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Determination of foreign-material content in uncleaned peanuts by microwave measurements and machine learning techniques 用微波测量和机器学习技术测定未清洗花生中的杂质含量
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993047
S. Julrat, S. Trabelsi
Abstract Foreign-material content determination in uncleaned peanuts based on dielectric properties and bulk density measurements by microwave techniques is presented in this paper. A microwave free-space transmission technique was used at 10 GHz. Two measurement systems for measuring the dielectric properties of cleaned unshelled peanuts (nine-peanut pods) and uncleaned unshelled peanuts placed in polycarbonate sample holder (12.1 cm × 21 cm × 20.5 cm) were developed and integrated in one single measuring unit. The nine-peanut-pods system provided the cleaned unshelled peanuts moisture content which was used in the algorithms for foreign material content determination. The dielectric properties and bulk density measurements of the uncleaned unshelled peanut sample were related to the foreign-material content. These parameters, namely bulk density and dielectric properties of uncleaned peanuts and cleaned unshelled moisture content were supplied to machine learning algorithms, linear regression technique and artificial neural network algorithms. Results obtained with the artificial neural network algorithm showed the best estimate of foreign material content with a standard error of performance of 1.36% compared to that obtained with the linear regression algorithm with a standard of performance of 2.39%.
摘要本文介绍了利用微波介电特性和容重测量技术测定花生中杂质含量的方法。在10ghz频段采用了微波自由空间传输技术。开发了两种测量系统,分别用于测量清洗后的脱壳花生(9粒花生荚)和置于聚碳酸酯样品架(12.1 cm × 21 cm × 20.5 cm)中的未清洗脱壳花生的介电特性,并将其集成在一个测量单元中。九个花生豆荚系统提供了清洗后的去壳花生水分含量,用于异物含量测定算法。未清洗花生脱壳样品的介电性能和容重测量与杂质含量有关。这些参数,即未清洗花生的体积密度和介电性能以及清洗后的去壳水分含量,提供给机器学习算法、线性回归技术和人工神经网络算法。人工神经网络算法对外来物质含量的最佳估计性能标准误差为1.36%,而线性回归算法的性能标准误差为2.39%。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the high heating efficiency and uniformity by multi-port sweep frequency microwave irradiations 多端口扫描频率微波辐照的高加热效率和均匀性研究
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993044
W. Yuanyuan, Lan Junqing, Y. Fengming, H. Tao, Yang Yang, Zhu Huacheng, Tang Zhengming
Abstract As a clean energy, microwaves have been widely used in thermal engineering. However, in the traditional microwave heating process, it is difficult to obtain high heating efficiency and uniformity. In this paper, a novel multi-port sweep frequency heating method is proposed to solve this problem. Multi-physics modelling and experiment are carried out to study the mechanism, efficiency, and uniformity of multi-port sweep frequency heating. The simulation and experimental results agree well, which demonstrates the proposed method can make heating more efficient and uniform. In addition, important factors affecting the heating efficiency and uniformity are also discussed, including the multi-port and frequency sweep effects, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves, and the bandwidth of the sweep frequency. This study can help us make better use of microwave energy.
微波作为一种清洁能源,在热能工程中得到了广泛的应用。然而,在传统的微波加热过程中,很难获得高的加热效率和均匀性。本文提出了一种新的多端口扫描频率加热方法来解决这一问题。通过多物理场建模和实验研究了多通道扫频加热的机理、效率和均匀性。仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明该方法可以提高加热效率和加热均匀性。此外,还讨论了影响加热效率和均匀性的重要因素,包括多端口和频率扫描效应、电磁波的极化方向和扫描频率的带宽。这项研究可以帮助我们更好地利用微波能。
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引用次数: 2
Editor message: farewell to our friend Bob Schiffmann 编辑留言:告别我们的朋友鲍勃·希夫曼
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1995954
J. Aguilar-Garib
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引用次数: 0
Machine learning approach to transform scattering parameters to complex permittivities 将散射参数转换为复介电常数的机器学习方法
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993046
Robert Tempke, Liam A Thomas, Christina Wildfire, D. Shekhawat, T. Musho
Abstract This study investigates the application of artificial neural networks to determine the complex dielectric material properties derived from experimental VNA scattering parameter measurements. The study utilizes a finite element approach to synthetically generate data to train the neural network. The neural network was trained using a supervised learning approach and validated using experimental measurement data. The frequency range of interest was between 0.1 and 13.5 GHz with the real part of the dielectric constants ranging from 1 − 100 and the imaginary part ranging from 0 − 0.2. This modelling approach decreases the uncertainty when compared to existing inverse approaches. This approach demonstrates a general framework that can be used for converting experimental or computational derived scattering parameters to complex permittivities.
摘要:本文研究了利用人工神经网络来确定由VNA散射参数测量得到的复杂介电材料特性。该研究利用有限元方法综合生成数据来训练神经网络。神经网络使用监督学习方法进行训练,并使用实验测量数据进行验证。频率范围为0.1 ~ 13.5 GHz,介电常数实部为1 ~ 100,虚部为0 ~ 0.2。与现有的逆方法相比,这种建模方法降低了不确定性。这种方法证明了一个通用的框架,可以用于转换实验或计算导出的散射参数到复杂的介电常数。
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引用次数: 2
Measurement and modelling of dielectric properties of different animal feed resources as a function of feed type and moisture content 不同动物饲料资源介电特性随饲料类型和水分含量变化的测量和建模
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993048
Md Safiqur Rahaman Shishir, M. Jacob, K. Leong, Long Cheng, B. Cullen, G. Brodie
Abstract Dielectric properties of any particular material will determine the level of microwave (MW) heating. Therefore, measurement of the dielectric properties of MW treatment subject materials is necessary. This study investigated the dielectric properties of six roughages and three concentrate animal feeds across the microwave frequency range of 1 × 109 to 5 × 109 Hz. Six treatment groups, named control (at equilibrium moisture constant), oven dried (0% moisture), 25% moisture added, 50% moisture added, 75% moisture added, and 100% moisture added groups were prepared for the study. Three separate replications and five observations for each replication were used to assess the dielectric properties of these materials. The results showed that for increasing moisture content, from oven-dried, though the control status, to 100% added moisture, both the dielectric constant (real part) and the dielectric loss factor (imaginary part) increased for both the roughages and concentrates. However, the responses were not linear. The oven-dried plant samples' dielectric properties were very low compared with those of the higher moisture content samples. Thus, the sample's moisture content was the dominant contributor to the feed samples' dielectric behavior. Among all the feed samples, faba bean and wheat grain showed the highest response to added moisture. Mathematical models were developed to explain the dielectric properties of feeds as a function of frequency and moisture content. The goodness of fit (r2) for these models' real part varied between 0.85–0.99 for roughage and 0.98–0.99 for concentrate feed type. On the other hand, the goodness of fit for the imaginary part varied between 0.59–0.78 for roughage, and 0.81–0.93 for concentrate feeds.
摘要任何特定材料的介电性能都将决定其微波加热水平。因此,对微波处理主体材料的介电性能进行测量是必要的。研究了6种粗饲料和3种精料饲料在1 × 109 ~ 5 × 109 Hz微波频率范围内的介电特性。试验设6个处理组,分别为对照组(平衡水分常数)、烘箱干燥组(0%水分)、25%加水组、50%加水组、75%加水组和100%加水组。三个单独的复制和五个观察为每个复制被用来评估这些材料的介电性能。结果表明,随着水分含量的增加,粗料和精矿的介电常数(实部)和介电损耗因子(虚部)均有所增加。然而,这些反应并不是线性的。与高含水率的样品相比,烘干后的植物样品的介电性能很低。因此,样品的水分含量是主要贡献者饲料样品的介电行为。在所有饲料样品中,蚕豆和小麦籽粒对添加水分的响应最大。建立了数学模型来解释饲料的介电特性作为频率和水分含量的函数。模型实部拟合优度(r2)在粗饲料型0.85 ~ 0.99之间,精料型0.98 ~ 0.99之间。粗料虚部拟合优度在0.59 ~ 0.78之间,精料在0.81 ~ 0.93之间。
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引用次数: 0
Prenatal chronic exposure to electromagnetic fields modulated adenosine deaminase activity in serum and brain of Wistar rats’ offspring 产前慢性电磁场暴露对Wistar大鼠子代血清和脑腺苷脱氨酶活性的影响
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993045
B. Mohammadi, M. Sadegh, Homa Soleimani
Abstract Considering the importance of the embryonic stage, we investigated the brain and serum ADA of offspring chronically exposed to low and high frequency electromagnetic field (EMF-LF/HF) during their embryonic period. Male and female rats were randomly selected for mating. After mating, the females were divided into four groups. The first group was exposed to extremely EMF-LF (50 Hz) through a solenoid for 30 minutes per day, the second group was constantly exposed to EMF-HF (900 MHz) via a cell phone, the third group (sham) was placed inside solenoid without any exposure, and the last group (control) was placed in their cage. The brain and serum samples of offspring (6 females and 6 males in each group) were collected four weeks after birth. ADA was measured by a specific enzymatic kit and a spectrophotometer. Exposure to EMF-LF (1.5 mT) was significantly increased the brain ADA activity in both male and female offspring. In addition, long-term HF exposure significantly enhanced serum ADA activity in males in compared with control group but, the brain ADA level was increased significantly in both genders(p < 0.01). The present study revealed alterations in the serum and brain ADA following embryonic exposure to HF and ELF. These alterations depended on gender, frequency and wave intensity.
摘要考虑到胚胎期的重要性,我们研究了长期暴露于低频和高频电磁场(EMF-LF/HF)的子代胚胎期脑和血清ADA的变化。随机选择雄性和雌性大鼠进行交配。交配后,雌性被分成四组。第一组每天通过螺线管暴露在极低频电磁场(50赫兹)下30分钟,第二组通过手机持续暴露在高频电磁场(900兆赫)下,第三组(假组)被放置在螺线管内而没有任何暴露,最后一组(对照组)被放置在笼子里。子代(每组6公6母)出生4周后采集脑和血清样本。用特异性酶试剂盒和分光光度计测定ADA。暴露于EMF-LF (1.5 mT)显著增加了雄性和雌性后代的大脑ADA活性。与对照组相比,长期HF暴露显著提高了男性血清ADA活性,而男性脑组织ADA水平显著升高(p < 0.01)。本研究揭示了胚胎暴露于HF和ELF后血清和脑ADA的变化。这些变化取决于性别、频率和波的强度。
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引用次数: 0
Extraction of nano-metals with judicious combination of microwave heating and acid leaching process from E-waste 微波加热-酸浸法制备电子垃圾中纳米金属的研究
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1952833
S. Srikant, R. Mahapatra, R. Rao
Abstract The main aim of the present investigation is to develop and synthesis the precious nano-metals such as nano gold and its by product components such as nano copper, nano silver etc. The investigations were basically consisting of two level environmental friendly process i.e., recovering of the gold from discarded E-waste components and secondly with the proper reaction after boiling. The precious nano materials so obtained will be very much useful for sensors, organic photovoltaic materials, other electronic conductors, probes, drugs and medicines in bio-medical applications, catalysis and reagent in bio-chemical applications etc. The results with XRD, FESEM-EDX and UV analysis studies from present investigations clearly confirm about the presence of nano gold particles and its by products. All the investigations were performed with microwave heat treatment as an environmental friendly method.
摘要本研究的主要目的是开发和合成纳米金等贵金属及其副产品纳米铜、纳米银等。研究基本上包括两个层面的环保过程,即从废弃的电子废物成分中回收金,以及在煮沸后进行适当的反应。由此获得的珍贵纳米材料将在传感器、有机光伏材料、其他电子导体、探针、生物医学应用中的药物和药品、生物化学应用中的催化剂和试剂等方面发挥重要作用。XRD、FESEM-EDX和UV分析结果清楚地证实了纳米金颗粒及其副产品的存在。所有的研究都是用环境友好的微波热处理方法进行的。
{"title":"Extraction of nano-metals with judicious combination of microwave heating and acid leaching process from E-waste","authors":"S. Srikant, R. Mahapatra, R. Rao","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1952833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1952833","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main aim of the present investigation is to develop and synthesis the precious nano-metals such as nano gold and its by product components such as nano copper, nano silver etc. The investigations were basically consisting of two level environmental friendly process i.e., recovering of the gold from discarded E-waste components and secondly with the proper reaction after boiling. The precious nano materials so obtained will be very much useful for sensors, organic photovoltaic materials, other electronic conductors, probes, drugs and medicines in bio-medical applications, catalysis and reagent in bio-chemical applications etc. The results with XRD, FESEM-EDX and UV analysis studies from present investigations clearly confirm about the presence of nano gold particles and its by products. All the investigations were performed with microwave heat treatment as an environmental friendly method.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"29 1","pages":"236 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80407562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A theoretical analysis of the relationships shown from the general experimental results of scattering parameters s 11 and s 21 – exemplified by the film of BaFe12- i Ce i O19/polypyrene with i = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 对散射参数s11和s21的一般实验结果进行了理论分析——以i = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6的BaFe12- i Ce i O19/聚乙烯薄膜为例
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1952835
Y. Liu, M. Drew, Hexing Li, Yue Liu
Abstract The common practice of applying reflection loss to material is incorrect as it can only be applied to film. Also the dominant theory of impedance matching should be replaced by wave cancellation theory. Here, we show that experimental data obtained from microwave absorption by the film of the titled composite can be successfully analyzed theoretically from our new theories. Formulae for the scattering parameters s 11 and s 21 of the film have been derived based on the wave addition model which clearly differentiates between microwave absorption mechanisms from interface and film. The experimental values, the patterns from s 11 and s 21, and the relationships between the patterns from the experimental values have been reproduced and interpreted both quantitatively and qualitatively from the new perspective. This specific new analysis for the verification of the new theory involving a large data set provides a clear indication that the conclusions obtained are not only valid for one unique system but are of general applicability. Thus, the new theory has been verified and can be used to reveal the mechanisms of microwave absorption by material and device. The successful interpretations are contrasted with the inadequacies of previous applied methods involving reflection loss and impedance matching.
通常将反射损失应用于材料的做法是不正确的,因为它只能应用于薄膜。同时,主流的阻抗匹配理论也应该被波抵消理论所取代。本文的研究表明,复合材料薄膜的微波吸收实验数据可以用我们的新理论成功地进行理论分析。基于波加法模型,推导出了薄膜的散射参数s11和s21的计算公式,该模型明确区分了微波吸收机理与界面吸收机理和薄膜吸收机理。从新的角度对实验值、s 11和s 21的模式以及实验值模式之间的关系进行了定量和定性的再现和解释。为验证涉及大数据集的新理论而进行的这种具体的新分析清楚地表明,所得到的结论不仅对一个独特的系统有效,而且具有普遍的适用性。因此,新的理论得到了验证,并可用于揭示材料和器件的微波吸收机理。对比了以往应用的反射损耗和阻抗匹配方法的不足之处。
{"title":"A theoretical analysis of the relationships shown from the general experimental results of scattering parameters s 11 and s 21 – exemplified by the film of BaFe12- i Ce i O19/polypyrene with i = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6","authors":"Y. Liu, M. Drew, Hexing Li, Yue Liu","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1952835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1952835","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The common practice of applying reflection loss to material is incorrect as it can only be applied to film. Also the dominant theory of impedance matching should be replaced by wave cancellation theory. Here, we show that experimental data obtained from microwave absorption by the film of the titled composite can be successfully analyzed theoretically from our new theories. Formulae for the scattering parameters s 11 and s 21 of the film have been derived based on the wave addition model which clearly differentiates between microwave absorption mechanisms from interface and film. The experimental values, the patterns from s 11 and s 21, and the relationships between the patterns from the experimental values have been reproduced and interpreted both quantitatively and qualitatively from the new perspective. This specific new analysis for the verification of the new theory involving a large data set provides a clear indication that the conclusions obtained are not only valid for one unique system but are of general applicability. Thus, the new theory has been verified and can be used to reveal the mechanisms of microwave absorption by material and device. The successful interpretations are contrasted with the inadequacies of previous applied methods involving reflection loss and impedance matching.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"41 1","pages":"197 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87069465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips 微波辅助热风干燥牛肉片的干燥动力学及品质特性
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1952836
E. Aykın‐Dinçer, Büşra Atlı, Özge Çakmak, Seda Canavar, Ayşegül Çalışkan
Abstract In this study, the drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips were investigated. For this purpose, beef slices were treated with spice mixture (4 g/100 g beef) and then dried with 2 different air temperature (60 and 70 °C) and 3 different microwave power (0, 90 and 180 W at fixed product weight). Drying process was terminated when moisture content of samples went below 15% and then drying kinetics and quality characteristics of the beef chips were analyzed. Drying time of beef chips reduced due to the increase in the microwave power and temperature whereas Page model was the most suitable model for identifying drying kinetics. It was also noted that average moisture content of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips was 12.8% (dry basis), water activity (aw) value was 0.70, pH value was 5.8 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value was 30.48 µmol MDA/kg. It was further found that those beef chips that were dried at high temperature (70 °C) and microwave power (180 W) had darker color (higher a* value) and shorter, thicker and harder (high cutting force). Moreover, it was finally noted that such fast drying samples had better microbial and sensory quality.
摘要本文研究了微波辅助热风干燥牛肉片的干燥动力学和品质特性。为此,用香料混合物(4 g/100 g牛肉)处理牛肉片,然后在2种不同的空气温度(60和70℃)和3种不同的微波功率(固定产品重量下的0、90和180 W)下干燥。当样品含水率低于15%时,终止干燥过程,然后分析牛肉片的干燥动力学和质量特性。随着微波功率和温度的增加,牛肉片的干燥时间缩短,而Page模型是最合适的干燥动力学模型。微波辅助热风干燥牛肉片的平均含水率为12.8%(干基),水活度(aw)值为0.70,pH值为5.8,硫代巴比妥酸活性物质(TBARS)值为30.48µmol MDA/kg。进一步发现,在高温(70℃)和微波功率(180 W)下干燥的牛肉片颜色更深(a*值更高),更短、更厚、更硬(切削力高)。此外,最后指出,这种快速干燥的样品具有更好的微生物和感官品质。
{"title":"Drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips","authors":"E. Aykın‐Dinçer, Büşra Atlı, Özge Çakmak, Seda Canavar, Ayşegül Çalışkan","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1952836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1952836","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the drying kinetics and quality characteristics of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips were investigated. For this purpose, beef slices were treated with spice mixture (4 g/100 g beef) and then dried with 2 different air temperature (60 and 70 °C) and 3 different microwave power (0, 90 and 180 W at fixed product weight). Drying process was terminated when moisture content of samples went below 15% and then drying kinetics and quality characteristics of the beef chips were analyzed. Drying time of beef chips reduced due to the increase in the microwave power and temperature whereas Page model was the most suitable model for identifying drying kinetics. It was also noted that average moisture content of microwave-assisted hot air dried beef chips was 12.8% (dry basis), water activity (aw) value was 0.70, pH value was 5.8 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value was 30.48 µmol MDA/kg. It was further found that those beef chips that were dried at high temperature (70 °C) and microwave power (180 W) had darker color (higher a* value) and shorter, thicker and harder (high cutting force). Moreover, it was finally noted that such fast drying samples had better microbial and sensory quality.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"54 1","pages":"219 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90870985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Effect of intermittent microwave vacuum concentration on quality parameters of apple juice and sour cherry nectar and mathematical modeling of concentration 间歇微波真空浓缩对苹果汁和酸樱桃蜜品质参数的影响及浓缩数学建模
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1952837
Cuneyt Dincer
Abstract In this study, sour cherry nectar and apple juice were concentrated using thermal concentration (75, 80, and 85 °C), and intermittent microwave concentration (180, 300, and 450 W) under vacuum condition (at 250 mbar). Thirteen different mathematical models were used to describe the concentration kinetics of the samples. The Midilli model exhibited the best fit to all experimental data (R2 ≥ 0.9972; χ2 ≤ 1.6724; RMSE ≤ 1.2932). The concentration time was reduced with increasing microwave power (from 180 W to 450 W) and thermal vacuum concentration temperature (from 75 °C to 85 °C). In addition, the main quality parameters of the concentrates were comparatively investigated after reconstitution. Generally, major differences were not observed in the physicochemical properties of samples concentrated by thermal and microwave methods. Total phenolic content of the apple juice and sour cherry nectar samples were ranged between 209.87-216.67 mg/L and 571.00-588.57 mg/L, respectively. Fructose was the main sugar in both juices, followed by glucose and sucrose. The particle size of the juice samples increased with concentration processing.
摘要本研究采用热浓缩(75、80和85℃)和间歇微波浓缩(180、300和450 W),在真空条件下(250 mbar)对酸樱桃花蜜和苹果汁进行浓缩。采用了13种不同的数学模型来描述样品的浓度动力学。Midilli模型对所有实验数据拟合最佳(R2≥0.9972;χ2≤1.6724;Rmse≤1.2932)。随着微波功率(从180 W增加到450 W)和热真空浓缩温度(从75℃增加到85℃)的增加,浓缩时间缩短。并对重构后精矿的主要质量参数进行了比较研究。通常,通过热和微波方法浓缩的样品在物理化学性质上没有观察到重大差异。苹果汁和酸樱桃花蜜样品的总酚含量分别为209.87 ~ 216.67 mg/L和571.00 ~ 588.57 mg/L。果糖是两种果汁中的主要糖,其次是葡萄糖和蔗糖。随着浓缩处理,果汁样品的粒径增大。
{"title":"Effect of intermittent microwave vacuum concentration on quality parameters of apple juice and sour cherry nectar and mathematical modeling of concentration","authors":"Cuneyt Dincer","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1952837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1952837","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, sour cherry nectar and apple juice were concentrated using thermal concentration (75, 80, and 85 °C), and intermittent microwave concentration (180, 300, and 450 W) under vacuum condition (at 250 mbar). Thirteen different mathematical models were used to describe the concentration kinetics of the samples. The Midilli model exhibited the best fit to all experimental data (R2 ≥ 0.9972; χ2 ≤ 1.6724; RMSE ≤ 1.2932). The concentration time was reduced with increasing microwave power (from 180 W to 450 W) and thermal vacuum concentration temperature (from 75 °C to 85 °C). In addition, the main quality parameters of the concentrates were comparatively investigated after reconstitution. Generally, major differences were not observed in the physicochemical properties of samples concentrated by thermal and microwave methods. Total phenolic content of the apple juice and sour cherry nectar samples were ranged between 209.87-216.67 mg/L and 571.00-588.57 mg/L, respectively. Fructose was the main sugar in both juices, followed by glucose and sucrose. The particle size of the juice samples increased with concentration processing.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"175 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy
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