Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1838047
E. Hernández-Gómez, J. Olvera-Cervantes, A. Corona‐Chavez, B. Corona-Vasquez, T. Kataria, M. Sosa‐Morales
Abstract The complex relative permittivity study of samples of liberdux® syrup dissolved in distilled–deionized water is presented. It should be mentioned that excess of this syrup as pharmaceutical residual in water is considered an emerging contaminant. The study covers liberdux® concentrations from 0% v/v to 100% v/v, which were measured from 500 MHz to 20 GHz. For each sample, the parameters of the Havriliak–Negami model are presented in the range of measurement. Also, the uncertainty study was carried out to determine the sensitivity of the open coaxial probe and it was established that, for concentrations between 8% v/v and 100% v/v, it is possible to determine the concentration of liberdux® in water by the dielectric constant and the loss factor. In addition, a linear relationship was found between the concentration of liberdux® and the α parameter of the Havriliak–Negami model. The study of liberdux® concentrations was also performed with a spectrophotometer and the Beer–Lambert equation. It was established that the spectrophotometer and the open coaxial probe can be used as complements to measure concentrations, the spectrophotometer being the instrument for measuring low concentrations by absorbance, and the open coaxial probe for high concentrations by microwave permittivity.
{"title":"Detection of an emerging contaminant in water by dielectric properties in microwave range","authors":"E. Hernández-Gómez, J. Olvera-Cervantes, A. Corona‐Chavez, B. Corona-Vasquez, T. Kataria, M. Sosa‐Morales","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1838047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1838047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The complex relative permittivity study of samples of liberdux® syrup dissolved in distilled–deionized water is presented. It should be mentioned that excess of this syrup as pharmaceutical residual in water is considered an emerging contaminant. The study covers liberdux® concentrations from 0% v/v to 100% v/v, which were measured from 500 MHz to 20 GHz. For each sample, the parameters of the Havriliak–Negami model are presented in the range of measurement. Also, the uncertainty study was carried out to determine the sensitivity of the open coaxial probe and it was established that, for concentrations between 8% v/v and 100% v/v, it is possible to determine the concentration of liberdux® in water by the dielectric constant and the loss factor. In addition, a linear relationship was found between the concentration of liberdux® and the α parameter of the Havriliak–Negami model. The study of liberdux® concentrations was also performed with a spectrophotometer and the Beer–Lambert equation. It was established that the spectrophotometer and the open coaxial probe can be used as complements to measure concentrations, the spectrophotometer being the instrument for measuring low concentrations by absorbance, and the open coaxial probe for high concentrations by microwave permittivity.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79726849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1838049
R. Mishra, A. Sharma
Abstract In the present work, microwave energy was used for casting Al 7039 alloy at 2.45 GHz in the ambient cavity environment. Effects of input power and insulation of the mould assembly during irradiation on charge melting and mould preheating were studied. Five different casts were produced at 1000 W, 1200 W, 1400 W, 1400 W with an insulated pouring basin and 1400 W with insulated mould assembly. Melting time of the charge was the least while using 1400 W with insulated mould assembly, whereas preheating of the mould was observed minimum during casting at 1400 W inside an insulated pouring basin. Cast microstructures revealed that less preheating of the mould resulted in finer grains and intermetallics, which improve tensile properties of the cast. Fractographic analyses showed the presence of coarse intermetallics in the casts produced with insulated mould assembly, which resulted in significant reduction of tensile properties.
{"title":"Effect of input microwave power and insulation on microstructure and tensile properties of cast Al 7039 alloy produced at 2.45 GHz","authors":"R. Mishra, A. Sharma","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1838049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1838049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present work, microwave energy was used for casting Al 7039 alloy at 2.45 GHz in the ambient cavity environment. Effects of input power and insulation of the mould assembly during irradiation on charge melting and mould preheating were studied. Five different casts were produced at 1000 W, 1200 W, 1400 W, 1400 W with an insulated pouring basin and 1400 W with insulated mould assembly. Melting time of the charge was the least while using 1400 W with insulated mould assembly, whereas preheating of the mould was observed minimum during casting at 1400 W inside an insulated pouring basin. Cast microstructures revealed that less preheating of the mould resulted in finer grains and intermetallics, which improve tensile properties of the cast. Fractographic analyses showed the presence of coarse intermetallics in the casts produced with insulated mould assembly, which resulted in significant reduction of tensile properties.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84082188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1843986
J. Aguilar-Garib
Both microorganisms and viruses are germs; the difference is that the first ones are alive while the viruses are a sort of capsules with genetic material that reproduce themselves by replication in...
{"title":"Editor’s message: the challenge of virus sanitizing with microwaves","authors":"J. Aguilar-Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1843986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1843986","url":null,"abstract":"Both microorganisms and viruses are germs; the difference is that the first ones are alive while the viruses are a sort of capsules with genetic material that reproduce themselves by replication in...","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89458963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1838050
E. Ahmed, Bushra Al-Hasni
Abstract Dielectric properties of a set of glasses having the composition (70-x)%V2O5 - x%ZnO − 10%SrO − 20%FeO is studied in terms of their permittivity and electric modulus. The dielectric data are collected at the frequencies 120, 103, 104 and 105 Hz and in the temperature range 300 − 523 K. The electric moduli are treated with different theoretical models. Good fitting to the experimental data are obtained with Cole–Cole and Davidson–Cole equations. The static relaxation time τ0 values are found to vary between 7.6x10−9 sec and 22.7x10−9 sec, and the parameters α and γ are found to be (α = 0.056 − 0.065) and (γ = 0.94 − 0.95). The calculated optical basicity values are found to decrease with increasing the %ZnO. The molar refractive index is found to be between 2.6 and 3.2. The calculated single bond strength values suggest the transfer of bond nature from the covalent to the ionic form. The obtained third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) results and electronic polarizability calculations suggests these glasses to be good nominees for nonlinear optical applications.
{"title":"Dielectric properties, polarizability and molar refractive index of some VSrFeZnO glasses","authors":"E. Ahmed, Bushra Al-Hasni","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1838050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1838050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dielectric properties of a set of glasses having the composition (70-x)%V2O5 - x%ZnO − 10%SrO − 20%FeO is studied in terms of their permittivity and electric modulus. The dielectric data are collected at the frequencies 120, 103, 104 and 105 Hz and in the temperature range 300 − 523 K. The electric moduli are treated with different theoretical models. Good fitting to the experimental data are obtained with Cole–Cole and Davidson–Cole equations. The static relaxation time τ0 values are found to vary between 7.6x10−9 sec and 22.7x10−9 sec, and the parameters α and γ are found to be (α = 0.056 − 0.065) and (γ = 0.94 − 0.95). The calculated optical basicity values are found to decrease with increasing the %ZnO. The molar refractive index is found to be between 2.6 and 3.2. The calculated single bond strength values suggest the transfer of bond nature from the covalent to the ionic form. The obtained third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) results and electronic polarizability calculations suggests these glasses to be good nominees for nonlinear optical applications.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82855260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1800336
Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib
Coronavirus is a family of viruses, which are the cause of respiratory illnesses, and circulate among humans and animals. One of them, SARS-COV2, produces an illness known as COVID-19, which is ext...
{"title":"Editor’s message: a glance to virtual conferences","authors":"Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1800336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1800336","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus is a family of viruses, which are the cause of respiratory illnesses, and circulate among humans and animals. One of them, SARS-COV2, produces an illness known as COVID-19, which is ext...","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84725643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-21DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1794724
Habib Dogan, I. Basyigit, A. Genç
Abstract In order to exploit the use of remote sensing, microwave heating/drying and water stress in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to determine the dielectric properties of plant materials (branches, leaves, roots, fruits). In this way, the yield and quality of agricultural products can be increased. In this study, dielectric parameters of the sweet cherry and sour cherry leaves are measured by waveguide transmission line Method. The dielectric properties of the leaves (varying moisture content) are measured over a frequency ranging from (3.30–7.05 GHz) using WR229 (3.30–4.90 GHz) and WR159 (4.90–7.05 GHz) waveguide structures. A novel curve fitting technique is used to characterize dielectric properties of sweet cherry leaves. In order to verify the accuracy of the model the data obtained using this methodology is compared with measurement data of sour cherry leaves belonging to the same family. The determination coefficient R2 of the model for WR229 and WR159 are 0.996 and 0.998, respectively. Similarly, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values of the model for WR229 and WR159 are 0.852 and 0.236, respectively.
{"title":"Determination and modelling of dielectric properties of the cherry leaves of varying moisture content over 3.30–7.05 GHz frequency range","authors":"Habib Dogan, I. Basyigit, A. Genç","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1794724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1794724","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to exploit the use of remote sensing, microwave heating/drying and water stress in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to determine the dielectric properties of plant materials (branches, leaves, roots, fruits). In this way, the yield and quality of agricultural products can be increased. In this study, dielectric parameters of the sweet cherry and sour cherry leaves are measured by waveguide transmission line Method. The dielectric properties of the leaves (varying moisture content) are measured over a frequency ranging from (3.30–7.05 GHz) using WR229 (3.30–4.90 GHz) and WR159 (4.90–7.05 GHz) waveguide structures. A novel curve fitting technique is used to characterize dielectric properties of sweet cherry leaves. In order to verify the accuracy of the model the data obtained using this methodology is compared with measurement data of sour cherry leaves belonging to the same family. The determination coefficient R2 of the model for WR229 and WR159 are 0.996 and 0.998, respectively. Similarly, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values of the model for WR229 and WR159 are 0.852 and 0.236, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87377942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1794722
A. O. Kizilçay, Y. Akinay
Abstract In this paper, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness results of the plain weave composite fabric and the analytical solution of metal mesh were investigated. The composite fabric made of cotton yarns twisted with 50 µm copper filaments was used in the experiment. As the fabric was weaved and stretched, it had square shaped apertures which had length of 1.2 mm. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of these fabrics was measured in the frequency range of 1.7–2.6 GHz via WR430 waveguide system. In order to model the shielding results of the aforementioned fabric, an analytical solution which facilitates to calculate shielding effectiveness of metal mesh, was taken into consideration. Due to the physical similarity between the fabric geometry and metal mesh structure, the values of fabric characteristics were substituted in analytical solution. A statistical approach showed that the measured SE results of plain weave composite fabric fitted in the analytical solution for metal mesh in 1.82–2.6 GHz frequency range with strength of 30–36 dB. Thus, depending on desired shielding efficiency the physical texture of shielding fabric can be determined analytically.
{"title":"Equivalent analytical model of plain weave composite fabric for electromagnetic shielding applications","authors":"A. O. Kizilçay, Y. Akinay","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1794722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1794722","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness results of the plain weave composite fabric and the analytical solution of metal mesh were investigated. The composite fabric made of cotton yarns twisted with 50 µm copper filaments was used in the experiment. As the fabric was weaved and stretched, it had square shaped apertures which had length of 1.2 mm. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of these fabrics was measured in the frequency range of 1.7–2.6 GHz via WR430 waveguide system. In order to model the shielding results of the aforementioned fabric, an analytical solution which facilitates to calculate shielding effectiveness of metal mesh, was taken into consideration. Due to the physical similarity between the fabric geometry and metal mesh structure, the values of fabric characteristics were substituted in analytical solution. A statistical approach showed that the measured SE results of plain weave composite fabric fitted in the analytical solution for metal mesh in 1.82–2.6 GHz frequency range with strength of 30–36 dB. Thus, depending on desired shielding efficiency the physical texture of shielding fabric can be determined analytically.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85609640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1794721
P. Mande, N. Sekar
Abstract Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and conventional hydrodistillation (MAHD and HD) were used for a comparative study of extraction Callistemon citrinus Skeels leaf essential oils. The time required for a MAHD method is 75 minutes that for HD method is 3.5 hours, so MAHD requires lesser time. The increases in yield of extracted oil by MAHD (0.84%) is found compared oil extracted by HD (0.6%). Essential oils were examined by GC–MS. MAHD extracted essential oils were wealthier in oxygenated molecules. The main constituent was 1, 8-cineole, followed by α-pinene in the case of MAHD. Percentage of the major component increases from 80% to 90% as compared to HD. Their antibacterial activity was examined on ‘Gram-negative’ and ‘Gram-positive bacteria’. In the case of both bacteria, MAHD extracted oil shows better activity than HD extracted one. Antioxidant action was studied by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay it is shown that MAHD extract has better activity than HD extract. Surface morphology of Callistemon leaves was studied with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) which reveals that the MAHD leaves surface undergo major damage to the conventional HD.
{"title":"Comparison of chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Callistemon citrinus skeels (bottlebrush) essential oil obtained by conventional and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation","authors":"P. Mande, N. Sekar","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1794721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1794721","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and conventional hydrodistillation (MAHD and HD) were used for a comparative study of extraction Callistemon citrinus Skeels leaf essential oils. The time required for a MAHD method is 75 minutes that for HD method is 3.5 hours, so MAHD requires lesser time. The increases in yield of extracted oil by MAHD (0.84%) is found compared oil extracted by HD (0.6%). Essential oils were examined by GC–MS. MAHD extracted essential oils were wealthier in oxygenated molecules. The main constituent was 1, 8-cineole, followed by α-pinene in the case of MAHD. Percentage of the major component increases from 80% to 90% as compared to HD. Their antibacterial activity was examined on ‘Gram-negative’ and ‘Gram-positive bacteria’. In the case of both bacteria, MAHD extracted oil shows better activity than HD extracted one. Antioxidant action was studied by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging and β-carotene/linoleic acid assay it is shown that MAHD extract has better activity than HD extract. Surface morphology of Callistemon leaves was studied with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) which reveals that the MAHD leaves surface undergo major damage to the conventional HD.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83022677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1794725
Linbao Wei, Weiqiang Qiu, Yingshan Jin, Ruilin Zheng, K. Row, Yudong Cheng, Yinzhe Jin
Abstract The effects of different drying methods (hot air drying (HAD), microwave drying (MD), and hot air-microwave combined drying (HAMCD) processes) on the drying characteristics, rehydration ability, colour, texture, moisture state, microstructure, and energy characteristics of tilapia fillets have been investigated. The best rehydration and recovery ratios of tilapia fillets were obtained using HAMCD (58.96 and 39.24%, respectively). Tilapia fillets quickly become a burnt-yellow colour by MD. HAMCD can improve the hardness, chewiness, and elasticity values, and can obtain crispy tilapia fillets. In the moisture state peak image, the symmetry of the T21 (fixed water) peak obtained at 70 °C + 250 W (H3M) was the best with an asymmetry factor (As) of 1.04. In the MRI image, the brightness of the proton density weighted image was arranged from high to low as follows: HAD > HAMCD > MD. Using SEM, the microstructure of the tilapia fillets prepared using HAMCD showed a large number of small holes. The specific energy consumption was reduced ∼1.8 fold and the thermal efficiency increased ∼5 fold using HAMCD when compared with the HAD process. It was concluded that HAMCD can be used for to process tilapia fillets with high quality and low operating costs.
摘要研究了热风干燥(HAD)、微波干燥(MD)和热风-微波复合干燥(HAMCD)工艺对罗非鱼鱼片干燥特性、复水化能力、色泽、质地、水分状态、微观结构和能量特性的影响。采用HAMCD对罗非鱼鱼片的复水率和回收率最高，分别为58.96和39.24%。经MD处理后，罗非鱼鱼片迅速呈焦黄色。hammcd能提高罗非鱼鱼片的硬度、嚼劲和弹性值，并能得到酥脆的罗非鱼鱼片。在水分状态峰图像中，70°C + 250 W (H3M)条件下获得的T21(固定水)峰的对称性最好，不对称系数(As)为1.04。在MRI图像中，质子密度加权图像亮度由高到低排列为:HAD > HAMCD > MD。利用SEM对HAMCD制备的罗非鱼鱼片进行微观结构分析，发现鱼片表面存在大量小孔。与HAD工艺相比，使用HAMCD的比能耗降低了1.8倍，热效率提高了5倍。结果表明，HAMCD可用于罗非鱼鱼片的高质量加工和低成本生产。
{"title":"Effects of different drying methods on quality changes and energy characteristics of tilapia fillets","authors":"Linbao Wei, Weiqiang Qiu, Yingshan Jin, Ruilin Zheng, K. Row, Yudong Cheng, Yinzhe Jin","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1794725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1794725","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of different drying methods (hot air drying (HAD), microwave drying (MD), and hot air-microwave combined drying (HAMCD) processes) on the drying characteristics, rehydration ability, colour, texture, moisture state, microstructure, and energy characteristics of tilapia fillets have been investigated. The best rehydration and recovery ratios of tilapia fillets were obtained using HAMCD (58.96 and 39.24%, respectively). Tilapia fillets quickly become a burnt-yellow colour by MD. HAMCD can improve the hardness, chewiness, and elasticity values, and can obtain crispy tilapia fillets. In the moisture state peak image, the symmetry of the T21 (fixed water) peak obtained at 70 °C + 250 W (H3M) was the best with an asymmetry factor (As) of 1.04. In the MRI image, the brightness of the proton density weighted image was arranged from high to low as follows: HAD > HAMCD > MD. Using SEM, the microstructure of the tilapia fillets prepared using HAMCD showed a large number of small holes. The specific energy consumption was reduced ∼1.8 fold and the thermal efficiency increased ∼5 fold using HAMCD when compared with the HAD process. It was concluded that HAMCD can be used for to process tilapia fillets with high quality and low operating costs.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74521702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2020.1794723
U. Gautam, T. Rawat, Apoorva Aggarwal, D. Upadhyay
Abstract This paper presents a stable, accurate and wideband microwave fractional order differentiator (MFOD) based on infinite impulse response filter. The fractional order differentiator (FOD) design problem is formulated in the z-domain. This formulation alliances with the transmission line elements in cascading. Real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) are applied to determine the optimum values of the characteristic impedances of the transmission line elements. The performance measure criterion of CSA algorithm as compared with other nature inspired algorithms-based differentiator are carried by the magnitude response, absolute magnitude error, phase response, pole-zero response, percentage improvement graph and convergence rate. The simulation and statistical analysis clearly affirm that the proposed MFOD using CSA outperforms RCGA and PSO in all state-of-the-art. The absolute magnitude error for the designed fifth order is as low as 2.9022. The designed fractional order differentiator is implemented in the form of microstrip on RT/Duroid substrate with dielectric constant 2.2 and thickness 0.762 mm. that is eligible for wideband microwave differentiator. The proposed design is compact in size and has low absolute magnitude error over the entire bandwidth. The measured result agrees well with the simulated result in the frequency range 1–12.5 GHz in MATLAB and advanced design software (ADS) environment.
{"title":"Optimal design of compact microwave fractional order differentiator","authors":"U. Gautam, T. Rawat, Apoorva Aggarwal, D. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2020.1794723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2020.1794723","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a stable, accurate and wideband microwave fractional order differentiator (MFOD) based on infinite impulse response filter. The fractional order differentiator (FOD) design problem is formulated in the z-domain. This formulation alliances with the transmission line elements in cascading. Real coded genetic algorithm (RCGA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) are applied to determine the optimum values of the characteristic impedances of the transmission line elements. The performance measure criterion of CSA algorithm as compared with other nature inspired algorithms-based differentiator are carried by the magnitude response, absolute magnitude error, phase response, pole-zero response, percentage improvement graph and convergence rate. The simulation and statistical analysis clearly affirm that the proposed MFOD using CSA outperforms RCGA and PSO in all state-of-the-art. The absolute magnitude error for the designed fifth order is as low as 2.9022. The designed fractional order differentiator is implemented in the form of microstrip on RT/Duroid substrate with dielectric constant 2.2 and thickness 0.762 mm. that is eligible for wideband microwave differentiator. The proposed design is compact in size and has low absolute magnitude error over the entire bandwidth. The measured result agrees well with the simulated result in the frequency range 1–12.5 GHz in MATLAB and advanced design software (ADS) environment.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80302092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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