Journal of Medical Primatology最新文献

Owl monkeys (Aotus spp.) are the only nocturnal simian primates, and as such, they are very different from other nonhuman primate species. Despite owl monkeys being used as an animal model to study malaria for over 50 years, there is not much information about their requirements in captivity compared to other primate species commonly used in biomedical research. Adaptation to a nocturnal life implies changes in the biology of the species, changes that are not seen in diurnal nonhuman primates. Here we briefly review the physiology, immunology, reproduction, and environmental requirements of the owl monkey in hopes it will provide guidance to animal care personnel and investigators when designing housing and managing this invaluable species in captivity.

Owl monkeys (Aotus spp.) are the only nocturnal simian primates and, as such, they are very different from other nonhuman primate species. Despite owl monkeys being used as animal models to study malaria for over 50 years, there is not much information about their requirements in captivity compared to other primate species commonly used in biomedical research. This may be due to the fact that owl monkeys are nocturnal, making them more difficult to study in their natural environment. Information about their natural environment and behavior is important for designing the most appropriate husbandry for these species in captivity. Here we briefly review the taxonomy, geographic distribution, anatomy, and behavior of the owl monkey in hopes that it will be useful for animal care personnel and researchers designing and conducting research with this invaluable animal model.

Pitted keratolysis, a dermatologic condition in humans, was diagnosed in an olive baboon (Papio anubis) via biopsy and responded well to topical treatment. In humans, pitted keratolysis is caused by the overgrowth of keratinolytic bacteria within the stratum corneum. This represents the first reported case in a nonhuman primate.

Different studies have indicated that there is a high prevalence of neoplasms in nonhuman primates; however, in Platyrrhini species, and especially in South American species, the available information is very scarce. The black howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) is the most widely distributed species in northeastern Argentina. In this contribution, we report an adult male individual of A. caraya with an important maxillofacial lesion whose morphological and radiographic characteristics allow us to diagnose it as the first record of a desmoplastic ameloblastoma in this species. The occurrence of this benign neoplasm raises the need to increase population monitoring, as well as the postmortem analysis of the different carcasses recovered from the different regions inhabited by this species.

Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are a New World nonhuman primate (NHP) whose popularity as a research model continues to expand. Marmosets were identified as the predominant NHP species that is susceptible to spontaneous Pseudomonas infections based on a 27-year survey in a primate colony, encompassing several NHP species. 26 common marmosets were retrospectively identified and evaluated for spontaneous Pseudomonas spp. infections. Clinical symptoms included lethargy, weight loss, gastrointestinal issues (diarrhea, bloating, vomiting, poor appetite), increased respiratory effort, and difficulty urinating. Affected organs (larynx, lungs, liver, gallbladder, intestines, colon, uterus, and urinary bladder) appeared discolored, distended, or enlarged. Microscopic findings included inflammatory infiltrates, edema, necrosis, hemorrhage, and pseudomembranous lesions. Only animals with clinical symptoms or gross evidence of bacterial infection were cultured; therefore, the actual incidence of Pseudomonas spp. infections is unknown. We present the common and uncommon lesions associated with Pseudomonas infections in the common marmoset.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant form of urogenital cancer that arises from renal tubular epithelial cells. Here, we describe a case of renal cell carcinoma in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive reactivity for PAX8 and CD10 in the renal neoplasm. We review 115 cases of spontaneous renal tumors in nonhuman primates (NHP) reported in the literature and from the Southwest National Primate Research Center records. Across all NHPs, malignant renal neoplasms were more frequent than benign. There appears to be a male sex predilection for renal tumors in baboons. This is the first reported case of renal cell carcinoma in a marmoset.