Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145125
Gizem Halitoğulları , İlker Köprü , Sinan Köse , Fatma Ulusal , Salih Hakan Yetgin
The development of high-performance filled rubber composites has opened a new era in industrial polymer research. In this study, the effects of glass fiber (CE) on the rheological behavior, crosslink density, mechanical performance, thermal characteristics, and morphology of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber composites were investigated. EPDM composites filled with CE at loadings of 11, 22, 54, 90, and 145 phr were prepared using a laboratory-type Banbury mixer and subsequently vulcanized by compression molding to obtain test specimens. It was observed that the CE was homogeneously distributed in the EPDM rubber. The tensile modulus increased by 19.7% with increasing CE content. The tensile strength reached a maximum value of 12.1 MPa at 22 phr CE content, after which a decline was observed. The addition of CE to the EPDM rubber led to an increase in both minimum torque (ML) and maximum torque (MH) values while reducing the scorch time (ts2) and curing time (t90). Furthermore, the crosslink density increased by 429% with the addition of CE. As a result of the study, it is evaluated that CE can be an alternative material for the production of EPDM composites with high temperature resistance and improved mechanical and physical properties.
{"title":"Effect of glass fiber on rheological, thermal and mechanical properties of EPDM composites","authors":"Gizem Halitoğulları , İlker Köprü , Sinan Köse , Fatma Ulusal , Salih Hakan Yetgin","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-performance filled rubber composites has opened a new era in industrial polymer research. In this study, the effects of glass fiber (CE) on the rheological behavior, crosslink density, mechanical performance, thermal characteristics, and morphology of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber composites were investigated. EPDM composites filled with CE at loadings of 11, 22, 54, 90, and 145 phr were prepared using a laboratory-type Banbury mixer and subsequently vulcanized by compression molding to obtain test specimens. It was observed that the CE was homogeneously distributed in the EPDM rubber. The tensile modulus increased by 19.7% with increasing CE content. The tensile strength reached a maximum value of 12.1 MPa at 22 phr CE content, after which a decline was observed. The addition of CE to the EPDM rubber led to an increase in both minimum torque (ML) and maximum torque (MH) values while reducing the scorch time (t<sub>s2</sub>) and curing time (t<sub>90</sub>). Furthermore, the crosslink density increased by 429% with the addition of CE. As a result of the study, it is evaluated that CE can be an alternative material for the production of EPDM composites with high temperature resistance and improved mechanical and physical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145122
Vilas Gulabrao Sisode , Abhijit Shinde , Kalyani D. Asgaonkar , Shital M. Patil , Nitin S. Pagar , Pravin C. Mhaske
The increase in microbial resistance is a crucial challenge to global health. The uncontrolled misuse of antibiotics is a significant contributor to drug resistance, underscoring the urgent need to develop new and effective anti-infective agents to combat microbial infections. In this work, the synthesis of1-(2-aryl-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)-2-(1-(4-substituted benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethanol 7a–t derivatives have been reported. The compounds 7a-t were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The synthesized 1,2,3-triazolyl-thiazolyl-ethanol derivatives (7a–t) were screened in vitro for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis, S. albus, C. albicans, A. niger, and Fu. spp Amongst the compounds 7a-t, eight compounds exhibited good antimicrobial activity against three or more microbial strains. Against C. albicans, compounds 7a, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7h, 7j, 7l, 7o, and 7q exhibited good activity. In the case of A. niger, compounds 7a, 7b, 7c, 7g, 7k, 7l, 7m, 7n, 7o, 7p, 7q, 7r, 7s, and 7t demonstrated good activity. Notably, against A. niger, compound 7k exhibited activity comparable to fluconazole, while compounds 7o and 7t showed two-fold lower activity than the reference drug. Six compounds against E. coliand eight compounds against P. mirabilis showed good activity, indicating these compounds are also active against Gram-negative strains. Docking studies have confirmed the role of triazole and hydroxyl groups in antifungal activity.
{"title":"Unveiling antimicrobial potential of thiazolyl-1,2,3-triazolyl-ethanol derivatives: Synthesis and molecular docking studies","authors":"Vilas Gulabrao Sisode , Abhijit Shinde , Kalyani D. Asgaonkar , Shital M. Patil , Nitin S. Pagar , Pravin C. Mhaske","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in microbial resistance is a crucial challenge to global health. The uncontrolled misuse of antibiotics is a significant contributor to drug resistance, underscoring the urgent need to develop new and effective anti-infective agents to combat microbial infections. In this work, the synthesis of1-(2-aryl-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)-2-(1-(4-substituted benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethanol <strong>7a–t</strong> derivatives have been reported. The compounds <strong>7a-t</strong> were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The synthesized 1,2,3-triazolyl-thiazolyl-ethanol derivatives (<strong>7a–t</strong>) were screened <em>in vitro</em> for antimicrobial activity against <em>Escherichia coli, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis, S. albus, C. albicans, A. niger</em>, and <em>Fu. spp</em> Amongst the compounds <strong>7a-t</strong>, eight compounds exhibited good antimicrobial activity against three or more microbial strains. Against <em>C. albicans</em>, compounds <strong>7a, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7h, 7j, 7l, 7o</strong>, and <strong>7q</strong> exhibited good activity. In the case of <em>A. niger</em>, compounds <strong>7a, 7b, 7c, 7<em>g</em>, 7k, 7l, 7m, 7n, 7o, 7p, 7q, 7r, 7s</strong>, and <strong>7t</strong> demonstrated good activity. Notably, against <em>A. niger</em>, compound <strong>7k</strong> exhibited activity comparable to fluconazole, while compounds <strong>7o</strong> and <strong>7t</strong> showed two-fold lower activity than the reference drug. Six compounds against <em>E. coli</em>and eight compounds against <em>P. mirabilis</em> showed good activity, indicating these compounds are also active against Gram-negative strains. Docking studies have confirmed the role of triazole and hydroxyl groups in antifungal activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145104
Armağan Günsel , Bilge Karaca , Ahmet T. Bilgiçli , Burak Tüzün , Gulnur Arabaci , M. Nilüfer Yarasir , Mustafa Akin , Ozan Cobanoglu , Neslihan Saki
In this study, novel nickel (II) phthalocyanines bearing functional groups with different atoms such as fluorine, sulfur, and oxygen, connected by oxygen bridges at their peripheral positions, were synthesized and characterized. The singlet oxygen generation, antioxidant, antibacterial activities, and cytotoxicity of the phthalocyanines (1a-4a) were systematically evaluated. The synthesized phthalocyanines exhibited solvent-dependent singlet oxygen generation, highlighting their potential as photosensitizers and providing valuable insights into their photochemical properties. Among the molecules, (1a) showed the highest reducing power activity, while (3a) displayed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity. Importantly, none of the studied molecules demonstrated toxicity toward HEK-293 cells, and all synthesized molecules showed antibacteriel activity against S. aureus. Furthermore, Gaussian computational studies were performed at the B3LYP, HF, and M062X levels with the 6–31++g(d,p) basis set. Molecular docking analyses were also carried out against zinc superoxide dismutase protein (PDB ID: 1CB4), Human peroxiredoxin 5 protein (PDB ID: 1H2D), and FabH Inhibitors proteins (PDB ID: 4Z8D).
{"title":"Multifunctional nickel (II) phthalocyanines with oxygen-bridged substituents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and computational studies","authors":"Armağan Günsel , Bilge Karaca , Ahmet T. Bilgiçli , Burak Tüzün , Gulnur Arabaci , M. Nilüfer Yarasir , Mustafa Akin , Ozan Cobanoglu , Neslihan Saki","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, novel nickel (II) phthalocyanines bearing functional groups with different atoms such as fluorine, sulfur, and oxygen, connected by oxygen bridges at their peripheral positions, were synthesized and characterized. The singlet oxygen generation, antioxidant, antibacterial activities, and cytotoxicity of the phthalocyanines <strong>(1a-4a)</strong> were systematically evaluated. The synthesized phthalocyanines exhibited solvent-dependent singlet oxygen generation, highlighting their potential as photosensitizers and providing valuable insights into their photochemical properties. Among the molecules, <strong>(1a)</strong> showed the highest reducing power activity, while <strong>(3a)</strong> displayed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity. Importantly, none of the studied molecules demonstrated toxicity toward HEK-293 cells, and all synthesized molecules showed antibacteriel activity against <em>S. aureus</em>. Furthermore, Gaussian computational studies were performed at the B3LYP, HF, and M062X levels with the 6–31++<em>g</em>(d,p) basis set. Molecular docking analyses were also carried out against zinc superoxide dismutase protein (PDB ID: <span><span>1CB4</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), Human peroxiredoxin 5 protein (PDB ID: <span><span>1H2D</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), and FabH Inhibitors proteins (PDB ID: <span><span>4Z8D</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145111
Roudaina Elmidaoui , Meng-Xuan Dai , Xing-Da Bai , Ze Li , Xu Zhang , Yan-Xin Sun , Zhi-Long Zhao , Jin-Chuan Zhou , Lu Liu
This work demonstrates a supramolecular self-assembly strategy to stabilize 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, a commercially important yet physically unstable liquid flavorant, via solid-state co-crystallization with gallic acid. By applying crystal engineering principles, a novel multicomponent crystalline phase was designed and synthesized to overcome the inherent volatility and processing difficulties associated with neat 2,5-DMP. Structural elucidation via single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed a hydrogen-bonded framework sustained by cooperative O–H···N and O–H···O synthons, with additional stabilization from aromatic stacking interactions. Phase homogeneity and non-covalent bonding were corroborated by powder X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. Thermal characterization demonstrated a substantial elevation in the decomposition temperature relative to the parent compound, confirming enhanced thermal robustness. The resulting cocrystal exhibits a solid form at ambient conditions, offering significantly improved handling and stability. This study underscores the efficacy of cocrystallization as a means of modifying the physicochemical properties of liquid organoleptic compounds, providing a foundation for their integration into solid formulations within the food and fragrance industries.
{"title":"Solid-state stabilization of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine via cocrystallization with gallic acid: A cocrystal-based solid flavor with antioxidant properties","authors":"Roudaina Elmidaoui , Meng-Xuan Dai , Xing-Da Bai , Ze Li , Xu Zhang , Yan-Xin Sun , Zhi-Long Zhao , Jin-Chuan Zhou , Lu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work demonstrates a supramolecular self-assembly strategy to stabilize 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, a commercially important yet physically unstable liquid flavorant, via solid-state co-crystallization with gallic acid. By applying crystal engineering principles, a novel multicomponent crystalline phase was designed and synthesized to overcome the inherent volatility and processing difficulties associated with neat 2,5-DMP. Structural elucidation via single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed a hydrogen-bonded framework sustained by cooperative O–H···N and O–H···O synthons, with additional stabilization from aromatic stacking interactions. Phase homogeneity and non-covalent bonding were corroborated by powder X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. Thermal characterization demonstrated a substantial elevation in the decomposition temperature relative to the parent compound, confirming enhanced thermal robustness. The resulting cocrystal exhibits a solid form at ambient conditions, offering significantly improved handling and stability. This study underscores the efficacy of cocrystallization as a means of modifying the physicochemical properties of liquid organoleptic compounds, providing a foundation for their integration into solid formulations within the food and fragrance industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145106
Zahra Zare Josheghani, Leila Moradi
In this study, a novel, green, and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst - Phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) supported on graphitic carbon nitride nanorods (g-C₃N₄ NRs/Melamine/PMA)- was synthesized through a four-step process and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), elemental mapping, Thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The catalyst was then employed in a one-pot synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d:6,5-d']dipyrimidine derivatives via the condensation of barbituric acid (or N,N-dimethylbarbituric acid), 6-aminouracil, and aromatic aldehydes. Various products were obtained in high yields (80–97 %) within short reaction times (45–70 min ) and characterized by FT-IR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), and melting point analysis. This synthetic approach offers several advantages, including environmental friendliness, simple catalyst recovery, short reaction time, high yield, and low catalyst loading. The catalyst retained its activity after five consecutive cycles. Furthermore, molecular docking on the 5GJV protein and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out to evaluate the potential calcium channel inhibitory activity, indicating that compound 4a may serve as a promising candidate for developing new antihypertensive agents.
{"title":"Green synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d:5,6-d′]dipyrimidine derivatives using modified g-C3N4 nanorods and study on their biological activity using computational approaches","authors":"Zahra Zare Josheghani, Leila Moradi","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel, green, and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst - Phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) supported on graphitic carbon nitride nanorods (g-C₃N₄ NRs/Melamine/PMA)- was synthesized through a four-step process and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), elemental mapping, Thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The catalyst was then employed in a one-pot synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d:6,5-d']dipyrimidine derivatives via the condensation of barbituric acid (or N,N-dimethylbarbituric acid), 6-aminouracil, and aromatic aldehydes. Various products were obtained in high yields (80–97 %) within short reaction times (45–70 min ) and characterized by FT-IR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), and melting point analysis. This synthetic approach offers several advantages, including environmental friendliness, simple catalyst recovery, short reaction time, high yield, and low catalyst loading. The catalyst retained its activity after five consecutive cycles. Furthermore, molecular docking on the 5GJV protein and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out to evaluate the potential calcium channel inhibitory activity, indicating that compound <strong>4a</strong> may serve as a promising candidate for developing new antihypertensive agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145112
Yuqing Zhang , Wentao Fu , Xian Feng , Yijian Ma , Wenxiong Yu , Na Yang , Chengshuo Shen
Platinum(II) complexes are of significant importance for luminescence materials. In this work, we prepare three platinum(II)-incorporated π-extended polycyclic arenes via cycloplatination with the C^N ligands. These complexes exhibit planar geometries with broad π-π stackings in aggregation. Most interestingly, the structure of the extended π-ligands is revealed to be crucial for electron density distribution, thereby substantially altering the aromaticity and the optical properties including absorption and emission. Notably, the ligand could also tune the emission type of the complexes. The azaperylene ligand gives rise to fluorescence emission, while the azabenzoperylene ligand shows phosphorescence emission. This clear distinction underscores the critical role that the extension of π-systems plays in determining the optical characteristics of these complexes.
{"title":"Platinum(II)-incorporated π-extended polycyclic arenes with tunable fluorescence and phosphorescence via π-conjugation","authors":"Yuqing Zhang , Wentao Fu , Xian Feng , Yijian Ma , Wenxiong Yu , Na Yang , Chengshuo Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Platinum(II) complexes are of significant importance for luminescence materials. In this work, we prepare three platinum(II)-incorporated <em>π</em>-extended polycyclic arenes via cycloplatination with the C^N ligands. These complexes exhibit planar geometries with broad <em>π</em>-<em>π</em> stackings in aggregation. Most interestingly, the structure of the extended <em>π</em>-ligands is revealed to be crucial for electron density distribution, thereby substantially altering the aromaticity and the optical properties including absorption and emission. Notably, the ligand could also tune the emission type of the complexes. The azaperylene ligand gives rise to fluorescence emission, while the azabenzoperylene ligand shows phosphorescence emission. This clear distinction underscores the critical role that the extension of <em>π</em>-systems plays in determining the optical characteristics of these complexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145113
Fatemeh Hamidi Dastjerdi , Abbas Ali Esmaeili , Behrouz Notash
A novel series of spiroheterocycles was synthesized via a one-pot, three-component reaction of 4-benzo[h]quinolin-2(1H)-one, malononitrile dimer, and various isatin derivatives. The process, catalyzed by DABCO in refluxing ethanol, demonstrated broad substrate tolerance towards substituted and N-alkylated isatins, yielding ten novel heteropolycyclic compounds in good to excellent yields. The structures of products were characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The definitive structure of a representative compound was established using HSQC, HMBC, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The protocol’s simplicity, high efficiency, and green credentials underscore its potential for constructing complex spiroframeworks in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
{"title":"Synthesis and crystal structure of novel spirooxindole-fused Benzo[h]pyridopyrano[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives","authors":"Fatemeh Hamidi Dastjerdi , Abbas Ali Esmaeili , Behrouz Notash","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel series of spiroheterocycles was synthesized <em>via</em> a one-pot, three-component reaction of 4-benzo[<em>h</em>]quinolin-2(1<em>H</em>)-one, malononitrile dimer, and various isatin derivatives. The process, catalyzed by DABCO in refluxing ethanol, demonstrated broad substrate tolerance towards substituted and <em>N</em>-alkylated isatins, yielding ten novel heteropolycyclic compounds in good to excellent yields. The structures of products were characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The definitive structure of a representative compound was established using HSQC, HMBC, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The protocol’s simplicity, high efficiency, and green credentials underscore its potential for constructing complex spiroframeworks in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study describes the development and synthesis of a chemosensor with exceptional selectivity and sensitivity, 2-(4-(3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-1,8-dioxo-10-phenyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-decahydroacridin-9-yl)benzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (ART), for the detection of Zn²⁺ ions. The probe was thoroughly characterized using FTIR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and HRMS. ART displays a pronounced fluorescence “turn-on” response upon binding Zn²⁺ under UV light, marked by a discrete fluorescence change from pale blue to dark blue. Job’s method confirmed a 1:1 interaction between ART and Zn²⁺ ions, and the ART probe demonstrated an exceptionally low detection limit of 1.85 nM. Mechanistic studies, including FTIR, ¹H NMR titrations, HRMS, and DFT, confirmed the coordination between ART and Zn²⁺. The probe showed long-term stability across a broad pH range (4.0–11.0) and negligible interference from other common metal ions. Its practical applicability was demonstrated through the detection of Zn²⁺ in water and pharmaceutical samples. Moreover, ART enabled real-time imaging of Zn²⁺ in PANC1 human pancreatic cancer cells, highlighting its potential for biological applications. Overall, ART represents a robust, versatile, and highly sensitive chemosensor for Zn²⁺, offering significant promise for both environmental and biomedical studies.
{"title":"Selective fluorescent detection of Zn²⁺ ions using an acridinedione functionalized thiosemicarbazide chemosensor: Applications in pharmaceutical sample and bioimaging","authors":"Srinivasan Parthiban Ragavi , Dhakshanamurthy Thirumalai , Vidya Radhakrishnan , Indira Viswambaran Asharani","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study describes the development and synthesis of a chemosensor with exceptional selectivity and sensitivity, 2-(4-(3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-1,8-dioxo-10-phenyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-decahydroacridin-9-yl)benzylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (<strong>ART</strong>), for the detection of Zn²⁺ ions. The probe was thoroughly characterized using FTIR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and HRMS. <strong>ART</strong> displays a pronounced fluorescence “turn-on” response upon binding Zn²⁺ under UV light, marked by a discrete fluorescence change from pale blue to dark blue. Job’s method confirmed a 1:1 interaction between <strong>ART</strong> and Zn²⁺ ions, and the <strong>ART</strong> probe demonstrated an exceptionally low detection limit of 1.85 nM. Mechanistic studies, including FTIR, ¹H NMR titrations, HRMS, and DFT, confirmed the coordination between <strong>ART</strong> and Zn²⁺. The probe showed long-term stability across a broad pH range (4.0–11.0) and negligible interference from other common metal ions. Its practical applicability was demonstrated through the detection of Zn²⁺ in water and pharmaceutical samples. Moreover, <strong>ART</strong> enabled real-time imaging of Zn²⁺ in <em>PANC1</em> human pancreatic cancer cells, highlighting its potential for biological applications. Overall, <strong>ART</strong> represents a robust, versatile, and highly sensitive chemosensor for Zn²⁺, offering significant promise for both environmental and biomedical studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145115
Tatyana V. Tyumkina , Rimma R. Nurislamova , Alevtina L. Makhamatkhanova , Vladimir V Lazarev
Structure and conformation of cyclic secondary phosphine oxides (SPO) 2-phenyl- and 3-alkyl(phenyl)-1H-phospholane oxides are considered due to their potential as ligands for catalytic metal complexes. A mechanism of tautomerism between the secondary phosphine oxide (SPO) with a pentavalent phosphorus atom and phosphinous acid (PA) with a trivalent phosphorus atom of these compounds is proposed, and the ratio between the tautomers is estimated using Raman spectroscopy.
2-苯基和3-烷基（苯基）- h -磷烷氧化物的结构和构象被认为是催化金属配合物的潜在配体。提出了含五价磷原子的二氧化膦（SPO）和含三价磷原子的磷酸（PA）之间互变异构的机理，并利用拉曼光谱估计了它们之间的互变异构比例。
{"title":"Cyclic secondary phosphine oxides: conformation and tautomerism of 2-substituted and 3-substituted 1H-phospholane oxides","authors":"Tatyana V. Tyumkina , Rimma R. Nurislamova , Alevtina L. Makhamatkhanova , Vladimir V Lazarev","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structure and conformation of cyclic secondary phosphine oxides (SPO) 2-phenyl- and 3-alkyl(phenyl)-1<em>H</em>-phospholane oxides are considered due to their potential as ligands for catalytic metal complexes. A mechanism of tautomerism between the secondary phosphine oxide (SPO) with a pentavalent phosphorus atom and phosphinous acid (PA) with a trivalent phosphorus atom of these compounds is proposed, and the ratio between the tautomers is estimated using Raman spectroscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study reports the design and synthesis of a novel series of morpholine-fused 1,2,3-triazole derivatives linked to heterocyclic scaffolds via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The synthetic approach utilized readily available starting materials under mild reaction conditions, leading to the formation of target compounds in high yields. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was confirmed using spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, IR, HRMS, and X-ray crystallography.
In vitro antifungal evaluation was conducted against the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani using a poisoned food technique. Among the tested compounds, 6a (ED₅₀ = 2.69 µM) and 10a (ED₅₀ = 2.59 µM) exhibited excellent antifungal activity, with compound 10a outperforming the commercially available fungicide hexaconazole (ED₅₀ = 2.66 µM). Furthermore, in silico study involving molecular docking was performed against the fungal sterol 14α-demethylase enzyme (CYP51) to explore the potential binding interactions of the synthesized compounds. Notably, compound 6e displayed the highest binding affinity (-11.06 kcal/mol), forming stable hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions within the enzyme's active site, indicating its potential as a CYP51 inhibitor.
Overall, this study provides a comprehensive framework for the development of morpholine-triazole hybrids as promising antifungal agents. The combined synthetic, in vitro, and in silico investigations suggest that these compounds hold potential for further development as effective antifungal agents targeting fungal plant pathogens.
{"title":"Design, synthesis and antifungal activity of heterocycles-linked morpholine fused 1,2,3-triazoles against Rhizoctonia solani*","authors":"Kavita , Sumit Kumar , Prashant Kaushik , Amita Dua , Yogesh Kumar , Najam Akhtar Shakil , Brajendra K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.145107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the design and synthesis of a novel series of morpholine-fused 1,2,3-triazole derivatives linked to heterocyclic scaffolds <em>via</em> a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The synthetic approach utilized readily available starting materials under mild reaction conditions, leading to the formation of target compounds in high yields. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was confirmed using spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, IR, HRMS, and X-ray crystallography.</div><div><em>In vitro</em> antifungal evaluation was conducted against the plant pathogenic fungus <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> using a poisoned food technique. Among the tested compounds, <strong>6a</strong> (ED₅₀ = 2.69 µM) and <strong>10a</strong> (ED₅₀ = 2.59 µM) exhibited excellent antifungal activity, with compound <strong>10a</strong> outperforming the commercially available fungicide hexaconazole (ED₅₀ = 2.66 µM). Furthermore, <em>in silico</em> study involving molecular docking was performed against the fungal sterol 14α-demethylase enzyme (CYP51) to explore the potential binding interactions of the synthesized compounds. Notably, compound <strong>6e</strong> displayed the highest binding affinity (-11.06 kcal/mol), forming stable hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions within the enzyme's active site, indicating its potential as a CYP51 inhibitor.</div><div>Overall, this study provides a comprehensive framework for the development of morpholine-triazole hybrids as promising antifungal agents. The combined synthetic, <em>in vitro</em>, and <em>in silico</em> investigations suggest that these compounds hold potential for further development as effective antifungal agents targeting fungal plant pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Structure","volume":"1356 ","pages":"Article 145107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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