Kang Yang, Junping Zhou, Xuefu Xian, Lei Zhou, Chengpeng Zhang, S. Tian, Zhaohui Lu, Fengshou Zhang
The permeability of shale reservoir rock and caprock is the key parameters influencing the shale gas production and the storage security of CO2. In this study, the ScCO2-water exposure induced chemical-mechanical coupling effects on the permeability of shale was analyzed by a systematic research, including mineralogical analysis, pore structure analysis, uniaxial compression and permeability test at different stress and injection pressure of shale before and after ScCO2-water exposure. After ScCO2-water exposure, the pore volume and average pore size of shale increased, and the initial permeability of shale increased. At the stressed condition, the porosity and permeability of CO2-water treated shale sample is lower than the untreated shale sample. The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of shale were decreased after ScCO2-water exposure. The shale permeability was increased with the increase of injection pressure, and decreased with the increase of confining stress. The stress sensitivity of permeability in shale is stress-dependent, a higher effective stress corresponding to a lower stress sensitivity of permeability. The damage in the permeability (Δkd) of shale caused by the ScCO2-water exposure is also depending on the confining stress and injection pressure, at a higher effective stress condition, the damage in the permeability of shale is more significant.
{"title":"Chemical-Mechanical Coupling Effects on the Permeability of Shale Subjected to Supercritical CO 2-Water Exposure","authors":"Kang Yang, Junping Zhou, Xuefu Xian, Lei Zhou, Chengpeng Zhang, S. Tian, Zhaohui Lu, Fengshou Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3934204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3934204","url":null,"abstract":"The permeability of shale reservoir rock and caprock is the key parameters influencing the shale gas production and the storage security of CO2. In this study, the ScCO2-water exposure induced chemical-mechanical coupling effects on the permeability of shale was analyzed by a systematic research, including mineralogical analysis, pore structure analysis, uniaxial compression and permeability test at different stress and injection pressure of shale before and after ScCO2-water exposure. After ScCO2-water exposure, the pore volume and average pore size of shale increased, and the initial permeability of shale increased. At the stressed condition, the porosity and permeability of CO2-water treated shale sample is lower than the untreated shale sample. The uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of shale were decreased after ScCO2-water exposure. The shale permeability was increased with the increase of injection pressure, and decreased with the increase of confining stress. The stress sensitivity of permeability in shale is stress-dependent, a higher effective stress corresponding to a lower stress sensitivity of permeability. The damage in the permeability (Δkd) of shale caused by the ScCO2-water exposure is also depending on the confining stress and injection pressure, at a higher effective stress condition, the damage in the permeability of shale is more significant.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122866698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandylove Afrane, J. D. Ampah, Abdulfatah Abdul Yusuf, Emmanuel Aboagye Mensah, Joseph Bioh Oti, Dennis Asante, Dennis Ampah Dankwa
With the prevailing power crisis, the Ghana government has become very interested in introducing renewable energy sources into the current power mix as a sustainable means of electrification across the country. The current study adopts Fuzzy TOPSIS approach based on experts’ decision of technical (efficiency, reliability, installed capacity, and technology maturity), economic (initial investment cost, operating and maintenance cost, and feed-in tariff), environmental (greenhouse gas emissions and land requirement), and social (job creation and social acceptance) criteria assessment to create a decision-making framework for the selection of renewable energy sources for Ghana's electrical power generation. The current study shows that hydro electricity remains the most feasible energy resource to meet Ghana's energy demand, followed by solar, wind, and biomass, with closeness coefficient of 0.77, 0.34, 0.22, and 0.09, respectively. However, hybrid power generation from two or more energy resources will further make renewable energy power generation attractive and competitive against the existing thermal power plants, whose share in the current energy mix stands at 69%. The results of the sensitivity analysis demonstrate a high level of stability and coherence with the decision-makers' judgment. The current study, therefore, offers a basis for prioritizing various renewable energy resources for electrification in Ghana.
{"title":"Prioritizing Renewable Energy Sources for Electrification in Ghana: A Decision Support Framework Using Fuzzy Theory","authors":"Sandylove Afrane, J. D. Ampah, Abdulfatah Abdul Yusuf, Emmanuel Aboagye Mensah, Joseph Bioh Oti, Dennis Asante, Dennis Ampah Dankwa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3941689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3941689","url":null,"abstract":"With the prevailing power crisis, the Ghana government has become very interested in introducing renewable energy sources into the current power mix as a sustainable means of electrification across the country. The current study adopts Fuzzy TOPSIS approach based on experts’ decision of technical (efficiency, reliability, installed capacity, and technology maturity), economic (initial investment cost, operating and maintenance cost, and feed-in tariff), environmental (greenhouse gas emissions and land requirement), and social (job creation and social acceptance) criteria assessment to create a decision-making framework for the selection of renewable energy sources for Ghana's electrical power generation. The current study shows that hydro electricity remains the most feasible energy resource to meet Ghana's energy demand, followed by solar, wind, and biomass, with closeness coefficient of 0.77, 0.34, 0.22, and 0.09, respectively. However, hybrid power generation from two or more energy resources will further make renewable energy power generation attractive and competitive against the existing thermal power plants, whose share in the current energy mix stands at 69%. The results of the sensitivity analysis demonstrate a high level of stability and coherence with the decision-makers' judgment. The current study, therefore, offers a basis for prioritizing various renewable energy resources for electrification in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126912469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Choudhary, A. Sachdeva, Vikas Jaiswal, M. N. Qureshi
Keeping the view of higher outlet temperature, the present study assessed the performance of ZnO and MgO nanofluid-based flat plate solar collector at the low volumetric flow rate, i.e., 30 L/h. As a critical finding, it is not urged to use the nanofluid-based collector at location and times of lower solar fluxes due to low percentage enhancement in thermal efficiency. The thermal efficiency was about 67.98% and 65.22% for 1 vol% ZnO and 0.2 vol% MgO, respectively, almost 20.57% and 16.53% more than ethylene glycol:distilled water. For respective nanofluids, the heat absorption parameter intensified by 20.48% and 17.12%. In comparison to electric heating, the payback period at the optimum concentrations of ZnO and MgO nanofluid-based flat plate solar collector was approximately 2.97 and 3.69 years, respectively. Regarding present worth, the cost savings in a life span of fifteen years was approximately ₹ 1,43,732 and ₹ 1,37,803 for 1 vol% ZnO and 0.2 vol% MgO, respectively. Such gains could be extortionate with a large effective area of collectors. The 1 vol% ZnO at 30 L/h ought the shortest payback period and highest cost-saving, hence, profoundly commended in the flat plate solar collector instead of the base fluid.
{"title":"Thermal Performance and Economic Analysis of MgO and ZnI Nanofluid Based Flat Plate Solar Collector","authors":"S. Choudhary, A. Sachdeva, Vikas Jaiswal, M. N. Qureshi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3947581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3947581","url":null,"abstract":"Keeping the view of higher outlet temperature, the present study assessed the performance of ZnO and MgO nanofluid-based flat plate solar collector at the low volumetric flow rate, i.e., 30 L/h. As a critical finding, it is not urged to use the nanofluid-based collector at location and times of lower solar fluxes due to low percentage enhancement in thermal efficiency. The thermal efficiency was about 67.98% and 65.22% for 1 vol% ZnO and 0.2 vol% MgO, respectively, almost 20.57% and 16.53% more than ethylene glycol:distilled water. For respective nanofluids, the heat absorption parameter intensified by 20.48% and 17.12%. In comparison to electric heating, the payback period at the optimum concentrations of ZnO and MgO nanofluid-based flat plate solar collector was approximately 2.97 and 3.69 years, respectively. Regarding present worth, the cost savings in a life span of fifteen years was approximately ₹ 1,43,732 and ₹ 1,37,803 for 1 vol% ZnO and 0.2 vol% MgO, respectively. Such gains could be extortionate with a large effective area of collectors. The 1 vol% ZnO at 30 L/h ought the shortest payback period and highest cost-saving, hence, profoundly commended in the flat plate solar collector instead of the base fluid.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127877259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Li, Guangwei Wang, Heng Zhou, X. Ning, Cuiliu Zhang
To solve the energy crisis and slow down the greenhouse effect, it is urgent to find alternative energy sources for the iron and steel production process, hydrochar is an auxiliary fuel and only renewable carbon source that could reduce the injection of bituminous coal into the blast furnace. Numerical simulation is an effective method of understanding the combustion performance in the lower part of the blast furnace, A 3D blowpipe-tuyere-raceway model was established using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to study the interaction mechanism and influence of combustion performance between pulverized coal and hydrochar. The results showed that co-injection of anthracite and hydrochar has a better combustion performance than co-injection of anthracite and bituminous coal, with a more appropriate distribution of temperature, velocity, and gas phase, as the co-injection of hydrochar, the average burnout rate and anthracite burnout rate increased respectively by 6% and 2.1%, which is caused by the interaction mechanism between anthracite and hydrochar. As a result, hydrochar as an auxiliary fuel for blast furnace injection can not only achieve low-carbon production and cut down carbon emission but also promote the combustion process of pulverized coal.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation Study on the Interaction Mechanism and Effects on Co-Injection of Pulverized Coal and Hydrochar in the Raceway of Blast Furnace","authors":"Tao Li, Guangwei Wang, Heng Zhou, X. Ning, Cuiliu Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3948437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3948437","url":null,"abstract":"To solve the energy crisis and slow down the greenhouse effect, it is urgent to find alternative energy sources for the iron and steel production process, hydrochar is an auxiliary fuel and only renewable carbon source that could reduce the injection of bituminous coal into the blast furnace. Numerical simulation is an effective method of understanding the combustion performance in the lower part of the blast furnace, A 3D blowpipe-tuyere-raceway model was established using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to study the interaction mechanism and influence of combustion performance between pulverized coal and hydrochar. The results showed that co-injection of anthracite and hydrochar has a better combustion performance than co-injection of anthracite and bituminous coal, with a more appropriate distribution of temperature, velocity, and gas phase, as the co-injection of hydrochar, the average burnout rate and anthracite burnout rate increased respectively by 6% and 2.1%, which is caused by the interaction mechanism between anthracite and hydrochar. As a result, hydrochar as an auxiliary fuel for blast furnace injection can not only achieve low-carbon production and cut down carbon emission but also promote the combustion process of pulverized coal.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130145944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, the increase in energy needs combined with climate change issues has enabled more efficient use of energy resources and the accelerated adoption of renewable energy resources. In addition, CO 2 emission is reducing, and air quality is improving with the integration of solar energy where PV panels play a key role for electricity generation. It is known that increased temperature of the PVs adversely affects both the panel lifetime and electrical conversion efficiency. In this study, SunPower C60 Solar Cells are laminated using polymer matrix composite (PMC) materials with and without a cooling structure to evacuate the heat. Next, mathematical modelling and simulation have been performed using the ANSYS-FLUENT for the proposed designs configuration tool. Alternative thermal conversions of the PVs have been investigated. Experiments have been carried out on solar panels located on the roof of the workshop of the Solaris Solar Car Team. A comparison between experimental and theoretical results is addressed followed by the conclusion. Results of this research show that the designed system increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic cells during operation.
{"title":"A Novel Design of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminated Photovoltaic/Thermal System","authors":"T. Korkut, Aytaç Gören, M. A. Ezan, A. Rachid","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927617","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the increase in energy needs combined with climate change issues has enabled more efficient use of energy resources and the accelerated adoption of renewable energy resources. In addition, CO 2 emission is reducing, and air quality is improving with the integration of solar energy where PV panels play a key role for electricity generation. It is known that increased temperature of the PVs adversely affects both the panel lifetime and electrical conversion efficiency. In this study, SunPower C60 Solar Cells are laminated using polymer matrix composite (PMC) materials with and without a cooling structure to evacuate the heat. Next, mathematical modelling and simulation have been performed using the ANSYS-FLUENT for the proposed designs configuration tool. Alternative thermal conversions of the PVs have been investigated. Experiments have been carried out on solar panels located on the roof of the workshop of the Solaris Solar Car Team. A comparison between experimental and theoretical results is addressed followed by the conclusion. Results of this research show that the designed system increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic cells during operation.","PeriodicalId":163818,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN EM Feeds","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126980459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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