Journal of microencapsulation最新文献

Construct a Her-2 nanobody modified nanoplatform as a versatile carrier of cisplatin and evaluate its anti-tumour effects. Size, morphology, cellular uptake, in vitro release, cell viability, bio-distribution and antitumor efficacy were respectively measured by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, HPLC, MTT assay, ICP-Mass and tumour volume. Nb-CDDP NPs was prepared with average diameter 60.4 ± 8.4 nm, PDI 0.2 ± 0.02, Zeta potential -35.74 mV, entrapment efficiency 89.5%±0.8% and drug loading 28.7%±1.3% (w/w). From which cisplatin could release more rapidly in acidic solution. NPs could be easily phagocytised and exhibited stronger cytotoxic effect in HCT-116 cells with IC₅₀ 1.46 ± 0.019 μg/mL. The concentration of Nb-CDDP NPs in tumour and its inhibition ratio on tumour volume were both higher than without Nb modification, with hardly any influence on body weight. This cisplatin nanoplatform exhibits exceptional properties and high targeting anti-tumour efficacy in colon cancer cells and mice, which maybe provide a promising strategy for precise chemotherapy.

A novel combination delivery approach entrapping Sorafenib inside a nanoliposome bilayer and Doxorubicin within the aqueous core to achieve the broad-spectrum synergistic chemotherapeutic effect. DOX-SOR liposomes were synthesized by thin film hydration and characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, Fluorescence, and Scanning Electron Microscopy, followed by cytotoxicity assessments. Nanoliposomes demonstrated effective loading and encapsulation of Doxorubicin (10.23% ± 0.65 and 89.65% ± 0.52) and Sorafenib (10.42% ± 0.50 and 85.35% ± 0.72) with a 165 nm ± 1.34 mean diameter, -15.2 ± 1.78 zeta potential, and 75% ± 1.92 of cumulative release. In vitro analysis of nanoliposomes demonstrated biocompatibility up to 250 µg/mL concentration (p < 0.05), enhanced intracellular localization in Hep2c cell lines, 91% ± 1.72 cytotoxic effects (p < 0.0001) with IC₅₀ up to 127µg/mL, 21% ± 0.89 cell viability with 85% apoptosis (p < 0.0001) using flow cytometer. This study presents a promising treatment approach using a multidrug-loaded nanoliposomes for broad-spectrum synergistic chemotherapy.

Aim: This study investigates a novel treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pathogenic bacterial strains.

Methods: The Cur/Chx/Au composite matrix was synthesised in one pot by solution reduction and examined for functional groups and surface morphology by FT-IR, UV-DRS, HR-TEM, and TGA. In vitro, microbial growth inhibition evaluation and pathogen biofilm studies assessed the composite's antibacterial capacity.

Results: Cur/Chx/Au exhibit mean diameter from 30 ± 5.2 nm, PDI 0.50 ± 0.05, and a zeta potential of -9.56 ± 1.84. The inhibition zones for S. aureus and E. coli were 16 ± 1.2 mm and 14 ± 0.8 mm, respectively, with an anti-inflammatory inhibition rate of 89.96%. The composite material's biocompatibility was further tested utilising in-vitro MTT, cell proliferation, and wound scratch assays in NHI 3T3 cells.

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the combination of Cur/Chx/Au composite matrix is a promising formulation for UTI treatment.

Aim: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural nanovesicles for drug delivery. This study isolated and characterised EVs from medicinal plants as delivery vehicles.

Methods: Precipitation method was employed for the isolation and characterised using DLS, SEM, and TEM. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and antioxidant activity of ascorbic acid (AA)-EVs were evaluated.

Results: The total yields of lyophilised vesicles per weight of the sample were 6.0, 8.6 and 9.2 mg/g for garlic, turmeric and ginger, respectively. Mean size of garlic-derived EVs, ginger-derived EVs, and turmeric-derived EVs were 101.0 ± 6.7, 226.4 ± 62.2 and 90.7 ± 2.5 nm, respectively. The zeta potential of the EVs was between -33.2 ± 10.9 and -28.8 ± 8.43 mV. Spherical morphology of the nanovesicles was confirmed by SEM and TEM. The EE of the EVs was between 78.1 ± 2.8% and 87.2 ± 1.4%.

Conclusion: Overall, the antioxidant activity of AA-loaded EVs was better compared to free AA. This study provides evidence that these medicinal plants are rich sources for developing nanotherapeutics.

This study aimed to encapsulate an anti-VEGF nanobody (Nb) within niosome nanoparticles (NNPs) to enhance its circulation half life. Key parameters such as encapsulation efficiency, stability, Nb release, cytotoxicity, and cell migration inhibition in HUVEC cells were evaluated, along with pharmacokinetic studies in mice. Nb-loaded NNPs (Nb-NNPs) were successfully prepared with an encapsulation efficiency of 78.3 ± 3.2% and demonstrated stability over one month. In vitro assays revealed that Nb-NNPs enhanced cytotoxicity and significantly reduced cell migration in HUVEC cells compared to free Nb (P < 0.05). Pharmacokinetic studies in mice demonstrated a dramatically reduced elimination rate constant (0.025 h^-1 vs. 0.843 h^-1) and an extended terminal half life (27.721 h vs. 0.822 h), indicating slower clearance and prolonged systemic presence. In conclusion, these findings underscore the potential of Nb-NNPs to provide sustained and potent therapeutic effects, contributing valuable insights for advancing targeted therapeutic strategies.

This study aimed to develop silver nanoparticles embedded in poly(ricinoleic acid)-poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(ethylene glycol) (AgNPsPRici-PMMA-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs) containing caffeic acid (Caff) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) for treating infections and cancer in bone defects. The block copolymers were synthesised via free radical polymerisation. NPs were prepared using the solvent evaporation method and characterised by FTIR, HNMR, SEM, DSC, TGA, and DLS. Drug loading (LE), encapsulation efficiency (EE), antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and in vitro release studies were conducted. The NPs exhibited a size of 198 ± 2.89 nm, a narrow size distribution (PDI < 0.1), and a zeta potential of -27.5 ± 0.13 mV. The EE of Caff were 73 ± 0.09% w/w and 78 ± 0.32% w/w. Caff NPs showed prolonged release (69 ± 0.23% w/w), cytotoxicity with the cell viability of 66.85 ± 10.51% in SaOS cells, and antimicrobial zones ranging from 1.5 ± 0.3 to 4.2 ± 0.2 mm. TCH-Caff-AgNPsPRici-PMMA-PEG NPs exhibited promising therapeutic potential for infection and cancer treatment in bone defects.

The aim of study was to prepared and evaluated rutin-loaded solid-lipid-nanoparticles (Ru-SLNs) gel for treatment of melanoma cells. SLNs were prepared by ultrasonication method through optimisation and evaluated their mean-diameter, PDI, zeta-potential, morphology, entrapment-efficiency, drug-loading, interaction by FTIR, in vitro skin permeation, stability, antioxidant/MTT assay and fluorescence microscopic. Further developed Ru-SLNs was incorporated into gel and characterised their physicochemical properties, drug contents, in vitro diffusion, ex vivo permeation and retention studies in human cadaver skin. Optimised Ru-SLNs batch showed 556.4 ± 2.6 nm mean-diameter, -21.9 mV zeta-potential, 94.8 ± 04% entrapment-efficiency, 62.3 ± 29% loading, and 86.63% release after 6 hrs. MTT assay showed, Ru-SLNs have 15.37 times more effectiveness against melanoma cells, while fluorescence microscopy confirmed the cellular uptake over time. Gel based Ru-SLNs, have reduction in flux across skin, indicating a sustained release of rutin and higher retention within the deeper epidermis layer. Finally, Ru-SLNs based gel exhibited promising potential and effectively targeting to skin's epidermal layer for melanoma cells.

This study evaluated albendazole (ABZ) nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. ABZ-NLCs were prepared using emulsification-ultrasonication and optimised using a Box-Behnken design. Independent variables-lipids concentration (X₁), surfactant concentration (X₂), and sonication duration (X₃)-were assessed for their effect on mean diameter (Y₁), PDI (Y₂), and entrapment efficiency (Y₃). The optimised formulation exhibited a mean diameter of 166.13 ± 3.72 nm, a PDI of 0.17 ± 0.01, a zeta potential of -39.86 ± 1.84 mV, an entrapment efficiency of 94.25 ± 6.12%, and a loading capacity of 99.93 ± 7.15 mg/g. Following chitosan coating (ABZ-CS-NLCs), all parameters were maintained, and the zeta potential developed to +24.61 ± 1.32 mV, improving cellular interaction. The cytotoxicity assays revealed that ABZ-CS-NLCs were more effective than uncoated NLCs and free ABZ, with an IC50 value of 8.89 μM in HepG2 cells. Overall, ABZ-CS-NLCs demonstrate a promising and effective delivery platform for targeted hepatic cancer therapy.

This study aims to develop and evaluate flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles to achieve sustained drug release, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and minimising dosing frequency for improved patient outcomes. Flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using a tubular microreactor and spray drying, optimised via Box-Behnken Design. Characterisation included particle size, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro and in vivo drug release, and techniques like FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM. Statistical analysis ensured robust formulation optimisation and evaluation of performance. The optimised batch of flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles was characterised for mean diameter, PDI, zeta potential, drug release, and EE% were found to be 306.1 ± 6.00 nm, 0.184 ± 0.02 Mw, -23.6 ± 1.51 mV, 85.46 ± 0.53% and 92.31 ± 0.84 (% w/w) respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis further confirmed the sustained release, extending up to 12 hours and enhancing permeation compared to the pure flurbiprofen. Sustained release of flurbiprofen-loaded polymeric nanoparticles significantly enhances therapeutic effectiveness for inflammatory conditions.

Carotenoids are compounds sensitive to environmental factors such as light, heat, and oxygen, which can result in the loss of their properties due to isomerisation and oxidation. To overcome this problem, spray drying encapsulation has been widely used as a method to protect and stabilise carotenoids in different wall materials. This article summarises the findings and research on spray drying encapsulation of carotenoids over the past 15 years, with an emphasis on the importance of controlling the operational conditions of the drying process and the association of different wall materials (proteins and polysaccharides), promising to increase encapsulation efficiency and stabilise carotenoids, with perspectives and trends in applications. The use of spray drying for carotenoid microencapsulation can open up new opportunities for controlled delivery of beneficial compounds. Based on the study, it is expected to provide information for researchers, professionals, and companies interested in the development of functional food products.