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Black tongue in an infant 婴儿的黑舌头
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.1_16610
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引用次数: 0
Facial birthmark, epilepsy and glaucoma in the infant 婴儿面部胎记、癫痫和青光眼。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.1_16606
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引用次数: 0
Neonatal acuity tool-defined staffing ratios in a tertiary Australian neonatal intensive care unit 澳大利亚三级医院新生儿重症监护病房根据新生儿严重程度工具确定人员配备比例。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16635
Adam Barnett, Tara M Crawford, Michael J Stark

Aims

There is well-established data linking the adequacy of nurse staffing to patient outcomes. Evidence-based standards for staffing are therefore critical to drive improvements in clinical care. One such evidence-based approach is the use of patient acuity-based tools. The objective of this study is to determine the performance of a neonatal acuity tool in an Australian tertiary neonatal health-care setting, focusing on the classification of patient acuity and nursing:patient staffing ratios compared to current practice.

Methods

Acuity data were collected in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and special care baby unit (SCBU) over a 10-week period in 2023. Patient data were scored in the 16 domains at two time points (prior to morning and evening nursing shift changeover) for all admitted newborns.

Results

For ventilated newborns nursed with a nurse:patient staffing ratio of 1:1, 78% of scores were within the L4-high acuity (score ≥ 26) band, with the remaining scores within the L3-high acuity (18–25) band. For newborns on non-invasive respiratory support in NICU staffed 1:1, the proportion scoring within the L4 acuity band was higher in the nasal high-flow group compared to the nasal continuous positive airway pressure group (P = 0.032), an effect not seen for those nursed 1:2 in NICU or for those on nasal high-flow nursed in SCBU either 1:2 or 1:3.

Conclusion

This study of how a neonatal acuity classification system compares with current nurse:patient staffing allocations in an Australian tertiary NICU, suggests refinements in staffing ratios for specific patient groups on respiratory support are possible.

目的:有确凿数据表明,护士人员配备是否充足与患者的治疗效果息息相关。因此,以证据为基础的人员配置标准对于推动临床护理的改善至关重要。其中一种循证方法就是使用基于患者病情的工具。本研究的目的是确定新生儿敏锐度工具在澳大利亚三级新生儿医疗机构中的表现,重点关注患者敏锐度的分类以及与现行做法相比的护理:患者人员配备比:方法:2023 年,在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)和婴儿特别护理病房(SCBU)收集了为期 10 周的急性病数据。在两个时间点(早晚护理交接班之前)对所有入院新生儿的 16 个领域的患者数据进行评分:对于呼吸机护理的新生儿,护士与患者的人员配备比为 1:1,78% 的评分在 L4 高敏锐度(评分≥ 26 分)范围内,其余评分在 L3 高敏锐度(18-25 分)范围内。对于在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)接受无创呼吸支持的新生儿,与鼻腔持续气道正压组相比,鼻腔高流量组在 L4 高度敏锐度范围内得分的比例更高(P = 0.032),而在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)接受 1:2 护理的新生儿或在重症监护室(SCBU)接受 1:2 或 1:3 鼻腔高流量护理的新生儿则没有这种效果:这项关于新生儿严重程度分类系统与澳大利亚三级新生儿重症监护室目前的护士与患者人员分配情况比较的研究表明,可以针对需要呼吸支持的特定患者群体改进人员配备比例。
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引用次数: 0
Unusual rapid development of portopulmonary hypertension after shunt closure for congenital portosystemic shunt 先天性门静脉分流术后分流管关闭后出现异常快速发展的门肺动脉高压。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16636
Shohei Honda, Issei Kawakita, Kazuyoshi Okumura, Momoko Ara, Ryoichi Goto, Atsuhito Takeda, Tsuyoshi Shimamura, Insu Kawahara, Akinobu Taketomi
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引用次数: 0
Urticaria multiforme in Asian children 亚洲儿童的多形性荨麻疹。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16634
Sheau Y Kan, Mark JA Koh, Lynette WY Wee

Aim

Urticaria multiforme is an uncommon presentation of acute urticaria. It most commonly affects children and most often occurs secondary to an underlying viral infection. We performed a retrospective review of a cohort of Asian children with urticaria multiforme and reviewed the literature on the condition.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical notes of children and adolescents less than 16 years of age, diagnosed with urticaria multiforme at our tertiary paediatric hospital between January 2017 and December 2022. Data collected and analysed included age, gender, initial diagnosis, antecedent symptoms, recent immunisations and medications, results of diagnostic tests, treatment and outcome.

Results

A total of 20 children were identified, with median age of diagnosis of 1.9 years, with most patients (79%) 7 years of age or younger. Viral infections were the commonest triggers. The most common referring diagnoses were erythema multiforme and Stevens–Johnson syndrome. Common antecedent or concomitant symptoms were fever and upper respiratory symptoms. Blood investigations were generally unremarkable except for mildly increased white cell counts and other markers of infection. Outcomes were good in all patients, with resolution of symptoms within 6 weeks without sequelae.

Conclusion

Urticaria multiforme is an uncommon presentation of acute urticaria. Despite its striking appearance, it is generally a benign, self-limiting condition. Extensive investigations are usually not required and management is largely supportive.

目的:多形性荨麻疹是一种不常见的急性荨麻疹。多发性荨麻疹最常见于儿童,多继发于潜在的病毒感染。我们对一批患有多形性荨麻疹的亚洲儿童进行了回顾性研究,并查阅了相关文献:我们对2017年1月至2022年12月期间在我们的三级儿科医院确诊为多形性荨麻疹的16岁以下儿童和青少年的临床记录进行了回顾性回顾。收集和分析的数据包括年龄、性别、初步诊断、前驱症状、近期免疫接种和用药、诊断测试结果、治疗和结果:共发现 20 名儿童,诊断年龄中位数为 1.9 岁,大多数患者(79%)年龄在 7 岁或以下。病毒感染是最常见的诱因。最常见的转诊病例是多形红斑和史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征。常见的前驱症状或伴随症状是发热和上呼吸道症状。除白细胞计数和其他感染标志物轻度升高外,血液检查一般无异常。所有患者的疗效都很好,6周内症状缓解,没有后遗症:多形性荨麻疹是一种不常见的急性荨麻疹。结论:多形性荨麻疹是一种不常见的急性荨麻疹表现,尽管其外观引人注目,但通常是一种良性、自限性疾病。通常不需要进行广泛的检查,治疗方法主要是支持疗法。
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引用次数: 0
Congenital imperforate submandibular duct in a neonate 一名新生儿先天性颌下腺导管穿孔。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16633
Sofia Seabra Vieira, Jorge Santos Silva
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引用次数: 0
Herpes simplex virus in infancy: Evaluation of national surveillance case capture 婴儿单纯疱疹病毒:全国监测病例采集评估。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16596
Angela Berkhout, Daniel K Yeoh, Suzy Teutsch, Anne Morris, Clare Nourse, Julia E Clark, Christopher C Blyth, Cheryl A Jones, the APSU Neonatal HSV Study Advisory Group

Aim

As herpes simplex virus (HSV) in infancy is not a mandatory notifiable condition in Australia, completeness of ascertainment by the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) has been difficult to evaluate to date. We evaluated case capture in Queensland (QLD) and Western Australia (WA) using statewide laboratory and clinical data and complementary surveillance data collected via the APSU.

Methods

HSV polymerase chain reaction positive results in infants (0–3 months) from 2007 to 2017 were obtained from statewide public pathology providers in QLD and WA. Clinical data were extracted from patient records and compared to APSU reported cases.

Results

A total of 94 cases of HSV disease in infancy (70 QLD; 24 WA) were identified from laboratory data sets, compared to 36 cases (26 QLD; 10 WA) reported to the APSU. In total there was 102 unique cases identified; 28 cases were common to both data sets (seven skin eye mouth (SEM) disease, 13 central nervous system (CNS) disease and eight disseminated disease). Active surveillance captured 35% (36/102) of cases overall including 74% (14/19) of CNS, 71% (10/14) of disseminated and 17% (12/69) of SEM disease cases, respectively. Surveillance reported cases had a higher case-fatality rate compared to those not reported (14% vs. 3%, P = 0.038). Neurological sequelae at discharge were comparable between the groups.

Conclusion

Active surveillance captures one third of hospitalised HSV cases in QLD and WA, including the majority with severe disease. However, morbidity and mortality remain high. Future studies on HSV will rely on observational studies. Enhanced case ascertainment through combined laboratory and surveillance data is essential for better understanding and improving outcomes.

目的:在澳大利亚,婴儿期单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV) 并不是一种必须呈报的疾病,因此澳大利亚儿科监测单位 (APSU) 的病例确认完整性至今仍难以评估。方法:我们从昆士兰州和西澳大利亚州的全州公共病理供应商处获得了 2007 年至 2017 年婴儿(0-3 个月)HSV 聚合酶链反应阳性结果。从患者病历中提取临床数据,并与APSU报告的病例进行比较:从实验室数据集中共发现94例婴儿HSV疾病病例(昆士兰州70例;西澳大利亚州24例),而向APSU报告的病例为36例(昆士兰州26例;西澳大利亚州10例)。总共发现了 102 例独特病例;两组数据中共同发现了 28 例病例(7 例皮肤口眼 (SEM) 疾病、13 例中枢神经系统 (CNS) 疾病和 8 例播散性疾病)。主动监测发现的病例占病例总数的 35%(36/102),其中中枢神经系统病例占 74%(14/19),散发病例占 71%(10/14),SEM 病例占 17%(12/69)。与未报告的病例相比,监测报告的病例死亡率更高(14% 对 3%,P = 0.038)。两组患者出院时的神经系统后遗症情况相当:结论:主动监测捕获了昆士兰州和西澳大利亚州三分之一的HSV住院病例,其中包括大部分重症病例。但是,发病率和死亡率仍然很高。未来有关 HSV 的研究将依赖于观察性研究。通过综合实验室和监测数据来加强病例确定,对于更好地了解病情和改善治疗效果至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Decreased incidence of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in young children 降低幼儿腹膜透析相关腹膜炎的发病率。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16630
Peong Gang Park, Yo Han Ahn, Hee Gyung Kang, Il-Soo Ha

Aim

Peritonitis is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate changes in the incidence, risk factors, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of PD-associated peritonitis in the past decades.

Methods

This was a retrospective study that included children who initiated chronic PD at our institution between 2000 and 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the year of initiation: those who initiated PD between 2000 and 2008 and those who initiated PD between 2009 and 2017. The incidence and characteristics of peritonitis were compared between the groups.

Results

A total of 184 patients with a median age of 10.2 years were included in this study. Of the patients, 92 experienced 210 episodes of peritonitis. The incidence rate of peritonitis decreased from 0.35 to 0.21 episodes/patient year during the study period (P = 0.001). During the 2000–2008 period, the 2-year peritonitis-free survival rate was significantly lower for patients under 2 years of age than for the other age groups (P = 0.004), whereas this was not observed during the 2009–2017 period. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard model showed that the <2 years age group had a significantly higher risk of developing peritonitis in the 2000–2008 period. However, this was not evident in the 2009–2017 period.

Conclusions

The incidence of PD-associated peritonitis decreased, particularly in children under 2 years of age. Thus, younger age may not be a risk factor for PD-associated peritonitis.

目的:腹膜炎是腹膜透析(PD)最常见的并发症。本研究旨在调查过去几十年中腹膜透析相关腹膜炎的发病率、风险因素、微生物学和临床结果的变化:这是一项回顾性研究,纳入了 2000 年至 2017 年期间在我院开始接受慢性腹膜透析治疗的患儿。根据起始年份将患者分为两组:2000 年至 2008 年间起始腹膜透析的患者和 2009 年至 2017 年间起始腹膜透析的患者。比较两组患者腹膜炎的发生率和特征:本研究共纳入184名患者,中位年龄为10.2岁。其中,92 名患者经历了 210 次腹膜炎发作。在研究期间,腹膜炎的发病率从 0.35 次/患者年降至 0.21 次/患者年(P = 0.001)。在 2000-2008 年期间,2 岁以下患者的 2 年无腹膜炎生存率明显低于其他年龄组(P = 0.004),而在 2009-2017 年期间未观察到这种情况。多变量考克斯比例危险模型显示,结论:腹膜透析相关腹膜炎的发病率有所下降,尤其是在两岁以下儿童中。因此,年龄较小可能不是腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的风险因素。
{"title":"Decreased incidence of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis in young children","authors":"Peong Gang Park,&nbsp;Yo Han Ahn,&nbsp;Hee Gyung Kang,&nbsp;Il-Soo Ha","doi":"10.1111/jpc.16630","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpc.16630","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peritonitis is the most common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to investigate changes in the incidence, risk factors, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of PD-associated peritonitis in the past decades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective study that included children who initiated chronic PD at our institution between 2000 and 2017. The patients were divided into two groups according to the year of initiation: those who initiated PD between 2000 and 2008 and those who initiated PD between 2009 and 2017. The incidence and characteristics of peritonitis were compared between the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 184 patients with a median age of 10.2 years were included in this study. Of the patients, 92 experienced 210 episodes of peritonitis. The incidence rate of peritonitis decreased from 0.35 to 0.21 episodes/patient year during the study period (<i>P</i> = 0.001). During the 2000–2008 period, the 2-year peritonitis-free survival rate was significantly lower for patients under 2 years of age than for the other age groups (<i>P</i> = 0.004), whereas this was not observed during the 2009–2017 period. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard model showed that the &lt;2 years age group had a significantly higher risk of developing peritonitis in the 2000–2008 period. However, this was not evident in the 2009–2017 period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of PD-associated peritonitis decreased, particularly in children under 2 years of age. Thus, younger age may not be a risk factor for PD-associated peritonitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paediatrics and child health","volume":"60 10","pages":"531-537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpc.16630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between geographic accessibility to emergency services and infant mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis 急救服务的地理可达性与婴儿死亡率之间的关系:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16627
Patrícia Meireles Brito, Katia Suely Queiroz Silva Ribeiro, Renato S Melo, Afonso Rodrigues Tavares Netto, Silvia Wanick Sarinho

Aim

To evaluate the methodological quality of studies that analysed the relationship between accessibility to emergency services and infant mortality.

Methods

A systematic review with meta-analysis, registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) platform under code CRD42021279854. Medline/Pubmed, Embase, SciElo, Lilacs, Scopus and web of science electronic databases were searched between November 2021 and May 2024, without language or publication time restriction. We included observational studies that compared the infant mortality outcome with the different distances travelled or travel time to health services in a paediatric emergency. Thus, we excluded studies with primary outcomes present in the pre- and perinatal periods, as well as distances or travel time to obstetric emergency units. We used the grade to assess the methodological quality of the studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the risk of bias, in addition to performing a meta-analysis.

Results

The evidence quality on infant mortality was moderate for four studies and low for three studies. The meta-analysis showed that children who travelled more than 5 km to the emergency service had a 28% increase in the chance of dying (P = 0.002), as well as those travelling for more than 40 min increased by 45% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

There was a relationship between the increase in geographic accessibility distance and travel time with the increase in infant mortality. However, the studies still showed moderate to low methodological quality.

目的:评估分析急救服务可及性与婴儿死亡率之间关系的研究的方法质量:在国际系统综述前瞻性注册平台(PROSPERO)上注册的系统综述与荟萃分析,代码为 CRD42021279854。我们在 2021 年 11 月至 2024 年 5 月期间检索了 Medline/Pubmed、Embase、SciElo、Lilacs、Scopus 和 web of science 等电子数据库,没有语言或出版时间限制。我们纳入的观察性研究比较了在儿科急诊中婴儿死亡率与不同的旅行距离或到达医疗服务机构的旅行时间之间的关系。因此,我们排除了主要结果出现在产前和围产期,以及前往产科急诊室的距离或旅行时间的研究。除了进行荟萃分析外,我们还使用了等级来评估研究的方法学质量,并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表来评估偏倚风险:结果:四项研究的婴儿死亡率证据质量为中度,三项研究的婴儿死亡率证据质量为低度。荟萃分析表明,前往急救中心的路程超过 5 公里的儿童死亡几率增加了 28%(P = 0.002),而路程超过 40 分钟的儿童死亡几率增加了 45%(P 结论:荟萃分析表明,前往急救中心的路程超过 5 公里的儿童死亡几率增加了 28%(P = 0.002),而路程超过 40 分钟的儿童死亡几率增加了 45%(P = 0.003):地理可达距离和旅行时间的增加与婴儿死亡率的增加之间存在关系。不过,这些研究的方法学质量仍处于中下水平。
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引用次数: 0
Isolated fallopian tube torsion: A rare cause of acute pelvic pain in adolescence 孤立性输卵管扭转:青春期急性盆腔疼痛的罕见病因。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16629
Khaoula Magdoud, Hiba Mkadmi, Fatma Moussa, Zeineb Ghali, Sana Menjli, Abir Karoui
<p>Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare surgical emergency in adolescent girls, with an estimated incidence of one in 1 500 000 cases.<span><sup>1</sup></span> The clinical representation is not specific, leading to challenging and delayed diagnosis, often made intraoperatively. Conservative surgical management is uncommon in these young patients due to late diagnosis.<span><sup>1</sup></span> This work aims to recall the main characteristics of isolated fallopian tube torsion through a clinical case that successfully underwent conservative treatment.</p><p>We report the case of isolated fallopian tube torsion in a 14-year-old girl who consulted the hospital's emergency department due to sudden pain in the right iliac fossa. The pain has been ongoing for 8 h without radiation to other parts of the body and associated with an episode of vomiting without transit disorder or urinary functional signs. A similar episode that resolved spontaneously 3 months ago was reported. This patient has no medical or surgical history. No abdominal or pelvic trauma was reported. She was a virgin. Menarche occurred at the age of 12 years with irregular cycles. She was on the 25th day of her menstrual cycle.</p><p>On physical examination, the patient was apyretic and haemodynamically stable. Urine Multistix analysis was negative. Abdominal examination revealed a right iliac fossa defence, without palpable mass or abdominal contracture. The lumbar fossa was not tender. The digital rectal examination did not trigger pain. The gynaecological examination was not performed.</p><p>Suprapubic pelvic ultrasound, conducted with a full bladder, showed a normal uterus, and left ovary. The assessment of the right adnexa revealed a unilocular rounded anechoic mass with a regular and thin wall, without vegetation, non-vascularised by colour Doppler, measuring 50 mm in diameter.</p><p>No inflammatory syndrome in biology was found. Serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level was negative.</p><p>The diagnosis of right adnexal torsion was evoked. The patient underwent an emergency laparoscopy.</p><p>On examination, the uterus and left adnexa were normal in appearance. There was a bluish, 5-cm rounded, juxta-uterine mass with fringes, suggesting an isolated torsion of the right fallopian tube, coiling around the utero-ovarian ligament four times in clockwise direction, with ipsilateral unaffected right ovary. No cysts, especially in the mesosalpinx, were found. The appendix was normal (Fig. 1).</p><p>The right fallopian tube was then untwisted. A progressive recoloration was noted after about 10 min of observation and uncoiled tubal recovery was satisfactory (Fig. 2). The right fallopian tube appeared to be abnormally elongated. Conservative treatment with saline solution cleansing and post-operative antibiotic coverage was conducted.</p><p>The post-operative follow-up was uneventful. The patient was fully and clearly informed of her condition. A detailed medical report was d
6 此外,计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像在诊断方面并未显示出优于超声波。事实上,左侧的扭转机制被认为受到乙状结肠的限制。7 孤立性输卵管扭转的内在机制尚未完全明了,似乎是解剖学触发因素和维持这一过程的血液动力学因素共同作用的结果:中轴静脉比动脉更长、更灵活。此外,文献中还报道了其他病因,如输卵管高蠕动、输卵管绝育(尤其是根据波美技术)或腹部创伤。在青少年中,这种情况的主要危险因素主要是先天性输卵管积水和涉及突然运动的体育运动。在我们的观察中,病因很可能是输卵管系膜过长。最后,孤立性输卵管扭转的治疗方法是腹腔镜手术,包括解开输卵管,用生理盐水加温后评估其血管再通情况。4 由于双侧受累被认为是罕见的,因此对对侧附件的处理方法还存在争议。无论如何,都需要对患者进行定期监测和告知。孤立性输卵管扭转是少女中罕见的外科急症,由于其临床表现具有误导性,且影像学检查没有特异性,因此被低估了。在盆腔疼痛的病例中,应系统地考虑这一诊断,因为它会影响这些年轻患者的生育预后。提高妇科医生对这一病症的了解和认识,可以改善对这些青春期少女的管理。医院中心的伦理委员会认为无需进行伦理审批,因为这是一个在实践中遇到的特殊病例,不涉及任何人体或动物实验。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of paediatrics and child health
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