Journal of Ovarian Research最新文献

Background: Diazinon (DZN), a widely used agricultural pesticide, causes toxic effects on the reproductive system, leading to oxidative stress and impaired follicular development.

Objectives: Due to its established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, this experimental study aims to evaluate the potential protective effects of pistachio pericarp essential oil (PPEO) in mitigating DZN-induced ovarian damage in mice, with a focus on preserving ovarian structure and function.

Methods: Forty-eight female NMRI mice (10-12 weeks old) were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8 per group), receiving different treatments for 28 days. The control group was given a standard diet, while experimental groups received 30 mg/kg/day DZN, DZN combined with 5% or 10% PPEO, or 10% PPEO alone. The ovaries were processed for histomorphometric analysis on every fifth ovarian section, classifying follicles into primordial, primary, secondary, and antral stages. Follicular volume was estimated using the Cavalieri method, and follicle diameters were measured using specialized software.

Results: Ovary, cortex, and medulla volumes were significantly lower in the DZN group than those of the control group, and the decrease in all follicular stages (otoogonia, primordial, primary, secondary, and antral) was marked. On the other hand, the 10% PPEO group indicates statistically significant ovarian weight (1.9 ± 0.14 mg) and volumes. More importantly, co-administration of PPEO, especially at a 10% dose, exerted marked corrective effects against the DZN-induced loss in follicular counts by improving both follicular survival and ovarian structure.

Conclusion: DZN disrupts ovarian function by inducing oxidative stress and damaging follicular development. PPEO offers productive protection against DZN by enhancing antioxidant defenses and successfully maintaining ovarian structure and folliculogenesis.

Background: Primary peritoneal clear cell carcinoma (PPCCC) is an exceptionally rare malignancy that closely resembles gynecologic epithelial cancers clinically and histologically. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood, with possible origins from Müllerian metaplasia or malignant transformation of endometriosis.

Case presentation: A 48-year-old woman with no history of endometriosis or hormone therapy presented with acute lower abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a pelvic mass and a lesion in the pancreatic tail. The patient underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Intraoperatively, the pelvic mass was located in the peritoneum, while the gynecologic organs appeared grossly normal. Histopathologic examination of the pelvic, pancreatic, and splenic lesions revealed identical features of clear cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for PAX8, CK7, and HNF1β, with loss of MSH2 and MSH6. Next-generation sequencing revealed ARID1A loss and somatic PIK3CA mutations. No primary ovarian, endometrial, or renal tumor was detected, supporting a diagnosis of primary peritoneal clear cell carcinoma with metastases to the pancreas and spleen.

Conclusions: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of PPCCC and offers valuable insights into the clinical and pathological spectrum of this underrecognized malignancy.

Background: Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 may impair DNA repair in the ovarian cortex, leading to increased oocyte apoptosis, thus, affecting ovarian reserve. Aim of this study was to assess follicular density in ovarian biopsies from women with breast cancer carrying BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations who underwent ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) at our center.

Methods: This was a single center, observational, cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary level referral center for fertility preservation treatment. Exclusion criteria were: patients aged < 18 years or > 38 years, patients who had already undergone chemotherapy/pelvic radiotherapy at the time of OTC, patients without data on follicular density and those with unknown BRCA mutational status. Follicular density was defined as the number of primordial, intermediate primordial, small primary, large primary, secondary, preantral, and antral follicles per 1 mm² of cortical section area.

Results: Out of 216 patients, 21 women reported germline mutation: 9 (4.2%) were carriers of the BRCA1 mutation and 13 (6%) of the BRCA2 mutation. The mean age at OTC was 31.5 ± 3.6 years, and the median age was 32.4 years (range, 21-38). No significant difference in follicular density was observed among women without BRCA mutations, those with BRCA1 mutations, and those with BRCA2 mutations. The median follicular density was 4.0/mm² (range 0-74.5) in BRCA-negative women, 3.5/mm² (range 0-20) in women with BRCA1 mutations, and 4.0/mm² (range 0-32) in women with BRCA2 mutations (p = 0.272 and p = 0.703, respectively). After adjusting for age, no statistically significant differences in follicular density were observed according to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status: the median follicular density was 4.6/mm² in BRCA-negative women, 3.1/mm² in women with BRCA1 mutations, and 3.6/mm² in women with BRCA2 mutations (p = 0.428 and p = 0.385, respectively).

Conclusions: No significant difference in follicular density was observed between women with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations and those without. Our findings suggest that the presence of a BRCA mutation does not have a significant negative clinical impact on the follicular population of the ovarian cortex. Larger studies are needed to further validate these findings.

Background: Recent investigations reported an association between clear cell ovarian cancer(CCOC) and abnormal immune regulation, but the causal relationship among this association and specific immune cell the features needs further elucidation. The aim of the research conducted had been to investigate the potential causal impact of immune cell traits on CCOC applying a bivariate example Mendelian randomization(MR) journey.

Methods: We gathered genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on 731 categories of immunological cells and clear cell ovarian cancer from the currently published literature. To find the genetic associations between various immune cell traits and the risk of clear cell ovarian cancer, we employed inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analysis technique and carried out sensitivity analyses to confirm the accuracy of the findings.

Results: This study found that six immune features were associated with an increased risk of clear cell ovarian cancer, including various T-cell and B-cell markers. The results of reverse MR analysis show that clear cell ovarian cancer can lower the level of CD3 on CD39 + resting Treg. Sensitivity analysis showed no heterogeneity or level-dependent pleiotropy.

Conclusion: This study reveals the possible genetic connected among immunophenotype and the danger of CCOC, providing new genetic ideas for understanding the connection with immune cells and clear cell ovarian cancer, while providing theoretical support for exploring the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of CCOC.