The soil used for our investigations is a ferralsol, extremely acidic, poor in nitrogen and moderately supplied with available phosphorus. In this highly degraded soil, the exclusive use of chemical fertilisers is not feasible, not only because of their negative impacts on the soil and the environment, but also because of their high cost. Thus, other alternatives that are less aggressive on the soil should be sought. Here, the use of organic matter (OM) based on Tithonia diversifolia was proposed as a possible solution to restore the fertility of this type of soil. The general objective was to evaluate its impact on the cultivation of soybeans sown in vegetation pots on two substrates, from the superficial layer (0-20 cm) and the deep layer (20-40 cm) in a two-factor experimental set-up. Three doses, equivalent to 0 kg (D0), 3 kg (D1) and 6 kg MO.m-2 (D2) were tested. According to the results obtained, the 3 kg MO.m-2 treatment, equivalent to 30 Mg.ha-1, was the best in all cases, particularly with regard to yield, which was equivalent to 3.72 Mg.ha-1 on the surface soil and 3.48 Mg.ha-1 on the deep soil. These results are far superior to those generally obtained in various trials across the country. The control, 0 kg OM, which had only a few nodules (8), gave a yield of only 0.486 Mg.ha-1. This proves that Rhizobium activity and development are inhibited in this soil and allows us to say that it is illusory to rely on symbiotic nitrogen fixation for the plant's needs. With the 6 kg OM.m-2 dose, a drop in yield was observed (1.642 Mg.ha-1 on average), probably due to excess nitrogen. However, in general, the soils of both layers (0-20 cm) and (20-40 cm) behaved almost the same.
用于我们调查的土壤是一种铁矾，酸性极强，氮含量低，有效磷含量适中。在这种高度退化的土壤中，只使用化肥是不可行的，这不仅是因为它们对土壤和环境的负面影响，还因为它们的成本很高。因此，应该寻找其他对土壤不那么有害的替代品。在此，提出了利用基于Tithonia diverfolia的有机质(OM)作为恢复这类土壤肥力的可能解决方案。总体目标是在双因素试验装置中评估其对种植在两种基质上的种植大豆的影响，从表层(0-20 cm)和深层(20-40 cm)。试验了相当于0公斤(D0)、3公斤(D1)和6公斤MO.m-2 (D2)的三种剂量。根据所得结果，3 kg MO.m-2处理后，相当于30 Mg。在所有情况下，ha-1均为最佳，特别是在产量方面，相当于3.72 Mg。表层土壤ha-1和3.48 Mg。Ha-1在土壤深处。这些结果远远优于在全国各地的各种试验中普遍获得的结果。对照为0 kg OM，仅有少量根瘤(8个)，产量仅为0.486 Mg.ha-1。这证明了根瘤菌的活性和发育在这种土壤中受到抑制，并允许我们说依靠共生固氮来满足植物的需求是虚幻的。6公斤的重量。m-2剂量时，产率下降1.642 Mg。平均为Ha-1)，可能是由于过量的氮。但总体而言，0 ~ 20 cm土层和20 ~ 40 cm土层表现基本一致。
{"title":"Response of Glycine max L. to organic matter based on Tithonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A. Gray on a ferralsol in Mbuji-Mayi/DRC","authors":"Emmanuel Tshibangu Bakababenesha, Christophe Lumpungu Kabamba","doi":"10.56027/joasd.042023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.042023","url":null,"abstract":"The soil used for our investigations is a ferralsol, extremely acidic, poor in nitrogen and moderately supplied with available phosphorus. In this highly degraded soil, the exclusive use of chemical fertilisers is not feasible, not only because of their negative impacts on the soil and the environment, but also because of their high cost. Thus, other alternatives that are less aggressive on the soil should be sought. Here, the use of organic matter (OM) based on Tithonia diversifolia was proposed as a possible solution to restore the fertility of this type of soil. The general objective was to evaluate its impact on the cultivation of soybeans sown in vegetation pots on two substrates, from the superficial layer (0-20 cm) and the deep layer (20-40 cm) in a two-factor experimental set-up. Three doses, equivalent to 0 kg (D0), 3 kg (D1) and 6 kg MO.m-2 (D2) were tested. According to the results obtained, the 3 kg MO.m-2 treatment, equivalent to 30 Mg.ha-1, was the best in all cases, particularly with regard to yield, which was equivalent to 3.72 Mg.ha-1 on the surface soil and 3.48 Mg.ha-1 on the deep soil. These results are far superior to those generally obtained in various trials across the country. The control, 0 kg OM, which had only a few nodules (8), gave a yield of only 0.486 Mg.ha-1. This proves that Rhizobium activity and development are inhibited in this soil and allows us to say that it is illusory to rely on symbiotic nitrogen fixation for the plant's needs. With the 6 kg OM.m-2 dose, a drop in yield was observed (1.642 Mg.ha-1 on average), probably due to excess nitrogen. However, in general, the soils of both layers (0-20 cm) and (20-40 cm) behaved almost the same.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"18 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89920058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrogen is the first mineral element limiting the level of production of many agricultural cropping systems in the world. Paradoxically, this element, which represents a significant burden for the farmer, escapes the system and pollutes waterways, groundwater and the atmosphere. Also, the loss of nitrogen, in various forms is an issue of most concern in the world today. As part of this work, we used urea because it is the most concentrated nitrogen fertilizer (46% N) and the widely used in agricultural practice due to its other advantages, in particular the low cost of transport, handling, storage and spreading. Notwithstanding its concentration, the highest in nitrogen among fertilizers, its application requires certain precautions to counter its dissipation, which limiting its efficiency in agricultural practice. It appears from this study that the ineffectiveness of urea observed in the soil of Kinshasa is due particularly to ammoniacal volatilization, which can last up to 12 days, which raises the pH of the soil to a maximum threshold greater than 9. This is exacerbated by the very low nitrification power of this soil
{"title":"Ineffectiveness of urea in an Arenoferralsol from Kinshasa","authors":"Mataba Mpongate Jared, Christophe Lumpungu Kabamba","doi":"10.56027/joasd.052023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.052023","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen is the first mineral element limiting the level of production of many agricultural cropping systems in the world. Paradoxically, this element, which represents a significant burden for the farmer, escapes the system and pollutes waterways, groundwater and the atmosphere. Also, the loss of nitrogen, in various forms is an issue of most concern in the world today. As part of this work, we used urea because it is the most concentrated nitrogen fertilizer (46% N) and the widely used in agricultural practice due to its other advantages, in particular the low cost of transport, handling, storage and spreading. Notwithstanding its concentration, the highest in nitrogen among fertilizers, its application requires certain precautions to counter its dissipation, which limiting its efficiency in agricultural practice. It appears from this study that the ineffectiveness of urea observed in the soil of Kinshasa is due particularly to ammoniacal volatilization, which can last up to 12 days, which raises the pH of the soil to a maximum threshold greater than 9. This is exacerbated by the very low nitrification power of this soil","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85150436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hamdani, F. Hoceini, Laid Benderradji, M. Sellami
The study conducted on the population dynamics of the olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina, (Costa, 1839), on the variety Chemlal in the oases of Boussaâda, during the first half of the year 2021, showed that the first numbers of the different biological stages of the insect are recorded in mid-March 2021, where all directions of the tree are infested while the northern and western directions are the most exposed to attacks of the pest. The first numbers of adults of E. olivina are recorded in mid-April, while mortality according to the directions of the tree is recorded on all cardinal directions of the tree, with a rate of about 39% on the northern direction.
{"title":"Population dynamics, spatiotemporal distribution of the olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina, (Costa, 1839) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) on the Chemlal variety in the Oasis of Boussaâda","authors":"M. Hamdani, F. Hoceini, Laid Benderradji, M. Sellami","doi":"10.56027/joasd.242022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.242022","url":null,"abstract":"The study conducted on the population dynamics of the olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina, (Costa, 1839), on the variety Chemlal in the oases of Boussaâda, during the first half of the year 2021, showed that the first numbers of the different biological stages of the insect are recorded in mid-March 2021, where all directions of the tree are infested while the northern and western directions are the most exposed to attacks of the pest. The first numbers of adults of E. olivina are recorded in mid-April, while mortality according to the directions of the tree is recorded on all cardinal directions of the tree, with a rate of about 39% on the northern direction.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80670710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The olive tree arranges no more water reserve that can be exploited during extremely dry periods. A failure of the olive yields observed during the last two decades. The annual production decreased from 150 000 tons to 50 000 tons of olives in the south of Tunisia. This degradation results, in fact from an obvious reduction in the biological activity of the ground. A new Strategy was employed to improve the organic status and restore the biological activity of the soil ground of the long-term. We have evaluated the effect of the of different plot treatment. A plot of olive tree speeded with 200 m3/ha dose of OMW during 10 years, P4; a plot of olive tree treated with tillage accompanied by 50 m3/ha dose OMW spreading lasting only a one year, P5 and a plot of olive tree cultivated with the introduction of the fig tree in parallel, P3. Untouched ground was used as control plot, P0. A comparison of these plots with a degraded ground of olive tree implanted since 1900, P2 and other ground degraded during 10 years, P1. The plot treated with OMW showed an OM value close to the value founded with P0 (Control Plot). The Phytotoxcity measured via germination index GI (percentage) was determined; an important increment ranged from 200% to 230% was obtained in the P3 and P5, respectively. Correlation analyses, among physiochemical parameters of soil and microbial biomass indicated several positive significant trends. The highest significant correlation was found between OM and TAMF (r=0.999, p<0.001). These results corroborate the notion that the microbial community structure is a good indicator of soil quality and the effects of different management practices, because the microorganisms respond against changes in soil management more rapidly than chemical or physical soil properties. However, in this work we found a negative correlation between respiration soil activity (Resp) and with OM (r=-0.533, p<0.05). In fact, CO2 sequestration took place. Indeed, increasing soil OM enhances the sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
{"title":"Soil activity behaviors after farming techniques application in The Chammak olive tree field","authors":"H. Rajhi, Bou Habib, M. Abichou","doi":"10.56027/joasd.232022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.232022","url":null,"abstract":"The olive tree arranges no more water reserve that can be exploited during extremely dry periods. A failure of the olive yields observed during the last two decades. The annual production decreased from 150 000 tons to 50 000 tons of olives in the south of Tunisia. This degradation results, in fact from an obvious reduction in the biological activity of the ground. A new Strategy was employed to improve the organic status and restore the biological activity of the soil ground of the long-term. We have evaluated the effect of the of different plot treatment. A plot of olive tree speeded with 200 m3/ha dose of OMW during 10 years, P4; a plot of olive tree treated with tillage accompanied by 50 m3/ha dose OMW spreading lasting only a one year, P5 and a plot of olive tree cultivated with the introduction of the fig tree in parallel, P3. Untouched ground was used as control plot, P0. A comparison of these plots with a degraded ground of olive tree implanted since 1900, P2 and other ground degraded during 10 years, P1. The plot treated with OMW showed an OM value close to the value founded with P0 (Control Plot). The Phytotoxcity measured via germination index GI (percentage) was determined; an important increment ranged from 200% to 230% was obtained in the P3 and P5, respectively. Correlation analyses, among physiochemical parameters of soil and microbial biomass indicated several positive significant trends. The highest significant correlation was found between OM and TAMF (r=0.999, p<0.001). These results corroborate the notion that the microbial community structure is a good indicator of soil quality and the effects of different management practices, because the microorganisms respond against changes in soil management more rapidly than chemical or physical soil properties. However, in this work we found a negative correlation between respiration soil activity (Resp) and with OM (r=-0.533, p<0.05). In fact, CO2 sequestration took place. Indeed, increasing soil OM enhances the sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87369245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Dhaouadi, Sihem Ben Maachia, A. Namsi, Ferdous Abouthief, K. Nagaz, Mohamed Moncef Masmoudi
The sustainability of agricultural productivity is closely related to the optimal exploitation of natural resources, namely the efficient water resources management. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the adopted strategies and the applied practices and systems relies on a number of criteria and parameters of which water productivity indices represent the most relevant criteria. In this context, the present study aims to assess the water productivity for date palm cultivation in Tunisia based on an accurate literature review of the previously published scientific papers and reports related to the different studies carried out in these agro-oases regions of the country for the evaluation of the different indices of water productivity. This review represents the main baseline document highlighting in an exhaustive way the challenging features related to water productivity for date palm agro-systems. The outcome of this review indicates that (i) the cultivated date surface is expanding, covering more than 58.000 ha with a total production of 355.000 tons in 2021(ii) the distribution of irrigation water is variable and irregular. iii) The reported water supply for date palm range from 20,000 to 30,000 m3/ha while a number of scientific-based calculations estimate the crop water requirements for regular date palm production is between 10,000 and 18,000 m3/ha (iv) the efficiency of water conservation techniques is related to numerous in farm factors related to the old traditional surface irrigation systems, to the soil salinization, alkalization and permeability loss and to the overexploitation issues of water resources that reaching is growing and may impact the productivity of date palms and sustainability of the production system (v) the estimation of the biophysical water productivity based on the reported data reaching barely 0.66kg/m3. This overview highlights the need for an accurate evaluation of the ecological efficiency of the used management measures to a clear appreciation of the new strategies and policies to face the current constraints with regard to all different driving forces influencing water productivity both at the macro and micro scale.
{"title":"Literature review on Water Productivity of date palm trees in Tunisian agro systems","authors":"L. Dhaouadi, Sihem Ben Maachia, A. Namsi, Ferdous Abouthief, K. Nagaz, Mohamed Moncef Masmoudi","doi":"10.56027/joasd.222022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.222022","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainability of agricultural productivity is closely related to the optimal exploitation of natural resources, namely the efficient water resources management. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the adopted strategies and the applied practices and systems relies on a number of criteria and parameters of which water productivity indices represent the most relevant criteria. In this context, the present study aims to assess the water productivity for date palm cultivation in Tunisia based on an accurate literature review of the previously published scientific papers and reports related to the different studies carried out in these agro-oases regions of the country for the evaluation of the different indices of water productivity. This review represents the main baseline document highlighting in an exhaustive way the challenging features related to water productivity for date palm agro-systems. The outcome of this review indicates that (i) the cultivated date surface is expanding, covering more than 58.000 ha with a total production of 355.000 tons in 2021(ii) the distribution of irrigation water is variable and irregular. iii) The reported water supply for date palm range from 20,000 to 30,000 m3/ha while a number of scientific-based calculations estimate the crop water requirements for regular date palm production is between 10,000 and 18,000 m3/ha (iv) the efficiency of water conservation techniques is related to numerous in farm factors related to the old traditional surface irrigation systems, to the soil salinization, alkalization and permeability loss and to the overexploitation issues of water resources that reaching is growing and may impact the productivity of date palms and sustainability of the production system (v) the estimation of the biophysical water productivity based on the reported data reaching barely 0.66kg/m3. This overview highlights the need for an accurate evaluation of the ecological efficiency of the used management measures to a clear appreciation of the new strategies and policies to face the current constraints with regard to all different driving forces influencing water productivity both at the macro and micro scale.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78953279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study is to evaluate, by incubation in the laboratory, the hydrolysis and mineralization of urea in an Arenoferralsol and a Ferralsol and to estimate the quantity of CO2 released during 15 days. In Arenoferralsol, the sharp rise in pH observed until the 7thday of incubation indicates a strong hydrolysis of urea, inhibiting the activity of microorganisms and causing low nitrogen mineralization. The sharp rise in pH correlates with the massive volatilization of NH3 recorded at this level. Beyond the 7th day of incubation, the decrease in volatile NH3 began, the resumption of microbial activity and the increase in nitrification. In the Ferralsol, a slight rise in pH was recorded until the 7th day, indicating a weak release of NH3, a weak microbial respiration and a weak transformation of urea nitrogen. The pH, although raised to 5.55, remained in the zone of high acidity. The drop in pH observed from the 11th day of incubation slightly stimulated the formation of NH4+-N and CO2 still remaining low. Thus, the NO3--N content experienced some increase. Hence, the conclusion that nitrification in this type of soil is very slow due to its high acidity. From our observed results, nitrification and volatilization seem to be more active in Arenoferralsol than in Ferralsol. Because, the acid state of Ferralsol and the quality of the organic matter combine to inhibit nitrification by destroying microbial life, especially those responsible for nitrification.
{"title":"Evaluation of ammoniacal volatilization and urea nitrogen transformation in two soils of the DR Congo","authors":"Mataba Mpongate Jared, Lumpungu Kabamba Christophe","doi":"10.56027/joasd.262022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.262022","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate, by incubation in the laboratory, the hydrolysis and mineralization of urea in an Arenoferralsol and a Ferralsol and to estimate the quantity of CO2 released during 15 days. In Arenoferralsol, the sharp rise in pH observed until the 7thday of incubation indicates a strong hydrolysis of urea, inhibiting the activity of microorganisms and causing low nitrogen mineralization. The sharp rise in pH correlates with the massive volatilization of NH3 recorded at this level. Beyond the 7th day of incubation, the decrease in volatile NH3 began, the resumption of microbial activity and the increase in nitrification. In the Ferralsol, a slight rise in pH was recorded until the 7th day, indicating a weak release of NH3, a weak microbial respiration and a weak transformation of urea nitrogen. The pH, although raised to 5.55, remained in the zone of high acidity. The drop in pH observed from the 11th day of incubation slightly stimulated the formation of NH4+-N and CO2 still remaining low. Thus, the NO3--N content experienced some increase. Hence, the conclusion that nitrification in this type of soil is very slow due to its high acidity. From our observed results, nitrification and volatilization seem to be more active in Arenoferralsol than in Ferralsol. Because, the acid state of Ferralsol and the quality of the organic matter combine to inhibit nitrification by destroying microbial life, especially those responsible for nitrification.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79719863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sameh Ben Chaaban, A. Hafsi, K. Mahjoubi, Noureddine Nasr, B. Chermiti
In Tunisia oases, the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata affect heavily fruit production. The efficiency of the mass trapping technique based on the use of Cera Trap® was evaluated in two types of oases in the south of Tunisia against C.capitata. Our results showed that in the traditional oasis (mixed orchard), the medfly moves from one fruit specie to another according to their receptivity periods. The population density of medflies started low and peaked three times (16 Jun, 23 Jun, and 7 July) corresponding to the maturation period of apricot fig and peach fruits. The field study showed that medfly population density and rate of fruit damage were significantly lower in figs than in peaches and apricot. Modern oases have later apricot fruit maturity periods than traditional oases, and their medfly populations peaked at 19 Mai. Ceratrap® reduces 2, 2, and 6 times the population density of Mediterranean fruit fly and the rate of damaged fruits compared to untreated plots. These two parameters were twofold less in modern oases than in traditional oases. These results suggest that the use of traps at the density of 70 per ha is sufficient to protect crops under high population densities of C. capitata characterizing the traditional oases agricultural systems.
{"title":"Management of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Tunisian oases by mass trapping methods","authors":"Sameh Ben Chaaban, A. Hafsi, K. Mahjoubi, Noureddine Nasr, B. Chermiti","doi":"10.56027/joasd.252022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56027/joasd.252022","url":null,"abstract":"In Tunisia oases, the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata affect heavily fruit production. The efficiency of the mass trapping technique based on the use of Cera Trap® was evaluated in two types of oases in the south of Tunisia against C.capitata. Our results showed that in the traditional oasis (mixed orchard), the medfly moves from one fruit specie to another according to their receptivity periods. The population density of medflies started low and peaked three times (16 Jun, 23 Jun, and 7 July) corresponding to the maturation period of apricot fig and peach fruits. The field study showed that medfly population density and rate of fruit damage were significantly lower in figs than in peaches and apricot. Modern oases have later apricot fruit maturity periods than traditional oases, and their medfly populations peaked at 19 Mai. Ceratrap® reduces 2, 2, and 6 times the population density of Mediterranean fruit fly and the rate of damaged fruits compared to untreated plots. These two parameters were twofold less in modern oases than in traditional oases. These results suggest that the use of traps at the density of 70 per ha is sufficient to protect crops under high population densities of C. capitata characterizing the traditional oases agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89749472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n37.06
Daniel Lemus-Delgado
Este artículo analiza la relación entre el contexto geográfico como un espacio físico y la narrativa histórica como un espacio imaginado en la conformación de la identidad nacional taiwanesa. Basado en la propuesta teórica del constructivismo, que enfatiza la importancia de la identidad en la conformación de los intereses de los Estados, se propone que las condiciones geográficas e históricas de Taiwán han desarrollado una identidad nacional distinta y diferenciada de la identidad china. Para ello, se asume una visión que sugiere que el contexto geográfico no solo genera condiciones materiales, sino también posibilita una serie de interacciones sociales que convierten al territorio también en un espacio “imaginado”, el cual es el resultado de narrativas históricas. Así, los elementos que conforman la identidad taiwanesa inciden en la política exterior de este Estado, particularmente en el caso de la búsqueda el reconocimiento internacional. Como conclusión, se destaca la manera en que el caso de Taiwán evidencia la forma como la identidad influye en la política exterior.
{"title":"Reflexiones sobre la política exterior de Taiwán: entre espacios reales e imaginados","authors":"Daniel Lemus-Delgado","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n37.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.06","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo analiza la relación entre el contexto geográfico como un espacio físico y la narrativa histórica como un espacio imaginado en la conformación de la identidad nacional taiwanesa. Basado en la propuesta teórica del constructivismo, que enfatiza la importancia de la identidad en la conformación de los intereses de los Estados, se propone que las condiciones geográficas e históricas de Taiwán han desarrollado una identidad nacional distinta y diferenciada de la identidad china. Para ello, se asume una visión que sugiere que el contexto geográfico no solo genera condiciones materiales, sino también posibilita una serie de interacciones sociales que convierten al territorio también en un espacio “imaginado”, el cual es el resultado de narrativas históricas. Así, los elementos que conforman la identidad taiwanesa inciden en la política exterior de este Estado, particularmente en el caso de la búsqueda el reconocimiento internacional. Como conclusión, se destaca la manera en que el caso de Taiwán evidencia la forma como la identidad influye en la política exterior.","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83393598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n37.16
José Luis Perelló Cabrera
{"title":"Turismo en el Caribe: pasado, presente y futuro","authors":"José Luis Perelló Cabrera","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n37.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76437961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.18601/16577558.n37.09
Erwan Lannon
La Unión Europea (UE), que desea convertirse en un actor de la gobernanza internacional de los océanos, está desarrollando relaciones específicas y más estratégicas con los pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo (PEID). En efecto, la existencia de regiones ultraperiféricas de la UE y de países y territorios de ultramar situados en el océano Atlántico, incluido el Caribe, el gran océano Índico y en el Pacífico significa también, más allá de la historia y la cultura, una proximidad geográfica entre la UE y la mayoría de los PEID. La estrategia de cooperación de la UE en el Indo-Pacífico reforzará esta tendencia. Para analizar críticamente estas relaciones, esta contribución se centra en las dimensiones geopolíticas, comerciales y de cooperación, ante todo desde una perspectiva geojurídica. Intentamos responder dos preguntas ¿cuál es la importancia de los PEID para la UE? ¿Y qué puede ofrecer la UE para ayudar a los PEID a desarrollar sus capacidades y promover la cooperación regional en el difícil contexto actual?
{"title":"The European Union and Small Island Developing States: The Geo-political/legal, Trade, and Cooperation Dimensions","authors":"Erwan Lannon","doi":"10.18601/16577558.n37.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.09","url":null,"abstract":"La Unión Europea (UE), que desea convertirse en un actor de la gobernanza internacional de los océanos, está desarrollando relaciones específicas y más estratégicas con los pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo (PEID). En efecto, la existencia de regiones ultraperiféricas de la UE y de países y territorios de ultramar situados en el océano Atlántico, incluido el Caribe, el gran océano Índico y en el Pacífico significa también, más allá de la historia y la cultura, una proximidad geográfica entre la UE y la mayoría de los PEID. La estrategia de cooperación de la UE en el Indo-Pacífico reforzará esta tendencia. Para analizar críticamente estas relaciones, esta contribución se centra en las dimensiones geopolíticas, comerciales y de cooperación, ante todo desde una perspectiva geojurídica. Intentamos responder dos preguntas ¿cuál es la importancia de los PEID para la UE? ¿Y qué puede ofrecer la UE para ayudar a los PEID a desarrollar sus capacidades y promover la cooperación regional en el difícil contexto actual?","PeriodicalId":16583,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF OASIS AGRICULTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","volume":"61 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91508519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：