Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.115011
Daniel Moreno, Itzik Mizrahi, Yuri Lipkin, Vasiliy Zevin, Elinor Itzhak, Zion Harush
In our study, stress-rupture tests were conducted at elevated temperatures to examine the impact of high temperature on MarM247 LC (low carbon). Our main objective was to investigate the alterations in the microstructure, particularly the carbon precipitation, during long-term stress-rupture tests. It was observed that cracks developed near the sample neck, following the path of the carbides and the gamma matrix, rather than occurring in the gamma-gamma prime eutectic. This occurred despite the formation of carbides because of prolonged exposure to high temperature and load, and the crack propagation did not follow that path. Based on these findings, we suggest that a reduction in the carbon content of Mar-M247 LC can enhance the sample's lifespan when subjected to temperatures below 760˚C and a stress of 690 MPa.
{"title":"Carbides Formation in MarM247 Directional Solidified during Stress-Rupture Test at High Temperature","authors":"Daniel Moreno, Itzik Mizrahi, Yuri Lipkin, Vasiliy Zevin, Elinor Itzhak, Zion Harush","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.115011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.115011","url":null,"abstract":"In our study, stress-rupture tests were conducted at elevated temperatures to examine the impact of high temperature on MarM247 LC (low carbon). Our main objective was to investigate the alterations in the microstructure, particularly the carbon precipitation, during long-term stress-rupture tests. It was observed that cracks developed near the sample neck, following the path of the carbides and the gamma matrix, rather than occurring in the gamma-gamma prime eutectic. This occurred despite the formation of carbides because of prolonged exposure to high temperature and load, and the crack propagation did not follow that path. Based on these findings, we suggest that a reduction in the carbon content of Mar-M247 LC can enhance the sample's lifespan when subjected to temperatures below 760˚C and a stress of 690 MPa.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83525397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article focuses on the study of crushing rocks that can replace clinker in low-carbon cement. A laboratory ball mill was used, varying the duration of the grinding. It has been observed that the specific surface of rocks changes in a nonlinear way with time, due to the agglomeration of particles. To this end, a mathematical model describing this evolution, which considers van der Waals forces, has been proposed. And finally, the model was adjusted regarding the experimental data. The results found show that the present model is more accurate than the classical models, because it considers the agglomeration phenomenon.
{"title":"Study and Modeling of the Grinding Kinetics of Reactive Rocks in a Cement Laboratory","authors":"Seke Vangu Max, Pongo Pongo Charles, Pongo Pongo Kalang Hochéà, Musuamba Kabengele Nathalie, Kisonga Manuku Eric, Mungyeko Bisulandu Baby-Jean Robert","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.116017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.116017","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the study of crushing rocks that can replace clinker in low-carbon cement. A laboratory ball mill was used, varying the duration of the grinding. It has been observed that the specific surface of rocks changes in a nonlinear way with time, due to the agglomeration of particles. To this end, a mathematical model describing this evolution, which considers van der Waals forces, has been proposed. And finally, the model was adjusted regarding the experimental data. The results found show that the present model is more accurate than the classical models, because it considers the agglomeration phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135505518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.116016
Parfait Isidore Mbenkoue Mbida, Déodonne Kunwufine, Charles Bwemba, Michel Mbessa
This article deals with the influence of the partial substitution of bitumen by a mixture of sulphur and tyre and plastic bottle powders on the characterization of asphalt concrete. The approach adopted was to subject a control asphalt concrete to level 2 formulation tests as well as those modified at 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by substituting bitumen with a mixture of tyre powder, plastic bottle powder and sulphur at 40%, 28% and 32% respectively. The results of the PCG, Duriez and rutting tests carried out on the control and modified bituminous concretes (manufactured using the wet process) revealed three (03) major findings, in particular with regard to workability, resistance to simple compression and rutting. The experimental results show an increasing trend in the essential parameters. At 40% substitution, there was a 22.73% increase in compactness, reflecting a significant improvement in the material’s workability. With regard to simple compressive strength, the increase is 34.02% at 40% substitution, highlighting the limitation of crack formation and propagation under heavy precipitation. With regard to rutting, the 16% drop in susceptibility at 40% substitution reflects a significant improvement in the behaviour of the material under dynamic mechanical stresses in heavy precipitation. The improvement in these behaviours results from the insertion of the plastic bottle powder into the interstices of the granular skeleton, thus reducing its cellular structure, and also from the interactions between the sulphur with the tyre powder and the sulphur with the plastic bottle powder, i.e. cross-linking or vulcanisation.
{"title":"Influence of the Partial Substitution of Bitumen by a Mixture of Sulphur and Tyre and Plastic Bottle Powders on the Behaviour of Bituminous Concrete","authors":"Parfait Isidore Mbenkoue Mbida, Déodonne Kunwufine, Charles Bwemba, Michel Mbessa","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.116016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.116016","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the influence of the partial substitution of bitumen by a mixture of sulphur and tyre and plastic bottle powders on the characterization of asphalt concrete. The approach adopted was to subject a control asphalt concrete to level 2 formulation tests as well as those modified at 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by substituting bitumen with a mixture of tyre powder, plastic bottle powder and sulphur at 40%, 28% and 32% respectively. The results of the PCG, Duriez and rutting tests carried out on the control and modified bituminous concretes (manufactured using the wet process) revealed three (03) major findings, in particular with regard to workability, resistance to simple compression and rutting. The experimental results show an increasing trend in the essential parameters. At 40% substitution, there was a 22.73% increase in compactness, reflecting a significant improvement in the material’s workability. With regard to simple compressive strength, the increase is 34.02% at 40% substitution, highlighting the limitation of crack formation and propagation under heavy precipitation. With regard to rutting, the 16% drop in susceptibility at 40% substitution reflects a significant improvement in the behaviour of the material under dynamic mechanical stresses in heavy precipitation. The improvement in these behaviours results from the insertion of the plastic bottle powder into the interstices of the granular skeleton, thus reducing its cellular structure, and also from the interactions between the sulphur with the tyre powder and the sulphur with the plastic bottle powder, i.e. cross-linking or vulcanisation.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The physical transformations in terms of contraction of okra dimensions during convective drying were examined. During drying, the lateral and longitudinal dimensions of okra decrease over time. The lateral dimensions go from their initial value to around 53%, 65% and 66% of this value after 530 min. The length of the two samples used goes from 8.65 and 9.02 cm to 6.79 and 7.52 cm after 14,300 min, i.e. a variation of 78.50% and 83.37%. All the two directions give variations almost linear depending on the water content. These linear contractions result in a volume contraction of the okra. It considerably decreases in volume during the drying process. The volume goes from 831.32 cm3 to 367.57 cm3 in min, a variation of 44.22%. The isotropic index reveals that okra does not behave the same in the lateral and longitudinal directions. It contracts its diameter more than its length.
{"title":"Physical Transformations of Agri-Food Products during Their Convective Drying: Characterization of the Contraction and Isotropicity of Okra","authors":"Kondia Honoré Ouoba, Abdou-Salam Ganame, Désiré Bama, Abdoul Salam Ibrango, Salifou Ouedraogo","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.116018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.116018","url":null,"abstract":"The physical transformations in terms of contraction of okra dimensions during convective drying were examined. During drying, the lateral and longitudinal dimensions of okra decrease over time. The lateral dimensions go from their initial value to around 53%, 65% and 66% of this value after 530 min. The length of the two samples used goes from 8.65 and 9.02 cm to 6.79 and 7.52 cm after 14,300 min, i.e. a variation of 78.50% and 83.37%. All the two directions give variations almost linear depending on the water content. These linear contractions result in a volume contraction of the okra. It considerably decreases in volume during the drying process. The volume goes from 831.32 cm3 to 367.57 cm3 in min, a variation of 44.22%. The isotropic index reveals that okra does not behave the same in the lateral and longitudinal directions. It contracts its diameter more than its length.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135505546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.115012
J. C. Bidoung, Léon Arnaud Mpoung, J. Mbey, Jean Raymond Lucien Meva’a
{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Fired Clay Bricks after Exposure to High Temperatures","authors":"J. C. Bidoung, Léon Arnaud Mpoung, J. Mbey, Jean Raymond Lucien Meva’a","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.115012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.115012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79291275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.112004
Rokhaya Gueye, Nango Gaye, Ousmane Ka, M. Balde, Adama Diédhiou, Ngoné Diouf, S. Ndoye, I. Ndoye, Y. Tine, Rokhaya Gueye, M. Diop, M. Seck, D. Fall, A. Wélé
{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Mineralogical Characterizations of Tchiky Clays (Thies, Senegal) for Pharmaceutical Uses","authors":"Rokhaya Gueye, Nango Gaye, Ousmane Ka, M. Balde, Adama Diédhiou, Ngoné Diouf, S. Ndoye, I. Ndoye, Y. Tine, Rokhaya Gueye, M. Diop, M. Seck, D. Fall, A. Wélé","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.112004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81118093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.114009
Kofi Asante-Kyei, A. Addae, Ahmed Aflo
{"title":"Developing Recipe from Local Ceramic Raw Materials for Making Crucibles in Ghana","authors":"Kofi Asante-Kyei, A. Addae, Ahmed Aflo","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.114009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.114009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87409612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2023.114008
Isabelle Linda He, Grah Patrick Atheba, N’guadi Blaise Allou, P. Drogui, My Ali Ei Khakani, G. Gbassi
{"title":"Physic, Chemical and Mineralogical Characterizations of Clays Used in the Making of Traditional Ceramics in the City of Katiola, C ôte d’Ivoire","authors":"Isabelle Linda He, Grah Patrick Atheba, N’guadi Blaise Allou, P. Drogui, My Ali Ei Khakani, G. Gbassi","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2023.114008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2023.114008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75499185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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