukkan ada pengaruh metode terhadap perubahan vital sign. Hasil uji mann whitneyberturut turut systole, diastole, nadi, respirasi, dan suhu=0.317, 0.317, 1.00, 1.00, 0.546 yang semuanya > dari 0.05 maka perbedaan vital sign metode langsung dan audio adalah tidak nyata. Walaupun tidak nyata ada kecenderungan vital sign dari metode langsung lebih baik dibandingkan metode audio di setiap aspek yang diamati kecuali di aspek nadi yang perubahan keduanya sama. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terapi qur’anic healing berpengaruh terhadap kestabilan vital sign sertapeningkatan GCS pada pasien yang mengalami penurunan kesadaran.
{"title":"Pengaruh Terapi Quranic Healing Pada Pasien Penurunan Kesadaran Dengan Outcome Peningkatan Kesadaran Yang Diukur Dengan GCS Dan Vital Sign di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin","authors":"Fithriany _, Sabrizal Ishak _, Rima Novita Sari _, Nasaie _, Firly Ratsmita _, Nazriati _","doi":"10.55572/jms.v4i1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55572/jms.v4i1.74","url":null,"abstract":"Qur’anic healing merupakan sebuah teknik terapi penyembuhan dengan cara membacakan ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang mu’tabaroh kepada pasien sesuai ketentuan Al-Quran dan As-Sunnah sebagaimana dicontohkan pada masa Rasulullah SAW.Penurunan kesadaran merupakan kondisi dimana otak mengalami defisiensi fungsi yang disebabkan oleh berbagai macam penyakit seperti stroke, diabetes melitus, trauma, sepsis dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan diruang High Care Unit Medical RSUDZA dengan responden pasien yang mengalami penurunan kesadaran akibat sepsis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi qur’anic healing dalam mempengaruhi outcome pasien dengan penurunan kesadaran akibat sepsis menggunakanGlasgow Coma Scale(GCS) dan Vital Sign. Metode penelitianQuasi Experimentaldengan two grup pre-post test design dan teknik pengambilan sampel consecutive sampling dengan subjek penelitian sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 24 responden dibagi dua kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok satu 12 reponden mendapatkan perlakuan terapi qur’anic healing dilakukan langsung oleh ustadz/ah, kelompok dua 12 reponden mendapatkan perlakuan terapi qur’anic healing dengan cara memperdengarkan audio. Hasil analisis uji-T yang membandingkan perubahan GCS dari dua metode perlakuan secara langsung atau memperdengarkan audio menunjukkan p-value= 0,001 (≤0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan GCS metode langsung dan audio adalah nyata. Sedangkan Uji mann whitney membandingkan perubahan vital sign dari dua metode perlakuan, menunjukkan ada pengaruh metode terhadap perubahan vital sign. Hasil uji mann whitneyberturut turut systole, diastole, nadi, respirasi, dan suhu=0.317, 0.317, 1.00, 1.00, 0.546 yang semuanya > dari 0.05 maka perbedaan vital sign metode langsung dan audio adalah tidak nyata. Walaupun tidak nyata ada kecenderungan vital sign dari metode langsung lebih baik dibandingkan metode audio di setiap aspek yang diamati kecuali di aspek nadi yang perubahan keduanya sama. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terapi qur’anic healing berpengaruh terhadap kestabilan vital sign sertapeningkatan GCS pada pasien yang mengalami penurunan kesadaran.","PeriodicalId":16350,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Science","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88468800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：