The alkaline protease produced by Bacillus cereus UV-15 mutant was purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate and gel filtration through sephadex G-100. The enzyme has shown to have a molecular weight of 29kDa by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The extracted protease enzyme was purified by 16.64 fold through ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography separation in Sephadex G-100. The purified protease had a specific activity of 2915 (U/mg). The zymogram also revealed a clear hydrolytic zone due to proteolytic activity, which coincided with the band obtained with SDS–PAGE. The enzyme was remained active and stable at pH 8-11, with an optimum at pH 10.0. The protease was stable in the temperature ranging from 40°C to 60°C, but gradually decreased at temperature 70°C. The optimum temperature for protease activity was determined at 60°C. The enzyme showed stability towards non-ionic and anionic surfactants, and oxidizing agents. At 1% concentration of Tween-20 and Tween-80, the enzyme retained 78% and 94% relative activity respectively. Alkaline protease retained 95% activity toward 0.5% concentration of the anionic detergent SDS. The enzyme showed compatibility at 50°C with commercial detergents such as Ariel, Surf excel, Rin, wheel, Tide and Nirma. In the presence of Ariel and Rin the enzyme retained about 72 and 75% of the original activity respectively. The supplementation of the enzyme in detergents could improve the cleansing performance towards the blood stains and suggested to be used as a detergent additive. The enzyme also removed goat hide hairs completely after 15 hr of incubation. These characteristics may make the enzyme suitable for several industrial applications, especially in leather industries.
{"title":"Purification, characterization and application of novel alkaline protease from new Bacillus cereus UV-15 mutant","authors":"S. Basavaraju, C. Kathera, P. Jasti","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017741","url":null,"abstract":"The alkaline protease produced by Bacillus cereus UV-15 mutant was purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate and gel filtration through sephadex G-100. The enzyme has shown to have a molecular weight of 29kDa by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The extracted protease enzyme was purified by 16.64 fold through ammonium sulphate precipitation and chromatography separation in Sephadex G-100. The purified protease had a specific activity of 2915 (U/mg). The zymogram also revealed a clear hydrolytic zone due to proteolytic activity, which coincided with the band obtained with SDS–PAGE. The enzyme was remained active and stable at pH 8-11, with an optimum at pH 10.0. The protease was stable in the temperature ranging from 40°C to 60°C, but gradually decreased at temperature 70°C. The optimum temperature for protease activity was determined at 60°C. The enzyme showed stability towards non-ionic and anionic surfactants, and oxidizing agents. At 1% concentration of Tween-20 and Tween-80, the enzyme retained 78% and 94% relative activity respectively. Alkaline protease retained 95% activity toward 0.5% concentration of the anionic detergent SDS. The enzyme showed compatibility at 50°C with commercial detergents such as Ariel, Surf excel, Rin, wheel, Tide and Nirma. In the presence of Ariel and Rin the enzyme retained about 72 and 75% of the original activity respectively. The supplementation of the enzyme in detergents could improve the cleansing performance towards the blood stains and suggested to be used as a detergent additive. The enzyme also removed goat hide hairs completely after 15 hr of incubation. These characteristics may make the enzyme suitable for several industrial applications, especially in leather industries.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"5 11 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85647097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The discharge of untreated abattoir wastewater constitutes public health concern because diseases are transmitted through contaminated water bodies. Contaminated water supply systems used for drinking and other purposes have been implicated in the transmission of antibiotic resistant pathogens. This study was carried out to determine the physico-chemical, bacteriological qualities of abattoir wastewater in Ibadan and antibiotics resistance patterns of Salmonella species from the wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from the slaughter slab and drainage. Physico-chemical parameters, total bacteria counts (TBC) and total coliform counts (TCC) were determined using standard procedures. Salmonella species were isolated from the samples using pour plate techniques and identified using biochemical tests, while susceptibility test of the isolates against 10 antibiotics was determined using disc diffusion technique. The physico-chemical parameters of the wastewater showed total dissolved solids of 4,150 mg/l and 2300 mg/l for slaughter slab and drainage respectively while biochemical oxygen demand was 867.2 mg/l and 698.5 mg/l. Dissolved oxygen was between 0.01 mg/l and 0.02 mg/l; the mean value of TBC and TCC ranged between 4.24x 107- 4.78x107 cfu/ml and 3.03x107-3.51x107cfu/ml respectively. Salmonella species isolated were 48 and were all resistant to ampicillin and ceftriazone. The strains of S. enterica subspecies enterica exhibited resistance to eight antibiotics combination (AMP-TET-OFX-AMC-CLX-CRO-STR-SXT, AMP-TET-AMC-CLX-CRO-CHL-STR-SXT) while two of the isolates were pan-resistant. The abattoir wastewater must be properly treated before being discharged into the environment as it is evident that it harbours multiple antibiotic resistant pathogens.
{"title":"Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Quality of an Abattoir Wastewater Discharged into Water Bodies in Ibadan, Nigeria and drug resistant profile of isolated Salmonella species","authors":"O. Falodun, A. Rabiu","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017743","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge of untreated abattoir wastewater constitutes public health concern because diseases are transmitted through contaminated water bodies. Contaminated water supply systems used for drinking and other purposes have been implicated in the transmission of antibiotic resistant pathogens. This study was carried out to determine the physico-chemical, bacteriological qualities of abattoir wastewater in Ibadan and antibiotics resistance patterns of Salmonella species from the wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from the slaughter slab and drainage. Physico-chemical parameters, total bacteria counts (TBC) and total coliform counts (TCC) were determined using standard procedures. Salmonella species were isolated from the samples using pour plate techniques and identified using biochemical tests, while susceptibility test of the isolates against 10 antibiotics was determined using disc diffusion technique. The physico-chemical parameters of the wastewater showed total dissolved solids of 4,150 mg/l and 2300 mg/l for slaughter slab and drainage respectively while biochemical oxygen demand was 867.2 mg/l and 698.5 mg/l. Dissolved oxygen was between 0.01 mg/l and 0.02 mg/l; the mean value of TBC and TCC ranged between 4.24x 107- 4.78x107 cfu/ml and 3.03x107-3.51x107cfu/ml respectively. Salmonella species isolated were 48 and were all resistant to ampicillin and ceftriazone. The strains of S. enterica subspecies enterica exhibited resistance to eight antibiotics combination (AMP-TET-OFX-AMC-CLX-CRO-STR-SXT, AMP-TET-AMC-CLX-CRO-CHL-STR-SXT) while two of the isolates were pan-resistant. The abattoir wastewater must be properly treated before being discharged into the environment as it is evident that it harbours multiple antibiotic resistant pathogens.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78124713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently in humans and fishes most of the disease causing pathogenic microorganisms developed resistance against certain antimicrobial agents. This situation is causing both health and economic problems. In this context present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaves and fruits of Myrtuscommunis. Antimicrobial activity of the plant’s leaf and fruit extracts was tested by using disc diffusion method against five fish, seven food-borne human pathogens and twoyeast strains. For this purpose, n-hexane and methanol an organic solvent were used for the obtaining the extract from dried leaves and fruit. The highest inhibition values was recorded as; for leaf n-hexane, leaf methanol and fruit n-hexane extracts against A. hydrophila ATCC 19570 fish pathogen as 24.59 mm, 21.76 mm and 23.78 mm, respectively while for fruit methanol extract against E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (human food-borne pathogen) as 16.61 mm. MBC and MFC results revealed that all extracts showed inhibitory activity against the entire test microorganisms. Methanol extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity than n-hexane extracts. IC 50 values were recorded in the range of 162.82-633.01 μg/mL and the highest activity was recorded for methanol extract (162.82 μg/mL). According to total antioxidant capacity method, the leaf methanol extract has been shown to have the highest activity as 115.91 mg AE/g.The highest activity (147.97mg TE/g) was found by the leaf methanol extract using FRAP method. Considering the results M. communis can be suggested as possible candidate for the extraction of natural and economic antimicrobial and antioxidant material.
{"title":"Assessment of Biological and Antioxidant Capacities of Myrtuscommunis L. Leaf and Fruit Extracts from Mediterranean Region of Turkey","authors":"A. Gunyakti, M. Asan-Ozusaglam, Muhammad Mujtaba","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017733","url":null,"abstract":"Recently in humans and fishes most of the disease causing pathogenic microorganisms developed resistance against certain antimicrobial agents. This situation is causing both health and economic problems. In this context present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaves and fruits of Myrtuscommunis. Antimicrobial activity of the plant’s leaf and fruit extracts was tested by using disc diffusion method against five fish, seven food-borne human pathogens and twoyeast strains. For this purpose, n-hexane and methanol an organic solvent were used for the obtaining the extract from dried leaves and fruit. The highest inhibition values was recorded as; for leaf n-hexane, leaf methanol and fruit n-hexane extracts against A. hydrophila ATCC 19570 fish pathogen as 24.59 mm, 21.76 mm and 23.78 mm, respectively while for fruit methanol extract against E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (human food-borne pathogen) as 16.61 mm. MBC and MFC results revealed that all extracts showed inhibitory activity against the entire test microorganisms. Methanol extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity than n-hexane extracts. IC 50 values were recorded in the range of 162.82-633.01 μg/mL and the highest activity was recorded for methanol extract (162.82 μg/mL). According to total antioxidant capacity method, the leaf methanol extract has been shown to have the highest activity as 115.91 mg AE/g.The highest activity (147.97mg TE/g) was found by the leaf methanol extract using FRAP method. Considering the results M. communis can be suggested as possible candidate for the extraction of natural and economic antimicrobial and antioxidant material.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"28 2 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77912849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study described biosynthesis of nickel nanoparticles using a bacterial strain Alcaligenes faecalis . The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible, XRD, SEM and FT-IR spectral studies. Nanoparticles were tested for their anti-inflammatory property. Nickel nanoparticles exhibited 51.46 percentage inhibitions at concentration of 200 µg/ml . This biosynthesis is good source for green environment approach towards the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and has many advantages such as, comfort with which the process can be scaled up and economic feasibility.
{"title":"Synthesis of nickel nanoparticles via biological entity and their Anti- inflammatory activity","authors":"P. SpoorthyH, M. Archna, N. D. Rekha, S. Satish","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017731","url":null,"abstract":"The present study described biosynthesis of nickel nanoparticles using a bacterial strain Alcaligenes faecalis . The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible, XRD, SEM and FT-IR spectral studies. Nanoparticles were tested for their anti-inflammatory property. Nickel nanoparticles exhibited 51.46 percentage inhibitions at concentration of 200 µg/ml . This biosynthesis is good source for green environment approach towards the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and has many advantages such as, comfort with which the process can be scaled up and economic feasibility.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74955743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this work was to optimize the process parameters through the statistical approach for the production of alpha amylase by Bacillus sp. in submerged fermentation (SMF). Initially critical physical and chemical process parameters influencing the enzyme production were identified by Plackett-Burman method ( eleven variables, seven nutritional, two physical and two dummies) were analyzed. Then optimum levels of most influencing parameters affecting amylase production were obtained by CCD and results were analyzed by standard analysis of variance (ANOVA). The effect of interaction of physiochemical parameters on the amylase production (z axis) was studied by plotting three dimensional response surface curves against any two independent variables. A high similarity was observed between the predicted and experimental results, which reflected the accuracy and applicability of RSM to optimize the process for enzyme production. As a result of RSM the optimum values for starch concentration -0.65%, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 -0.55% and pH- 8.33. As a result of media optimization, a titre of 1, 22,000 U/L -1 was achieved. A total of 2.4 fold increase in enzyme activity was observed.
{"title":"Optimization of critical process parameters for amylase production by Bacillus sp. using statistical approach (RSM)","authors":"Rachna Singh, D. Sharma, Mahendra K. Gupta","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017732","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to optimize the process parameters through the statistical approach for the production of alpha amylase by Bacillus sp. in submerged fermentation (SMF). Initially critical physical and chemical process parameters influencing the enzyme production were identified by Plackett-Burman method ( eleven variables, seven nutritional, two physical and two dummies) were analyzed. Then optimum levels of most influencing parameters affecting amylase production were obtained by CCD and results were analyzed by standard analysis of variance (ANOVA). The effect of interaction of physiochemical parameters on the amylase production (z axis) was studied by plotting three dimensional response surface curves against any two independent variables. A high similarity was observed between the predicted and experimental results, which reflected the accuracy and applicability of RSM to optimize the process for enzyme production. As a result of RSM the optimum values for starch concentration -0.65%, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 -0.55% and pH- 8.33. As a result of media optimization, a titre of 1, 22,000 U/L -1 was achieved. A total of 2.4 fold increase in enzyme activity was observed.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82928285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. NseabasiMaina, E. G. Vinkings, I. Bassey, A. Unimke, L. O. Abulawor
The study investigated the bacteriological content in a major abattoir located approximately 300 meters from a densely populated and cultivated area along the Benue River. Enumeration of bacterial cells from samples in the study yielded relatively high mean count of 9.4 x 105 and 7.3 x 105 from effluent and soil samples respectively. Bacteria isolated from both samples included; Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp, Salmonella sp, Pseudomonas sp, Shigellasp, Enterobacter sp, Staphylococcus sp, Bacillus sp, Brucella sp, Proteus sp, Micrococcus sp etc. Escherichia coli recorded an occurrence of 18.53% in effluents and 16.16% in soil while Proteus species and Brucella sp had an occurrence of 9.59% and 1.39% respectively in soil samples. Antibiotic sensitivity screening using seveenteen (17) antibiotics disc (Optun Nig.) viz: Tarivid (10 µg), peflacine (10 µg), Agumentin (30 µg), Gentamycin (10 µg), Streptomycin (30 µg), Ceporex (10 µg), Nalidixic acid (30 µg), Ciprofloxacin (10 µg), Norfloxacin (10 µg), Rifampicin (µg), Erythromycin (µg), Chloramphenicol (µg), Ampiclox (30 µg), Levofloxacin (10µg). A marked level of resistance was observed among the isolates. However, Escherichia coli indicated sensitivity to peflacine, Shigellasp indicated sensitivity to augmentin, Enterococcus and Bacillus species indicated sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and streptomycin respectively.
{"title":"Screening the Milieu of an abattoir for Bacteria of Public health importance in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria","authors":"N. NseabasiMaina, E. G. Vinkings, I. Bassey, A. Unimke, L. O. Abulawor","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017721","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the bacteriological content in a major abattoir located approximately 300 meters from a densely populated and cultivated area along the Benue River. Enumeration of bacterial cells from samples in the study yielded relatively high mean count of 9.4 x 105 and 7.3 x 105 from effluent and soil samples respectively. Bacteria isolated from both samples included; Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp, Salmonella sp, Pseudomonas sp, Shigellasp, Enterobacter sp, Staphylococcus sp, Bacillus sp, Brucella sp, Proteus sp, Micrococcus sp etc. Escherichia coli recorded an occurrence of 18.53% in effluents and 16.16% in soil while Proteus species and Brucella sp had an occurrence of 9.59% and 1.39% respectively in soil samples. Antibiotic sensitivity screening using seveenteen (17) antibiotics disc (Optun Nig.) viz: Tarivid (10 µg), peflacine (10 µg), Agumentin (30 µg), Gentamycin (10 µg), Streptomycin (30 µg), Ceporex (10 µg), Nalidixic acid (30 µg), Ciprofloxacin (10 µg), Norfloxacin (10 µg), Rifampicin (µg), Erythromycin (µg), Chloramphenicol (µg), Ampiclox (30 µg), Levofloxacin (10µg). A marked level of resistance was observed among the isolates. However, Escherichia coli indicated sensitivity to peflacine, Shigellasp indicated sensitivity to augmentin, Enterococcus and Bacillus species indicated sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and streptomycin respectively.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89547753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sale and consumption of sachet water is common in Owerri metropolis because the consumers believed it was safer than tap or borehole water.The aim of this study was to assess the effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. Fifteen sachet water brands were investigated for a period of four months. They were collected within 24 hours of production and stored at ambient temperature for four months. Samples were taken on monthly basis for enumeration of total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and indicator organisms using APHA and WHO analytical methods. Bacteriological analysis showed that Clets brand had the highest Total heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.7X101cfu/ml, followed by Elevated and Crystal while Ricano had the least count of 3.2x101cfu/ml. Total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform count decreased gradually in all brands throughout this period. Escherichia coli was isolated in three brands. Results from the research indicates that 60% of the brands analyzed met the WHO guideline limit for drinking when stored at ambient temperature within eight weeks period. However, storage beyond this period led to diminished potability of sachet water
{"title":"The effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria","authors":"V. Unegbu, N. Nwachukwu, E. N. Ugbo, A. Ekennia","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017722","url":null,"abstract":"The sale and consumption of sachet water is common in Owerri metropolis because the consumers believed it was safer than tap or borehole water.The aim of this study was to assess the effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. Fifteen sachet water brands were investigated for a period of four months. They were collected within 24 hours of production and stored at ambient temperature for four months. Samples were taken on monthly basis for enumeration of total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and indicator organisms using APHA and WHO analytical methods. Bacteriological analysis showed that Clets brand had the highest Total heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.7X101cfu/ml, followed by Elevated and Crystal while Ricano had the least count of 3.2x101cfu/ml. Total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform count decreased gradually in all brands throughout this period. Escherichia coli was isolated in three brands. Results from the research indicates that 60% of the brands analyzed met the WHO guideline limit for drinking when stored at ambient temperature within eight weeks period. However, storage beyond this period led to diminished potability of sachet water","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88633072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arun Thangave, C. Rajamanickam, O. Sahu, S. Ponnappan, Gezahegn Abawa, Abenezer Tadele
In the present research, a total of 27 Wound swab samples were collected for the isolation of Methicillin Resistant-Coagulase Negative Staphylococci. Out of these, 3.7% of the samples have been shown the presence of Methicillin Resistant-CoagulaseNegative Staphylococci (MR-CoNS). The preliminary coagulase activity has been identified by Coagulase slide and tube method. The HiCrome MeReSa agar medium has been used for the preliminary identification of Methicillin resistance. During the isolation, the other strains of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (29.6%), Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (44.4%) have been also isolated. 6 samples (22.2%) were sterile. The genomic DNA was isolated from Methicillin resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococciand other species of Staphylococcithrough Modified DNA extraction method. The isolated DNA was amplified through the thermal cycler using suitable forwardand reverse oligonucleotide primers, for the amplification of 527bp of mecA gene. The amplified DNA product has been identified by agarose gel electrophoresis using suitable 100bp ladder marker.
{"title":"Molecular detection of mecA gene from Methicillin Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci","authors":"Arun Thangave, C. Rajamanickam, O. Sahu, S. Ponnappan, Gezahegn Abawa, Abenezer Tadele","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017723","url":null,"abstract":"In the present research, a total of 27 Wound swab samples were collected for the isolation of Methicillin Resistant-Coagulase Negative Staphylococci. Out of these, 3.7% of the samples have been shown the presence of Methicillin Resistant-CoagulaseNegative Staphylococci (MR-CoNS). The preliminary coagulase activity has been identified by Coagulase slide and tube method. The HiCrome MeReSa agar medium has been used for the preliminary identification of Methicillin resistance. During the isolation, the other strains of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (29.6%), Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (44.4%) have been also isolated. 6 samples (22.2%) were sterile. The genomic DNA was isolated from Methicillin resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococciand other species of Staphylococcithrough Modified DNA extraction method. The isolated DNA was amplified through the thermal cycler using suitable forwardand reverse oligonucleotide primers, for the amplification of 527bp of mecA gene. The amplified DNA product has been identified by agarose gel electrophoresis using suitable 100bp ladder marker.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85119838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ginger, the rhizome of the Zingiber officinale, a herbaceous tropical perennial plant which belong to the family Zingiberaceae. Ginger is a non-toxic highly promising natural compound having a wide spectrum of biological functions. In this study, selected bioactive components of ginger were computationally evaluated for therapeutic potential in relevance to human diseases using standard bioinformatics tools such as Pubchem, Swisstargetprediction and Swissadme. The result of this study showed that most of the targets obtained such as 5- hydroxytryptamine receptors, carbonic anhydrases and zinc finger proteins, have not been adequately researched in relation to the therapeutic potential of ginger. Ginger showed high potential in the prevention and management of cancer, neurodegenerative dementia and cardiovascular diseases in human, which could be administered alone or in combination with other drugs. Keyword: Ginger, Zingiber officinale, Target prediction, Computational pharmacokinetics, Human diseases, 5- Hydroxytryptamine receptors, Carbonic anhydrases, Zinc finger proteins.
{"title":"Computational Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics and Potential Protein Targets of Ginger (Zingiber officinale)","authors":"D. M. Sanni, T. Fatoki","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017713","url":null,"abstract":"Ginger, the rhizome of the Zingiber officinale, a herbaceous tropical perennial plant which belong to the family Zingiberaceae. Ginger is a non-toxic highly promising natural compound having a wide spectrum of biological functions. In this study, selected bioactive components of ginger were computationally evaluated for therapeutic potential in relevance to human diseases using standard bioinformatics tools such as Pubchem, Swisstargetprediction and Swissadme. The result of this study showed that most of the targets obtained such as 5- hydroxytryptamine receptors, carbonic anhydrases and zinc finger proteins, have not been adequately researched in relation to the therapeutic potential of ginger. Ginger showed high potential in the prevention and management of cancer, neurodegenerative dementia and cardiovascular diseases in human, which could be administered alone or in combination with other drugs. Keyword: Ginger, Zingiber officinale, Target prediction, Computational pharmacokinetics, Human diseases, 5- Hydroxytryptamine receptors, Carbonic anhydrases, Zinc finger proteins.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"14-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74054147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vyomesh Vibhaw, K. Pranay, Krishnadutt Pratihast, B. B. Mishra, S. R. Padmadeo
The isolation and screening of antibiotic resistance strains from three samples sites present in and around hospital of Patna resulted in isolation of 300 bacterial isolates. Out of which maximum number of isolates were obtained from site B while site A gave least number of isolates. 89 bacterial strains showed antibiotic resistance. Among these 89 isolates Site B had maximum number of antibiotic resistant isolates (51) followed by site C with 33 isolates. Among the four groups of antibiotic selected for investigation, the isolates showed highest antibiotic resistance against fluoroquinolones with 1, 20 and 14 isolates from site A, site B and site C respectively showing antibiotic resistance. Site B isolates showed significant resistance against group III (aminoglycosides) antibiotic. Site C isolates also showed maximum resistance against Group IV antibiotics followed by Group II, III and Group I. Site A sample showed resistance against Ciprofloxacin, however it showed sensitivity against all other antibiotics. Study showed that there was a dynamic flux in the response of E. coli strains against antibiotic. Antibiotic resistant E. coli was present in wastewater. Key words: bacterial isolates, antibiotic resistance, E. coli.
{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria Associated in Waters Discharges of a Hospital in Patna","authors":"Vyomesh Vibhaw, K. Pranay, Krishnadutt Pratihast, B. B. Mishra, S. R. Padmadeo","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017712","url":null,"abstract":"The isolation and screening of antibiotic resistance strains from three samples sites present in and around hospital of Patna resulted in isolation of 300 bacterial isolates. Out of which maximum number of isolates were obtained from site B while site A gave least number of isolates. 89 bacterial strains showed antibiotic resistance. Among these 89 isolates Site B had maximum number of antibiotic resistant isolates (51) followed by site C with 33 isolates. Among the four groups of antibiotic selected for investigation, the isolates showed highest antibiotic resistance against fluoroquinolones with 1, 20 and 14 isolates from site A, site B and site C respectively showing antibiotic resistance. Site B isolates showed significant resistance against group III (aminoglycosides) antibiotic. Site C isolates also showed maximum resistance against Group IV antibiotics followed by Group II, III and Group I. Site A sample showed resistance against Ciprofloxacin, however it showed sensitivity against all other antibiotics. Study showed that there was a dynamic flux in the response of E. coli strains against antibiotic. Antibiotic resistant E. coli was present in wastewater. Key words: bacterial isolates, antibiotic resistance, E. coli.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82153670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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