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Hybrid Composite Based on Natural Rubber Reinforced with Short Fibers of the Triumfetta cordifolia/Saccharum officinarum L.: Performance Evaluation 基于天然橡胶增强短纤维的甘露/糖蜜复合材料性能评价
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.105027
A. Njom, A. Mewoli, Marie Josette Ndengue, F. B. Ebanda, Augustine Demze Nitidem, Sandrine Biloa Otiti, Yannick Devario Youssi Bang, Legrand Ndoumou Belinga, Pierre Marcel Anicet Noah, A. Ateba
This article contributes to the development of the new class of fully biode-gradable “green” composites by combining fibers (natural/bio) with biode-gradable resin. The vegetable fibers (Triumfetta cordifolia and sugarcane bagasse) treated with NaOH and bleached were incorporated into a natural rubber matrix. The influence of the fiber ratio on the physical properties, tensile strength and surface hardness of the hybrid composites was analyzed. The results show that the addition of fibers in the natural rubber matrix increases the water absorption capacity but gradually reduces it with increasing fiber ratio. The hybrid composites of the NRT50-50B proportions show the best tensile strengths at 20 phr and a shore A hardness of 43.7 at 30 phr. The combination of two fibers has improved the physical and mechanical properties of the hybrid composites which can be used in engineering applications.
本文通过将天然/生物纤维与生物可降解树脂相结合,为开发新型完全生物可降解的“绿色”复合材料做出了贡献。将植物纤维(甘蔗渣和花椰菜纤维)经氢氧化钠漂白后掺入天然橡胶基质中。分析了纤维配比对混杂复合材料物理性能、抗拉强度和表面硬度的影响。结果表明:在天然橡胶基体中加入纤维,吸水能力增加,但随着纤维比的增加,吸水能力逐渐降低;NRT50-50B混杂复合材料在20phr时抗拉强度最高,在30phr时邵氏硬度为43.7。两种纤维的结合改善了混杂复合材料的物理力学性能,可用于工程应用。
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引用次数: 5
Experimental Alternative to the Determination of the Thermal Dependence of the Complex Modulus of Asphalt Mixes in Dry Tropical Areas 干燥热带地区沥青混合料复合模量热依赖性测定的实验替代
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.103021
Sidpouita Mathilde Koudougou, G. C. Tubreoumya, D. Toguyeni, Tégawendé Justin Zaida
Current pavement design methods do not allow for the reduction of early deformation of the surface layers of bituminous pavements in the city of Ouagadougou. Weather conditions combined with traffic, particularly during heat waves, are factors. The temperature at the surface of the bituminous pavement can reach 62˚C but the complex modulus associated with this temperature is not taken into account in the design, hence the interest in pro-posing laws of dependence of the complex moduli is taken into account in the maximum temperatures of the pavement surface. The objective of this paper is to propose an experimental method to determine the temperature dependence of the complex moduli of asphalt mixes for temperatures between 40˚C and 70˚C. This experimental method consists of performing axial compression tests on cylindrical asphalt specimens. It was applied to three different formulas of bituminous mixes, intended for the wearing course, obtained from mixes of crushed granites, granular classes 6/10, 4/6 and 0/4, pure bitumens of grade 50/70, 35/50 and modified bitumen of grade 10/65. The com-parative study of the experimental results obtained with the results of a semi-empirical ing the modulus of rigidity for design purposes under real pavement exposure conditions in the city of Ouagadougou during heat waves.
在瓦加杜古市,目前的路面设计方法不允许减少沥青路面表层的早期变形。天气状况和交通状况,特别是在热浪期间,都是影响因素。沥青路面表面温度可达62℃,但设计中未考虑与该温度相关的复模量,因此在路面最高温度中考虑复模量的依赖规律。本文的目的是提出一种实验方法来确定温度在40˚C和70˚C之间的沥青混合料的复杂模量的温度依赖性。该试验方法包括对圆柱形沥青试件进行轴压试验。将其应用于三种不同配方的耐磨沥青混合料中,这些混合料由破碎的花岗岩、6/10、4/6和0/4颗粒级、50/70、35/50级纯沥青和10/65级改性沥青混合料制成。将实验结果与瓦加杜古市高温条件下路面实际暴露条件下设计用刚度模量的半经验计算结果进行对比研究。
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引用次数: 1
Fabrication, Characterization and Machining of Al6061 Reinforced with Red Mud Composite 赤泥复合材料增强Al6061的制备、表征及加工
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.101003
P. Chandra, V. Kumar, R. Kiran, D. R. Kumar, C. P. Rao, R. Suresh
The Metal Matrix Composites application has increased in many areas of science and technology, because of its additional physical, wear and mechanical properties. In comparison with all MMC’s, aluminum-based MMC’s are finding wide applications due to their better strength to weight ratio, better stiffness, and high thermal conductivity as well as very good wear and corrosion properties. The properties of a composite mainly depend on better distribution of reinforcement in the matrix, which is very difficult to achieve. Basically Redmud is a byproduct of alumina, and it is waste product obtained during Bayer’s process. This waste product must be recycled else it may be dangerous to the environment. Redmud can be used as reinforcement for aluminium composites in order to achieve better properties. The proposed research work includes preparation of Aluminum 6061-Red mud metal matrix composites using liquid metallurgy route following stir casting technique. An alloy Al6061 containing 0.60 percent silicon and Magnesium of 0.82 percent was used as the matrix material. Two different compositions of the Aluminum 6061-Red mud composites are prepared in addition to the base matrix and evaluated for mechanical properties also the force acting on the cutting tool at different spindle speeds during machining of the composite materials were analyzed.
由于金属基复合材料具有额外的物理、磨损和机械性能,因此在许多科学技术领域的应用越来越多。与所有MMC相比,铝基MMC由于其更好的强度重量比、更好的刚度、高导热性以及非常好的磨损和腐蚀性能而得到广泛应用。复合材料的性能主要取决于增强在基体中的更好分布,这是很难实现的。红泥基本上是氧化铝的副产品,是拜耳公司在生产过程中获得的废料。这种废物必须回收利用,否则会对环境造成危害。赤泥可以作为铝复合材料的增强剂,以获得更好的性能。提出的研究工作包括采用搅拌铸造后液相冶金路线制备铝6061-赤泥金属基复合材料。基体材料为硅含量为0.60%、镁含量为0.82%的合金Al6061。在基础基体的基础上制备了两种不同成分的铝-赤泥复合材料,对复合材料的力学性能进行了评价,并分析了复合材料在不同主轴转速下对刀具的作用力。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanism of Cluster Formation on Cerium Borosilicate Glasses Based on TEM-EDP and SEM-EDEX Investigations 基于TEM-EDP和SEM-EDEX的硼硅铈玻璃团簇形成机理研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.102012
Salma Ahmeed, G. Damrawi
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引用次数: 0
Suitability of Suluu-Terek Basalt Deposits for Stone Casting 苏鲁—特力克玄武岩矿床适宜铸石
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.101001
Zh.K. Aidaraliev, Imiyla Rysbaeva, R. Atyrova, Akimbek Abdykalykov, Baktygul Bekbolot Kyzy, Chynara Zholdoshova, N. Sopubekov, A. Kuduev, Iurii Dubinin, Z. Abdullaeva
This article is presenting history of stone casting and analysis of basalt raw materials assessment from other countries for stone casting technology and various basalts compositions were considered. Analytical methods for calculating composition of charge require a long calculation time and plotting dia-grams, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. As a research significance, we have proposed an experimental calculation method for calculating raw materials after charging. Analysis of the composition, structure of basalts and charging materials were used in the stone casting technology. According to the comparison method, the required amount of charging materials was calculated for the Suluu-Terek 1, Suluu-Terek 2 and Berestovetsk deposits. The calculated data was confirmed by experimental melts in the process of stone casting.
本文介绍了石材铸造的历史和玄武岩原料的分析,评价了国外的石材铸造工艺和各种玄武岩成分。计算电荷组成的分析方法需要较长的计算时间和绘制图表,每种方法都有自己的优点和缺点。作为研究意义,我们提出了一种计算原料加料后的实验计算方法。对玄武岩的组成、结构及浇注料进行了分析。根据比较法,计算了Suluu-Terek 1、Suluu-Terek 2和别列斯托韦茨克矿床所需的充注材料量。通过铸石过程中熔体的实验验证了计算结果。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of the Activity, Mineralogy and Correlations between the Properties of Clayey Soils 粘性土的活性、矿物学特征及其性质之间的相关性
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.105029
L. Ahouet, Sorel Dzaba, Brice Dublin Mbossa Elenga, Sylvain Ndinga Okina, Fabien T. Kimbatsa
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of Mineral Elements Content of Senegal Fruits 塞内加尔水果矿质元素含量的评价
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.102013
Rokhaya Gueye, Jérôme Ledauphin, F. Baraud, L. Leleyter, M. Lemoine, Rokhaya Gueye, Adama Diédhiou, M. Balde, Nango Gaye, M. Seck, D. Fall, A. Wélé
This study determined mineral value and antioxidant activity of Senegal fruits for contributing to improving healthy diet and preventing some chronic diseases. Mineral element contents of Dialium guineense, Landolphia heudelotti, Mangifera indica, Cyperus esculentus and Saba senegalensis, which are widely available and consumed, were studied. The results by ICP-OES spectrophotometry after acid mineralization showed highest levels of (per 100 g fruits), calcium (158 mg), potassium (1018 mg), magnesium (532 mg), zinc (26 mg) with juice of Landolphia heudelotti fruit pulp. Mangifera indica pulp is richer in sodium (89 mg), phosphorus (556 mg), sulphur (384 mg) and silicon (110 mg). Dialium senegalensis pulp is richer in iron (23 mg) and manganese (19 mg). Lyophilized Cyperus esculentus rhizomes analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry gave highest concentrations of (per 100 g fruits), calcium (2550 mg), potassium (11,843 mg) and magnesium (7669 mg) but sodium content (22 mg) is lower. In vitro antioxidant activity evaluation with the DPPH radical showed for 10 mg/ml concentration, highest inhibition percentage for Saba senegalensis 4.03%, followed by Landolphia heudelotti and Dialium guineense, which were significantly similar 2.29% and 2.20% respectively, Mangifera indica 1.7% and finally Cyperus esculentus 0.5%, but much lower compared to the ascorbic acid equal to 96.32% used as a reference.
本研究确定了塞内加尔水果的矿物质价值和抗氧化活性,有助于改善健康饮食和预防一些慢性疾病。本文研究了几内亚酸钠、山茱萸、芒果、沙柏和塞内加尔沙巴这几种常见的矿质元素含量。酸矿化后的ICP-OES分光光度法测定结果显示,每100 g果中钙(158 mg)、钾(1018 mg)、镁(532 mg)、锌(26 mg)含量最高。芒果果肉富含钠(89毫克)、磷(556毫克)、硫(384毫克)和硅(110毫克)。塞内加尔钠浆富含铁(23毫克)和锰(19毫克)。原子吸收分光光度法分析冻干香柏根状茎的钙(2550 mg)、钾(11,843 mg)和镁(7669 mg)含量最高(每100 g果实),但钠含量较低(22 mg)。DPPH自由基体外抗氧化活性评价结果显示,当DPPH浓度为10 mg/ml时,对senegalensis的抑制率最高,为4.03%,其次是Landolphia heudelotti和Dialium guineense,其抑制率分别为2.29%和2.20%,Mangifera indica为1.7%,最后是Cyperus esculentus为0.5%,但远低于作为参考的抗坏血酸96.32%。
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引用次数: 2
Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusion during Steelmaking Process of Cold Heading Steel SWRCH35K SWRCH35K冷镦钢炼钢过程中非金属夹杂物的演变
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.105031
Mengxiong Li, Qi Xu, Jianli Li
{"title":"Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusion during Steelmaking Process of Cold Heading Steel SWRCH35K","authors":"Mengxiong Li, Qi Xu, Jianli Li","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.105031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.105031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86884053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Characterization of Two Clay Raw Materials from Côte d’Ivoire with a View to Enhancing Them in Eco-Construction Côte科特迪瓦两种粘土原料的表征及其在生态建设中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.102016
Lébé Prisca M.-S. Kouakou, Alfred Niamien Kouamé, Bi Irié Hervé Gouré Doubi, N. Méité, Jean Thierry Kangah, Esmel Privat Zokou, L. Konan, Y. J. Andji-Yapi
This study was carried out with a view to appreciate the value of clay, raw materials in eco-construction. To achieve this, we sampled two clay raw materials denoted Aga and Bak and then characterized. The results obtained from geotechnical and mineralogical tests have shown that the clay samples Aga and Bak are fine soils moderately plastic class A soils consisting essen-tially of quartz with 73.13% and 74.56% respectively for Aga and Bak and clay minerals (kaolinite and illite) with 12.73% kaolinite and 8.55% illite for Aga against 8.31% kaolinite and 13.72% for Bak. Moreover, these samples do not contain swelling clays and contain a sufficient quantity of iron oxides which allows them to be valued in ceramics, in particular in compressed earth bricks (CEB).
本研究旨在充分认识粘土这一原料在生态建设中的价值。为了实现这一点,我们采样了两种粘土原料,分别为Aga和Bak,然后进行了表征。土工、矿物学试验结果表明,阿迦和巴克粘土样品均为细土、中等塑性A类土,主要成分为石英(阿迦和巴克分别占73.13%和74.56%)和粘土矿物(高岭石和伊利石)(阿迦高岭石12.73%、伊利石8.55%,巴克高岭石8.31%、13.72%)。此外,这些样品不含膨胀粘土,并含有足够数量的氧化铁,这使得它们在陶瓷中,特别是在压缩土砖(CEB)中具有价值。
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引用次数: 1
Mechanical Properties, Metallurgical Characteristics and Anisotropy of Additive Manufacturing of 316L 增材制造316L合金的力学性能、冶金特性及各向异性
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2022.102017
D. Moreno, Y. Nahmana, O. Nafman, O. Kam, B. Wolfman, A. Cohen, M. Shapira
{"title":"Mechanical Properties, Metallurgical Characteristics and Anisotropy of Additive Manufacturing of 316L","authors":"D. Moreno, Y. Nahmana, O. Nafman, O. Kam, B. Wolfman, A. Cohen, M. Shapira","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79437106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering
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