Journal of Medical Primatology最新文献

{"title":"Automated Detection and Risk-Related Behavior Recognition of Long-Tailed Macaques in a University Campus Area Using CNN-Based Object Detection","authors":"Orawan Watchanupaporn,&nbsp;Janya Jadejaroen,&nbsp;Kanyanut Homsapaya","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing interface zones between long-tailed macaques (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>) and humans can increase macaques' risk-related behaviors to human safety because of their aggressiveness. In addition, risk to human properties and the environment can occur when they play or search for food and other stuff on vehicles and take trash out from trash bins to find edible items.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to develop a YOLOv8-based detection system for identifying long-tailed macaques and their risk-related behaviors in a university campus, with enhanced robustness through data augmentation and Genetic Algorithm–based hyperparameter tuning to support early warning and deterrent system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8)-based object detection system to identify macaques and recognize risk-related behaviors within a multi-purpose university campus environment. A dataset of annotated images and video frames compiled from on-site observations was supplemented by using data-augmentation techniques such as Mosaic, MixUp, and geometric transformation to improve robustness under varying environmental conditions. Model performance was further improved through Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based hyperparameter tuning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The experimental results show that the system could detect macaques and contextual objects in real-time with strong performance across diverse scenes, even when they were camouflaged or partially occluded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate that this approach could be used to provide an automated early warning and deterrent system to help reduce human–macaque negative interaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Nonhuman Primate Model: The Past, Present, and Future of a Preclinical Model System for Evaluating Development of New Pediatric Drug Formulations","authors":"Barna Dey,&nbsp;Hans Spiegel,&nbsp;James E. Cummins Jr.","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A hybrid workshop entitled “NHP Models for HIV Prevention and Treatment: Towards Developing Pediatric Formulations” was organized by the Prevention Sciences Program (PSP) of the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) within the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with special assistance from Advanced Biosciences Laboratories Inc. (Rockville, Maryland) and the Tulane National Biomedical Research Center (Covington, Louisiana). The event was held on October 22, 2024, in New Orleans and attracted participants from academia, industry, and government agencies, and included attendees from the 41st Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models for AIDS.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Pediatric Nonhuman Primate Models in Translational HIV Research","authors":"Ann Chahroudi","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite extraordinary global progress in the prevention and treatment of HIV, pediatric HIV remains a significant and under-addressed component of the global epidemic. In her keynote presentation at the Pediatric Nonhuman Primate (NHP) Workshop in October 2024, Dr. Ann Chahroudi delivered a comprehensive and compelling argument for the essential role of pediatric NHP models in translational HIV research. Her talk (summarized below) provided a detailed overview of how infant monkeys have contributed uniquely to our understanding of HIV pathogenesis, immune development, and therapeutic strategies in early life—and why continued investment in these models is critical for advancing pediatric HIV prevention, treatment, and cure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Gut Microbiome Profiling of the Critically Endangered Tricolour Langur (Presbytis chrysomelas cruciger) and Vulnerable Silvery Langur (Trachypithecus cristatus) in Sarawak, Malaysia","authors":"Roberta Chaya Tawie Tingga,&nbsp;Ahmad Ampeng,&nbsp;Jack Liam,&nbsp;Bilhan Deli,&nbsp;Mohd Luqman Anuar,&nbsp;Dayang Nuriza Abang-Abdillah,&nbsp;Noraini Johari,&nbsp;Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan,&nbsp;Badrul Munir Md-Zain","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA metabarcoding is used to explore the gut microbiome of <i>Presbytis chrysomelas cruciger</i> and <i>Trachypithecus cristatus</i> from the Jemoreng Protected Forest. Phylum Firmicutes, family Lachnospiraceae, and genus <i>Shuttleworthia</i> are suggested as the key microbiome components for both species. The microbiome was primarily composed of beneficial bacteria essential for food digestion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Reintegration of a Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) Sheds Light on Management of This Endangered Species—Case Report","authors":"Danilo Simonini-Teixeira,&nbsp;Ana Vitoria Dias do Nascimento,&nbsp;Luis Fernando de Mattos Moreira,&nbsp;Geovana Pôrto de Oliveira,&nbsp;Fernanda Silva Lima,&nbsp;Júlia Souza Viana,&nbsp;Mariana Soares da Silva,&nbsp;Joanison Vicente Dos Santos Teixeira,&nbsp;Dominic Wormell,&nbsp;Leonardo de Carvalho Oliveira","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A male <i>Leontopithecus chrysomelas</i> rescued after being found in a road in Bahia, Brazil, received clinical treatment and was successfully reintegrated into its native group after 49 days. Post-release monitoring confirmed normal behavior, highlighting the importance of coordinated field–captive management for endangered primate rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12886593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Stroke in a Talapoin Monkey (Miopithecus talapoin)","authors":"Lucas dos Reis de Souza,&nbsp;Virginia Beatriz D’assunção Castro,&nbsp;Daniel Oliveira Santos,&nbsp;Nayara Ferreira de Paula,&nbsp;Paula Cristina Senra Lima,&nbsp;Rafael Otavio Cançado Motta,&nbsp;Carlyle Mendes Coelho,&nbsp;Herlandes Penha Tinoco,&nbsp;Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva,&nbsp;Renato Lima Santos,&nbsp;Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A captive senile talapoin monkey (<i>Miopithecus talapoin</i>) developed sudden neurological signs and died within 24 h. Necropsy revealed an extensive infarct in the right hemisphere, from occipital to frontal lobe. Microscopy showed a thrombus, neuronal edema, and necrosis, and arteriosclerosis, characterizing an ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jmp.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Laser Doppler Flowmetry With Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound to Approximate Placental Microvascular Blood Flow in the African Green Monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus)","authors":"Yarines Gonzalez-Rodriguez,&nbsp;Rachel W. Walmer,&nbsp;Shannon Krainiak,&nbsp;Kelli Carter,&nbsp;Kylie Kavanagh,&nbsp;Kennita Johnson,&nbsp;Sarah N. Cilvik","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ability to study in vivo microvascular flow within the placenta is limited. We sought to compare two techniques for evaluation of placental perfusion in a translational nonhuman primate model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured placental microvascular perfusion in six pregnant African green monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus</i>) using both Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in 2–4 discrete placental locations per animal at early- (EG), mid- (MG), and/or late-gestation (LG). We assessed correlation between matched LDF and CEUS, with the hypothesis that we would observe concordance between these two measures of relative perfusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using 35 total paired measurements (13 EG, <i>n</i> = 4; 12 MG, <i>n</i> = 4; 10 LG, <i>n</i> = 5), we found no correlation between LDF microvascular perfusion and CEUS microvascular flux rate (Pearson <i>r</i> = −0.2026, <i>R</i>² = 0.0411, <i>p</i> = 0.2431).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LDF and CEUS produce discordant results with respect to placental perfusion. LDF is ill-suited to a heterogeneous organ such as the placenta.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12852978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Series Evaluating the Correlation Between Glycosuria Measurement and Serum Fructosamine in Two Diabetic De Brazza's Monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus) and a Diabetic Tufted Capuchin (Sapajus apella)","authors":"Ashley Clayton,&nbsp;Ellen Holding,&nbsp;Jane Hopper","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common condition affecting non-human primates (NHPs). The use of serum fructosamine in NHPs is a useful monitoring tool. Data does not exist to show whether there is any correlation between glycosuria and serum fructosamine. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate if there is a correlation between these two measurements to inform future monitoring of diabetic NHPs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two De Brazza's monkeys (<i>Cercopithecus neglectus</i>) and one tufted capuchin (<i>Sapajus apella</i>) previously diagnosed with DM underwent daily urinalysis monitoring. The average of each individual's morning (AM) glycosuria scores for the two weeks preceding a blood serum fructosamine measurement was calculated and then compared to their serum fructosamine measurement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In each of the three cases, a strong positive correlation between glycosuria value and serum fructosamine was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urine glycosuria appears to be a useful non-invasive diagnostic monitoring tool in NHPs with DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental Detection of Microfilariae in Saguinus bicolor and Saguinus midas From Central Amazon","authors":"Christiano T. Figueiredo,&nbsp;David F. Conga,&nbsp;Larissa Q. Pereira,&nbsp;Alessandra Ferreira Dales Nava,&nbsp;Marcelo Gordo","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Callitrichid primates <i>Saguinus bicolor</i> and <i>Saguinus midas</i> from urban accidents in peri-urban forests from Central Amazon were necropsied. Analysis of thoracic and peritoneal fluid showed that 56.5% (13/23) of <i>S. bicolor</i> individuals and 13.3% (4/30) of <i>S. midas</i> individuals had the presence of <i>Dipetalonema</i> and <i>Mansonella</i> (<i>Tetrapetalonema</i>) microfilariae.</p>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12800720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA Barcoding Supports Mitochondrial Lineage Structure in the Genus Macaca With Implications for Biomedical Research and Laboratory Colony Management","authors":"Voon-Ching Lim,&nbsp;Sree Kanthaswamy,&nbsp;Suchinda Malaivijitnond","doi":"10.1111/jmp.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jmp.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cynomolgus macaques are widely used in biomedical research, yet the hybridisation between the subspecies <i>M. f. fascicularis</i> (<i>Mff</i>) and <i>M. f. aurea</i> (<i>Mfa</i>), and introgression from another species <i>M. mulatta</i> (<i>Mm</i>) may affect the research outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA barcoding targeting COI mtDNA, as well as phylogenetic, pairwise distance and statistical analyses were employed to examine the relationships between <i>Mff, Mfa</i> and <i>Mm</i> using 52 newly sequenced and 59 public DNA barcodes representing 17 <i>Macaca</i> taxa and seven species groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA barcoding delineated the <i>Macaca</i> taxa, revealing genetic distinctions between <i>Mff</i> and <i>Mfa</i> greater than between <i>Mff</i> and <i>Mm</i>, as well as delineating geographical populations. This underscores the need for verification of laboratory individuals, besides genetic management of breeding colonies, as genetic differences can influence disease susceptibility and drug trial outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA barcoding offers a rapid, cost-effective tool to ensure appropriate selection and genetic management of laboratory individuals used in biomedical research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Primatology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145966226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}