Solar selective absorber coatings with wide angular solar absorptance aids in attaining high photothermal conversion efficiency for solar thermal systems. In this regard, nanoparticles-based absorber coatings were developed on SS 304 by combining the impregnation method, solvothermal process, and dip-coating technique. Developed nanocomposite (SiO 2 nanoparticles in transition metal oxide matrix) based single layer absorber coating with nano void textured surface, exhibits solar absorptance of 0.92 and spectral emittance of 0.12. MgF 2 nanoparticles based anti-reflective layer on single-layer absorber coating improves the solar absorptance to 0.94 by destructive interference mechanism. Both nanoparticles based single and tandem absorber coatings show wide angular solar absorptance of 0.88 and 0.89, respectively, at an incident angle of 50°. Besides, developed absorber coatings show lower thermal emissivity of 0.17 and good photothermal conversion efficiencies at high operating temperatures (400 - 500 °C). These developed absorber coatings offer excellent thermal stability at an open atmospheric condition till operating temperature, such as 400 °C for 100 h. Selective nature with wide angular solar absorptance and low heat loss behaviour of stable absorber coating shows the photothermal conversion efficiency of 91% can improve the performance of receiver tubes in solar thermal systems.
{"title":"Nanoparticles Based Single and Tandem Stable Solar Selective Absorber Coatings with Wide Angular Solar Absorptance","authors":"K. Phani Kumar, S. Mallick, S. Sakthivel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927616","url":null,"abstract":"Solar selective absorber coatings with wide angular solar absorptance aids in attaining high photothermal conversion efficiency for solar thermal systems. In this regard, nanoparticles-based absorber coatings were developed on SS 304 by combining the impregnation method, solvothermal process, and dip-coating technique. Developed nanocomposite (SiO 2 nanoparticles in transition metal oxide matrix) based single layer absorber coating with nano void textured surface, exhibits solar absorptance of 0.92 and spectral emittance of 0.12. MgF 2 nanoparticles based anti-reflective layer on single-layer absorber coating improves the solar absorptance to 0.94 by destructive interference mechanism. Both nanoparticles based single and tandem absorber coatings show wide angular solar absorptance of 0.88 and 0.89, respectively, at an incident angle of 50°. Besides, developed absorber coatings show lower thermal emissivity of 0.17 and good photothermal conversion efficiencies at high operating temperatures (400 - 500 °C). These developed absorber coatings offer excellent thermal stability at an open atmospheric condition till operating temperature, such as 400 °C for 100 h. Selective nature with wide angular solar absorptance and low heat loss behaviour of stable absorber coating shows the photothermal conversion efficiency of 91% can improve the performance of receiver tubes in solar thermal systems.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116822103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Haddeland, J. Hole, E. Holmqvist, V. Koestler, M. Sidelnikova, C. A. Veie, M. Wold
Hydro power inflow, wind power, solar power and electricity demand in Norway are estimated based on meteorological data for the period 1961-2020. The installed capacity of the production technologies is kept constant at 2020 levels throughout the analyses. Correlations within and between power sources, and trends in electricity production and consumption are investigated. Wind power production shows a higher correlation with electricity demand than hydro inflow and solar power at daily and monthly time scales. For wind and solar, correlations between power plants decrease distinctly with distance, whereas for hydro inflow the correlation dependence on distance is less clear. Hydro power inflow shows an increasing trend during the time period studied, and the relative increase is largest during the winter season. Wind and solar power production are only marginally affected by climate differences in the study period. Electricity consumption decreases somewhat during the 60-year period, due to increasing average temperatures. The combined effect is a slightly increasing trend in long term estimated electricity surplus. Although a surplus of electricity exists at the mean annual level, additional available electricity in the form of reservoir storage or import is needed to maintain security of supply within the country.
{"title":"Effects of Climate on Renewable Energy Sources and Electricity Supply in Norway","authors":"I. Haddeland, J. Hole, E. Holmqvist, V. Koestler, M. Sidelnikova, C. A. Veie, M. Wold","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940150","url":null,"abstract":"Hydro power inflow, wind power, solar power and electricity demand in Norway are estimated based on meteorological data for the period 1961-2020. The installed capacity of the production technologies is kept constant at 2020 levels throughout the analyses. Correlations within and between power sources, and trends in electricity production and consumption are investigated. Wind power production shows a higher correlation with electricity demand than hydro inflow and solar power at daily and monthly time scales. For wind and solar, correlations between power plants decrease distinctly with distance, whereas for hydro inflow the correlation dependence on distance is less clear. Hydro power inflow shows an increasing trend during the time period studied, and the relative increase is largest during the winter season. Wind and solar power production are only marginally affected by climate differences in the study period. Electricity consumption decreases somewhat during the 60-year period, due to increasing average temperatures. The combined effect is a slightly increasing trend in long term estimated electricity surplus. Although a surplus of electricity exists at the mean annual level, additional available electricity in the form of reservoir storage or import is needed to maintain security of supply within the country.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133577300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Borehole heat exchanger applications are growing every day – so pronouncedly that many borehole fields will likely operate in dense installation areas in the foreseeable future. In these conditions, the thermal interactions that inherently characterize the operation of most borehole heat exchanger fields will have the potential to develop between neighboring fields, with detrimental effects on the performance and efficiency of such installations in the absence of appropriate designs strategies. Currently, insufficient knowledge is accessible on thermal interaction effects among borehole heat exchanger fields and only a few approaches allow to effectively consider such effects in the design of these heat exchangers. This paper expands the limited competence on thermal interaction effects among borehole heat exchanger fields and presents and validates a methodology to facilitate the design of such heat exchangers. With reference to a virtual operation of multiple vertical borehole fields in the Loop district of Chicago, USA, the work highlights significant thermal interactions among neighboring borehole fields. The proposed methodology allows correcting the design of borehole fields to avoid overexploitation of the geothermal resource and the insurgence of litigation cases between geothermal users, representing a powerful approach to cope with thermal interaction effects among geothermal boreholes at scale.
{"title":"Thermal Interactions Among Vertical Geothermal Borehole Fields","authors":"L. Cassina, L. Laloui, A. F. Rotta Loria","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3946173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3946173","url":null,"abstract":"Borehole heat exchanger applications are growing every day – so pronouncedly that many borehole fields will likely operate in dense installation areas in the foreseeable future. In these conditions, the thermal interactions that inherently characterize the operation of most borehole heat exchanger fields will have the potential to develop between neighboring fields, with detrimental effects on the performance and efficiency of such installations in the absence of appropriate designs strategies. Currently, insufficient knowledge is accessible on thermal interaction effects among borehole heat exchanger fields and only a few approaches allow to effectively consider such effects in the design of these heat exchangers. This paper expands the limited competence on thermal interaction effects among borehole heat exchanger fields and presents and validates a methodology to facilitate the design of such heat exchangers. With reference to a virtual operation of multiple vertical borehole fields in the Loop district of Chicago, USA, the work highlights significant thermal interactions among neighboring borehole fields. The proposed methodology allows correcting the design of borehole fields to avoid overexploitation of the geothermal resource and the insurgence of litigation cases between geothermal users, representing a powerful approach to cope with thermal interaction effects among geothermal boreholes at scale.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"57 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113969110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Palomo, M. A. Rodríguez-Cano, José Berruezo-García, J. Rodríguez-Mirasol, T. Cordero
Zeolites are widely used in many applications, such as catalysis and adsorption processes. The use of these materials in a nanometric size would be of great interest for these applications, due to the better performance they could exhibit in terms of avoiding intraparticle mass and heat transfer limitations. However, this small particle size results in high pressure drops in adsorption columns and fixed-bed reactors, making these materials non-applicable directly in the nanometric size. In this work, ZrO 2 fibers with a mean size of 275 nm and the presence of small well-defined ZSM-5 zeolite aggregates of 550 nm in size around the ZrO 2 submicrometric fibers, in the form of a shell-like structure, have been prepared by electrospinning technique, which resulted very active for the synthesis of DME and light olefins via methanol dehydration. The submicrometric fibrillar catalysts, without any further modification, could be easily structured inside a fixed-bed reactor, which worked very efficiently in terms of heat and mass transfer, avoiding, at the same time, the usual pressure drops problems of fixed-bed reactors working with catalyst particles of submicrometric size. Methanol conversion and selectivity to DME and light hydrocarbons could be finely controlled, for a given set reaction conditions, by tuning the zeolite loading in the structured catalyst. Apparent kinetic parameters for the selective methanol dehydration to DME were calculated assuming a reversible second order rate expression and an activation energy of 75 kJ/mol was obtained.
{"title":"Efficient Methanol Dehydration to DME and Light Hydrocarbons by Submicrometric ZrO2-ZSM-5 Fibrillar Catalysts with a Shell-Like Structure","authors":"J. Palomo, M. A. Rodríguez-Cano, José Berruezo-García, J. Rodríguez-Mirasol, T. Cordero","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3944569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3944569","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolites are widely used in many applications, such as catalysis and adsorption processes. The use of these materials in a nanometric size would be of great interest for these applications, due to the better performance they could exhibit in terms of avoiding intraparticle mass and heat transfer limitations. However, this small particle size results in high pressure drops in adsorption columns and fixed-bed reactors, making these materials non-applicable directly in the nanometric size. In this work, ZrO 2 fibers with a mean size of 275 nm and the presence of small well-defined ZSM-5 zeolite aggregates of 550 nm in size around the ZrO 2 submicrometric fibers, in the form of a shell-like structure, have been prepared by electrospinning technique, which resulted very active for the synthesis of DME and light olefins via methanol dehydration. The submicrometric fibrillar catalysts, without any further modification, could be easily structured inside a fixed-bed reactor, which worked very efficiently in terms of heat and mass transfer, avoiding, at the same time, the usual pressure drops problems of fixed-bed reactors working with catalyst particles of submicrometric size. Methanol conversion and selectivity to DME and light hydrocarbons could be finely controlled, for a given set reaction conditions, by tuning the zeolite loading in the structured catalyst. Apparent kinetic parameters for the selective methanol dehydration to DME were calculated assuming a reversible second order rate expression and an activation energy of 75 kJ/mol was obtained.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128742040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the importance of relying on renewable energy sources, oil-producing countries, especially Iran, encounter numerous risks associated with the generation of such energy sources. The present study investigated the risks in renewable energy in Iran. As the first investigation addressing this problem in Iran, the study methodologically improved the probability-impact matrix by employing multi-criteria decision-making (MDCM) methods and using interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The results showed that most important macro-level risks facing Iran’s renewable energy generation were “inflation and price fluctuations”, “corruption”, “complex licensing procedures”, “research and development and the capacity of domestic technology”, “sanctions”, “exchange rate fluctuations”, and “property rights and contractual risks.” Following these macro-level risks, there were important specific risks both in the general field of energy and renewable energy including “geographical risks”, “non-renewable energy prices”, “electricity prices”, “a lack of a coherent renewable energy policy”, “the impact of climate change on revenue rates”, and “financial risks.” To respond to such risks, it would be necessary to formulate coherent and integrated policies.
{"title":"Investigating Risks in Renewable Energy in Oil-Producing Countries Through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods Based on Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets: A Case Study of Iran","authors":"R. Shahnazi, M. Alimohammadlou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940146","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the importance of relying on renewable energy sources, oil-producing countries, especially Iran, encounter numerous risks associated with the generation of such energy sources. The present study investigated the risks in renewable energy in Iran. As the first investigation addressing this problem in Iran, the study methodologically improved the probability-impact matrix by employing multi-criteria decision-making (MDCM) methods and using interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The results showed that most important macro-level risks facing Iran’s renewable energy generation were “inflation and price fluctuations”, “corruption”, “complex licensing procedures”, “research and development and the capacity of domestic technology”, “sanctions”, “exchange rate fluctuations”, and “property rights and contractual risks.” Following these macro-level risks, there were important specific risks both in the general field of energy and renewable energy including “geographical risks”, “non-renewable energy prices”, “electricity prices”, “a lack of a coherent renewable energy policy”, “the impact of climate change on revenue rates”, and “financial risks.” To respond to such risks, it would be necessary to formulate coherent and integrated policies.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122369386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective short-term wind power prediction is crucial to the optimal dispatching, stability, and operation cost control of a power system. In order to deal with the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of wind power timing series signals, a hybrid forecasting model is proposed, based on Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)- Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM), to predict short-term wind power. Firstly, the non-stationary wind power time series is decomposed into a series of relatively stationary components by CEEMD. Then, the components are used as the training set for the KELM prediction model, in which the initial values and thresholds are optimized by WOA. Finally, the predicted output values of each component are superimposed, to obtain the final prediction of the wind power values. The experimental results show that the proposed prediction method can reduce the complexity of the prediction with a small reconstruction error. Furthermore, performance is greater, in terms of prediction accuracy and stability, with lower computational cost than other benchmark models.
{"title":"A Short-Term Wind Powerprediction Model Based on CEEMD and WOA-KELM","authors":"Yunfei Ding, Zijun Chen, Hongwei Zhang, Xin Wang, Yingzhuang Guo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3915521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3915521","url":null,"abstract":"Effective short-term wind power prediction is crucial to the optimal dispatching, stability, and operation cost control of a power system. In order to deal with the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of wind power timing series signals, a hybrid forecasting model is proposed, based on Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)- Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM), to predict short-term wind power. Firstly, the non-stationary wind power time series is decomposed into a series of relatively stationary components by CEEMD. Then, the components are used as the training set for the KELM prediction model, in which the initial values and thresholds are optimized by WOA. Finally, the predicted output values of each component are superimposed, to obtain the final prediction of the wind power values. The experimental results show that the proposed prediction method can reduce the complexity of the prediction with a small reconstruction error. Furthermore, performance is greater, in terms of prediction accuracy and stability, with lower computational cost than other benchmark models.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130065087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hourly price of the Brazilian electricity market came into operation in 2021, changing the previous pricing policy that worked in a weekly basis. The impact that this change has on wind and solar generators' business may be a cause for attention, since in an hourly price scenario with collateral and daily financial settlements, wind and solar power generators may be subject to a large financial exposure into the short-term market. Thus, the present article has as its main goal the evaluation of the impact caused on the intrinsic value of wind and solar power projects with the adoption of the new hourly pricing policy in the electricity sector compared to the old weekly pricing policy. To this end, a financial economic model was developed for generic and hypothetical wind and solar farms in the Brazilian electricity sector to find its fair value operating under two different pricing scenarios. The value of these farms was also sensitized through Monte Carlo simulations, after assigning probability distributions for certain model inputs.
{"title":"The Impact of Hourly Pricing for Renewable Generation Projects in Brazil","authors":"Isabella Marchetti, E. E. Rego","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940148","url":null,"abstract":"The hourly price of the Brazilian electricity market came into operation in 2021, changing the previous pricing policy that worked in a weekly basis. The impact that this change has on wind and solar generators' business may be a cause for attention, since in an hourly price scenario with collateral and daily financial settlements, wind and solar power generators may be subject to a large financial exposure into the short-term market. Thus, the present article has as its main goal the evaluation of the impact caused on the intrinsic value of wind and solar power projects with the adoption of the new hourly pricing policy in the electricity sector compared to the old weekly pricing policy. To this end, a financial economic model was developed for generic and hypothetical wind and solar farms in the Brazilian electricity sector to find its fair value operating under two different pricing scenarios. The value of these farms was also sensitized through Monte Carlo simulations, after assigning probability distributions for certain model inputs.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117011456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuan Kou, Jingchun Feng, Xiaosen Li, Yi Wang, Zhaoyang Chen
Visual evidences to understand the interactions between hydrate decomposition and heat/mass transfer are currently lacking. This study proceeds from the hydrate morphology to visualize the interactions between depressurization-induced hydrate decomposition and heat/mass transfer from different scales. Reactor-scale hydrate distribution evolution shows that the dominant influencing factor of hydrate decomposition transforms from heat transfer to mass transfer. More importantly, pore-scale visual evidences suggest that the mass transfer of gas shows significant effects on hydrate morphology evolution. Specifically, the limited gas diffusion in liquid phase could lead to the hydrate morphology evolution from patchy pore-filling to “grain-bridging” during hydrate decomposition. The combination of grain-bridging hydrate together with the water layer that wraps the hydrate is termed as “hydrate bridge” in this work. It is also worth noting that the grain-bridging hydrate could accelerate fluid flow in pores according to our seepage simulation results. These findings may have solved the long-standing problem of the abnormal changing trend of physical properties with the decrease in hydrate saturation during hydrate decomposition by providing direct experimental evidences. Since physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments play important roles in hydrate decomposition, the hydrate morphology evolution characteristics analyzed here are valuable for hydrate exploitation in field tests.
{"title":"Visualization of Interactions between Depressurization-Induced Hydrate Decomposition and Heat/Mass Transfer","authors":"Xuan Kou, Jingchun Feng, Xiaosen Li, Yi Wang, Zhaoyang Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3888185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3888185","url":null,"abstract":"Visual evidences to understand the interactions between hydrate decomposition and heat/mass transfer are currently lacking. This study proceeds from the hydrate morphology to visualize the interactions between depressurization-induced hydrate decomposition and heat/mass transfer from different scales. Reactor-scale hydrate distribution evolution shows that the dominant influencing factor of hydrate decomposition transforms from heat transfer to mass transfer. More importantly, pore-scale visual evidences suggest that the mass transfer of gas shows significant effects on hydrate morphology evolution. Specifically, the limited gas diffusion in liquid phase could lead to the hydrate morphology evolution from patchy pore-filling to “grain-bridging” during hydrate decomposition. The combination of grain-bridging hydrate together with the water layer that wraps the hydrate is termed as “hydrate bridge” in this work. It is also worth noting that the grain-bridging hydrate could accelerate fluid flow in pores according to our seepage simulation results. These findings may have solved the long-standing problem of the abnormal changing trend of physical properties with the decrease in hydrate saturation during hydrate decomposition by providing direct experimental evidences. Since physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments play important roles in hydrate decomposition, the hydrate morphology evolution characteristics analyzed here are valuable for hydrate exploitation in field tests.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study addresses the first steps of development and validation of a coupled Finite Volume-Blade Element Model (FV-BEM) simulation tool dedicated to offshore wind turbine farm modeling. The fluid domain is solved using the incompressible formulation of the CFD solver Grid-flow. The turbines are taken into account using FAST (from NREL) and their effects are imposed into the fluid domain through an actuator line model (ALM) for which specific enhancements are proposed. The Grid-flow solver and its two-way coupling with the aero-elastic modules from FAST is introduced and detailed. The simulation of the case of two in-line wind turbines using the FV-BEM coupling proposed is presented, together with comparisons against experimental results for validation purposes. Finally, a discussion on performances, advantages and limitations of the formulation proposed is provided.
{"title":"Simulation of Two In-Line Wind Turbines Using an Incompressible Finite Volume Solver Coupled with a Blade Element Model","authors":"B. Elie, G. Oger, L. Vittoz, D. Le Touzé","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3887455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3887455","url":null,"abstract":"The present study addresses the first steps of development and validation of a coupled Finite Volume-Blade Element Model (FV-BEM) simulation tool dedicated to offshore wind turbine farm modeling. The fluid domain is solved using the incompressible formulation of the CFD solver Grid-flow. The turbines are taken into account using FAST (from NREL) and their effects are imposed into the fluid domain through an actuator line model (ALM) for which specific enhancements are proposed. The Grid-flow solver and its two-way coupling with the aero-elastic modules from FAST is introduced and detailed. The simulation of the case of two in-line wind turbines using the FV-BEM coupling proposed is presented, together with comparisons against experimental results for validation purposes. Finally, a discussion on performances, advantages and limitations of the formulation proposed is provided.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133709013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anaerobic digestion of pharmaceutical wastewater is challenged by its contained toxic compounds which limits the stability and efficiency of methane production and organic degradation. In this study, zero valent iron (ZVI) and granular activated carbon (GAC) were added with different strategies to improve anaerobic digestion of pharmaceutical wastewater. The results confirmed synergy effects of ZVI+GAC for both COD removal (increased by 13.4%) and methane production (increased by 11.0%). Furthermore, ZVI+GAC improved the removal of pharmaceutical intermediates, in particular, the residues (%) of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) were only 30.48 ± 6.53 and 39.92 ± 4.50, and effectively reduced biotoxicity. The promoted results were attributed to the establishment of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). Microbial community analysis revealed that ZVI+GAC decreased species evenness and richness in bacterial whereas increased in archaeal. The relative abundance of acetotrophic methanogens decreased but hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens increased, which broadening the pathway of methane production.
{"title":"Enhancing Anaerobic Digestion of Pharmaceutical Industries Wastewater with the Composite Addition of Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)","authors":"Chenbo Dai, Libin Yang, Jun Wang, Dezhen Li, Yalei Zhang, Xuefei Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3949242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3949242","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic digestion of pharmaceutical wastewater is challenged by its contained toxic compounds which limits the stability and efficiency of methane production and organic degradation. In this study, zero valent iron (ZVI) and granular activated carbon (GAC) were added with different strategies to improve anaerobic digestion of pharmaceutical wastewater. The results confirmed synergy effects of ZVI+GAC for both COD removal (increased by 13.4%) and methane production (increased by 11.0%). Furthermore, ZVI+GAC improved the removal of pharmaceutical intermediates, in particular, the residues (%) of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) were only 30.48 ± 6.53 and 39.92 ± 4.50, and effectively reduced biotoxicity. The promoted results were attributed to the establishment of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). Microbial community analysis revealed that ZVI+GAC decreased species evenness and richness in bacterial whereas increased in archaeal. The relative abundance of acetotrophic methanogens decreased but hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens increased, which broadening the pathway of methane production.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131263747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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