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The Impact of Pelvicalyceal System Anatomy on Stone Formation in Patients with Single Lower Pole Calyceal Stone on Computed Tomography Urography. 计算机断层扫描尿路造影显示单下极萼状结石患者盆腔萼状系统解剖学对结石形成的影响
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4330
Kapil Adhikari, Niraj Regmi, Karun Devkota, Sapana Koirala

Background: To compare various lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors of stone bearing kidney with contralateral normal kidneys and determine whether these factors predispose to stone formation in one kidney.

Methods: A descriptive study was done with Computed Tomography of 54 patients with solitary lower pole calculus in one kidney and normal contralateral kidney were included. Various lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors like infundibulopelvic angle, infundibular width, infundibular length and calyceopelvic height of both stone bearing and contralateral kidneys were measured and compared for any differences Results: The mean infundibular width was 5.4±1.9mm on stone bearing kidneys and 5.2±2.05mm on contralateral normal kidneys. The mean infundibular length was 18.9±4.4mm on stone bearing kidneys and 18.8±3.9mm on contralateral normal kidneys. The mean infundibulopelvic angle was 47.9±10.8° on stone bearing kidneys and 47.6±11.2° on contralateral kidneys. The mean calyceopelvic height was 15.7±4.6mm on stone bearing kidneys and 15.5±3.9mm (range 7.5to 23.1mm) on contralateral kidneys. There were no statistically significant differences between stone bearing and contralateral normal kidneys in respect to these pelvicalyceal anatomical factors.

Conclusions: In this study, we found no significant difference in lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors between stone bearing kidneys and contralateral normal kidneys and therefore these factors do not seem to have significant role in stone formation in one kidney compared with the other.

背景:比较结石肾脏与对侧正常肾脏的各种下极肾盂-阴囊解剖因素,并确定这些因素是否易导致一个肾脏形成结石:比较患结石肾脏与对侧正常肾脏的各种下极肾盂-阴囊解剖因素,并确定这些因素是否易导致单侧肾脏形成结石:方法: 通过计算机断层扫描对54例单侧肾脏单发下极结石患者和对侧正常肾脏患者进行了描述性研究。测量并比较了患肾和对侧肾脏的各种下极肾盂肾盂解剖因素,如肾小球内角、肾小球内宽、肾小球内长和肾盂肾盏高度,以确定是否存在差异:取石肾脏的平均肾窝宽度为 5.4±1.9 毫米,对侧正常肾脏的平均肾窝宽度为 5.2±2.05 毫米。结石肾脏的平均肾窝长度为(18.9±4.4)mm,对侧正常肾脏的平均肾窝长度为(18.8±3.9)mm。结石肾脏的平均肾盂下角为(47.9±10.8)°,对侧肾脏的平均肾盂下角为(47.6±11.2)°。结石肾脏的平均肾盂高度为15.7±4.6毫米,对侧肾脏的平均肾盂高度为15.5±3.9毫米(范围为7.5至23.1毫米)。在这些肾盂-阴囊解剖因素方面,结石患肾和对侧正常肾脏之间的差异无统计学意义:在这项研究中,我们发现患结石的肾脏和对侧正常肾脏在下极肾盂膀胱解剖因素方面没有明显差异,因此这些因素与其他肾脏相比在结石形成中似乎没有明显作用。
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引用次数: 0
Fetomaternal Outcome in Antepartum Hemorrhage After 34 Weeks of Gestation. 妊娠 34 周后产前出血的母体结局
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4978
Bijay Kumar Ranabhat, Ganesh Dangal, Sandesh Poudel, Shreeprasad Adhikari, Chiranjivi Khadka

Background: Antepartum hemorrhage is defined as any bleeding from or into the genital tract during pregnancy, after the period of viability until delivery of the fetus. APH complicates 2-5% of pregnancies and is a primary cause of perinatal and maternal mortality globally. Aim of this study is to evaluate maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with APH at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital, during a period of 5 months from December 2022 to April 2023. 50 cases of APH were enrolled with gestational age ≥ 34 weeks of gestation.

Results: Incidence of APH after 34 weeks of gestation was 0.51%. The most common type of APH was abruption placenta (44%) followed by placenta previa (32%) and undetermined (24%). The age range of 26 to 30 years old accounted for the highest number of APH patients i.e., 21(42%). In placenta previa, 75% and in abruption placenta 63.64% were multigravida. APH was presented mostly between 37-40 weeks. Around 26% of the patients had anemia at the time of admission. Most common mode of delivery was cesarean section (82%). Most common maternal complications were PPH (40%), blood transfusion (28%), DIC (4%), cesarean hysterectomy (4%). Low birth weight and preterm were the most common causes of fetal complications. Maternal mortality was 2% and perinatal mortality was 18% overall.

Conclusions: APH is primary cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. In our study, an abruption placenta was the most frequent cause of APH. Cesarean section was the most commonly used mode of delivery. PPH with blood transfusion was the most prevalent maternal complication, while fetal complications included low birth weight and preterm..

背景:产前出血是指妊娠期间,在胎儿存活期后至分娩前的任何生殖道出血。2%-5%的妊娠会并发产前出血,是全球围产期和孕产妇死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估一家三级医院中 APH 患者的孕产妇和围产期结局:本研究是一项横断面研究,于 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 4 月的 5 个月期间在帕罗帕卡妇产医院妇产科进行。共登记了 50 例胎龄≥ 34 周的 APH 患者:结果:妊娠 34 周后的 APH 发生率为 0.51%。最常见的 APH 类型是胎盘早剥(44%),其次是前置胎盘(32%)和原因不明(24%)。年龄在 26 至 30 岁之间的 APH 患者最多,占 21 例(42%)。75%的前置胎盘患者和63.64%的胎盘早剥患者为多胎妊娠。APH 多发生在 37-40 周之间。约 26% 的患者在入院时患有贫血。最常见的分娩方式是剖腹产(82%)。最常见的产妇并发症是 PPH(40%)、输血(28%)、DIC(4%)和剖宫产子宫切除术(4%)。低出生体重和早产是导致胎儿并发症的最常见原因。产妇死亡率为2%,围产期死亡率为18%:APH是导致孕产妇和围产儿发病和死亡的主要原因。在我们的研究中,胎盘早剥是导致 APH 的最常见原因。剖腹产是最常用的分娩方式。输血导致的 PPH 是最常见的产妇并发症,而胎儿并发症包括出生体重不足和早产。
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引用次数: 0
Cutaneous Lymphoma in a Tertiary Skin Hospital and Referral Centre in Nepal. 尼泊尔一家三级皮肤医院和转诊中心的皮肤淋巴瘤。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4879
Ram Chandra Adhikari, Mahesh Shah, Werner Kempf, Anil Kumar Jha

Background: Primary cutaneous lymphomas are a distinct group of rare lymphoid neoplasms with absence of extracutaneous lymphomas at the time of presentation. They are rare in Nepal and no data on cutaneous lymphoma have been published from this country till date.

Methods: This retrospective study included 15 cases of cutaneous lymphomas retrieved from the records of department of Dermatopathology, DI Skin Hospital and Referral Centre, Bansbari, Kathmandu, Nepal. Patients were diagnosed according to the current WHO classification for cutaneous lymphoma.

Results: A total of 15 cases were studied with median age of 45 years (range: 22 to 81 years) and male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Primary cutaneous lymphomas constituted 13 cases out of 15 and the most common type of cutaneous lymphoma was mycosis fungoides and variants 5 (33%), followed by CD30 positive primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma constituting 2 (13%). T-cell cutaneous lymphoma constituted 13 (87%) and B-cell cutaneous lymphoma 2 (13%).

Conclusions: Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas were more frequent than cutaneous B-cell lymphomas in Nepalese patients. Mycosis fungoides and variants are commonest type of primary cutaneous lymphomas.

背景:原发性皮肤淋巴瘤是一类独特的罕见淋巴肿瘤,发病时没有皮肤外淋巴瘤。这种淋巴瘤在尼泊尔非常罕见,迄今为止,尼泊尔尚未发表过有关皮肤淋巴瘤的数据:这项回顾性研究包括从尼泊尔加德满都班斯巴里 DI 皮肤医院和转诊中心皮肤病理科记录中检索到的 15 例皮肤淋巴瘤病例。患者根据目前世界卫生组织对皮肤淋巴瘤的分类进行诊断:共研究了 15 个病例,中位年龄为 45 岁(22 至 81 岁),男女比例为 1.5:1。原发性皮肤淋巴瘤占 15 例中的 13 例,最常见的皮肤淋巴瘤类型是真菌病和变异型 5 例(33%),其次是 CD30 阳性的原发性皮肤无性大细胞淋巴瘤 2 例(13%)。T细胞皮肤淋巴瘤13例(87%),B细胞皮肤淋巴瘤2例(13%):结论:在尼泊尔患者中,皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤的发病率高于皮肤B细胞淋巴瘤。放线菌病及其变种是最常见的原发性皮肤淋巴瘤类型。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Errors on Death Certificates. 评估死亡证书上的错误。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4941
Alok Atreya, Bina Acharya, Purushottam Prasad Yadav, Ritesh G Menezes, Samata Nepal

Background: Death certificates provide vital data for disease surveillance and health policy. However, errors are common globally, undermining data reliability. This study analyzed prevalence and types of errors in death certificates at a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Methods: A cross-sectional study reviewed all death certificates issued at Lumbini Medical College, Nepal from April 2020 to April 2022. Certificates were assessed for errors including improper sequencing, absent time intervals, abbreviations, illegible writing, and inaccurate immediate, antecedent, and underlying causes of death as per international guidelines. Errors were classified as major or minor.

Results: Of 139 certificates, none were error-free. The most common error was incorrectly or incompletely filling the immediate cause of death (77.7%). Other errors included absent time of death (17.3%), abbreviations (57.6%), illegible writing (22.3%), and omitting the hospital stamp/medical council registration number (8.6%). Based on international criteria, 76.3% had minor errors, 23% had both major and minor errors.

Conclusions: This study found a high rate of errors in death certification at a tertiary hospital in Nepal, undermining data accuracy. Regular training and monitoring with feedback are recommended to improve certification practices. Accurate cause-of-death data is vital for healthcare policy and decision-making in Nepal.

背景:死亡证明为疾病监测和卫生政策提供了重要数据。然而,错误在全球范围内都很常见,影响了数据的可靠性。本研究分析了尼泊尔一家三级医院死亡证明书中错误的发生率和类型:这项横断面研究审查了尼泊尔蓝毗尼医学院在 2020 年 4 月至 2022 年 4 月期间签发的所有死亡证明。根据国际指南,对证书中的错误进行了评估,包括排序不当、时间间隔缺失、缩写、书写不清、直接死因、前因后果和潜在死因不准确。错误分为大错和小错:在 139 份死亡证明中,没有一份不存在错误。最常见的错误是直接死因填写错误或不完整(77.7%)。其他错误包括未填写死亡时间(17.3%)、缩写(57.6%)、字迹模糊(22.3%)和漏填医院印章/医学委员会注册号(8.6%)。根据国际标准,76.3%存在轻微错误,23%既有重大错误也有轻微错误:这项研究发现,尼泊尔一家三级医院的死亡证明出错率很高,影响了数据的准确性。建议进行定期培训和监测,并提供反馈意见,以改进认证工作。准确的死因数据对尼泊尔的医疗政策和决策至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Response Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and/or Sinopharm, BBIBP-CorV: Correspondence. 接种 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 和/或国药集团 BBIBP-CorV 疫苗后的 SARS-CoV-2 体液反应评估:通信。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.5138
Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit

n/a.

不适用。
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引用次数: 0
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for Universal screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. 用于普遍筛查妊娠糖尿病的口服葡萄糖耐量试验。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4905
Abha Shrestha, Rajani Shakya, Rabina Shrestha, Sulata Karki, Seema Das, Priya Shrestha, Anisha Rai, Saroj Thapa, Abha Shrestha, Biraj Karmacharya

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus increased almost 30% in many countries, including underdeveloped countries and same in Nepal. Hospital-based studies in Nepal reported Gestational Diabetes Mellitus cases, with prevalence 2.48% in 2010 to 4.47% in 2019 emphasising on necessity of universal screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Methods: As part of implementation of Electronic Decision support System for Antenatal Care, in formative study clinical vignettes on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case presented to six healthcare providers ( Incharges, Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives and Lab Assistants) from 3 primary healthcare facilities in Kavre and Dolakha districts, Nepal from October-December 2019. 19 Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives from 19 HCF of 4 districts (Kavre, Dolakha, Sindhuli, and Sindhupalchok, including where clinical vignette were applied trained to perform Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for 4 hours. In-depth Interviews conducted with 16 Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives (8 trained and 8 peer coached from selected 4 HCF to explore their perception and experiences of conducting Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and continuing it for future. Clinical vigenttes compared with PEN protocol and IDIs analyzed thematically.

Results: Only 4/6 HCPs made probable diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. 217 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test performed, 24 found to have Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. In-depth Interviews showed Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives enthusiasts on implementing tests for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and to continue what has been learnt in training. Some challenges; clients hesitate to stay 2 hours at facilities due to unavailability of transport and household work. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test trained Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives seem more confident in counselling and conducting Oral Glucose Tolerance Test than those peer coached.

Conclusions: Administering Oral Glucose Tolerance Test seemed feasible in HCF settings despite some challenges. Training and continuing logistics supply from municipality level seems promising.

背景:在许多国家,包括欠发达国家,妊娠糖尿病的发病率增加了近30%,尼泊尔也是如此。尼泊尔以医院为基础的研究报告显示,妊娠糖尿病病例的发病率从 2010 年的 2.48% 上升到 2019 年的 4.47%,这强调了普遍筛查妊娠糖尿病的必要性:作为产前护理电子决策支持系统实施工作的一部分,2019 年 10 月至 12 月期间,在形成性研究中向尼泊尔卡夫雷县和多拉卡县 3 家初级医疗保健机构的 6 名医疗服务提供者(主管、辅助护士、助产士和实验室助理)展示了有关妊娠糖尿病病例的临床小故事。对来自 4 个县(卡夫雷县、多拉卡县、信都里县和信都帕尔卓克县)19 个基层医疗机构的 19 名辅助护士和助产士进行了 4 小时的口服葡萄糖耐量测试培训。对 16 名辅助护士和助产士(8 名接受过培训,8 名来自选定的 4 个家庭护理中心)进行了深入访谈,以了解她们对进行口服葡萄糖耐量测试的看法和经验,并在今后继续开展这项工作。将临床试纸与 PEN 方案进行比较,并对 IDI 进行专题分析:结果:只有 4/6 名保健医生做出了妊娠糖尿病的可能诊断。进行了 217 次口服葡萄糖耐量测试,发现 24 人患有妊娠糖尿病。深入访谈显示,辅助护士和助产士热衷于实施妊娠糖尿病测试,并继续在培训中学到的知识。面临的一些挑战是:由于没有交通工具和家务劳动,客户不愿在医疗机构逗留 2 小时。接受过口服葡萄糖耐量试验培训的辅助护士和助产士在提供咨询和进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验方面似乎比接受过同伴辅导的人员更有信心:尽管存在一些挑战,但在高危家庭中进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验似乎是可行的。市政当局提供的培训和持续的后勤供应似乎很有前景。
{"title":"Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for Universal screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Abha Shrestha, Rajani Shakya, Rabina Shrestha, Sulata Karki, Seema Das, Priya Shrestha, Anisha Rai, Saroj Thapa, Abha Shrestha, Biraj Karmacharya","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational Diabetes Mellitus increased almost 30% in many countries, including underdeveloped countries and same in Nepal. Hospital-based studies in Nepal reported Gestational Diabetes Mellitus cases, with prevalence 2.48% in 2010 to 4.47% in 2019 emphasising on necessity of universal screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of implementation of Electronic Decision support System for Antenatal Care, in formative study clinical vignettes on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus case presented to six healthcare providers ( Incharges, Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives and Lab Assistants) from 3 primary healthcare facilities in Kavre and Dolakha districts, Nepal from October-December 2019. 19 Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives from 19 HCF of 4 districts (Kavre, Dolakha, Sindhuli, and Sindhupalchok, including where clinical vignette were applied trained to perform Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for 4 hours. In-depth Interviews conducted with 16 Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives (8 trained and 8 peer coached from selected 4 HCF to explore their perception and experiences of conducting Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and continuing it for future. Clinical vigenttes compared with PEN protocol and IDIs analyzed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 4/6 HCPs made probable diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. 217 Oral Glucose Tolerance Test performed, 24 found to have Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. In-depth Interviews showed Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives enthusiasts on implementing tests for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and to continue what has been learnt in training. Some challenges; clients hesitate to stay 2 hours at facilities due to unavailability of transport and household work. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test trained Auxiliary Nurse, Midwives seem more confident in counselling and conducting Oral Glucose Tolerance Test than those peer coached.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administering Oral Glucose Tolerance Test seemed feasible in HCF settings despite some challenges. Training and continuing logistics supply from municipality level seems promising.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 1","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Choroidal Thickness Measurement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with or Without Ocular Manifestation. 有或无眼部表现的系统性红斑狼疮患者的脉络膜厚度测量。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4903
Prajita Khadka, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Sanjeeb Kumar Mishra, Saket Jha, Srijana Lamichhane, Parash Gyawali, Aayush Chandan

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a multi-systemic disease that has a high morbidity rate. Choroids usually have a distinct structural makeup in different systemic disorders which makes it easier to be used as a potential tool for the study of disease activity.

Methods: This study was an observational cross-sectional prospective study with a total of 51 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients and 51 normal controls were included. The choroidal thickness values were determined using the Spectralis Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography instrument (Heidelberg Engineering).

Results: The results showed that the mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients with ocular manifestations had thinner choroidal thickness compared to normal controls with p<0.001, p=0.008, and p<0.001, respectively. On the other hand, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients without ocular manifestations had relatively thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness compared to normal controls (p<0.001) but nasal and temporal choroidal thickness were not statistically significant (p=0.264 and p=0.347 respectively).

Conclusions: The findings suggested that choroidal thickness measurement may serve as an indicator of disease activity and prognosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients, as well as a potential tool to predict the occurrence of ocular manifestations. Thinning of the choroid may be associated with factors such as decreased blood flow leading to atrophy or chronic inflammation, while thickening of the choroid may indicate active stage of the disease and the possibility of severe ocular manifestations in the future.

背景:系统性红斑狼疮是一种多系统疾病,发病率很高:系统性红斑狼疮是一种多系统疾病,发病率很高。在不同的系统疾病中,脉络膜通常具有不同的结构组成,因此更容易被用作研究疾病活动的潜在工具:本研究是一项观察性横断面前瞻性研究,共纳入 51 名系统性红斑狼疮患者和 51 名正常对照组。使用 Spectralis 光谱域光学相干断层扫描仪(海德堡工程公司)测定脉络膜厚度值:结果:结果表明,与正常对照组相比,有眼部表现的系统性红斑狼疮患者的平均眼底、鼻腔和颞部脉络膜厚度较薄:研究结果表明,脉络膜厚度测量可作为系统性红斑狼疮患者疾病活动和预后的指标,也是预测眼部表现发生的潜在工具。脉络膜变薄可能与血流减少导致萎缩或慢性炎症等因素有关,而脉络膜增厚可能预示着疾病处于活跃期,未来可能出现严重的眼部表现。
{"title":"Choroidal Thickness Measurement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with or Without Ocular Manifestation.","authors":"Prajita Khadka, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Sanjeeb Kumar Mishra, Saket Jha, Srijana Lamichhane, Parash Gyawali, Aayush Chandan","doi":"10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a multi-systemic disease that has a high morbidity rate. Choroids usually have a distinct structural makeup in different systemic disorders which makes it easier to be used as a potential tool for the study of disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was an observational cross-sectional prospective study with a total of 51 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients and 51 normal controls were included. The choroidal thickness values were determined using the Spectralis Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography instrument (Heidelberg Engineering).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients with ocular manifestations had thinner choroidal thickness compared to normal controls with p<0.001, p=0.008, and p<0.001, respectively. On the other hand, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients without ocular manifestations had relatively thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness compared to normal controls (p<0.001) but nasal and temporal choroidal thickness were not statistically significant (p=0.264 and p=0.347 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggested that choroidal thickness measurement may serve as an indicator of disease activity and prognosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients, as well as a potential tool to predict the occurrence of ocular manifestations. Thinning of the choroid may be associated with factors such as decreased blood flow leading to atrophy or chronic inflammation, while thickening of the choroid may indicate active stage of the disease and the possibility of severe ocular manifestations in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nepal Health Research Council","volume":"22 1","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Publication Status of Theses among Post-graduate Students in Nursing from Institute of Medicine. 医学院护理专业研究生的论文发表情况。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4460
Pratima Khatri, Bigya Chapagain, Mohan Raj Sharma

Background: Publication of the research work done during the master's program is highly desirable. However, there is a paucity of data on the number of publications, especially from low-income countries. The objective was to find out the status of the publication of the theses of post-graduate students in Nursing from the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Nepal from 2015-2019.

Methods: Cross-sectional analytical design with a structured interview via telephone was done for data collection. Independent variables were age, marital status, current work status, current working organization, type of research, year of graduation, and facilitators and barriers to publication, whereas dependent was the publication status of the thesis.

Results: Two hundred five (76.2%) out of 269 participated in the study. The age group ranged from 27 to 50 years (mean ± SD = 36.6±4.8). The majority 89.3% were married. Currently working in academic institutions was 51.7%. One hundred ninety-eight (96.6%) respondents performed a cross-sectional descriptive study. Only 2.9% of studies were cross-sectional analytical and 0.5% were qualitative. Seventy-five (36.6%) respondents published their theses. Twenty-seven (36.0%) were published in PubMed-indexed journals. The most common facilitator for publication was academic satisfaction [59 out of 75(78.7%)] followed by encouragement from supervisors 52.0% and peers 40.0%, whereas the commonest barrier to publication was lack of interest [80 out of 124 (64.5%)] followed by lack of confidence 51.6%.

Conclusions: Based on the results, more than one-third of the participants published their theses in national and international journals including those indexed in PubMed. Provision of university research grants, development of publication culture among post-graduate students, and making a provision of academic publication before degree awards should be encouraged for more academic publication.

背景:发表硕士课程期间完成的研究工作是非常可取的。然而,有关发表论文数量的数据却很少,尤其是低收入国家。本研究旨在了解 2015-2019 年尼泊尔特里布文大学医学院护理专业研究生论文的发表情况:采用横断面分析设计,通过电话进行结构化访谈收集数据。自变量为年龄、婚姻状况、当前工作状况、当前工作单位、研究类型、毕业年份、发表论文的促进因素和障碍,因变量为论文发表状况:269 人中有 25 人(76.2%)参与了研究。年龄在 27 至 50 岁之间(平均 ± SD = 36.6±4.8)。大多数人 89.3% 已婚。目前在学术机构工作的占 51.7%。198名受访者(96.6%)进行了横断面描述性研究。只有 2.9%的研究是横断面分析研究,0.5%是定性研究。75(36.6%)名受访者发表了论文。27人(36.0%)在PubM索引期刊上发表了论文。发表论文最常见的促进因素是学术满意度[75 人中有 59 人(78.7%)],其次是导师的鼓励 52.0%和同行的鼓励 40.0%,而发表论文最常见的障碍是缺乏兴趣[124 人中有 80 人(64.5%)],其次是缺乏自信 51.6%:根据调查结果,超过三分之一的参与者在国内和国际期刊上发表了论文,包括被 PubMed 收录的期刊。应鼓励提供大学研究补助金、在研究生中培养发表论文的文化,以及在授予学位前规定发表学术论文,以促进学术论文的发表。
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引用次数: 0
Service Readiness for Safe Abortion Services. 安全堕胎服务的服务准备。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4951
Deeb Shrestha Dangol, Nisha Gyawali, Bibek Kumar Lal, Nisha Kumari Joshi, Sujan Karki, Kritee Lamichhane, Parash Prasad Phuyal, Shipra Joshi, Jagadishwor Ghimire, Bill Powell, Jina Dhillon, Anna Lynam

Background:  Health service readiness is a prerequisite to accessing quality services. This study analyzes the readiness of health facilities in Nepal to provide comprehensive abortion services by focusing on the availability and quality of care.   Methods:  This is a cross-sectional study, and a multi-stage sampling approach was used to select health facilities. A total of 767 health facilities were surveyed from 30 Municipalities across the country.   Results: In a study of 767 health facilities surveyed, only 223 (29%) offered abortion services. Among them, 92% offered medical abortion, 48% provided manual vacuum aspiration, 18% offered dilation and evacuation and 18% offered medical induction. Approximately 7% of health facilities lacked trained providers yet still provided services and 29% of health facilities providing abortion services were not compliant with legal requirements. Interestingly, 13% of these facilities lacked short-acting contraceptives.   Conclusions:  Most health facilities in Nepal lack readiness for Safe Abortion Services (SAS), failing to meet minimum criteria, including to provide abortion legally. Urgent collaborative efforts among policymakers, administrators, and healthcare providers are needed to align with Nepal's Sustainable Development Goals and address gaps in safe abortion service availability. This includes policy updates, strengthening Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), and ensuring comprehensive SAS implementation and financing as part of essential health services.

背景: 医疗服务的准备程度是获得优质服务的先决条件。本研究通过关注医疗服务的可用性和质量,分析了尼泊尔医疗机构在提供全面人工流产服务方面的准备情况。研究方法 这是一项横断面研究,采用多阶段抽样方法选择医疗机构。共调查了全国 30 个市的 767 家医疗机构。 研究结果在接受调查的 767 家医疗机构中,只有 223 家(29%)提供人工流产服务。其中,92%提供药物流产,48%提供人工真空吸引术,18%提供扩张和排空术,18%提供药物引产。约 7% 的医疗机构缺乏训练有素的服务提供者,但仍提供服务,29% 提供人工流产服务的医疗机构不符合法律要求。有趣的是,其中 13% 的医疗机构缺乏短效避孕药具。 结论: 尼泊尔的大多数医疗机构都没有做好安全堕胎服务(SAS)的准备,未能达到最低标准,包括合法提供堕胎服务。决策者、管理者和医疗服务提供者迫切需要通力合作,以实现尼泊尔的可持续发展目标,并解决安全堕胎服务供应方面的差距。这包括更新政策、加强公私合作伙伴关系(PPP),以及确保全面实施 SAS 并将其作为基本保健服务的一部分进行资助。
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引用次数: 0
Service Readiness of Primary Health Care Facilities for Non-Communicable Diseases Management. 基层医疗机构非传染性疾病管理服务准备情况。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v22i01.4914
Yam Prasad Sharma, Hari Prasad Kaphle, Niranjan Shrestha, Jagat Prasad Upadhyay, Sujan Poudel

Background: NCDs prevalence and associated risk factors impacts on the burden of disease and premature mortality. Effective NCD service delivery requires well equipped facilities with trained providers and resources. Evaluating readiness and its determinant is crucial for enhancing NCD management. The study examines readiness in primary health care facilities for managing non-communicable disease in Syangja district.

Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted among 117 Primary health care facility health workers in Nepal's Syangja District. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews using modified WHO-SARA tool. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between NCD readiness and its associated factors and multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine the strength of the correlation.

Results: Only 6 percent of the healthcare facilities in Syangja district had developed the system for readiness against non-communicable diseases. The mean percentage scores for service-specific domains ranged from 40% to 58%, indicating variations in readiness across different domains mainly contributed by basic amenities and training. Approximately 80.3% of health facilities received support from the local government, while equipment or commodities support was provided to the third- quarter of the health facilities.

Conclusion: Total service readiness was very low in the diagnostic and medicine facilities of Syangja. It demonstrates that there is a discrepancy between the present situation of the incremental trend of NCDs and the related level of service preparedness in primary health care settings. The development of the service readiness mechanism is imperative considering the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Syangja.

背景:非传染性疾病的发病率和相关风险因素影响着疾病负担和过早死亡率。有效提供非传染性疾病服务需要设备齐全、训练有素的服务提供者和资源。评估准备情况及其决定因素对于加强非传染性疾病管理至关重要。本研究探讨了 Syangja 地区初级卫生保健机构管理非传染性疾病的准备情况:对尼泊尔 Syangja 县的 117 名初级卫生保健机构卫生工作者进行了横断面研究。数据是通过使用经修改的世界卫生组织--SARA 工具进行面对面访谈收集的。采用卡方检验来评估非传染性疾病准备度与相关因素之间的关系,并利用多变量逻辑回归来确定相关性的强度:结果:Syangja 地区仅有 6% 的医疗机构开发了非传染性疾病就绪系统。服务特定领域的平均百分比得分介于 40% 至 58% 之间,这表明不同领域的准备程度存在差异,主要由基本设施和培训造成。约有 80.3% 的医疗机构得到了当地政府的支持,三分之一的医疗机构得到了设备或商品支持:结论:Syangja 的诊断和医疗设施的服务准备程度很低。这表明,非传染性疾病的增长趋势与基层医疗机构的相关服务准备水平之间存在差异。考虑到非传染性疾病在 Syangja 的发病率不断上升,服务准备机制的发展势在必行。
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Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
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