Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206914
J.Y. Yu, P.H.J. Chong, P. L. So, E. Gunawan
This paper proposes several schemes for solving the typical "silent node" problem in a powerline communications (PLC) access network based on the polling protocol. These schemes can help guarantee reliable and efficient automatic metering reading (AMR) service. The assumption of the PLC access network model in this paper is based on the actual structure of the PLC access networks of Singapore public residential buildings. Also, a two-state transition Markov model is utilized to model a meter unit with "silent node" problem in a PLC network. Some of the assumptions are also based on Konnex standard. By utilizing these models for our computer simulation, the performance of our proposed schemes can be evaluated in terms of reliability and efficiency
{"title":"Solutions for the \"silent node\" problem in automatic meter reading system using powerline communications","authors":"J.Y. Yu, P.H.J. Chong, P. L. So, E. Gunawan","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206914","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes several schemes for solving the typical \"silent node\" problem in a powerline communications (PLC) access network based on the polling protocol. These schemes can help guarantee reliable and efficient automatic metering reading (AMR) service. The assumption of the PLC access network model in this paper is based on the actual structure of the PLC access networks of Singapore public residential buildings. Also, a two-state transition Markov model is utilized to model a meter unit with \"silent node\" problem in a PLC network. Some of the assumptions are also based on Konnex standard. By utilizing these models for our computer simulation, the performance of our proposed schemes can be evaluated in terms of reliability and efficiency","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127119993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206895
T. Chandler
The rapid development of ICT technology, power metering technology and power monitoring knowledge base has had a very significant impact on AMR and power monitoring in the past few years. Historically power monitoring systems have been either automated meter reading (AMR) or power quality and power usage (PQ) monitoring systems. As the network technology, communication protocols and computing power technology increased the costs have decreased and we are observing a merger of the system capabilities. New AMR systems combine some PQ functions and PQ monitoring systems include AMR functions. These are accomplished with automatic dialup or networked systems with automatic power flow, power usage, Kvar and PF as well as automatic event alarming, long-term data management with trending and automatic report generation. The next generation power monitoring systems include multilevel AMR with PQ monitoring with WIFI connection and intelligent monitoring systems. These intelligent monitoring systems will provide the power usage data for AMR parameters such as PF, KVAR, time of usage and include instantaneous event analysis, automatic event categorization, automatic distant to fault calculation and automatic trending of power all parameters
{"title":"The technology development of automatic metering and monitoring systems","authors":"T. Chandler","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206895","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of ICT technology, power metering technology and power monitoring knowledge base has had a very significant impact on AMR and power monitoring in the past few years. Historically power monitoring systems have been either automated meter reading (AMR) or power quality and power usage (PQ) monitoring systems. As the network technology, communication protocols and computing power technology increased the costs have decreased and we are observing a merger of the system capabilities. New AMR systems combine some PQ functions and PQ monitoring systems include AMR functions. These are accomplished with automatic dialup or networked systems with automatic power flow, power usage, Kvar and PF as well as automatic event alarming, long-term data management with trending and automatic report generation. The next generation power monitoring systems include multilevel AMR with PQ monitoring with WIFI connection and intelligent monitoring systems. These intelligent monitoring systems will provide the power usage data for AMR parameters such as PF, KVAR, time of usage and include instantaneous event analysis, automatic event categorization, automatic distant to fault calculation and automatic trending of power all parameters","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126080613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206988
H. Heydari, S.H. Pedramrazi, F. Faghihi
The leakage reactance is the most effective parameter in voltage drop in transformers and it's depending on leakage flux in windings area. The windings area is dependent on current density in windings conductor, so windings area varies with the current density. Two different current density in transformer shows that the leakage reactance is dependent on current density in windings conductor and higher current density lead to less leakage reactance and less voltage drop. The comparison of simulation results in two different cases confirms the effects of current density on leakage reactance
{"title":"The effects of windings current density values on leakage reactance in a 25 kA current injection transformer","authors":"H. Heydari, S.H. Pedramrazi, F. Faghihi","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206988","url":null,"abstract":"The leakage reactance is the most effective parameter in voltage drop in transformers and it's depending on leakage flux in windings area. The windings area is dependent on current density in windings conductor, so windings area varies with the current density. Two different current density in transformer shows that the leakage reactance is dependent on current density in windings conductor and higher current density lead to less leakage reactance and less voltage drop. The comparison of simulation results in two different cases confirms the effects of current density on leakage reactance","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130368057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.207010
Yue Yuan, P. Ju, Qiang Li, Yongzhi Wang, H. Hu, H. Sasaki
In this paper, a mathematical model for analyzing power system steady state angle stability based on WAMS (wide area measurement system) is established. By adopting a practical simplified methodology, we may obtain real-time information related to the steady state angle stability of power system. The results of the example illustrated in the paper justify the feasibility of the proposed method. And it is proved that the method has great potential for practical use
{"title":"A real-time monitoring method for power system steady state angle stability based on WAMS","authors":"Yue Yuan, P. Ju, Qiang Li, Yongzhi Wang, H. Hu, H. Sasaki","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.207010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.207010","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a mathematical model for analyzing power system steady state angle stability based on WAMS (wide area measurement system) is established. By adopting a practical simplified methodology, we may obtain real-time information related to the steady state angle stability of power system. The results of the example illustrated in the paper justify the feasibility of the proposed method. And it is proved that the method has great potential for practical use","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130671586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.207073
Qiao-lin Ding, Jing Tang, Jianxin Liu
This paper provides a framework to obtain some optimal strategies according to different risk analysis and decisions. An optimization process is used to find the optimal production for forecasted price and several boundary prices which are defined based on different confidence level of price probability distribution. Market participants would select their most interesting prices related to its attitude depends on its degree of risk aversion to construct the bidding strategy. The main contribution of this work is a methodology to find a bidding strategy. The new optimal bidding strategy composed of curves with optimal offer blocks where only information related to forecasted demand and market-clearing prices is required shows its superiority to others
{"title":"A new optimal bidding strategy based on risk aversion attitude of power market suppliers","authors":"Qiao-lin Ding, Jing Tang, Jianxin Liu","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.207073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.207073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a framework to obtain some optimal strategies according to different risk analysis and decisions. An optimization process is used to find the optimal production for forecasted price and several boundary prices which are defined based on different confidence level of price probability distribution. Market participants would select their most interesting prices related to its attitude depends on its degree of risk aversion to construct the bidding strategy. The main contribution of this work is a methodology to find a bidding strategy. The new optimal bidding strategy composed of curves with optimal offer blocks where only information related to forecasted demand and market-clearing prices is required shows its superiority to others","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130718632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206922
Y. Q. Zhan, Y. H. Li, S. Choi, S. Rajakaruna, D. M. Vilathgamuwa
Some results obtained on the design of power quality control center (PQCC) are described. The Center, consisting of two back-to-back power converters, a DC-bus and a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) distributed generator, provides varied levels of power quality services to meet the load requirements. Based on the concept of feasible operating area of the SOFC, it is shown that the ability of the PQCC to accommodate instantaneous power demand change is constrained. A feasible PQCC operating scheme is then proposed. It exploits fully the ability of the converters and the SOFC to respond to external disturbances. Furthermore, by incorporating a series compensator into the PQCC, it is shown that load ride-through capability under voltage disturbance conditions can be extended considerably. Two possible PQCC-SC structures have been considered and simulation results are used to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed schemes
{"title":"Some recent results on the design of power quality control center","authors":"Y. Q. Zhan, Y. H. Li, S. Choi, S. Rajakaruna, D. M. Vilathgamuwa","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206922","url":null,"abstract":"Some results obtained on the design of power quality control center (PQCC) are described. The Center, consisting of two back-to-back power converters, a DC-bus and a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) distributed generator, provides varied levels of power quality services to meet the load requirements. Based on the concept of feasible operating area of the SOFC, it is shown that the ability of the PQCC to accommodate instantaneous power demand change is constrained. A feasible PQCC operating scheme is then proposed. It exploits fully the ability of the converters and the SOFC to respond to external disturbances. Furthermore, by incorporating a series compensator into the PQCC, it is shown that load ride-through capability under voltage disturbance conditions can be extended considerably. Two possible PQCC-SC structures have been considered and simulation results are used to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed schemes","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116657685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.207046
Wenyuan Li, Jiping Lu, Wei Yan
This paper presents a method to develop and incorporate a reliability component in transmission pricing. The method includes the following three tasks: developing a technique to establish an unit reliability value; quantifying impacts of customer on system reliability; and incorporating the reliability component in the rate design. The proposed method calculates the charge or credit to a native, wheeling, or generation customer in terms of its impact on system reliability. Incorporation of the reliability component will force all players in the system (the utility and customers) to share their responsibility in system reliability through a price signal and provide an incentive message to encourage the right siting of new generations. The method also reflects the long run incremental investment requirement of a transmission company. The procedure of the proposed method has been explained using the BC Hydro system in Canada as an example
{"title":"Reliability component in transmission service pricing","authors":"Wenyuan Li, Jiping Lu, Wei Yan","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.207046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.207046","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to develop and incorporate a reliability component in transmission pricing. The method includes the following three tasks: developing a technique to establish an unit reliability value; quantifying impacts of customer on system reliability; and incorporating the reliability component in the rate design. The proposed method calculates the charge or credit to a native, wheeling, or generation customer in terms of its impact on system reliability. Incorporation of the reliability component will force all players in the system (the utility and customers) to share their responsibility in system reliability through a price signal and provide an incentive message to encourage the right siting of new generations. The method also reflects the long run incremental investment requirement of a transmission company. The procedure of the proposed method has been explained using the BC Hydro system in Canada as an example","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116661993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206999
C. Collins, N. Watson, A. Wood
This paper presents a non-linear harmonic domain model for the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). The model incorporates a fundamental frequency three-phase power-flow and a harmonic converter representation. This combination accounts for system imbalance and the resultant non-characteristic harmonic generation. The proposed unified solution format uses a single iterative loop eliminating unnecessary assumptions regarding the operating point. The models performance is validated against time domain simulation for an unbalanced test system. This test system is then used to illustrate the impact of transmission lines on the harmonic performance of a static synchronous series compensator, particularly with respect to additional harmonic transfers. Reinforcing the importance of comprehensive three-phase modelling when considering flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices
{"title":"Unbalanced SSSC modelling in the harmonic domain","authors":"C. Collins, N. Watson, A. Wood","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206999","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a non-linear harmonic domain model for the static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). The model incorporates a fundamental frequency three-phase power-flow and a harmonic converter representation. This combination accounts for system imbalance and the resultant non-characteristic harmonic generation. The proposed unified solution format uses a single iterative loop eliminating unnecessary assumptions regarding the operating point. The models performance is validated against time domain simulation for an unbalanced test system. This test system is then used to illustrate the impact of transmission lines on the harmonic performance of a static synchronous series compensator, particularly with respect to additional harmonic transfers. Reinforcing the importance of comprehensive three-phase modelling when considering flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116701157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.206899
Zhongxu Li, Yutian Liu
As a novel computation mode, the methodology of grid computing can exploit geographically and organizationally distributed computational resources for solving reactive power optimization problems. A grid-computing architecture for reactive power optimization is designed herein. Considering the characteristics of reactive power, a large-scale power system can be divided into many small-scale subsystems according to administrative domain and network structure. The optimization subproblems for corresponding subsystems can be worked out autonomously by agents, which are wrapped into grid services. The agents are diverse in objective functions, optimization algorithms and power flow algorithms. Grid computing technology is adopted to integrate the heterogeneous computational resources, which are distributed to different subsystems and dominated by different control centers. The simulation results of a practical power system show the feasibility of the proposed method
{"title":"Reactive power optimization using agent-based grid computing","authors":"Zhongxu Li, Yutian Liu","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.206899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.206899","url":null,"abstract":"As a novel computation mode, the methodology of grid computing can exploit geographically and organizationally distributed computational resources for solving reactive power optimization problems. A grid-computing architecture for reactive power optimization is designed herein. Considering the characteristics of reactive power, a large-scale power system can be divided into many small-scale subsystems according to administrative domain and network structure. The optimization subproblems for corresponding subsystems can be worked out autonomously by agents, which are wrapped into grid services. The agents are diverse in objective functions, optimization algorithms and power flow algorithms. Grid computing technology is adopted to integrate the heterogeneous computational resources, which are distributed to different subsystems and dominated by different control centers. The simulation results of a practical power system show the feasibility of the proposed method","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116844387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/IPEC.2005.207017
H. Koch
Bottle-necks in the transmission network are strongly influencing the net reliability and the cost for transmission. Reliability is reduced because of the more likeliness of shut downs of overloaded transmission lines. Higher cost are coming from the high loaded overhead lines where thermal limit temperatures of 80degC or 90degC or even more can be reached. This thermal transmission losses are increasing the transmission cost significantly. Bottle-necks are also a consequence of increasing power transmission and the too slow upgrade of the transmission network. In some cases the load can reach values which are at the limits of transmission capability of overhead lines, which is at rated currents of about 3000 A. To improve the bottle-neck situation in a transmission network some technical solutions are available like new or upgraded overhead lines, power flow control (FACTS), power factor compensation, additional underground transmission systems (cables and GIL)
{"title":"Influences of bottle-necks in the transmission network","authors":"H. Koch","doi":"10.1109/IPEC.2005.207017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEC.2005.207017","url":null,"abstract":"Bottle-necks in the transmission network are strongly influencing the net reliability and the cost for transmission. Reliability is reduced because of the more likeliness of shut downs of overloaded transmission lines. Higher cost are coming from the high loaded overhead lines where thermal limit temperatures of 80degC or 90degC or even more can be reached. This thermal transmission losses are increasing the transmission cost significantly. Bottle-necks are also a consequence of increasing power transmission and the too slow upgrade of the transmission network. In some cases the load can reach values which are at the limits of transmission capability of overhead lines, which is at rated currents of about 3000 A. To improve the bottle-neck situation in a transmission network some technical solutions are available like new or upgraded overhead lines, power flow control (FACTS), power factor compensation, additional underground transmission systems (cables and GIL)","PeriodicalId":164802,"journal":{"name":"2005 International Power Engineering Conference","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131031460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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