Ameni Ben Hassena, M. Zouari, W. Khabou, N. Zouari
The current study aimed to determine the effect of single and dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on soil quality and mineral content of young olive plants. One-year-old self-rooted olive plants (Olea europaea L.) of the cultivar Chetoui were inoculated with different AMF: (i) Glomus deserticola (AMF1); (ii) Gigaspora margarita (AMF2) or (iii) a 1:1 mixture of G. deserticola and G. margarita (AMF3). After one year of symbiosis, the obtained results showed that AMF played an important role in improving the fertility of the experimental soil by increasing the organic matter and the micro-nutrients contents (Nt, P and K+), as compared to control soil. Such effect induced an improvement in marco- and micro-nutrient contents in leaves and roots of all inoculated olive plants. The beneficial effect of mycorrhizal association was more important under inoculation with mixed species of AMF.
{"title":"Impact of inoculation with single and mixed species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the soil fertility and the nutrient uptake of young olive plants","authors":"Ameni Ben Hassena, M. Zouari, W. Khabou, N. Zouari","doi":"10.56027/joasd.152022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.152022","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to determine the effect of single and dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on soil quality and mineral content of young olive plants. One-year-old self-rooted olive plants (Olea europaea L.) of the cultivar Chetoui were inoculated with different AMF: (i) Glomus deserticola (AMF1); (ii) Gigaspora margarita (AMF2) or (iii) a 1:1 mixture of G. deserticola and G. margarita (AMF3). After one year of symbiosis, the obtained results showed that AMF played an important role in improving the fertility of the experimental soil by increasing the organic matter and the micro-nutrients contents (Nt, P and K+), as compared to control soil. Such effect induced an improvement in marco- and micro-nutrient contents in leaves and roots of all inoculated olive plants. The beneficial effect of mycorrhizal association was more important under inoculation with mixed species of AMF.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74316457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tlahig, Ridha Habib, H. Yahia, B. Lachiheb, M. Loumerem
Alfalfa breeding in areas with high abiotic constraints has made little progress in improving productivity and tolerance. The difficulty lies in identifying and characterizing the parameters related to resistance to different climate pressures. Various phenological, morphological, physiological and chemical processes are the origin of avoidance and tolerance strategies. The purpose of this work was to study the morphophysiological and chemical divergences between eight perennial alfalfa genotypes from different origins: 3 native genotypes (IRA, Gabès, Chenini) and five exotic ones (Ameristand, Bami, Prosementi, Tamentit and Tata) exhibiting a high tolerance to the arid bioclimate outside oasis. The obtained results allowed to classify the genotypes into two sufficiently homogeneous groups which could be considered as an interesting breeding genetic pool for the chosen selection criteria. This pool is the starting genetic material for the creation of synthetic varieties adapted to arid conditions outside oases characterized by higher fresh and dry yields (Ameristand, Bami, and Tamentit), with excellent tolerance to salinity (Gabès and IRA).
在具有高度非生物限制的地区，苜蓿育种在提高生产力和耐受性方面进展甚微。困难在于确定和描述与抵抗不同气候压力有关的参数。各种物候、形态、生理和化学过程是回避和耐受策略的起源。本研究旨在研究不同来源的8种多年生苜蓿基因型的形态生理和化学差异:3种本地基因型(IRA、gab、Chenini)和5种外来基因型(ameristi、Bami、Prosementi、Tamentit和Tata)表现出对绿洲外干旱生物气候的高度耐受性。所获得的结果允许将基因型分为两个足够均匀的群体，这可以被认为是所选择的选择标准的一个有趣的育种基因库。这一种质是创造适应绿洲以外干旱条件的合成品种的起始遗传物质，其特点是新鲜和干燥产量较高(Ameristand, Bami and Tamentit)，具有优异的耐盐性(gab和IRA)。
{"title":"Adaptation of perennial alfalfa genotypes to the outside oasis environment in order to improve the performance of the southern Tunisian agro-system","authors":"S. Tlahig, Ridha Habib, H. Yahia, B. Lachiheb, M. Loumerem","doi":"10.56027/joasd.112022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.112022","url":null,"abstract":"Alfalfa breeding in areas with high abiotic constraints has made little progress in improving productivity and tolerance. The difficulty lies in identifying and characterizing the parameters related to resistance to different climate pressures. Various phenological, morphological, physiological and chemical processes are the origin of avoidance and tolerance strategies. The purpose of this work was to study the morphophysiological and chemical divergences between eight perennial alfalfa genotypes from different origins: 3 native genotypes (IRA, Gabès, Chenini) and five exotic ones (Ameristand, Bami, Prosementi, Tamentit and Tata) exhibiting a high tolerance to the arid bioclimate outside oasis. The obtained results allowed to classify the genotypes into two sufficiently homogeneous groups which could be considered as an interesting breeding genetic pool for the chosen selection criteria. This pool is the starting genetic material for the creation of synthetic varieties adapted to arid conditions outside oases characterized by higher fresh and dry yields (Ameristand, Bami, and Tamentit), with excellent tolerance to salinity (Gabès and IRA).","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77276778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Dhehibi, Meriem Makhlouf, A. Nejatian, A. Niane, M. Hilali, N. Al-Abri, M. Al-Amri, Anisa Al-Ghabshi, Haitham Al-Khanjari, S. A. Alkhamisi
This paper considers the vision of how to develop an efficient value chain and development strategies to improve the value chain in Oman. The main key factors of inclusive and sustainable development of the date value chain are determined to carry out the appropriate actions for improving the date palm sector in Oman. To explore the challenges and opportunities leading to the improvement of the marketing, commercialization, and competitiveness of dates and date palm products in this country, an analytical tool guideline (SWOT) was framed. Such analysis is useful to raise awareness to create policies for improved marketing of dates. Based on the SWOT analysis, the diversification of date varieties, and orientation toward modern plantations are the most important strengths of the date value chain. However, the increasing competition in regional and global date markets is the major threat to the date sector in Oman. There is a good possibility to promote the date processing industry in Oman given the rising demand for fresh and processed dates in national and international markets. A profitable and competitive date palm sector could be achieved by focusing on high yield and commercial varieties to ensure higher date palm productivity and the orientation toward adoption of quality standards to meet international market demand.
{"title":"Date Value Chain Analysis, Development, and Competitiveness of Date Palm Products in the Sultanate of Oman","authors":"B. Dhehibi, Meriem Makhlouf, A. Nejatian, A. Niane, M. Hilali, N. Al-Abri, M. Al-Amri, Anisa Al-Ghabshi, Haitham Al-Khanjari, S. A. Alkhamisi","doi":"10.56027/joasd.092022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.092022","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the vision of how to develop an efficient value chain and development strategies to improve the value chain in Oman. The main key factors of inclusive and sustainable development of the date value chain are determined to carry out the appropriate actions for improving the date palm sector in Oman. To explore the challenges and opportunities leading to the improvement of the marketing, commercialization, and competitiveness of dates and date palm products in this country, an analytical tool guideline (SWOT) was framed. Such analysis is useful to raise awareness to create policies for improved marketing of dates. Based on the SWOT analysis, the diversification of date varieties, and orientation toward modern plantations are the most important strengths of the date value chain. However, the increasing competition in regional and global date markets is the major threat to the date sector in Oman. There is a good possibility to promote the date processing industry in Oman given the rising demand for fresh and processed dates in national and international markets. A profitable and competitive date palm sector could be achieved by focusing on high yield and commercial varieties to ensure higher date palm productivity and the orientation toward adoption of quality standards to meet international market demand.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75878340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bagues, M. Neji, J. Ghashghaie, T. Triki, Ferdaous Guasmi, Nissaf Karbout, Talel Bouhamda, K. Nagaz
Salinity is one of the main and important abiotic stresses that adversely affects crop growth, development and production. In this study, two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces were subjected to three treatments of deficit saline-irrigation (12 dS/cm) (T0 = 100%ETc, T1 = 75%ETc, and T2 = 50%ETc) during grain filling stage. Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) was associated with some physio-biochemical parameters to evaluate barley response to saline conditions. Results of this study showed that deficit saline-irrigation significantly (p < 0.05) decreases Δ13C in both barley landraces. Moreover, photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and instantaneous water use efficiency (iWUE) were significantly affected by treatments. Relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll (SPAD) value were significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) were affected by deficit saline-irrigation. In addition, phenolic compounds were affected by treatments and landraces (except syringic and p-coumaric acids), and their interactions (except syringic acid). Moreover, high correlations were noticed between Δ13C and physio-biochemical parameters. Results suggested that both barley landraces make a higher iWUE, and a weak variation in phenolic compounds. Moreover, Δ13C associated with physio-biochemical traits can also be good criteria for screening of salt-tolerance of barley during grain filling stage. Taken together, our study suggests that the response to deficit saline-irrigation in barley landraces involves an interplay between various physiological and biochemical mechanisms mainly related to Δ13C.
{"title":"Assessment of the physio-biochemical performance of Tunisian barley landraces under deficit saline-irrigation during grain filling stage","authors":"M. Bagues, M. Neji, J. Ghashghaie, T. Triki, Ferdaous Guasmi, Nissaf Karbout, Talel Bouhamda, K. Nagaz","doi":"10.56027/joasd.082022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.082022","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is one of the main and important abiotic stresses that adversely affects crop growth, development and production. In this study, two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces were subjected to three treatments of deficit saline-irrigation (12 dS/cm) (T0 = 100%ETc, T1 = 75%ETc, and T2 = 50%ETc) during grain filling stage. Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) was associated with some physio-biochemical parameters to evaluate barley response to saline conditions. Results of this study showed that deficit saline-irrigation significantly (p < 0.05) decreases Δ13C in both barley landraces. Moreover, photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and instantaneous water use efficiency (iWUE) were significantly affected by treatments. Relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll (SPAD) value were significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) were affected by deficit saline-irrigation. In addition, phenolic compounds were affected by treatments and landraces (except syringic and p-coumaric acids), and their interactions (except syringic acid). Moreover, high correlations were noticed between Δ13C and physio-biochemical parameters. Results suggested that both barley landraces make a higher iWUE, and a weak variation in phenolic compounds. Moreover, Δ13C associated with physio-biochemical traits can also be good criteria for screening of salt-tolerance of barley during grain filling stage. Taken together, our study suggests that the response to deficit saline-irrigation in barley landraces involves an interplay between various physiological and biochemical mechanisms mainly related to Δ13C.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89633311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malakasa Mandefu A.G., Mbangu Ndongala C., N’dendje Batiango J., Kizungu Vumilia R., Sumbu Zola E.
The present work aim to evaluate the effect of the operating parameters on the ash content, the loss of total carotenoids and the loss of vitamin C of the tomato during drying processes and to model this phenomenon in order to deduce the optimal operating conditions. Predictive models have been proposed to relate quality attributes of the finished product to different operating variables of osmotic dehydration combined with drying. The optimal working condition of the osmotic dehydration / drying combination applied to tomatoes is therefore the use of a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g/l, a temperature of the osmotic solution of 30 ° C, a duration of the osmotic dehydration 60 minutes and a drying temperature of 60 ° C to obtain a final product with the lowest ascorbic acid loss of 2.29%, a minimum total carotenoid loss content of 15.17% and a minimum content of 0.84% ash.
{"title":"Impact of the coupling of osmotic dehydration and drying on the nutritional quality of dried tomato","authors":"Malakasa Mandefu A.G., Mbangu Ndongala C., N’dendje Batiango J., Kizungu Vumilia R., Sumbu Zola E.","doi":"10.56027/joasd.072022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.072022","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aim to evaluate the effect of the operating parameters on the ash content, the loss of total carotenoids and the loss of vitamin C of the tomato during drying processes and to model this phenomenon in order to deduce the optimal operating conditions. Predictive models have been proposed to relate quality attributes of the finished product to different operating variables of osmotic dehydration combined with drying. The optimal working condition of the osmotic dehydration / drying combination applied to tomatoes is therefore the use of a sodium chloride concentration of 100 g/l, a temperature of the osmotic solution of 30 ° C, a duration of the osmotic dehydration 60 minutes and a drying temperature of 60 ° C to obtain a final product with the lowest ascorbic acid loss of 2.29%, a minimum total carotenoid loss content of 15.17% and a minimum content of 0.84% ash.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91517196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Medfly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), is one of major and destructive insect pests of fruit crops worldwide. The influence of seven species of fruit on the biological parameters of C. capitata was examined. The fruits tested were: Citrus sinensis (Thomson navel L.), Clementine (Citrus clementica L.), Mandarin (Citrus deliciosa or reticulate L.), Lemon (Citrus limon L.), Maltese (Oranger de Malte), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.), and Peach (Prunus persica L.). The highest number of eggs laid by the females was observed in Citrus aurantium (13.62±0.69) and the lowest in Citrus deliciosa (10.05±0.20). The longest egg incubation time was observed in Citrus limon (2.66±0.51) and the shortest was observed in Prunus persica (2±0.00). The shortest pupal development time (8.83 days) was observed in Prunus persica, whereas the longest (11.66days) was in Citrus limon. Adult emergence rates were generally high (>60%), except for Citrus sinensis. The highest sex ratio was observed in Citrus aurantium (0.579±0) and the lowest was observed in Citrus limon (0.271±0.01). Life expectancy at pupal eclosion was recorded at adult C. capitata. The lives of adult flies were shorter or longer according to the species. Males lived longer than female on all host plants. Results showed the most suitable host-fruit for C. capitata was peach; although Citrus aurantium were shown to be the preferred host for oviposition and seem to have an important role as alternative host between Mars and Mai, allowing the continuous development of C. capitata throughout the year. The importance of these results could be used to determine perfect times for management treatments.
地中海果蝇(Medfly, Ceratitis capitata, Wied.)是世界范围内危害水果作物的主要害虫之一。研究了7种果实对金针桃生物学参数的影响。测试的水果有:柑橘(Thomson navel L.)、小柑橘(Citrus clementica L.)、柑橘(Citrus deliciosa or reticulate L.)、柠檬(Citrus limon L.)、马耳他(orange de Malte)、苦橙(Citrus aurantium L.)和桃子(Prunus persica L.)。雌蜂产卵数以金柑最高(13.62±0.69)，香柑最低(10.05±0.20)。柠檬的孵卵时间最长(2.66±0.51)，桃李最短(2±0.00)。桃李的蛹期最短，为8.83 d，柠檬的蛹期最长，为11.66d。除柑橘外，成虫羽化率普遍较高(约60%)。性别比最高的是金柑(0.579±0)，最低的是柠檬(0.271±0.01)。记录成虫蛹羽化时的预期寿命。成虫的寿命根据种类有长短之分。在所有寄主植物上，雄性比雌性寿命更长。结果表明:桃为最适宜的寄主水果;虽然柑橘被证明是产卵的首选寄主，并且似乎在火星和麦之间具有重要的替代寄主作用，使C. capitata全年持续发展。这些结果的重要性可用于确定管理治疗的最佳时机。
{"title":"Influence of different hosts on biological parameters of the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Tunisia","authors":"Mabrouka Ghabbari, Jouda Mediouni-Ben Jemâa","doi":"10.56027/joasd.052022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.052022","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean fruit fly, Medfly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), is one of major and destructive insect pests of fruit crops worldwide. The influence of seven species of fruit on the biological parameters of C. capitata was examined. The fruits tested were: Citrus sinensis (Thomson navel L.), Clementine (Citrus clementica L.), Mandarin (Citrus deliciosa or reticulate L.), Lemon (Citrus limon L.), Maltese (Oranger de Malte), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.), and Peach (Prunus persica L.). The highest number of eggs laid by the females was observed in Citrus aurantium (13.62±0.69) and the lowest in Citrus deliciosa (10.05±0.20). The longest egg incubation time was observed in Citrus limon (2.66±0.51) and the shortest was observed in Prunus persica (2±0.00). The shortest pupal development time (8.83 days) was observed in Prunus persica, whereas the longest (11.66days) was in Citrus limon. Adult emergence rates were generally high (>60%), except for Citrus sinensis. The highest sex ratio was observed in Citrus aurantium (0.579±0) and the lowest was observed in Citrus limon (0.271±0.01). Life expectancy at pupal eclosion was recorded at adult C. capitata. The lives of adult flies were shorter or longer according to the species. Males lived longer than female on all host plants. Results showed the most suitable host-fruit for C. capitata was peach; although Citrus aurantium were shown to be the preferred host for oviposition and seem to have an important role as alternative host between Mars and Mai, allowing the continuous development of C. capitata throughout the year. The importance of these results could be used to determine perfect times for management treatments.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81042516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asma Boukhris, Nadia Elabed, A. Ouled belgacem, M. Chaieb
Little is known about the effect of seed natural long storage on the germination capacity of vascular plant species particularly those used in restoration programs. In the current paper, we aimed to study the effect of different seed storage durations (from 3 months to 22 years) on the germination of Argyrolobium uniflorum (Decne.) Jaub. & Spach, herbaceous legume of high pastoral value indigenous to the Mediterranean Basin. In this paper, we found that the seeds scarification, hasten germination capacity of scarified seeds (SS) to almost 80%. The seed germination is maintained for 14 years at the level of 78 to 60% and then decreases. Also, other measured parameters of water content, electric conductivity, seedling lengths and MGT were also modified along seeds age. The duration of storage affects the germination performance of Argyrolobium uniflorum seeds which decreases after approximately one decade and half which give us an idea about the longevity of soil seeds bank of this species.
{"title":"Effects of natural long storage duration on seeds germinative response of Argyrolobium uniflorum (Decne.) Jaub. & Spach","authors":"Asma Boukhris, Nadia Elabed, A. Ouled belgacem, M. Chaieb","doi":"10.56027/joasd.062022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.062022","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the effect of seed natural long storage on the germination capacity of vascular plant species particularly those used in restoration programs. In the current paper, we aimed to study the effect of different seed storage durations (from 3 months to 22 years) on the germination of Argyrolobium uniflorum (Decne.) Jaub. & Spach, herbaceous legume of high pastoral value indigenous to the Mediterranean Basin. In this paper, we found that the seeds scarification, hasten germination capacity of scarified seeds (SS) to almost 80%. The seed germination is maintained for 14 years at the level of 78 to 60% and then decreases. Also, other measured parameters of water content, electric conductivity, seedling lengths and MGT were also modified along seeds age. The duration of storage affects the germination performance of Argyrolobium uniflorum seeds which decreases after approximately one decade and half which give us an idea about the longevity of soil seeds bank of this species.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78956806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n36.14
Paula Ruiz Camacho
{"title":"Historia de la globalización","authors":"Paula Ruiz Camacho","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n36.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n36.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82181190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n36.08
Ana María Figueroa García, Tatiana Andrea Gélvez Rubio
Los cinco nuevos países de Asia Central que surgieron después de la caída de la Unión Soviética han empezado un proceso de construcción de capacidad estatal e imperio de la ley en sus territorios. Y aunque cada uno tiene sus particularidades, la continuidad de sistemas políticos autocráticos es un factor común entre ellos. La posición geográfica privilegiada en Asia Central, como un paso obligado entre Europa y Asia, y su papel fundamental en la seguridad energética de las grandes potencias mundiales hacen que la región sea crecientemente importante en las dinámicas políticas y económicas del sistema internacional actual. Este puede ser un factor de análisis que afecta los cambios y las configuraciones en la arena política. Este documento examina hasta qué punto los factores externos influyen en la política interna basándose en el trasfondo teórico de los regímenes autoritarios y la transición democrática, los enlaces históricos después de la caída de la Unión Soviética, así como factores externos como asuntos de seguridad, comercio internacional, proyectos de infraestructura en oleoductos y gasoductos, y competencia por los escasos recursos hídricos de la región.
{"title":"Political Configuration and Geostrategy: An analysis of the global context influence in Central Asia","authors":"Ana María Figueroa García, Tatiana Andrea Gélvez Rubio","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n36.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n36.08","url":null,"abstract":"Los cinco nuevos países de Asia Central que surgieron después de la caída de la Unión Soviética han empezado un proceso de construcción de capacidad estatal e imperio de la ley en sus territorios. Y aunque cada uno tiene sus particularidades, la continuidad de sistemas políticos autocráticos es un factor común entre ellos. La posición geográfica privilegiada en Asia Central, como un paso obligado entre Europa y Asia, y su papel fundamental en la seguridad energética de las grandes potencias mundiales hacen que la región sea crecientemente importante en las dinámicas políticas y económicas del sistema internacional actual. Este puede ser un factor de análisis que afecta los cambios y las configuraciones en la arena política. Este documento examina hasta qué punto los factores externos influyen en la política interna basándose en el trasfondo teórico de los regímenes autoritarios y la transición democrática, los enlaces históricos después de la caída de la Unión Soviética, así como factores externos como asuntos de seguridad, comercio internacional, proyectos de infraestructura en oleoductos y gasoductos, y competencia por los escasos recursos hídricos de la región.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89894360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n36.12
Mateo Andrés Riveros Parra
La presente investigación se propone describir, explicar y analizar el proceso de genocidio en Myanmar en contra de la comunidad rohingya. Los usos de la religión, las redes sociales y la identidad sirvieron como herramientas para justificar la violencia, eliminar al enemigo y ocultar la verdadera causa de la ofensiva militar contra la comunidad musulmana en 2017. Asimismo, el conflicto histórico entre las comunidades internas y el efecto de la apertura democrática y económica del país encaminaron a la sociedad de Myanmar hacia la condena de los rohingyas y a adquirir un lugar como actor en el genocidio. De esta manera, la sociedad legitimó al gobierno militar en las operaciones militares de 2017 que forzaron el desplazamiento de más de 700.000 rohingyas quienes, sumados a los más de 200.000 que ya habían migrado entre 2012 y 2015, se encuentran sin Estado ni derechos en el campo de refugiados más grande del mundo en Bangladesh.
{"title":"Genocidio del siglo XXI: el caso de los Rohingya","authors":"Mateo Andrés Riveros Parra","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n36.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n36.12","url":null,"abstract":"La presente investigación se propone describir, explicar y analizar el proceso de genocidio en Myanmar en contra de la comunidad rohingya. Los usos de la religión, las redes sociales y la identidad sirvieron como herramientas para justificar la violencia, eliminar al enemigo y ocultar la verdadera causa de la ofensiva militar contra la comunidad musulmana en 2017. Asimismo, el conflicto histórico entre las comunidades internas y el efecto de la apertura democrática y económica del país encaminaron a la sociedad de Myanmar hacia la condena de los rohingyas y a adquirir un lugar como actor en el genocidio. De esta manera, la sociedad legitimó al gobierno militar en las operaciones militares de 2017 que forzaron el desplazamiento de más de 700.000 rohingyas quienes, sumados a los más de 200.000 que ya habían migrado entre 2012 y 2015, se encuentran sin Estado ni derechos en el campo de refugiados más grande del mundo en Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79570771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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