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Associations of Lipid Profiles With the Onset of HEV-Related Acute Liver Failure: A Multicenter Cohort Study 血脂谱与 HEV 引起的急性肝衰竭发病的关系:一项多中心队列研究
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70033
Rui Dong, Hong Xue, Lin Chen, Wenjuan Jin, Zhenghan Luo, Chao Shen, Lili Huang, Jianguo Shao, Jie Wang

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the major etiologies for acute liver failure. This multicenter retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the associations of lipid profiles with the risk of HEV-related acute liver failure (HEV-ALF) among hospitalized patients with acute hepatitis E. A total of 1061 participants were obtained from three tertiary medical centers in Jiangsu, China, between February 2018 and May 2024. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were constructed to assess the associations between lipid profiles and the risk of HEV-ALF onset. The time-dependent area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUROC) and decision curve analysis were used to further evaluate the predictive value of blood lipids. After adjusting for potential confounders, total cholesterol (HR = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.437–0.656, p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HR = 0.065, 95% CI: 0.027–0.154, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HR = 0.653, 95% CI: 0.512–0.833, p = 0.001), and apolipoprotein A (ApoA) (HR = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.002–0.020, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of HEV-ALF. Moreover, blood ApoA exhibited excellent discrimination ability and net benefit for predicting 7-day (AUROC = 82.47%, 95% CI: 77.92–87.02) and 14-day (AUROC = 78.81%, 95% CI: 74.13–83.49) HEV-ALF onset. The findings may provide further evidence on the progression of HEV infection and future risk prediction.

戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)是导致急性肝衰竭的主要病因之一。这项多中心回顾性队列研究旨在探讨急性戊型肝炎住院患者的血脂谱与HEV相关急性肝衰竭(HEV-ALF)风险的关联。研究人员构建了单变量和多变量Cox回归模型,以评估血脂状况与HEV-ALF发病风险之间的关联。受试者操作特征曲线下的时间依赖性面积(AUROC)和决策曲线分析用于进一步评估血脂的预测价值。调整潜在混杂因素后,总胆固醇(HR = 0.535,95% CI:0.437-0.656,p
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引用次数: 0
Burden and seasonality of RSV bronchiolitis in hospitalized children on a French Caribbean island: Practical lessons from a 13-year study 法属加勒比海岛住院儿童 RSV 支气管炎的负担和季节性:13 年研究的实用经验。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70006
Olivier Fléchelles, Camille Oger, Aude Charollais, Moustapha Drame, Rishika Banydeen, Fatiha Najioullah

Epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in the tropics is poorly understood, complicating the effective management of RSV epidemics. The main objective was to describe the seasonality of RSV bronchiolitis epidemics and the clinical characteristics of hospitalized infants over a 13-year period on the French Caribbean island of Martinique. Single-center retrospective observational study including infants under 2 years of age hospitalized at the Martinique University Hospital for RSV-positive bronchiolitis from January 2007 to December 2019. One thousand two hundred thirty-tree cases were included. Epidemics occurred during the rainy season, beginning in September, peaking in October/November and ending in December. A distinct biennial seasonality pattern was observed, with alternating years of high and low incidence. Mean duration of epidemics was of 11 weeks. Clinical characteristics of patients were similar to those hospitalized in temperate areas. Median hospital stay was 4 days. Median age was 3 months, 14.1% of patients were born prematurely, 2.5% had congenital heart disease and 41.1% required oxygen therapy. In Martinique, RSV bronchiolitis epidemics in infants occur in a regular biennial pattern during the rainy season. An accurate knowledge of the local seasonality will allow us to better anticipate hospital organization before epidemics.

人们对热带地区呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)支气管炎的流行病学知之甚少,这使得有效管理 RSV 流行病变得更加复杂。研究的主要目的是描述法属加勒比海马提尼克岛 13 年间 RSV 支气管炎流行的季节性和住院婴儿的临床特征。单中心回顾性观察研究包括 2007 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间因 RSV 阳性支气管炎在马提尼克大学医院住院的 2 岁以下婴儿。共纳入病例 1,233 例。疫情发生在雨季,从 9 月开始,10 月/11 月达到高峰,12 月结束。观察到一个明显的两年一季的模式,高发年和低发年交替出现。流行病的平均持续时间为 11 周。病人的临床特征与温带地区的住院病人相似。住院时间中位数为 4 天。中位年龄为 3 个月,14.1% 的患者为早产儿,2.5% 的患者患有先天性心脏病,41.1% 的患者需要接受氧疗。在马提尼克岛,婴儿 RSV 支气管炎流行病每两年定期在雨季发生一次。对当地季节性的准确了解将使我们能够在流行病发生前更好地预测医院的组织情况。
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引用次数: 0
BIC/FTC/TAF Benefits People Living With HIV After Omicron Breakthrough Infection in Shortening Duration of Symptoms, Enhancing Specific Immune Response and Increasing Total CD4 Cells BIC/FTC/TAF 在缩短症状持续时间、增强特异性免疫反应和增加 CD4 细胞总数方面,有益于 Omicron 突破性感染后的 HIV 感染者。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70036
Ni Wang, Qing Lin, Huimin Fan, Yixuan Wang, Chang Shu, Na Wang, Dazhi Zhang

The clinical manifestations of variability in PLWH with SARS-CoV-2 acquired may be attributed to the use of ART drugs. Omicron breakthrough infection and reinfection in 27 PLWH treated with BIC/FTC/TAF and 51 PLWH treated with TDF/3TC/EFV were investigated, and humoral and cellular immunity after Omicron breakthrough infection were also compared. The results showed that Omicron breakthrough infection symptoms in BIC/FTC/TAF-treated had a shorter duration, and BIC/FTC/TAF could further reduce the duration of symptoms when re-infected. It was also found that the BA.5 specific IgG titers of BIC/FTC/TAF-treated were significantly increased and increased with the extension of the duration of BIC/FTC/TAF. In cellular immunity, the use of BIC/FTC/TAF was also found to increase not only BA.5-specific B lymphocytes and BA.5-specific CD4+T lymphocytes, but also total CD4+T cells. In conclusion, compared to TDF/3TC/EFV, BIC/FTC/TAF can help PLWH shorten the duration of COVID19 symptoms, enhance SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral and cellular immune responses, help to expand the total CD4+T cells increase in PLWH after Omicron infection and may be more beneficial for PLWH with high risk of infection in the context of COVID-19 normalization.

感染 SARS-CoV-2 的 PLWH 的临床表现变化可能与抗逆转录病毒疗法药物的使用有关。研究调查了27名接受BIC/FTC/TAF治疗的PLWH和51名接受TDF/3TC/EFV治疗的PLWH的奥米克龙突破性感染和再感染情况,并比较了奥米克龙突破性感染后的体液免疫和细胞免疫情况。结果显示,BIC/FTC/TAF 治疗者的奥米克龙突破性感染症状持续时间较短,BIC/FTC/TAF 可进一步缩短再次感染时的症状持续时间。研究还发现,BIC/FTC/TAF 治疗者的 BA.5 特异性 IgG 滴度显著升高,并随着 BIC/FTC/TAF 治疗时间的延长而升高。在细胞免疫方面,研究还发现使用 BIC/FTC/TAF 不仅能增加 BA.5 特异性 B 淋巴细胞和 BA.5 特异性 CD4+T 淋巴细胞,还能增加 CD4+T 细胞总数。总之,与 TDF/3TC/EFV 相比,BIC/FTC/TAF 可以帮助 PLWH 缩短 COVID-19 症状的持续时间,增强 SARS-CoV-2 特异性体液和细胞免疫反应,有助于扩大 Omicron 感染后 PLWH CD4+T 细胞总数的增加,在 COVID-19 正常化的背景下,可能更有利于感染风险高的 PLWH。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Rotavirus Genotypes in Children under Five Years in the United Arab Emirates Using Nanopore Sequencing Technology 利用纳米孔测序技术识别阿拉伯联合酋长国五岁以下儿童的轮状病毒基因型。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70056
Junu A. George, Farah Al-Marzooq, Hassib Narchi, Ahmed R. Alsuwaidi

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) remain a principal cause of childhood diarrhea in the UAE, despite universal vaccine use. Monitoring genetic diversity is important for identifying prevalent genotypes and escape mutants. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is widely used for RVA genotyping, it may not detect some new strains. This study evaluates nanopore sequencing and RT-PCR for RVA genotyping. Thirty-three RVA strains from children under 5 years presenting with diarrhea were genotyped using both methods. Thirteen strains were genotyped by RT-PCR and confirmed by nanopore sequencing. Fifteen strains were genotyped by nanopore method alone. Most PCR-genotyped strains (56%) had the VP7 G9 genotype, with G3 in five strains and G12 in two. For VP4, P8 (n = 8) and P4 (n = 7) were dominant. The most frequent combinations were G9P[8] (31%) and G9P[4] (25%). Nanopore sequencing of 28 strains revealed G3P[8] (29%) as the most prevalent, followed by G8P[8] (18%). G9P[8] and G2P[4] were present in 14% of samples with G12P[6] being the rarest (7%). Other combinations were detected in 4% the specimens with one nontypeable. Nanopore sequencing was superior to PCR in identifying diverse and emerging genotypes like G8P[8]. This method may enhance surveillance studies and guide preventive measures for RVA gastroenteritis.

在阿联酋,尽管疫苗已得到普遍使用,但 A 组轮状病毒(RVA)仍是导致儿童腹泻的主要原因。监测遗传多样性对于确定流行基因型和逃逸突变体非常重要。虽然实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)被广泛用于 RVA 基因分型,但它可能无法检测到某些新菌株。本研究评估了纳米孔测序和 RT-PCR 在 RVA 基因分型中的应用。采用这两种方法对 33 株来自 5 岁以下腹泻儿童的 RVA 菌株进行了基因分型。其中 13 株通过 RT-PCR 进行了基因分型,并通过纳米孔测序进行了确认。15 株菌株仅通过纳米孔方法进行了基因分型。大多数 PCR 基因分型菌株(56%)的基因型为 VP7 G9,其中五株为 G3,两株为 G12。就 VP4 而言,P8(8 株)和 P4(7 株)是主要基因型。最常见的组合是 G9P[8](31%)和 G9P[4](25%)。对 28 株菌株进行的纳米孔测序显示,G3P[8](29%)最为普遍,其次是 G8P[8](18%)。14%的样本中存在 G9P[8] 和 G2P[4],最罕见的是 G12P[6](7%)。在 4% 的样本中检测到了其他组合,其中一种无法分型。纳米孔测序在鉴定 G8P[8] 等新出现的多种基因型方面优于 PCR。这种方法可加强监测研究并指导 RVA 胃肠炎的预防措施。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in Epidemics of Respiratory Viral Infections Resulted From the COVID-19 Pandemic in Shanghai 上海 COVID-19 大流行导致的呼吸道病毒感染疫情变化。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70034
Chuchu Ye, Yao Tian, Dazhu Huo, Ting Zhang, Li Zhang, Bing Zhao, Yifeng Shen, Xinli Jiang, Xuancheng Hu, Haiyang Zhang, Lipeng Hao, Zhongjie Li, Li-Qun Fang

To investigate the changing patterns of respiratory viral infections within the context of COVID-19 pandemic. The etiological surveillance data of eight respiratory viral pathogens among patients with ARIs in Shanghai between 2013 and 2023 were analyzed to evaluate the dynamic patterns of respiratory viral infections in Shanghai compared to global other regions during pre-pandemic (period 1), pandemic (period 2), and post-pandemic (period 3) periods of COVID-19. In Shanghai and various other global regions, there was a delay of 2‒4 months in the peak positive rate of IFV and a reverse seasonality for RSV, HMPV, and HBoV was observed following the relaxation of NPIs. The proportion of patients infected with any of these eight viruses experiencing fever or high fever notably increased. During the entire study period, IFV was consistently identified as the most prevalent virus, with IFV-B as the predominant stain during period 2, and IFV-A regained its dominance following the lifting of NPIs. The proportion of RSV among children significantly increased during period 2 compared to period 1. With the relaxation of NPIs, there has been a resurgence of certain viral pathogens, accompanied by notable alterations in seasonal patterns and the spectrum of viral pathogens.

研究 COVID-19 大流行背景下呼吸道病毒感染的变化规律。通过分析2013年至2023年期间上海ARI患者中8种呼吸道病毒病原体的病原学监测数据,评估COVID-19大流行前(第1期)、大流行期(第2期)和大流行后(第3期)期间上海呼吸道病毒感染与全球其他地区相比的动态模式。上海和全球其他地区的 IFV 阳性率峰值延迟了 2-4 个月,而 RSV、HMPV 和 HBoV 在 NPI 放宽后出现了反向季节性。感染这八种病毒中任何一种病毒并出现发烧或高烧的患者比例明显增加。在整个研究期间,IFV 一直被认为是最流行的病毒,IFV-B 在第 2 期期间是主要的染色病毒,而 IFV-A 则在非传染性疾病防治措施取消后重新占据主导地位。与第一阶段相比,第二阶段中儿童感染 RSV 的比例明显增加。随着非传染性病原体的放宽,某些病毒病原体重新抬头,同时季节性模式和病毒病原体谱也发生了明显变化。
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引用次数: 0
A Narrative Review of the Putative Etiologic Role and Diagnostic Utility of the Cervicovaginal Microbiome in Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cervical Carcinogenesis 宫颈阴道微生物组在人类乳头状瘤病毒相关宫颈癌发病中的推定病因作用和诊断效用的叙述性综述。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70027
Margaret Logel, Parker Tope, Mariam El-Zein, Emmanuel Gonzalez, Eduardo L. Franco

The cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) may contribute to human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis. We summarized the literature on the CVM in cervical carcinogenesis by searching Medline, Web of Science, and Embase for articles that sequenced the CVM using metagenomics. Additionally, we identified studies assessing the diagnostic role of the CVM in cervical carcinogenesis by searching PubMed. We performed an environmental scan of Google and Google Scholar to review common CVM characterization techniques. Twenty-eight records presented or summarized associations between the CVM and HPV acquisition, prevalence, persistence, clearance, and cervical lesions or cancer, while three studies identified bacterial taxa detecting high-risk HPV prevalence or cervical lesions. The area under the curve ranged from 0.802 to 0.952. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and whole metagenome sequencing have sufficient resolution to study the CVM bacteriome. Bacterial communities may have important implications in cervical cancer; however, there is a need for methodological standardization for CVM characterization.

宫颈阴道微生物组(CVM)可能有助于人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)相关的宫颈癌发生。我们通过搜索 Medline、Web of Science 和 Embase 中使用元基因组学对宫颈阴道微生物组进行测序的文章,总结了有关宫颈癌发生过程中宫颈阴道微生物组的文献。此外,我们还通过搜索 PubMed 确定了评估 CVM 在宫颈癌发生中诊断作用的研究。我们对 Google 和 Google Scholar 进行了环境扫描,以查看常见的 CVM 特征技术。28条记录介绍或总结了CVM与HPV的获得、流行、持续存在、清除以及宫颈病变或癌症之间的关联,3项研究确定了检测高危HPV流行或宫颈病变的细菌类群。曲线下面积从 0.802 到 0.952 不等。16S 核糖体 RNA 基因测序和整个元基因组测序的分辨率足以研究 CVM 细菌群。细菌群落可能对宫颈癌有重要影响;不过,还需要对宫颈癌病灶特征描述的方法进行标准化。
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引用次数: 0
Torque Teno Virus Control by the Classical Pathway of Complement Activation—A Retrospective Analysis From a First-in-Human Trial Utilizing Sutimlimab 通过补体激活的经典途径控制Torque Teno病毒--使用Sutimlimab的首次人体试验的回顾性分析。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70039
Sebastian Kapps, Jakob Mühlbacher, Dorian Kulifaj, Sophie Courjal, Farsad Eskandary, Martin Schiemann, Bernd Jilma, Georg A. Böhmig, Gregor Bond, Markus Wahrmann

Torque Teno virus (TTV) load is linked with the functionality of its host's immune system and has been proposed as a potential monitoring tool for immune-modulating therapy. However, the immunological mechanisms of TTV control are incompletely understood. To assess the effect of the classical complement pathway on TTV, 64 healthy volunteers and 10 kidney transplant recipients treated with the anti-C1s antibody sutimlimab were analyzed for serum TTV copy numbers (c/mL) by qPCR. Overall, a correlation was observed between the decrease in complement activity caused by sutimlimab and the TTV load increase (ρ = −0.367, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated a trend toward TTV load increase in healthy volunteers following the highest sutimlimab dose compared to baseline (100 mg/kg body weight; median 3.5 log10 c/mL, interquartile range [IQR] 2.8–4.4 vs. 2.9 log10 c/mL, 0.8–3.5; p = 0.063). Administering multiple lower doses (30 mg/kg) also showed a trend toward TTV load increase in healthy volunteers (1.8 log10 c/mL, 0–2.3 vs. 1.9, 1.3–2.8; p = 0.054) and a significant increase in transplant recipients (3.5 log10 c/mL, 3.0–6.1 vs. 4.1, 3.5–6.4; p = 0.004). This report suggests a role for the classical complement pathway in controlling TTV load.

特诺病毒(TTV)的载量与其宿主免疫系统的功能有关,因此被认为是一种潜在的免疫调节疗法监测工具。然而,人们对 TTV 控制的免疫学机制尚不完全了解。为了评估经典补体途径对 TTV 的影响,研究人员通过 qPCR 分析了 64 名健康志愿者和 10 名接受抗 C1s 抗体 sutimlimab 治疗的肾移植受者的血清 TTV 拷贝数(c/mL)。总体而言,观察到 sutimlimab 引起的补体活性降低与 TTV 负荷增加之间存在相关性(ρ = -0.367,p 10 c/mL,四分位数间距 [IQR] 2.8-4.4 vs. 2.9 log10 c/mL,0.8-3.5;p = 0.063)。多次施用低剂量(30 毫克/千克)也显示,健康志愿者的 TTV 负荷有增加趋势(1.8 log10 c/mL, 0-2.3 vs. 1.9, 1.3-2.8; p = 0.054),而移植受者的 TTV 负荷则显著增加(3.5 log10 c/mL, 3.0-6.1 vs. 4.1, 3.5-6.4; p = 0.004)。该报告表明经典补体途径在控制 TTV 负荷方面发挥作用。
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引用次数: 0
Intravenous immunoglobulin‑based adjuvant therapy for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A single‑center retrospective cohort study 严重发热伴血小板减少综合征的静脉注射免疫球蛋白辅助治疗:单中心回顾性队列研究。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70017
Yu Zhai, Haopeng Li, Peng Xia, Yunfei Jiang, Hanwen Tong, Dongming Zhou, Chenxiao Jiang, Yun Liu, Jun Wang

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is frequently administered to patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), particularly those with severe manifestations, although its efficacy remains controversial. The study retrospectively analyzed the effects of IVIG administration on SFTS patients in both mild and severe groups. The primary outcome measure was 28-day mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with propensity score was used to account for baseline confounders. A total of SFTS patients with complete data enrolled from January 1, 2015, to August 1, 2023. Death at 28 days occurred for 68 (17.5%) patients. By unadjusted analysis, no difference was observed for 28-day mortality between the IVIG and non-IVIG groups in both the mild and severe groups. Similar results were found by propensity score matching and by IPTW analysis. Although IVIG is frequently used as adjuvant therapy for severe SFTS patients, no significant association was observed between IVIG treatment and reduced mortality in this patient population.

严重发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)患者,尤其是表现严重的患者,经常会注射静脉免疫球蛋白(IVIG),但其疗效仍存在争议。该研究回顾性分析了轻度和重度组 SFTS 患者使用 IVIG 的效果。主要结果指标是 28 天死亡率。研究采用带有倾向评分的逆概率治疗加权法(IPTW)来考虑基线混杂因素。从2015年1月1日至2023年8月1日,共有数据完整的SFTS患者入组。68名患者(17.5%)在28天内死亡。通过未调整分析,在轻度组和重度组中,IVIG 组和非 IVIG 组的 28 天死亡率均无差异。通过倾向评分匹配和 IPTW 分析也发现了类似的结果。虽然 IVIG 常用于重度 SFTS 患者的辅助治疗,但在这一患者群体中,IVIG 治疗与死亡率降低之间并无明显关联。
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引用次数: 0
BK Polyomavirus Infection of Bladder Microvascular Endothelial Cells Leads to the Activation of the cGAS-STING Pathway BK 多瘤病毒感染膀胱微血管内皮细胞导致 cGAS-STING 通路激活
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70038
Kateřina Bruštíková, Boris Ryabchenko, David Liebl, Lenka Horníková, Jitka Forstová, Sandra Huérfano

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection in humans is usually asymptomatic but ultimately results in viral persistence. In immunocompromised hosts, virus reactivation can lead to nephropathy or hemorrhagic cystitis. The urinary tract serves as a silent reservoir for the virus. Recently, it has been demonstrated that human bladder microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) serve as viral reservoirs, given their unique response to infection, which involves interferon (IFN) production. The aim of the present study was to better understand the life cycle of BKPyV in HBMVECs, uncover the molecular pathway leading to IFN production, and to identify the connection between the viral life cycle and the activation of the IFN response. Here, in the early stage of infection, BKPyV virions were found in internalized monopinocytic vesicles, while later they were detected in late endosomes, lysosomes, tubuloreticular structures, and vacuole-like vesicles. The production of viral progeny in these cells started at 36 h postinfection. Increased cell membrane permeability and peaks of virion release coincided with the leakage of viral and cellular DNA into the cytosol at approximately 60 h postinfection. Leaked DNA colocalized with and activated cGAS, leading to the activation of STING and the consequent transcription of IFNB and IFN-related genes; in contrast, the IFN response was attenuated by exposure to the cGAS inhibitor, G140. These findings highlight the importance of the cGAS-STING pathway in the innate immune response of HBMVECs to BKPyV.

人类感染 BK 多瘤病毒(BKPyV)后通常没有症状,但最终会导致病毒持续存在。在免疫力低下的宿主中,病毒再活化可导致肾病或出血性膀胱炎。泌尿道是病毒的无声贮藏库。最近有研究表明,人膀胱微血管内皮细胞(HBMVECs)可作为病毒库,因为它们对感染的独特反应包括产生干扰素(IFN)。本研究旨在更好地了解 BKPyV 在 HBMVECs 中的生命周期,揭示导致 IFN 产生的分子途径,并确定病毒生命周期与 IFN 反应激活之间的联系。研究发现,在感染初期,BKPyV病毒被发现存在于内化的单核细胞囊泡中,而随后则在晚期内体、溶酶体、管状结构和空泡样囊泡中被检测到。这些细胞在感染后 36 小时开始产生病毒后代。感染后约 60 小时,细胞膜通透性增加,病毒释放达到高峰,同时病毒和细胞 DNA 泄漏到细胞膜中。泄漏的DNA与cGAS共定位并激活了cGAS,导致STING被激活,IFNB和IFN相关基因随之转录;相反,暴露于cGAS抑制剂G140会减弱IFN反应。这些发现凸显了 cGAS-STING 通路在 HBMVECs 对 BKPyV 的先天免疫反应中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Fourth-Generation HIV Rapid Tests: Enhanced Sensitivity and Reduced Diagnostic Window for HIV-1 Primary Infection Screening 第四代 HIV 快速检测试剂盒:第四代 HIV 快速检测试剂盒:提高 HIV-1 初诊感染筛查的灵敏度并缩短诊断窗口期。
IF 6.8 3区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.70044
Vincent Guiraud, Angèle Naizet, Habiba Khan, Ghizlane Benhafoun, Pierre Hernandez, Luigi Piccin, Agnès Pichon, Ay Ling Leng, Léna Yousfi, Agnès Gautheret-Dejean

As most HIV rapid tests (HRT) detect only HIV-1/2 antibodies, their performance during primary HIV infection is poor. Determine HIV Early detect (Abbott) (Determine) is the only HRT with an HIV-1 p24-antigen detection, but the impact of this addition in shortening the diagnostic window remains unclear. A total of 183 HIV-1 primary infection samples were tested using the HRTs Determine and ONE STEP anti-HIV (1&2) Test (InTec Products) (One-Step). The pre-seroconversion subgroup was defined as p24-antigen positivity without Western blot nor Liaison XL (fouth generation enzyme immunoassay with distinct signal for p24-antigen and HIV-1 antibody) HIV-1 antibodies. Global sensitivity (95% CI) was 95% (91–97) for Determine versus 80% (74%–85%) for One-Step (difference p = 1.38e−06). Pre-seroconversion subgroup sensitivity was lower, at 71.9 (54.6%-84.4%) for Determine and 9.7% (3.3%–24.9%) for One-Step. Among the 45 samples with an HIV-1 infection date, no HRT was reactive up to 2 weeks. Between 2 and 3 weeks, Determine sensitivity was 78% (45%–95%) versus 56% (27%–81%) for One-Step. From 3 weeks to 1 month Determine sensitivity was 90% (62%–98%) and One-Step 45% (21%–72%). The last negative sample occurred at 3 weeks for Determine versus 70–90 days for One-Step. HRT with p24-antigen detection significantly shortens the diagnostic window from approximatively 3 months to 1 month. HRTs should be used with caution in the first month after HIV infection.

由于大多数艾滋病毒快速检测试剂盒(HRT)只能检测 HIV-1/2 抗体,因此在艾滋病毒原发感染期间的性能较差。Determine HIV 早期检测试剂盒(雅培)(Determine)是唯一能检测 HIV-1 p24 抗原的快速检测试剂盒,但其对缩短诊断窗口期的影响仍不明确。使用 Determine 和 ONE STEP 抗 HIV (1&2) 检测试剂盒(InTec 产品公司)(One-Step)共检测了 183 份 HIV-1 初诊感染样本。血清转换前亚组的定义是 p24 抗原阳性,但无 Western 印迹或 Liaison XL(第四代酶联免疫测定,p24 抗原和 HIV-1 抗体信号明显)HIV-1 抗体。Determine 的总体灵敏度(95% CI)为 95% (91-97),而 One-Step 为 80% (74%-85%)(差异 p = 1.38e-06)。血清转换前亚组敏感性较低,Determine 为 71.9%(54.6%-84.4%),One-Step 为 9.7%(3.3%-24.9%)。在 45 份有 HIV-1 感染日期的样本中,2 周内没有 HRT 反应。2 到 3 周内,Determine 的灵敏度为 78%(45%-95%),而 One-Step 为 56%(27%-81%)。从 3 周到 1 个月,Determine 的灵敏度为 90%(62%-98%),One-Step 为 45%(21%-72%)。Determine 的最后阴性样本出现在 3 周,而 One-Step 的最后阴性样本出现在 70-90 天。带有 p24 抗原检测功能的 HRT 大大缩短了诊断窗口期,从大约 3 个月缩短到 1 个月。在感染艾滋病毒后的第一个月应慎用 HRT。
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Journal of Medical Virology
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