Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036474
F. G. Montoya, A. Alcayde, P. Sánchez, J. Gómez, F. Martin
In this paper, a new open source project focused on power quality assessment and monitoring for low voltage power systems is presented. Power quality (PQ) is a crucial matter for proper and reliable operation of industrial or home electrical appliances. In order to improve PQ techniques, efforts are made to develop smart sensors that can report near real-time data. Proprietary software and hardware on dedicated computers or servers processes these data and shows relevant information through tables or graphics. In this situation, interoperability, compatibility and scalability are not possible because of the lack of open protocols. In our work, we introduce zEnergy, an open source platform for computing, storing and managing all of the information generated from smart sensors. We apply the most up-to-date algorithms developed for power quality, event detection, and harmonic analysis or power metering. zEnergy makes use of cutting-edge web technologies such as HTML5, CSS3 and Javascript to provide user-friendly interaction and powerful capabilities for the analysis, measurement and monitoring of power systems. All software used in our work is open source, running on Linux.
{"title":"zEnergy: An open source project for power quality assessment and monitoring","authors":"F. G. Montoya, A. Alcayde, P. Sánchez, J. Gómez, F. Martin","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036474","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new open source project focused on power quality assessment and monitoring for low voltage power systems is presented. Power quality (PQ) is a crucial matter for proper and reliable operation of industrial or home electrical appliances. In order to improve PQ techniques, efforts are made to develop smart sensors that can report near real-time data. Proprietary software and hardware on dedicated computers or servers processes these data and shows relevant information through tables or graphics. In this situation, interoperability, compatibility and scalability are not possible because of the lack of open protocols. In our work, we introduce zEnergy, an open source platform for computing, storing and managing all of the information generated from smart sensors. We apply the most up-to-date algorithms developed for power quality, event detection, and harmonic analysis or power metering. zEnergy makes use of cutting-edge web technologies such as HTML5, CSS3 and Javascript to provide user-friendly interaction and powerful capabilities for the analysis, measurement and monitoring of power systems. All software used in our work is open source, running on Linux.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125285184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036442
S. Gort, H. D. Doran, K. Weber, N. Hennchen
The implementation of wind turbines lagged state-of-the-art control capabilities for many years. This paper describes a control system for wind turbines which incorporates the major control elements for running a wind turbine as well as ensuring that energy from the inverters is injected into the electricity network at maximum efficiency. The paper critically analyses the functional improvements and strategic limitations imposed by the communication system.
{"title":"Communication aspects of wind turbine control-architecture re-design","authors":"S. Gort, H. D. Doran, K. Weber, N. Hennchen","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036442","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of wind turbines lagged state-of-the-art control capabilities for many years. This paper describes a control system for wind turbines which incorporates the major control elements for running a wind turbine as well as ensuring that energy from the inverters is injected into the electricity network at maximum efficiency. The paper critically analyses the functional improvements and strategic limitations imposed by the communication system.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125768973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036420
A. Luna, D. Aguilar, R. Muñoz-Aguilar, F. Córcoles, P. Rodríguez
The wind turbines based on Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) represent almost the 60% of the installed windpower worldwide. Nowadays most of the existing algorithms, used for regulating the production of active and reactive power in such systems, are based on control techniques that use rotational reference frames theories, where the dqO is maybe the most popular. Despite of its good operation under balanced conditions its behaviour depends on a good phase synchronization, otherwise the different transformations cannot be performed with enough guarantees. Of course this kind of response is becomming insuficient, as far as the windpower penetration is increasing. This paper will present a new control topology for DFIG, that are connected using back to back inverters, that is able to behave better in case of faulty grids. Besides some proposals for improving the operation of the DFIG will be presented as well. The aim of that part is to extend the possibilities that the back to back inverters are able to offer to the generator system by means of including new functionalities, as the active filtering capability or the reduction of the flicker emission that will be later discussed.
{"title":"Control proposals for the operation of power converters in wind power systems","authors":"A. Luna, D. Aguilar, R. Muñoz-Aguilar, F. Córcoles, P. Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036420","url":null,"abstract":"The wind turbines based on Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) represent almost the 60% of the installed windpower worldwide. Nowadays most of the existing algorithms, used for regulating the production of active and reactive power in such systems, are based on control techniques that use rotational reference frames theories, where the dqO is maybe the most popular. Despite of its good operation under balanced conditions its behaviour depends on a good phase synchronization, otherwise the different transformations cannot be performed with enough guarantees. Of course this kind of response is becomming insuficient, as far as the windpower penetration is increasing. This paper will present a new control topology for DFIG, that are connected using back to back inverters, that is able to behave better in case of faulty grids. Besides some proposals for improving the operation of the DFIG will be presented as well. The aim of that part is to extend the possibilities that the back to back inverters are able to offer to the generator system by means of including new functionalities, as the active filtering capability or the reduction of the flicker emission that will be later discussed.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125908283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036419
P. Lobato, J. Martins, A. Pires
In order to improve the dynamic performance of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG), strategies that reduce the machine torque ripple are required. This paper discusses the effect of the number of stator and rotor poles on the SRG design. A criteria, based on machine parameters and geometry symmetries, is defined to point optimal SR topologies for an effective torque ripple reduction. From a trapezoidal phase torque reference a magnetomotriz force is imposed and synchronised with the rotor position, in conjunction with a suitable design of the SR machine, to minimize torque ripple while maintaining the high average torque during the generating operation.
{"title":"A design criteria for torque ripple reduction in Switched Reluctance Generators","authors":"P. Lobato, J. Martins, A. Pires","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036419","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the dynamic performance of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG), strategies that reduce the machine torque ripple are required. This paper discusses the effect of the number of stator and rotor poles on the SRG design. A criteria, based on machine parameters and geometry symmetries, is defined to point optimal SR topologies for an effective torque ripple reduction. From a trapezoidal phase torque reference a magnetomotriz force is imposed and synchronised with the rotor position, in conjunction with a suitable design of the SR machine, to minimize torque ripple while maintaining the high average torque during the generating operation.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116697198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036498
Yong Chen, Ralf Hesse, D. Turschner, H. Beck
This paper presents the improvement of power quality and grid stability for distributed generation using the virtual synchronous machine (VISMA) which embodies a hysteresis controlled three phase inverter with a synchronous machine model on an embedded control computer to calculate the reference currents. Currently the conventional grid-connected inverters are predominantly designed to transmit electrical energy to the grid discounting the maintenance of frequency and voltage and also its transient stability. However, the VISMA is able to regulate both the active and reactive power separately and bidirectionally by setting the virtual torque and virtual excitation to meet the power system requirements. Furthermore, a virtual rotating mass is implemented in the VISMA in order to increase the inertia in the grid and improve the transient frequency stability in analogy to the conventional synchronous generator. Additionally, the virtual damping of the VISMA can reduce the frequency and power oscillation in the grid. All these properties mentioned above have been verified in simulations and measurements in an experimental micro grid.
{"title":"Improving the grid power quality using virtual synchronous machines","authors":"Yong Chen, Ralf Hesse, D. Turschner, H. Beck","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036498","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the improvement of power quality and grid stability for distributed generation using the virtual synchronous machine (VISMA) which embodies a hysteresis controlled three phase inverter with a synchronous machine model on an embedded control computer to calculate the reference currents. Currently the conventional grid-connected inverters are predominantly designed to transmit electrical energy to the grid discounting the maintenance of frequency and voltage and also its transient stability. However, the VISMA is able to regulate both the active and reactive power separately and bidirectionally by setting the virtual torque and virtual excitation to meet the power system requirements. Furthermore, a virtual rotating mass is implemented in the VISMA in order to increase the inertia in the grid and improve the transient frequency stability in analogy to the conventional synchronous generator. Additionally, the virtual damping of the VISMA can reduce the frequency and power oscillation in the grid. All these properties mentioned above have been verified in simulations and measurements in an experimental micro grid.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129905911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036520
R. Gregor, J. Balsevich, B. Bogado
This paper deals with the speed control of asymmetrical dual three-phase induction machines by using an inner loop of Predictive Current Control based on the Model (MBPC). The MBPC is obtained from the mathematical model of the drive, using a state-space representation, where the two states variables are the stator and rotor currents, respectively. In electrical drive applications, the rotor current is a non-measured parameter, so it is estimated using a reduced order estimator based on a Luenberger observer. Finally, simulation results are provided to examine the efficiency of the proposed control algorithm.
{"title":"Reduced-order observer for rotor current estimation in speed control of dual-three phase induction machine","authors":"R. Gregor, J. Balsevich, B. Bogado","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036520","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the speed control of asymmetrical dual three-phase induction machines by using an inner loop of Predictive Current Control based on the Model (MBPC). The MBPC is obtained from the mathematical model of the drive, using a state-space representation, where the two states variables are the stator and rotor currents, respectively. In electrical drive applications, the rotor current is a non-measured parameter, so it is estimated using a reduced order estimator based on a Luenberger observer. Finally, simulation results are provided to examine the efficiency of the proposed control algorithm.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128129985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036439
A. Ranjbar, M. Kiani, B. Fahimi
In this paper, existing methods for reliability evaluation of power electronic systems at system level are reviewed. Then Dynamic Markov Model (DMM) for reliability evaluation of power electronic system is proposed to solve the shortcomings associated with the existing methods. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method, reliability of a Boost Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit is evaluated. To show the advantage of the proposed method, DMM is compared with the conventional Markov model. Based on the comparison results it is shown that DMM can result in a more trustable metric value for reliability of the system.
本文对现有的电力电子系统可靠性评估方法进行了综述。针对现有方法的不足，提出了电力电子系统可靠性评估的动态马尔可夫模型(DMM)。为了证明该方法的有效性，对升压功率因数校正(Boost Power Factor Correction, PFC)电路的可靠性进行了评估。为了证明该方法的优越性，将DMM模型与传统的马尔可夫模型进行了比较。对比结果表明，DMM可以得到更可靠的系统可靠性度量值。
{"title":"Dynamic Markov Model for reliability evaluation of power electronic systems","authors":"A. Ranjbar, M. Kiani, B. Fahimi","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036439","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, existing methods for reliability evaluation of power electronic systems at system level are reviewed. Then Dynamic Markov Model (DMM) for reliability evaluation of power electronic system is proposed to solve the shortcomings associated with the existing methods. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method, reliability of a Boost Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit is evaluated. To show the advantage of the proposed method, DMM is compared with the conventional Markov model. Based on the comparison results it is shown that DMM can result in a more trustable metric value for reliability of the system.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128095675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036531
R. Cipín, M. Patočka, Jiří Vondruš
The paper deals with practical realization of the acceleration method for the torque-speed characteristics measurement of the tree-phase induction motor. Reached results are compared with the characteristics measured on the dynamometer. The authors propose to use B-splines for the processing of measured data Both their application and reached results are shown for the actual case. Further, the authors propose the measuring method of the moment of inertia of the rotor itself from the running up at the use of various numbers of additional flywheels.
{"title":"Acceleration method of the IM torque-speed characteristics measurement","authors":"R. Cipín, M. Patočka, Jiří Vondruš","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036531","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with practical realization of the acceleration method for the torque-speed characteristics measurement of the tree-phase induction motor. Reached results are compared with the characteristics measured on the dynamometer. The authors propose to use B-splines for the processing of measured data Both their application and reached results are shown for the actual case. Further, the authors propose the measuring method of the moment of inertia of the rotor itself from the running up at the use of various numbers of additional flywheels.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125569296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036476
F. Karimzadeh, A. Akbari, M. Ardebili
Dryformer is an oil-free power transformer that its windings are made of high voltage cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Leakage reactance calculation is a key step in transformer design process. Special structure of Dryformer makes conventional analytical methods useless for leakage reactance calculation in this type of transformer. In this paper, an analytical method is proposed for calculating leakage reactance of Dryformer based on its winding structure. The validity of proposed model is verified by means of 3D and 2D finite element models.
{"title":"Calculating Dryformer leakage reactance using analytical and finite element methods","authors":"F. Karimzadeh, A. Akbari, M. Ardebili","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036476","url":null,"abstract":"Dryformer is an oil-free power transformer that its windings are made of high voltage cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Leakage reactance calculation is a key step in transformer design process. Special structure of Dryformer makes conventional analytical methods useless for leakage reactance calculation in this type of transformer. In this paper, an analytical method is proposed for calculating leakage reactance of Dryformer based on its winding structure. The validity of proposed model is verified by means of 3D and 2D finite element models.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129202548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-11DOI: 10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036564
Yonghua Cheng
The impact of large scale integration of photovoltaic energy source in the electric power distribution network was assessed in many research projects before. However, the conclusions can not simply be applied in case of large scale integration of photovoltaic energy source on the low voltage distribution line due to the fact of simultaneous electricity production within less than one square kilometer. Therefore, the possible occurrence of fast and slow voltage fluctuation has been quantified with respect to the ratio between the power injection level and the short-circuit power level at the connecting point of the PV inverter(s) in this paper. Further the strategies of power management have been developed. Based on these strategies, power quality can be ensured with minimal energy storage combining with reactive power control.
{"title":"Methods for mitigating the effects of intermittent energy production of photovoltaic sources","authors":"Yonghua Cheng","doi":"10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERENG.2011.6036564","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of large scale integration of photovoltaic energy source in the electric power distribution network was assessed in many research projects before. However, the conclusions can not simply be applied in case of large scale integration of photovoltaic energy source on the low voltage distribution line due to the fact of simultaneous electricity production within less than one square kilometer. Therefore, the possible occurrence of fast and slow voltage fluctuation has been quantified with respect to the ratio between the power injection level and the short-circuit power level at the connecting point of the PV inverter(s) in this paper. Further the strategies of power management have been developed. Based on these strategies, power quality can be ensured with minimal energy storage combining with reactive power control.","PeriodicalId":166144,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132797480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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