Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931290
K. Iwasa, T. Kishigami, H. Yomo, Akihiko Matsuoka, Junji Satou
This paper proposes L- and/or T-shaped Tx and Rx arrays for MIMO radar, which enable to enhance azimuth and elevation angular resolution to the maximum under the limitation on the number of the array elements. The proposed L/T-shaped Tx and Rx arrays include unequally spacing between array elements to be minimum redundancy array on the virtual Rx array, and two-dimensional (2D) interpolation on the Rx virtual array is proposed in order to suppress sidelobes in 2D angular profiles. Computer simulation and experimental measurements have been done for verification. Consequently, our work proves the effectiveness of the proposed MIMO radar array to enhance angular resolution in MIMO radar systems.
{"title":"Millimeter-wave MIMO radar with unequally spaced L/T-shaped arrays","authors":"K. Iwasa, T. Kishigami, H. Yomo, Akihiko Matsuoka, Junji Satou","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931290","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes L- and/or T-shaped Tx and Rx arrays for MIMO radar, which enable to enhance azimuth and elevation angular resolution to the maximum under the limitation on the number of the array elements. The proposed L/T-shaped Tx and Rx arrays include unequally spacing between array elements to be minimum redundancy array on the virtual Rx array, and two-dimensional (2D) interpolation on the Rx virtual array is proposed in order to suppress sidelobes in 2D angular profiles. Computer simulation and experimental measurements have been done for verification. Consequently, our work proves the effectiveness of the proposed MIMO radar array to enhance angular resolution in MIMO radar systems.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128218824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931466
D. Jahagirdar, K. S. Rao
In this paper, a novel design for wideband high gain Right Hand Circular Polarized (RHCP) 2×4 array antenna at L-Band is presented for data link application. The proposed antenna used for long range highly maneuvering vehicles like missiles which needs high gain and RHCP to provide sufficient link margins. Orthogonal feeding is used for first patch and second patch is electromagnetically coupled to enhance impedance bandwidth. Sequential rotation technique is implemented to improve the Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth. The antenna is simulated using commercially available software (CST microwave studio). The realized antenna reported 20.2% VSWR bandwidth, 14.64% AR bandwidth. The obtained gain is more than 14.5dBi, El & Az beamwidth of 44° and 20° over frequency band respectively.
{"title":"Novel wideband high gain Right Hand Circular Polarized (RHCP) 2×4 Array Antenna at L-Band for data link applications","authors":"D. Jahagirdar, K. S. Rao","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931466","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel design for wideband high gain Right Hand Circular Polarized (RHCP) 2×4 array antenna at L-Band is presented for data link application. The proposed antenna used for long range highly maneuvering vehicles like missiles which needs high gain and RHCP to provide sufficient link margins. Orthogonal feeding is used for first patch and second patch is electromagnetically coupled to enhance impedance bandwidth. Sequential rotation technique is implemented to improve the Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth. The antenna is simulated using commercially available software (CST microwave studio). The realized antenna reported 20.2% VSWR bandwidth, 14.64% AR bandwidth. The obtained gain is more than 14.5dBi, El & Az beamwidth of 44° and 20° over frequency band respectively.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131072721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931392
Gitansh Gulati, S. B., Shambulingappa K.V., R. U. Nair, S. Narayan
A novel metamaterial-FSS (frequency selective surface) is designed in this paper based on the theory of tightly coupled resonators for radome applications. The proposed metamaterial unit cell consists of a Swastika-shaped conductor on each side of the substrate which is shorted at the edges by introducing shorting strips. The structure exhibits negative permittivity and permeability behavior at distinct frequency region. The EM analysis of metamaterial-FSS is carried out using transmission line transfer matrix method and validated with the full-wave method. The structure exhibits bandpass characteristic with very high transmission efficiency (>90%) over the frequency range of 10.43–11.43 and sharp roll-off characteristics outside the band as compared to conventional FSS. In view of radome applications, the EM characteristics are further studied at oblique incidence, which is found to show stable EM characteristics w.r.t. angle of incidence and polarizations.
{"title":"Novel Swastika-shaped tightly coupled resonator based metamaterial-FSS for radome applications","authors":"Gitansh Gulati, S. B., Shambulingappa K.V., R. U. Nair, S. Narayan","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931392","url":null,"abstract":"A novel metamaterial-FSS (frequency selective surface) is designed in this paper based on the theory of tightly coupled resonators for radome applications. The proposed metamaterial unit cell consists of a Swastika-shaped conductor on each side of the substrate which is shorted at the edges by introducing shorting strips. The structure exhibits negative permittivity and permeability behavior at distinct frequency region. The EM analysis of metamaterial-FSS is carried out using transmission line transfer matrix method and validated with the full-wave method. The structure exhibits bandpass characteristic with very high transmission efficiency (>90%) over the frequency range of 10.43–11.43 and sharp roll-off characteristics outside the band as compared to conventional FSS. In view of radome applications, the EM characteristics are further studied at oblique incidence, which is found to show stable EM characteristics w.r.t. angle of incidence and polarizations.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131213062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931357
D. Jhariya, A. Azad, A. Mohan, M. Sinha
A compact differential wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with good common mode suppression is presented in this paper. The proposed filter consists of a four port two stage branch line differential mode filter. This filter is analyzed by bisecting it into a two port network, which results in a bandpass or bandstop filtering response under differential or common mode excitations, respectively. The length and widths of the stubs can be tuned to obtain desired passband and stopband of the differential BPF. The proposed differential filter is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.
{"title":"Compact differential wideband bandpass filter","authors":"D. Jhariya, A. Azad, A. Mohan, M. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931357","url":null,"abstract":"A compact differential wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with good common mode suppression is presented in this paper. The proposed filter consists of a four port two stage branch line differential mode filter. This filter is analyzed by bisecting it into a two port network, which results in a bandpass or bandstop filtering response under differential or common mode excitations, respectively. The length and widths of the stubs can be tuned to obtain desired passband and stopband of the differential BPF. The proposed differential filter is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931296
Sandhya Chandravanshi, M. Akhtar
A compact rectifying circuit with harmonic rejection filter is designed and fabricated on a low cost FR-4 substrate for operation in the GSM/CDMA 900 band. The dimension for the complete rectifier is 80×45×1.6 mm3, which can be considered to be quite compact at 900 MHz. The rectifying circuit consists of the matching network, a diode, and a DC pass filter for rejection of higher order harmonics. The DC pass filter is based on three fan shaped radial stubs in order to block higher order harmonics, and the overall analysis shows an improvement of 19% in efficiency as compared to the circuit without filter. The measured results show the maximum output voltage of 3.4 Volt at 3000 Ω load. The design of rectifying circuit is simple and easy which can be easily integrated for the application of microwave power transmission circuit.
{"title":"Design of compact rectifying circuit with harmonic rejection filter for RF energy harvesting at 900 MHz","authors":"Sandhya Chandravanshi, M. Akhtar","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931296","url":null,"abstract":"A compact rectifying circuit with harmonic rejection filter is designed and fabricated on a low cost FR-4 substrate for operation in the GSM/CDMA 900 band. The dimension for the complete rectifier is 80×45×1.6 mm3, which can be considered to be quite compact at 900 MHz. The rectifying circuit consists of the matching network, a diode, and a DC pass filter for rejection of higher order harmonics. The DC pass filter is based on three fan shaped radial stubs in order to block higher order harmonics, and the overall analysis shows an improvement of 19% in efficiency as compared to the circuit without filter. The measured results show the maximum output voltage of 3.4 Volt at 3000 Ω load. The design of rectifying circuit is simple and easy which can be easily integrated for the application of microwave power transmission circuit.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133301642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931361
S. Duggal, Gagan Deep Aul, V. Chawla
Agricultural waste has shown its capability to replace the conventional microwave absorbers like polyurethane and polystyrene. The cheap cost of agricultural waste microwave absorber and high reflection loss make these absorbers much more efficient and effective absorbers. In this work sugarcane bagasse are used as microwave absorber and its absorption properties are enhanced by addition of coal in it. The whole work is completed in four stages. The dielectric properties of both sugarcane bagasse and mixture of sugarcane bagasse and coal is measured and their absorption behavior is simulated using CST Microwave studio which shows the enhancement in absorptive power of sugarcane bagasse by adding coal in it. In last stage, reflection loss of fabricated structure of sugarcane bagasse and coal is measured using Network analyzer and horn antenna which confirm the ability of sugarcane bagasse and coal structure to be used as a microwave absorber in designing the anechoic chamber.
{"title":"Investigation of absorption properties of Sugarcane Bagasse-Coal pyramidal microwave absorber","authors":"S. Duggal, Gagan Deep Aul, V. Chawla","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931361","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural waste has shown its capability to replace the conventional microwave absorbers like polyurethane and polystyrene. The cheap cost of agricultural waste microwave absorber and high reflection loss make these absorbers much more efficient and effective absorbers. In this work sugarcane bagasse are used as microwave absorber and its absorption properties are enhanced by addition of coal in it. The whole work is completed in four stages. The dielectric properties of both sugarcane bagasse and mixture of sugarcane bagasse and coal is measured and their absorption behavior is simulated using CST Microwave studio which shows the enhancement in absorptive power of sugarcane bagasse by adding coal in it. In last stage, reflection loss of fabricated structure of sugarcane bagasse and coal is measured using Network analyzer and horn antenna which confirm the ability of sugarcane bagasse and coal structure to be used as a microwave absorber in designing the anechoic chamber.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"143 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129422101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931421
Kasuni Alagiyawanna, T. Baum, K. Ghorbani, K. Nicholson
A conformal loadbearing antenna structure (CLAS) has been fabricated using novel embroidery techniques on aerospace composite structure. Comparisons between substrates, curing techniques and sewing patterns have been performed using a simple planar patch antenna design. Measurements showed that a ‘+’ stitching pattern is most suitable for the embroidery of patch antennas in composite materials. A conformal dual patch array was designed to take advantage of a NACA-0012 aerofoil shape. By feeding the patches separately or with a phase shift up to 180deg, it was shown that up to 52deg of beam steering can be achieved in elevation. This conformal arrangement makes the array suitable for Wi-Fi communications as well as collision avoidance radar applications.
{"title":"Embroidered microwave antennas for aerospace applications","authors":"Kasuni Alagiyawanna, T. Baum, K. Ghorbani, K. Nicholson","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931421","url":null,"abstract":"A conformal loadbearing antenna structure (CLAS) has been fabricated using novel embroidery techniques on aerospace composite structure. Comparisons between substrates, curing techniques and sewing patterns have been performed using a simple planar patch antenna design. Measurements showed that a ‘+’ stitching pattern is most suitable for the embroidery of patch antennas in composite materials. A conformal dual patch array was designed to take advantage of a NACA-0012 aerofoil shape. By feeding the patches separately or with a phase shift up to 180deg, it was shown that up to 52deg of beam steering can be achieved in elevation. This conformal arrangement makes the array suitable for Wi-Fi communications as well as collision avoidance radar applications.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131912228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931388
A. Azad, D. Jhariya, A. Mohan
This paper presents the synthesis of coupling matrix of cross-coupled resonator filters using comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) algorithm. The CLPSO algorithm does not require gradient information of the fitness function under consideration. The coupling topology of the filter is incorporated in the optimization process to eliminate the need of similarity transformations of the coupling matrix. The CLPSO algorithm is applied to synthesize third- and fourth-order cross-coupled resonator filters.
{"title":"Synthesis of cross-coupled resonator filters using comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) algorithm","authors":"A. Azad, D. Jhariya, A. Mohan","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931388","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the synthesis of coupling matrix of cross-coupled resonator filters using comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) algorithm. The CLPSO algorithm does not require gradient information of the fitness function under consideration. The coupling topology of the filter is incorporated in the optimization process to eliminate the need of similarity transformations of the coupling matrix. The CLPSO algorithm is applied to synthesize third- and fourth-order cross-coupled resonator filters.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133684893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931287
Cheng Tao, M. Memarian, Y. Morimoto, T. Itoh
Blazing (retro-reflection) of an obliquely incident wave has classically been achieved with periodic blazed gratings, such as the sawtooth grating. In this work, non-periodic metasurfaces are explored to realize similar blazing effects under oblique plane-wave illumination. Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the surface's local reflection phase over the entire finite aperture, for a particular scattering response (e.g. blazing). Such non-periodic and random surfaces can open doors for the design of blazing surfaces beyond typical periodic gratings and their limitations, e.g. reducing and flattening of side-lobe levels, and other scattered beam characteristics such as beam-splitting. The theoretical method is verified by full-wave electromagnetic simulations at X-band.
{"title":"Non-periodic metasurfaces for blazing and beam splitting","authors":"Cheng Tao, M. Memarian, Y. Morimoto, T. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931287","url":null,"abstract":"Blazing (retro-reflection) of an obliquely incident wave has classically been achieved with periodic blazed gratings, such as the sawtooth grating. In this work, non-periodic metasurfaces are explored to realize similar blazing effects under oblique plane-wave illumination. Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the surface's local reflection phase over the entire finite aperture, for a particular scattering response (e.g. blazing). Such non-periodic and random surfaces can open doors for the design of blazing surfaces beyond typical periodic gratings and their limitations, e.g. reducing and flattening of side-lobe levels, and other scattered beam characteristics such as beam-splitting. The theoretical method is verified by full-wave electromagnetic simulations at X-band.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133800731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2016.7931377
Ayush Chauhan, H. Maurya, R. K. Panigrahi
This paper presents a statistical model to classify the PolSAR image on the basis of Polarization Fraction (PF) of the backscattered wave. The basic principle behind PF, i.e., the relative power in the co-polarized and cross-polarized channel, is employed to distinguish between surface, double-bounce and volume scattering. We look to find the best fit model to the measured data by assuming it to be Gaussian distributed. A Radarsat-2 image of San Francisco is used to illustrate the results.
{"title":"Statistical modelling of Polarization Fraction for classification of PolSAR images using GMM","authors":"Ayush Chauhan, H. Maurya, R. K. Panigrahi","doi":"10.1109/APMC.2016.7931377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC.2016.7931377","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a statistical model to classify the PolSAR image on the basis of Polarization Fraction (PF) of the backscattered wave. The basic principle behind PF, i.e., the relative power in the co-polarized and cross-polarized channel, is employed to distinguish between surface, double-bounce and volume scattering. We look to find the best fit model to the measured data by assuming it to be Gaussian distributed. A Radarsat-2 image of San Francisco is used to illustrate the results.","PeriodicalId":166478,"journal":{"name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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