Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2022.2029117
W. Fu, Chaoyang Zhang, Xiaotong Guan, Xiaoyun Li, Yang Yan
Abstract An investigation of sterilization by a low-temperature microwave-generated atmospheric pressure plasma jet (MAPPJ) is presented. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and yeast Saccharomyces species (Saccharomyces sp.) at 1.0 × 103 and 1.0 × 104 cfu/mL dilutions are investigated and fungi tested experimentally. The MAPPJ is generated by several watt continuous-wave microwaves and Ar gas, and direct treatment of the bacteria by a programmable planar XY motorized translation stage. After several minutes of plasma treatment, the number of bacterial colonies was sufficiently reduced and found to be nearly zero, and bare ozone and nitrogen dioxide were observed. This investigation shows that plasma sterilization would be a novel application for solid-state microwave power sources.
{"title":"Investigation of sterilization by a microwave-generated low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma jet","authors":"W. Fu, Chaoyang Zhang, Xiaotong Guan, Xiaoyun Li, Yang Yan","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2022.2029117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2022.2029117","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An investigation of sterilization by a low-temperature microwave-generated atmospheric pressure plasma jet (MAPPJ) is presented. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and yeast Saccharomyces species (Saccharomyces sp.) at 1.0 × 103 and 1.0 × 104 cfu/mL dilutions are investigated and fungi tested experimentally. The MAPPJ is generated by several watt continuous-wave microwaves and Ar gas, and direct treatment of the bacteria by a programmable planar XY motorized translation stage. After several minutes of plasma treatment, the number of bacterial colonies was sufficiently reduced and found to be nearly zero, and bare ozone and nitrogen dioxide were observed. This investigation shows that plasma sterilization would be a novel application for solid-state microwave power sources.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88688815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2022.2029120
C. M. Hogan, B. Hoff, I. Rittersdorf, V. Yakovlev
Abstract A concept for a millimetre-wave (MMW) heat exchanger (HX) featuring AlN:Mo ceramic composite structures as electromagnetic absorbing elements (susceptors) has been recently introduced as a receiving device in power beaming applications. Earlier computational studies of electromagnetic and thermal processes have shown reasonable energy efficiency and exceptional uniformity of MMW-induced temperature fields in a single cubic susceptor with concentration of Mo doping on the level of 3–4% by volume. As part of ongoing research, a MMW HX comprised of an array of cylindrical susceptors is proposed to potentially enable increased robustness against thermal stress and reduced manufacturing cost. In this paper, we computationally study the effects driven by such a change and demonstrate feasibility of the designs based on multiple cylinders. We present the output of electromagnetic and coupled electromagnetic-thermal simulations of a prospective physical prototype of a HX with five cylinders on a square metal base plate. Three alternative layouts with four, nine, and sixteen cylindrical elements that are suggested by the highest density packing of equal circles in a square are also analyzed. It is shown that, in comparison with the previously studied case of a single cubic susceptor, energy efficiency of all systems with Mo = 3–4% is down from 50–55% to 35–45%. While temperature distribution within each individual cylinder remains highly uniform, maximum temperatures of different cylinders may be different by up to 30–40 °C; when the angle of incidence deviates from normal, this difference further increases: e.g. when the angle is 10°, in the sixteen-cylinder system, it may reach 120–130 °C.
{"title":"Computational characterization of millimetre-wave heat exchangers with an AlN:Mo susceptor of multiple cylindrical elements","authors":"C. M. Hogan, B. Hoff, I. Rittersdorf, V. Yakovlev","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2022.2029120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2022.2029120","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A concept for a millimetre-wave (MMW) heat exchanger (HX) featuring AlN:Mo ceramic composite structures as electromagnetic absorbing elements (susceptors) has been recently introduced as a receiving device in power beaming applications. Earlier computational studies of electromagnetic and thermal processes have shown reasonable energy efficiency and exceptional uniformity of MMW-induced temperature fields in a single cubic susceptor with concentration of Mo doping on the level of 3–4% by volume. As part of ongoing research, a MMW HX comprised of an array of cylindrical susceptors is proposed to potentially enable increased robustness against thermal stress and reduced manufacturing cost. In this paper, we computationally study the effects driven by such a change and demonstrate feasibility of the designs based on multiple cylinders. We present the output of electromagnetic and coupled electromagnetic-thermal simulations of a prospective physical prototype of a HX with five cylinders on a square metal base plate. Three alternative layouts with four, nine, and sixteen cylindrical elements that are suggested by the highest density packing of equal circles in a square are also analyzed. It is shown that, in comparison with the previously studied case of a single cubic susceptor, energy efficiency of all systems with Mo = 3–4% is down from 50–55% to 35–45%. While temperature distribution within each individual cylinder remains highly uniform, maximum temperatures of different cylinders may be different by up to 30–40 °C; when the angle of incidence deviates from normal, this difference further increases: e.g. when the angle is 10°, in the sixteen-cylinder system, it may reach 120–130 °C.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87168388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2022.2033454
Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib
A term that once left old technology behind to introduce a new one in electronics is ‘solid-state’, which was used intensively to promote the equipment using this technology, then became kind of ordinary for a while because it is in almost every aparatus, and here it is, refreshed as a characteristic that again shows novelty. New technology is not by itself better as can be noticed if instead of separating old from the new one, we separate well known and lasting from replaced shortly after its presentation despite advertisements and promotion. ‘Solid-state’ is one of those that, promoted or not, has been relevant for a long time. Physics of the solid-state is the science that explains and supports the technology of semiconductor-based electronic devices. It was revolutionary since the first calculating machine based on transistors was built in 1954 followed by thousands of electronic products. ‘Solid-state’ was more than a couple of words stamped on TV sets and radios, among others, about 60 years ago for marketing, rather it was stating their operation structure. This description was sometimes misunderstood by the public who related it to resistance to shock and shaking of the devices instead of their operation principles. New products can either fulfill known functions differently or perform new ones, developing both the technology and application as in the case of game consoles. The first solid-state devices were supposed to perform the same functions as those with vacuum tubes, but with less energy since semiconductors do not need to be warmed up because they do not use the principle of thermionic emission. Then they could be battery-operated, while they were smaller and lighter so that such devices became easily portable. Many other applications of solid-state became ‘full transistorized’, even the TV sets despite they had CRT screens, although there was some hesitation at first due to the lack of serviceable parts that were supposed to be a problem when repairment was necessary. It took some time to realize how reliable these items are. Even when the market was shared by the two kinds of devices, it is evident that solidstate is an advanced kind of technology whose products perform better the same functions as the vacuum tubes as well as new ones. However, there are hybrid solid statevacuum tube devices that pretend to take the best of both technologies, electronic for controlling and a vacuum tube for the function as CRTs in TVs, discontinued but still exist, and magnetrons. Often solid-state technology is not mentioned as it happens with other developments such as ‘fuel injection’ or ‘electronic ignition’ or ‘with computer controls’ in the automotive industry because any car has them. The importance of this industry has been also evidenced by a chips shortage, due to the restructuring of semiconductors production that has lasted about two years and is supposed to last one more. This shortage is affecting the automotive industry, computer
{"title":"Editor’s message: the solid-state applications era","authors":"Juan Antonio Aguilar Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2022.2033454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2022.2033454","url":null,"abstract":"A term that once left old technology behind to introduce a new one in electronics is ‘solid-state’, which was used intensively to promote the equipment using this technology, then became kind of ordinary for a while because it is in almost every aparatus, and here it is, refreshed as a characteristic that again shows novelty. New technology is not by itself better as can be noticed if instead of separating old from the new one, we separate well known and lasting from replaced shortly after its presentation despite advertisements and promotion. ‘Solid-state’ is one of those that, promoted or not, has been relevant for a long time. Physics of the solid-state is the science that explains and supports the technology of semiconductor-based electronic devices. It was revolutionary since the first calculating machine based on transistors was built in 1954 followed by thousands of electronic products. ‘Solid-state’ was more than a couple of words stamped on TV sets and radios, among others, about 60 years ago for marketing, rather it was stating their operation structure. This description was sometimes misunderstood by the public who related it to resistance to shock and shaking of the devices instead of their operation principles. New products can either fulfill known functions differently or perform new ones, developing both the technology and application as in the case of game consoles. The first solid-state devices were supposed to perform the same functions as those with vacuum tubes, but with less energy since semiconductors do not need to be warmed up because they do not use the principle of thermionic emission. Then they could be battery-operated, while they were smaller and lighter so that such devices became easily portable. Many other applications of solid-state became ‘full transistorized’, even the TV sets despite they had CRT screens, although there was some hesitation at first due to the lack of serviceable parts that were supposed to be a problem when repairment was necessary. It took some time to realize how reliable these items are. Even when the market was shared by the two kinds of devices, it is evident that solidstate is an advanced kind of technology whose products perform better the same functions as the vacuum tubes as well as new ones. However, there are hybrid solid statevacuum tube devices that pretend to take the best of both technologies, electronic for controlling and a vacuum tube for the function as CRTs in TVs, discontinued but still exist, and magnetrons. Often solid-state technology is not mentioned as it happens with other developments such as ‘fuel injection’ or ‘electronic ignition’ or ‘with computer controls’ in the automotive industry because any car has them. The importance of this industry has been also evidenced by a chips shortage, due to the restructuring of semiconductors production that has lasted about two years and is supposed to last one more. This shortage is affecting the automotive industry, computer ","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89789630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2022.2029119
S. Srikant, R. Rao
Abstract This article deals with the investigations on mullite ceramics formation from Kyanite sample- an alumino-silicate mineral with microwave heating. In the present investigation kyanite was heated in microwave sintering furnace with calcined alumina, silicon carbide, zirconium dioxide and binder for mullite formation as well as for the preparation of zirconia toughened mullite product. The results of these studies reveal that how a small amount of zirconium dioxide helps in toughening the mullite formation for refractory and ceramics applications. The results shows that microwave heating method is one of the most novel and eco-friendly process for such toughened mullite formation, well within very short period of time. The observations with mullite formation and zirconia toughened mullite formation were observed with the structural data using X-ray diffraction data, field effect scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Future studies are still in process.
{"title":"Microwave heat treatment on kyanite for mullite formation and the preparation of zirconia toughened mullite","authors":"S. Srikant, R. Rao","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2022.2029119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2022.2029119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article deals with the investigations on mullite ceramics formation from Kyanite sample- an alumino-silicate mineral with microwave heating. In the present investigation kyanite was heated in microwave sintering furnace with calcined alumina, silicon carbide, zirconium dioxide and binder for mullite formation as well as for the preparation of zirconia toughened mullite product. The results of these studies reveal that how a small amount of zirconium dioxide helps in toughening the mullite formation for refractory and ceramics applications. The results shows that microwave heating method is one of the most novel and eco-friendly process for such toughened mullite formation, well within very short period of time. The observations with mullite formation and zirconia toughened mullite formation were observed with the structural data using X-ray diffraction data, field effect scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Future studies are still in process.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87173130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2022.2029118
M. Beigi
Abstract The aim of present work was mainly to study the influence of blanching-freezing pre-treatment on moisture removal characteristics of potato during microwave drying process. The influence of microwave power and the samples thickness was also assessed. For this purpose, microwave powers of 100, 350 and 550 W were practiced to dry discoid shape samples of fresh and blanched-frozen potatoes with a constant diameter of 20 mm and different thicknesses of 5, 10 and 15 mm. The obtained results revealed that time required to dehydrate treated potatoes was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than the fresh ones. The moisture diffusivity of the fresh and blanched-frozen potatoes was determined to be in the range of 9.13 × 10−9‒7.93 × 10−8 and 9.89 × 10−9‒9.36 × 10−8 m2 s−1, respectively where enhanced with the both increasing power level and samples thickness. The average energy required to instigate water diffusion inside the treated samples with 5, 10 and 15 mm thickness was obtained to be 0.463, 0.379 and 0.331 W g−1, respectively while the values for fresh samples were 0.505, 0.466 and 0.413 W g−1, respectively.
{"title":"Influence of blanching-freezing pre-treatment on moisture removal characteristics of microwave-dried potatoes","authors":"M. Beigi","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2022.2029118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2022.2029118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of present work was mainly to study the influence of blanching-freezing pre-treatment on moisture removal characteristics of potato during microwave drying process. The influence of microwave power and the samples thickness was also assessed. For this purpose, microwave powers of 100, 350 and 550 W were practiced to dry discoid shape samples of fresh and blanched-frozen potatoes with a constant diameter of 20 mm and different thicknesses of 5, 10 and 15 mm. The obtained results revealed that time required to dehydrate treated potatoes was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than the fresh ones. The moisture diffusivity of the fresh and blanched-frozen potatoes was determined to be in the range of 9.13 × 10−9‒7.93 × 10−8 and 9.89 × 10−9‒9.36 × 10−8 m2 s−1, respectively where enhanced with the both increasing power level and samples thickness. The average energy required to instigate water diffusion inside the treated samples with 5, 10 and 15 mm thickness was obtained to be 0.463, 0.379 and 0.331 W g−1, respectively while the values for fresh samples were 0.505, 0.466 and 0.413 W g−1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78981725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-23DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993047
S. Julrat, S. Trabelsi
Abstract Foreign-material content determination in uncleaned peanuts based on dielectric properties and bulk density measurements by microwave techniques is presented in this paper. A microwave free-space transmission technique was used at 10 GHz. Two measurement systems for measuring the dielectric properties of cleaned unshelled peanuts (nine-peanut pods) and uncleaned unshelled peanuts placed in polycarbonate sample holder (12.1 cm × 21 cm × 20.5 cm) were developed and integrated in one single measuring unit. The nine-peanut-pods system provided the cleaned unshelled peanuts moisture content which was used in the algorithms for foreign material content determination. The dielectric properties and bulk density measurements of the uncleaned unshelled peanut sample were related to the foreign-material content. These parameters, namely bulk density and dielectric properties of uncleaned peanuts and cleaned unshelled moisture content were supplied to machine learning algorithms, linear regression technique and artificial neural network algorithms. Results obtained with the artificial neural network algorithm showed the best estimate of foreign material content with a standard error of performance of 1.36% compared to that obtained with the linear regression algorithm with a standard of performance of 2.39%.
摘要本文介绍了利用微波介电特性和容重测量技术测定花生中杂质含量的方法。在10ghz频段采用了微波自由空间传输技术。开发了两种测量系统，分别用于测量清洗后的脱壳花生(9粒花生荚)和置于聚碳酸酯样品架(12.1 cm × 21 cm × 20.5 cm)中的未清洗脱壳花生的介电特性，并将其集成在一个测量单元中。九个花生豆荚系统提供了清洗后的去壳花生水分含量，用于异物含量测定算法。未清洗花生脱壳样品的介电性能和容重测量与杂质含量有关。这些参数，即未清洗花生的体积密度和介电性能以及清洗后的去壳水分含量，提供给机器学习算法、线性回归技术和人工神经网络算法。人工神经网络算法对外来物质含量的最佳估计性能标准误差为1.36%，而线性回归算法的性能标准误差为2.39%。
{"title":"Determination of foreign-material content in uncleaned peanuts by microwave measurements and machine learning techniques","authors":"S. Julrat, S. Trabelsi","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1993047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1993047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Foreign-material content determination in uncleaned peanuts based on dielectric properties and bulk density measurements by microwave techniques is presented in this paper. A microwave free-space transmission technique was used at 10 GHz. Two measurement systems for measuring the dielectric properties of cleaned unshelled peanuts (nine-peanut pods) and uncleaned unshelled peanuts placed in polycarbonate sample holder (12.1 cm × 21 cm × 20.5 cm) were developed and integrated in one single measuring unit. The nine-peanut-pods system provided the cleaned unshelled peanuts moisture content which was used in the algorithms for foreign material content determination. The dielectric properties and bulk density measurements of the uncleaned unshelled peanut sample were related to the foreign-material content. These parameters, namely bulk density and dielectric properties of uncleaned peanuts and cleaned unshelled moisture content were supplied to machine learning algorithms, linear regression technique and artificial neural network algorithms. Results obtained with the artificial neural network algorithm showed the best estimate of foreign material content with a standard error of performance of 1.36% compared to that obtained with the linear regression algorithm with a standard of performance of 2.39%.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77518142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993044
W. Yuanyuan, Lan Junqing, Y. Fengming, H. Tao, Yang Yang, Zhu Huacheng, Tang Zhengming
Abstract As a clean energy, microwaves have been widely used in thermal engineering. However, in the traditional microwave heating process, it is difficult to obtain high heating efficiency and uniformity. In this paper, a novel multi-port sweep frequency heating method is proposed to solve this problem. Multi-physics modelling and experiment are carried out to study the mechanism, efficiency, and uniformity of multi-port sweep frequency heating. The simulation and experimental results agree well, which demonstrates the proposed method can make heating more efficient and uniform. In addition, important factors affecting the heating efficiency and uniformity are also discussed, including the multi-port and frequency sweep effects, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves, and the bandwidth of the sweep frequency. This study can help us make better use of microwave energy.
{"title":"Study of the high heating efficiency and uniformity by multi-port sweep frequency microwave irradiations","authors":"W. Yuanyuan, Lan Junqing, Y. Fengming, H. Tao, Yang Yang, Zhu Huacheng, Tang Zhengming","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1993044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1993044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As a clean energy, microwaves have been widely used in thermal engineering. However, in the traditional microwave heating process, it is difficult to obtain high heating efficiency and uniformity. In this paper, a novel multi-port sweep frequency heating method is proposed to solve this problem. Multi-physics modelling and experiment are carried out to study the mechanism, efficiency, and uniformity of multi-port sweep frequency heating. The simulation and experimental results agree well, which demonstrates the proposed method can make heating more efficient and uniform. In addition, important factors affecting the heating efficiency and uniformity are also discussed, including the multi-port and frequency sweep effects, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves, and the bandwidth of the sweep frequency. This study can help us make better use of microwave energy.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74698184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1995954
J. Aguilar-Garib
{"title":"Editor message: farewell to our friend Bob Schiffmann","authors":"J. Aguilar-Garib","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1995954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1995954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72498439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993046
Robert Tempke, Liam A Thomas, Christina Wildfire, D. Shekhawat, T. Musho
Abstract This study investigates the application of artificial neural networks to determine the complex dielectric material properties derived from experimental VNA scattering parameter measurements. The study utilizes a finite element approach to synthetically generate data to train the neural network. The neural network was trained using a supervised learning approach and validated using experimental measurement data. The frequency range of interest was between 0.1 and 13.5 GHz with the real part of the dielectric constants ranging from 1 − 100 and the imaginary part ranging from 0 − 0.2. This modelling approach decreases the uncertainty when compared to existing inverse approaches. This approach demonstrates a general framework that can be used for converting experimental or computational derived scattering parameters to complex permittivities.
{"title":"Machine learning approach to transform scattering parameters to complex permittivities","authors":"Robert Tempke, Liam A Thomas, Christina Wildfire, D. Shekhawat, T. Musho","doi":"10.1080/08327823.2021.1993046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2021.1993046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigates the application of artificial neural networks to determine the complex dielectric material properties derived from experimental VNA scattering parameter measurements. The study utilizes a finite element approach to synthetically generate data to train the neural network. The neural network was trained using a supervised learning approach and validated using experimental measurement data. The frequency range of interest was between 0.1 and 13.5 GHz with the real part of the dielectric constants ranging from 1 − 100 and the imaginary part ranging from 0 − 0.2. This modelling approach decreases the uncertainty when compared to existing inverse approaches. This approach demonstrates a general framework that can be used for converting experimental or computational derived scattering parameters to complex permittivities.","PeriodicalId":16556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82530652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2021.1993048
Md Safiqur Rahaman Shishir, M. Jacob, K. Leong, Long Cheng, B. Cullen, G. Brodie
Abstract Dielectric properties of any particular material will determine the level of microwave (MW) heating. Therefore, measurement of the dielectric properties of MW treatment subject materials is necessary. This study investigated the dielectric properties of six roughages and three concentrate animal feeds across the microwave frequency range of 1 × 109 to 5 × 109 Hz. Six treatment groups, named control (at equilibrium moisture constant), oven dried (0% moisture), 25% moisture added, 50% moisture added, 75% moisture added, and 100% moisture added groups were prepared for the study. Three separate replications and five observations for each replication were used to assess the dielectric properties of these materials. The results showed that for increasing moisture content, from oven-dried, though the control status, to 100% added moisture, both the dielectric constant (real part) and the dielectric loss factor (imaginary part) increased for both the roughages and concentrates. However, the responses were not linear. The oven-dried plant samples' dielectric properties were very low compared with those of the higher moisture content samples. Thus, the sample's moisture content was the dominant contributor to the feed samples' dielectric behavior. Among all the feed samples, faba bean and wheat grain showed the highest response to added moisture. Mathematical models were developed to explain the dielectric properties of feeds as a function of frequency and moisture content. The goodness of fit (r2) for these models' real part varied between 0.85–0.99 for roughage and 0.98–0.99 for concentrate feed type. On the other hand, the goodness of fit for the imaginary part varied between 0.59–0.78 for roughage, and 0.81–0.93 for concentrate feeds.
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