Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000227
Qasimov Ryu, Hashimova Uf, M. Cha, Gaisina Aa, Vagabova Gr, A. Mekhtiev
It was shown that, depending on the ways of breeding and living conditions, realization of food-seeking and defensive behavioural reactions as well as single biochemical indexes (pattern of neurotransmitters and levels of free amino acids in the brain) in the wild type and hatchery-bred sturgeon juveniles differ significantly. Basing on the studied indexes, the juveniles, bred in the ponds, are close to the wild type juveniles, whereas the juveniles, bred by pool technique, are quite different from them.
{"title":"Comparative Studies of Several Physiologic and Biochemical Indexes of Wild Type and Hatchery-Bred Sturgeons in the Early Ontogenesis","authors":"Qasimov Ryu, Hashimova Uf, M. Cha, Gaisina Aa, Vagabova Gr, A. Mekhtiev","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000227","url":null,"abstract":"It was shown that, depending on the ways of breeding and living conditions, realization of food-seeking and defensive behavioural reactions as well as single biochemical indexes (pattern of neurotransmitters and levels of free amino acids in the brain) in the wild type and hatchery-bred sturgeon juveniles differ significantly. Basing on the studied indexes, the juveniles, bred in the ponds, are close to the wild type juveniles, whereas the juveniles, bred by pool technique, are quite different from them.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115166810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-25DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000224
M. Ramasamy, S. Rajangam
The Reba carp Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton) has a best food category fish in India and its adjacent countries. The natural resources of this species are on the way out due to over exploitation and habitat changes. Here, is an important consideration that should be taken into account to the develop conservation strategies of the species. Besides, the present investigation was designed the health condition, age and growth and assessment of feeding behaviour. Following this, the species health status was assessed by Fulton’s condition factor and reported their irrelevant growth related to the size. C. reba attained the highest growth rate in females than males were strongminded by von Bertallanffy Growth Factor parameters and Electronic Length Frequency Analysis. However, analysis of stomach contents was revealed that this species were observed an omnivore, particularly plankton feeder. So far, the objective of this study was to provide necessary inputs on the biological parameters of this species for artificial propagation programs and conserved natural populations in our riverine ecosystem.
{"title":"Age, growth and diet of Reba carp Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton 1822) in Lower Anicut reservoir, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"M. Ramasamy, S. Rajangam","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000224","url":null,"abstract":"The Reba carp Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton) has a best food category fish in India and its adjacent countries. The natural resources of this species are on the way out due to over exploitation and habitat changes. Here, is an important consideration that should be taken into account to the develop conservation strategies of the species. Besides, the present investigation was designed the health condition, age and growth and assessment of feeding behaviour. Following this, the species health status was assessed by Fulton’s condition factor and reported their irrelevant growth related to the size. C. reba attained the highest growth rate in females than males were strongminded by von Bertallanffy Growth Factor parameters and Electronic Length Frequency Analysis. However, analysis of stomach contents was revealed that this species were observed an omnivore, particularly plankton feeder. So far, the objective of this study was to provide necessary inputs on the biological parameters of this species for artificial propagation programs and conserved natural populations in our riverine ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126002270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-21DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000223
M. Ramasamy, S. Rajangam
Examine the reproductive biology of Cirrhinus reba at Lower Anicut reservoir and analyses of gonads assessed by ovarian cycles. Sex ratio, size at first maturity, GSI, macroscopic appearance ovary, fecundity, oocyte diameter and histological examination suggested as a result of spawning season. Males were 59.4% and females 40.6% suggested the ratio significantly deviated from expected 1:1. Size at 50% maturity estimated from logistic model curve 132 mm in males and 148 mm for females. GSI was represented increasing the development of gonads in both sexes until it was ripe and spent. During spawning, increasing the length and weight of gonads from immature to ripe, maximum values of GSI for both sexes (3.43%-3.49% to 4.09%- 6.01%) were obtained during April to August with peak in July. Size-frequency distribution of ova diameter were clearly indicate maximum values of diameter enclosed during July to corresponding microscopic stages of gonads. Five stages of oocyte development were determined through histological examination can be divided immature, maturing, matured, ripe and spent. Total length, weight, gonad length and weight were significantly related to fecundity. Stocks of C. reba were enclosing females spawn once a year during spawning season. Following, the implications for management and controlled feral carp stocks were discussed in detail.
{"title":"Maturation and Reproductive Biology of Reba Carp Cirrhinus Reba (Hamilton) in Lower Anicut Reservoir, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"M. Ramasamy, S. Rajangam","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000223","url":null,"abstract":"Examine the reproductive biology of Cirrhinus reba at Lower Anicut reservoir and analyses of gonads assessed by ovarian cycles. Sex ratio, size at first maturity, GSI, macroscopic appearance ovary, fecundity, oocyte diameter and histological examination suggested as a result of spawning season. Males were 59.4% and females 40.6% suggested the ratio significantly deviated from expected 1:1. Size at 50% maturity estimated from logistic model curve 132 mm in males and 148 mm for females. GSI was represented increasing the development of gonads in both sexes until it was ripe and spent. During spawning, increasing the length and weight of gonads from immature to ripe, maximum values of GSI for both sexes (3.43%-3.49% to 4.09%- 6.01%) were obtained during April to August with peak in July. Size-frequency distribution of ova diameter were clearly indicate maximum values of diameter enclosed during July to corresponding microscopic stages of gonads. Five stages of oocyte development were determined through histological examination can be divided immature, maturing, matured, ripe and spent. Total length, weight, gonad length and weight were significantly related to fecundity. Stocks of C. reba were enclosing females spawn once a year during spawning season. Following, the implications for management and controlled feral carp stocks were discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114301483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-15DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000222
M. Sheikh, M. Y. Laghari, Lashari Pk, A. R. Khooharo, N. T. Narejo
Present study was conducted to analyze the status of commercial important three major carps (Cirrihinus mirrigala, Labeo rohita and Catla catla) at Downstream Indus River. The samples were collected from March 2015 to February 2016, from eight major landing areas. A total of 11912 fish specimen were collected from all sites. In this investigation 77 freshwater fish species were identified, including 71 native species and 6 exotic species. All of recoded 77 fishes were belonged to 9 orders and 23 families. In all of them Family Cypirinidae was observed as the dominant family with 24 fish species (26%) followed by Bagridae 13 fish species (14%). In this investigation, three important commercial species Cirrihinus mirrigala, Labeo rohita and Catla catla had been identified as the fish fauna of special concern. Those contribute in all catches only 4.28%, 3.53% and 1.64%, respectively. Population of these economically important species is declining due to overexploitation, habitat degradation and aquatic pollution. Therefore, effective conservation measures are suggested to sustain major carps and fish fauna at Downstream Indus River.
{"title":"Current Status of Three Major Carps ( Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala and Catla catla ) In the Downstream Indus River, Sindh","authors":"M. Sheikh, M. Y. Laghari, Lashari Pk, A. R. Khooharo, N. T. Narejo","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000222","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was conducted to analyze the status of commercial important three major carps (Cirrihinus mirrigala, Labeo rohita and Catla catla) at Downstream Indus River. The samples were collected from March 2015 to February 2016, from eight major landing areas. A total of 11912 fish specimen were collected from all sites. In this investigation 77 freshwater fish species were identified, including 71 native species and 6 exotic species. All of recoded 77 fishes were belonged to 9 orders and 23 families. In all of them Family Cypirinidae was observed as the dominant family with 24 fish species (26%) followed by Bagridae 13 fish species (14%). In this investigation, three important commercial species Cirrihinus mirrigala, Labeo rohita and Catla catla had been identified as the fish fauna of special concern. Those contribute in all catches only 4.28%, 3.53% and 1.64%, respectively. Population of these economically important species is declining due to overexploitation, habitat degradation and aquatic pollution. Therefore, effective conservation measures are suggested to sustain major carps and fish fauna at Downstream Indus River.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"32 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125706872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-15DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000217
Maksudul Alam, S. K. Paul, K. Marma
A total of 150 farmers from three unions in Gomastapur upazila under Chapai Nawabgonj district were selected for determination of their aquaculture technology and knowledge. In this study, 83% of the fish farmers were adopted with extensive technology and rest 17% with semi-intensive technology. The aquaculture knowledge consisted of 6 levels such as, remembering, understanding, analyzing, synthesizing, evaluating and creating. The aquaculture knowledge of the fish farmers on different aspect of pond fish culture practices such as, pond biology, pond preparation, species selection and stocking density, water colour monitoring, pond fertilization, feed and feeding, disease control, harvesting and restocking, risk management and marketing revealed that most of the fish farmers belonged to low knowledge category. A few portion of the fish farmers had high knowledge. Most of the fish farmers had relatively better score on the first two levels (remembering and understanding) of knowledge. The farmers had low score on the analyzing, synthesizing, evaluating and creating component of knowledge. Among the personal characteristics of the farmers’ education, extension media contact and aquaculture training experience were observed to be significant and positively related with their fisheries knowledge. But age, total income, religious affiliation and family size of the respondents had no relation with aquaculture knowledge.
{"title":"Study on Existing Technology and Knowledge on Aquaculture by Fish Farmers in Gomastapur Upazila of Chapai Nawabgonj District, Bangladesh","authors":"Maksudul Alam, S. K. Paul, K. Marma","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000217","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 150 farmers from three unions in Gomastapur upazila under Chapai Nawabgonj district were selected for determination of their aquaculture technology and knowledge. In this study, 83% of the fish farmers were adopted with extensive technology and rest 17% with semi-intensive technology. The aquaculture knowledge consisted of 6 levels such as, remembering, understanding, analyzing, synthesizing, evaluating and creating. The aquaculture knowledge of the fish farmers on different aspect of pond fish culture practices such as, pond biology, pond preparation, species selection and stocking density, water colour monitoring, pond fertilization, feed and feeding, disease control, harvesting and restocking, risk management and marketing revealed that most of the fish farmers belonged to low knowledge category. A few portion of the fish farmers had high knowledge. Most of the fish farmers had relatively better score on the first two levels (remembering and understanding) of knowledge. The farmers had low score on the analyzing, synthesizing, evaluating and creating component of knowledge. Among the personal characteristics of the farmers’ education, extension media contact and aquaculture training experience were observed to be significant and positively related with their fisheries knowledge. But age, total income, religious affiliation and family size of the respondents had no relation with aquaculture knowledge.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114178296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-11DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000221
A. Olanrewaju, E. Ajani, Kareem Okk
The knowledge of length-weight relationship parameters has numerous practical applications in fishery research and management. However, there is currently dearth of information on the growth pattern and state of well-being of Parachanna obscura in Eleyele Reservoir. This study therefore investigates the allometry and condition factor of P. obscura inhabiting the Eleyele Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria. 688 specimens of P. obscura were collected from artisanal fishers’ at their landing sites on a bimonthly basis for 24 months. Standard Length (SL, cm), and Body Weight (BW, g) were measured. Length-Weight Relationships (b>3 or <3-allometric; b=3-isometric), and condition factor (K) were calculated using standard formula. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. The SL and BW of P. obscura ranged from 10.6 to 39.2 and 15.3 to 830.5 respectively. The LWR were 3.04 (male) and 2.99 (female) indicating positive allometric pattern of growth in male and negative allometric growth in female. The growth coefficient b ranged between 2.877 in July and 3.348 in May, with very significant coefficient of determination r2 for all the months. Variations recorded in the b value of different size groups showed positive allometric growth in 10.1 cm -15.0 cm, 15.1 cm -20.0 cm and 20.1 cm -25.0 cm, but negative allometric growth in 25.1 cm -30.0 cm and 30.1 cm -40.0 cm. The maximum (1.54 ± 0.12) K was noticed during March 2016 and the minimum (1.30 ± 0.7) K in September 2015. Significant variation occurred in K with size groups. The mean K value in females (1.43 ± 0.21 and 1.44 ± 0.20) was higher than males (1.40 ± 0.18 and 1.42 ± 0.17) for 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, respectively. The results indicated that P. obscura were thriving very well in Eleyele Reservoir.
长度-权重关系参数的知识在渔业研究和管理中有许多实际应用。然而，目前对Eleyele水库中暗箱伞的生长模式和健康状况缺乏了解。本研究对栖息在尼日利亚西南部Eleyele水库的暗箱小蠊的异速生长和生存条件进行了调查。在24个月的时间里，每隔两个月从渔民的着水点采集688份暗箱小蠊标本。测量标准长度(SL, cm)和体重(BW, g)。长度-权重关系(b>3或<3-异速;b=3-等距)，条件因子(K)采用标准公式计算。数据分析采用描述性统计和方差分析，α0.05。黑桫椤的SL值为10.6 ~ 39.2,BW值为15.3 ~ 80.5。LWR分别为3.04(雄)和2.99(雌)，表明雄的生长模式为正异速生长，雌的生长模式为负异速生长。生长系数b在7月为2.877 ~ 5月为3.348之间，各月份的决定系数r2均非常显著。不同大小组的b值变化在10.1 cm -15.0 cm、15.1 cm -20.0 cm和20.1 cm -25.0 cm呈正异速生长，在25.1 cm -30.0 cm和30.1 cm -40.0 cm呈负异速生长。最大(1.54±0.12)K出现在2016年3月，最小(1.30±0.7)K出现在2015年9月。K与大小组存在显著差异。2014-2015年和2015-2016年，女性的平均K值分别为1.43±0.21和1.44±0.20，高于男性(1.40±0.18和1.42±0.17)。结果表明，黑桫椤在Eleyele水库生长良好。
{"title":"Length-weight Relationships and State of Well-being of Parachanna obscura Gunther1861, in Eleyele Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"A. Olanrewaju, E. Ajani, Kareem Okk","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000221","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of length-weight relationship parameters has numerous practical applications in fishery research and management. However, there is currently dearth of information on the growth pattern and state of well-being of Parachanna obscura in Eleyele Reservoir. This study therefore investigates the allometry and condition factor of P. obscura inhabiting the Eleyele Reservoir, Southwestern Nigeria. 688 specimens of P. obscura were collected from artisanal fishers’ at their landing sites on a bimonthly basis for 24 months. Standard Length (SL, cm), and Body Weight (BW, g) were measured. Length-Weight Relationships (b>3 or <3-allometric; b=3-isometric), and condition factor (K) were calculated using standard formula. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. The SL and BW of P. obscura ranged from 10.6 to 39.2 and 15.3 to 830.5 respectively. The LWR were 3.04 (male) and 2.99 (female) indicating positive allometric pattern of growth in male and negative allometric growth in female. The growth coefficient b ranged between 2.877 in July and 3.348 in May, with very significant coefficient of determination r2 for all the months. Variations recorded in the b value of different size groups showed positive allometric growth in 10.1 cm -15.0 cm, 15.1 cm -20.0 cm and 20.1 cm -25.0 cm, but negative allometric growth in 25.1 cm -30.0 cm and 30.1 cm -40.0 cm. The maximum (1.54 ± 0.12) K was noticed during March 2016 and the minimum (1.30 ± 0.7) K in September 2015. Significant variation occurred in K with size groups. The mean K value in females (1.43 ± 0.21 and 1.44 ± 0.20) was higher than males (1.40 ± 0.18 and 1.42 ± 0.17) for 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, respectively. The results indicated that P. obscura were thriving very well in Eleyele Reservoir.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114914153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-07DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000220
Zhong-hua Pan, Xuehong Song, Xiaolong Hu, Renyu Xue, G. Cao, M. S. Zar, Dhiraj Kumar, Yongjie Feng, Yuhong Wei, Weiye Zhang, Weiye Zhang, C. Gong
Hepatopancreas necrosis disease (HPND) is a disease and serious impacts on the industry of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) culture, however the actual cause of this disease is still not known. In the present study, to explore the pathogenic changes and risk factors caused by HPND, ultrathin sections of different tissues from the diseased crabs were observed with transmission electron microscope. The hepatopancreatic cells, spermatogonium, gill tissues and muscle cells of the diseased crabs showed severe structural and morphological changes. To further investigate whether HPND was caused by pathogenic microorganism, the healthy crabs were fed/injected with diseased tissues, the symptoms of HPND were not found, suggesting that HPND was not caused by virus or microsporidian infections. In addition, the toxic effect of avermectin and high pH water were also examined in this study. 40% (p<0.01) crabs with HPND symptoms were found after breeding crabs in water with 9.5 pH to 10 pH for 14 days, but the crabs with no HPND symptoms were found when they were raised in water with different concentrations of avermectin. The results indicated that HPND was not caused by virus or microsporidian and might be induced by water of high pH value or other environmental factors.
{"title":"Pathological Changes and Risk Factors of Hepatopancreas Necrosis Disease of Mitten Crab, Eriocheir Sinensis","authors":"Zhong-hua Pan, Xuehong Song, Xiaolong Hu, Renyu Xue, G. Cao, M. S. Zar, Dhiraj Kumar, Yongjie Feng, Yuhong Wei, Weiye Zhang, Weiye Zhang, C. Gong","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatopancreas necrosis disease (HPND) is a disease and serious impacts on the industry of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) culture, however the actual cause of this disease is still not known. In the present study, to explore the pathogenic changes and risk factors caused by HPND, ultrathin sections of different tissues from the diseased crabs were observed with transmission electron microscope. The hepatopancreatic cells, spermatogonium, gill tissues and muscle cells of the diseased crabs showed severe structural and morphological changes. To further investigate whether HPND was caused by pathogenic microorganism, the healthy crabs were fed/injected with diseased tissues, the symptoms of HPND were not found, suggesting that HPND was not caused by virus or microsporidian infections. In addition, the toxic effect of avermectin and high pH water were also examined in this study. 40% (p<0.01) crabs with HPND symptoms were found after breeding crabs in water with 9.5 pH to 10 pH for 14 days, but the crabs with no HPND symptoms were found when they were raised in water with different concentrations of avermectin. The results indicated that HPND was not caused by virus or microsporidian and might be induced by water of high pH value or other environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132353989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000219
AO Ajibade, EK Ajani, Bamidele O. Omitoyin
The use of natural organic extract instead of synthetic chemicals in harvesting wild fish and eliminating unwanted aquatic biota is popular in Nigeria. This research, therefore, investigated the possibility of using the root extract of a common weed in southwestern Nigeria, named P. alliacea, in checkmating the predatory influence of nymphs of dragonfly which frequently attack fry of African mud catfish. Activity of extract was first assessed through a brine shrimp test in a 24 hr investigation before concentrations of 0.0 g/l, 0.22 g/l, 0.48 g/l, and 1.06 g/l were applied under laboratory conditions in plastic aquaria against the naiads. The 96 hr Lc50 was 0.47 g/l obtained using probit analysis. The regression equation for the probit curve was y=3.173+3.5 (y=probit value, x=actual concentration and r=0.7=coefficient of correlation). An average of six fry and one fry were consumed by one dragonfly nymph every 96 hr at two weeks and three weeks old, respectively.
{"title":"The predatory behaviour of nymphs of dragonfly ( Africocypha varicolor ) on fry of African mud catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) and control by skunk weed ( Petivera alliacea ) root-extract in aquaculture","authors":"AO Ajibade, EK Ajani, Bamidele O. Omitoyin","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000219","url":null,"abstract":"The use of natural organic extract instead of synthetic chemicals in harvesting wild fish and eliminating unwanted aquatic biota is popular in Nigeria. This research, therefore, investigated the possibility of using the root extract of a common weed in southwestern Nigeria, named P. alliacea, in checkmating the predatory influence of nymphs of dragonfly which frequently attack fry of African mud catfish. Activity of extract was first assessed through a brine shrimp test in a 24 hr investigation before concentrations of 0.0 g/l, 0.22 g/l, 0.48 g/l, and 1.06 g/l were applied under laboratory conditions in plastic aquaria against the naiads. The 96 hr Lc50 was 0.47 g/l obtained using probit analysis. The regression equation for the probit curve was y=3.173+3.5 (y=probit value, x=actual concentration and r=0.7=coefficient of correlation). An average of six fry and one fry were consumed by one dragonfly nymph every 96 hr at two weeks and three weeks old, respectively.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115467569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-31DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000218
P. Das, M. Hossain, B. S. Sarker, A. Parvin, S. Das, M. Moniruzzaman, B. Saha
In these studies, we had determined the concentrations of heavy metals in P. hypophthalmus including sediment, water and Fish organs (gills, flesh, and liver) in order to evaluate the possible risk of consumption. Concentration of heavy metal was not significantly presence of water whereas heavy metal in sediment Ni: 26.31 mgkg-1-33.03 mgkg-1; Cu: 13.00 mgkg-1-23.20 mgkg-1; Cr: 7.31 mgkg-1-15.41 mgkg-1; Pb: 6.43 mgkg-1-8.65 mgkg-1; Cd: BDL (Below Detection Limits) were higher than that of fish parts (Cu-11.96, Pb-6.29, Cd-0.16 Ni-4.23, and Cr-11.03) mgkg-1Metal concentration in fish feed followed the sequence Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd and found that both farm feeds were more or less same quality except one or two metals. The concentration of heavy metals recorded in the fish parts also indicated a certain degree of bio-accumulation. The concentration of all metals in water were below the WHO and FEPA recommended limits and suggested that the water of the farm are safe and suitable for use, but the concentration of heavy metals in gills, kidney and liver of the fish are high beyond the tolerable level, which indicated that as far as these metals are concerned, the fish is unfit for human consumption.
{"title":"Heavy Metals in Farm Sediments, Feeds and Bioaccumulation of Some Selected Heavy Metals in Various Tissues of Farmed Pangasius hypophthalmus in Bangladesh","authors":"P. Das, M. Hossain, B. S. Sarker, A. Parvin, S. Das, M. Moniruzzaman, B. Saha","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000218","url":null,"abstract":"In these studies, we had determined the concentrations of heavy metals in P. hypophthalmus including sediment, water and Fish organs (gills, flesh, and liver) in order to evaluate the possible risk of consumption. Concentration of heavy metal was not significantly presence of water whereas heavy metal in sediment Ni: 26.31 mgkg-1-33.03 mgkg-1; Cu: 13.00 mgkg-1-23.20 mgkg-1; Cr: 7.31 mgkg-1-15.41 mgkg-1; Pb: 6.43 mgkg-1-8.65 mgkg-1; Cd: BDL (Below Detection Limits) were higher than that of fish parts (Cu-11.96, Pb-6.29, Cd-0.16 Ni-4.23, and Cr-11.03) mgkg-1Metal concentration in fish feed followed the sequence Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd and found that both farm feeds were more or less same quality except one or two metals. The concentration of heavy metals recorded in the fish parts also indicated a certain degree of bio-accumulation. The concentration of all metals in water were below the WHO and FEPA recommended limits and suggested that the water of the farm are safe and suitable for use, but the concentration of heavy metals in gills, kidney and liver of the fish are high beyond the tolerable level, which indicated that as far as these metals are concerned, the fish is unfit for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128816671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-24DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000216
O. M. Akinloye, Fawole Olatunde Olubanjo
Despite the existence of environmental legislations in Nigeria, aquatic environment has remained the sewer for wastes not minding its implications on the resident resources. Heavy metals pollution has become a worldwide concern and this may be due to their ability to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms which is a source of livelihood for human populations. Therefore, this work aimed at assessing heavy metal accumulation in Clarias buthupogon and Heterobranchus longifilis in Asa River, Nigeria. After reconnaissance survey, fish samples were collected using hooks, traps and cast nets of various sizes twice monthly between April 2011 and March 2013 and were identified immediately. The samples were processed and heavy metal concentrations were determined in the gill, liver and muscle using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Different metals were analysed in the gill, liver and muscle of the sampled fish species and the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the T-test statistical package to determine the level of difference between means. The results in (mg kg-1, dry weight) showed different levels of the analysed metals in the two fish species. The order of heavy metals accumulation in the two fish species are gills>liver>muscle and the levels of heavy metals bioaccumulation varied significantly (p<0.05) among season, sample locations, fish species and fish organs. All metals analysed vary significantly in the two fish species examined, seasons and across sampling sites. The results suggest that Asa River has high pollution loads of these heavy metals in fishes due to an indiscriminate of discharge of effluents in the river and could pose a health hazards to man. Consequently, close monitoring of heavy metal loads in Asa River is recommended with a view of minimizing the risks to health of the population that depend on the river for their water and fish supply.
{"title":"Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulation Potentials of Clarias Buthupogon and Heterobranchus Longifilis Collected from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"O. M. Akinloye, Fawole Olatunde Olubanjo","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000216","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the existence of environmental legislations in Nigeria, aquatic environment has remained the sewer for wastes not minding its implications on the resident resources. Heavy metals pollution has become a worldwide concern and this may be due to their ability to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms which is a source of livelihood for human populations. Therefore, this work aimed at assessing heavy metal accumulation in Clarias buthupogon and Heterobranchus longifilis in Asa River, Nigeria. After reconnaissance survey, fish samples were collected using hooks, traps and cast nets of various sizes twice monthly between April 2011 and March 2013 and were identified immediately. The samples were processed and heavy metal concentrations were determined in the gill, liver and muscle using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Different metals were analysed in the gill, liver and muscle of the sampled fish species and the data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the T-test statistical package to determine the level of difference between means. The results in (mg kg-1, dry weight) showed different levels of the analysed metals in the two fish species. The order of heavy metals accumulation in the two fish species are gills>liver>muscle and the levels of heavy metals bioaccumulation varied significantly (p<0.05) among season, sample locations, fish species and fish organs. All metals analysed vary significantly in the two fish species examined, seasons and across sampling sites. The results suggest that Asa River has high pollution loads of these heavy metals in fishes due to an indiscriminate of discharge of effluents in the river and could pose a health hazards to man. Consequently, close monitoring of heavy metal loads in Asa River is recommended with a view of minimizing the risks to health of the population that depend on the river for their water and fish supply.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116933957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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