Differentspecies of Thymus are capable of producing various pharmacological effects. The present paper aimsto investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of areal parts of Thymus Carmanicus Jalas. In this experimental research, using the formalin,writhing and tail immersion tests, anti-inflammatory effectswere studied in micebyxylene-induced ear edemaand mercury immersion methods. Male NMRI mice weighing 20-25g were dividedinto five groups: negative control, positive control and three experimental groups, being injectedintraperitoneally by 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extracts of Thymus carmanicus . The most effective dose of the extract was selected for the possible involvement of opioidergic systems. Animalsubjects were studied by pretreatment of opioid antagonist, naloxone. The data were analyzed throughANOVA and Tukey's test.Results indicated that in the formalin test, thedoses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg of theextract significantly reduced the score of analgesic in experimental groups(P<0.001).Meanwhile, pretreatment with naloxone inhibited some of the extract induced antinociceptive effects in comparison to controlgroup.In writhing and hot tail immersion tests,all doses of theextract significantly alleviatedpain in experimental groups(P<0.01). Moreover, the xylene-induced ear edema (P<0.001)as well asfoot edema in mercury immersion method was considerably reduced(P<0. 05). This study not onlyshowedthathydroalcoholic extract of areal parts of Thymus c armanicus hasanalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects but also indicated that some of the antinociceptive properties of Thymus carmanicus are mediated by opioidergic mechanism, which in turn validated the traditional uses of the plant in the treatment of pain.
{"title":"Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory effects of Hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Thymus carmanicus in male mice","authors":"S. Nasri, M. Yazdi","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.9763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.9763","url":null,"abstract":"Differentspecies of Thymus are capable of producing various pharmacological effects. The present paper aimsto investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of areal parts of Thymus Carmanicus Jalas. In this experimental research, using the formalin,writhing and tail immersion tests, anti-inflammatory effectswere studied in micebyxylene-induced ear edemaand mercury immersion methods. Male NMRI mice weighing 20-25g were dividedinto five groups: negative control, positive control and three experimental groups, being injectedintraperitoneally by 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extracts of Thymus carmanicus . The most effective dose of the extract was selected for the possible involvement of opioidergic systems. Animalsubjects were studied by pretreatment of opioid antagonist, naloxone. The data were analyzed throughANOVA and Tukey's test.Results indicated that in the formalin test, thedoses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg of theextract significantly reduced the score of analgesic in experimental groups(P<0.001).Meanwhile, pretreatment with naloxone inhibited some of the extract induced antinociceptive effects in comparison to controlgroup.In writhing and hot tail immersion tests,all doses of theextract significantly alleviatedpain in experimental groups(P<0.01). Moreover, the xylene-induced ear edema (P<0.001)as well asfoot edema in mercury immersion method was considerably reduced(P<0. 05). This study not onlyshowedthathydroalcoholic extract of areal parts of Thymus c armanicus hasanalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects but also indicated that some of the antinociceptive properties of Thymus carmanicus are mediated by opioidergic mechanism, which in turn validated the traditional uses of the plant in the treatment of pain.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83411808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Dehghan-Nayeri, P. Eshghi, K. G. Pour, A. Gharehbaghian
Risk-based therapy protocols have dramatically improved survival rates in more than 80% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (chALL). Prognostic biomarkers could be valuable for predicting the relapsed ALL patients and may therefore contribute to improving ALL outcome. Presently, there are little data on the role of prognostic biomarkers in the risk stratification of ALL. The aim of the present systematic review is to survey the identified prognostic biomarkers of chALL. In this study, protein-protein interaction of identified biomarkers was evaluated to reveal the biological pathways related to high risk chALL. To pursue this goal, firstly all relevant studies were collected through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with no restrictions. Then, the biomarkers of high risk patients were recorded and finally protein-protein interaction of biomarkers was analyzed through using the STRING database. After screening 82 abstracts, three studies were included with 36 high risk and 33 low risk B-ALL participants. Totally, 142 biomarkers were investigated in this study. Protein interaction network analysis of biomarkers revealed two main pathways, namely ribosome and spliceosome. Dysregulation of two key pathways, ribosome and spliceosome can be associated with the high risk phenotype of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
{"title":"A systematic review of proteomic biomarkers associated with risk stratification in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"N. Dehghan-Nayeri, P. Eshghi, K. G. Pour, A. Gharehbaghian","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.13763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.13763","url":null,"abstract":"Risk-based therapy protocols have dramatically improved survival rates in more than 80% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (chALL). Prognostic biomarkers could be valuable for predicting the relapsed ALL patients and may therefore contribute to improving ALL outcome. Presently, there are little data on the role of prognostic biomarkers in the risk stratification of ALL. The aim of the present systematic review is to survey the identified prognostic biomarkers of chALL. In this study, protein-protein interaction of identified biomarkers was evaluated to reveal the biological pathways related to high risk chALL. To pursue this goal, firstly all relevant studies were collected through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases with no restrictions. Then, the biomarkers of high risk patients were recorded and finally protein-protein interaction of biomarkers was analyzed through using the STRING database. After screening 82 abstracts, three studies were included with 36 high risk and 33 low risk B-ALL participants. Totally, 142 biomarkers were investigated in this study. Protein interaction network analysis of biomarkers revealed two main pathways, namely ribosome and spliceosome. Dysregulation of two key pathways, ribosome and spliceosome can be associated with the high risk phenotype of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88209536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Azizeh Sadeghzadeh, A. Bayrami, F. Mahmoudi, H. Khazali, A. Asadi
Dopamine, kisspeptin and ghrelin are important factors for regulating the reproduction and food intake. Finding the effective central or peripheral factors on ghrelin secretion attracted the attention of most researches. In the present experimental study, the effects of dopamine, kisspeptin and the GPR54 receptor signaling pathway role in the mediating the dopamine effects was determined on ghrelin secretion. Forty Wistar male rats weighing 220-250g in 8 groups received saline, 1nmol kisspeptin, 5, 15 or 45 microgram dopamine hydrochloride, simultaneous injections of 1nmol peptide 234 and kisspeptin, 15microgram dopamine and kisspeptin or peptide234 and 15microgram dopamine via third cerebral ventricle respectively. Blood samples were collected via tail vein. Mean serum ghrelin concentrations were determined by rat ghrelin kit and ELISA method. Kisspeptin significantly decreased mean serum concentration compared to saline group, while 15 or 45 microgram dopamine significantly increased mean serum ghrelin level compared to saline group. Kisspeptin significantly blocked the stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretion compared to dopamine group. Dopaminergic and kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling pathways may interact to control the ghrelin secretion at hypothalamic level. Stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretions could exert partly via decreasing the activity of hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons.
{"title":"The effects of interaction of Dopaminergic and Kisspeptin neural pathways on Ghrelin secretion in rats","authors":"Azizeh Sadeghzadeh, A. Bayrami, F. Mahmoudi, H. Khazali, A. Asadi","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.17721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.17721","url":null,"abstract":"Dopamine, kisspeptin and ghrelin are important factors for regulating the reproduction and food intake. Finding the effective central or peripheral factors on ghrelin secretion attracted the attention of most researches. In the present experimental study, the effects of dopamine, kisspeptin and the GPR54 receptor signaling pathway role in the mediating the dopamine effects was determined on ghrelin secretion. Forty Wistar male rats weighing 220-250g in 8 groups received saline, 1nmol kisspeptin, 5, 15 or 45 microgram dopamine hydrochloride, simultaneous injections of 1nmol peptide 234 and kisspeptin, 15microgram dopamine and kisspeptin or peptide234 and 15microgram dopamine via third cerebral ventricle respectively. Blood samples were collected via tail vein. Mean serum ghrelin concentrations were determined by rat ghrelin kit and ELISA method. Kisspeptin significantly decreased mean serum concentration compared to saline group, while 15 or 45 microgram dopamine significantly increased mean serum ghrelin level compared to saline group. Kisspeptin significantly blocked the stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretion compared to dopamine group. Dopaminergic and kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling pathways may interact to control the ghrelin secretion at hypothalamic level. Stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretions could exert partly via decreasing the activity of hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Esmaeilpour-Bandboni, Iman Alizadeh, M. YektaKooshali, A. Ramezani
Scientometric analysis should be given great heed in university and research centers for various research and educational reasons. This study aimed to carry out a scientometirc analysis of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging articles authored by Iranian researchers and published in journals indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 2001 to 2016. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which as many as 3335 documents authored by Iranian researchers were identified on the two citation databases using field-specific keywords. HistCite™, MS Excel and VOSviewer™ were used to analyze the data. The study discovered that in terms of publications in both citation databases, Iran is almost among the top 30 countries in quantitative and qualitative studies. Iran's contribution was, however, very low in both web of Science (0.32%) and Scopus (0.52%). It was found that “Iranian Journal of Radiation Research” and “Iranian Journal of Radiology” are indexed in both databases; Tehran University of Medical Sciences and University of Tehran are also the most contributing institutions in the databases. According to the findings of the study, it is recommended that Iranian researchers increase their scientific cooperation with researchers from other leading countries in these fields including the United States, Japan and Germany to gain a better quantity and quality of publications.
由于各种研究和教育的原因，大学和研究中心应该高度重视科学计量分析。本研究旨在对2001年至2016年期间由伊朗研究人员撰写并发表在Web of Science和Scopus数据库索引期刊上的放射学、核医学和医学影像学文章进行科学计量分析。这是一项横断面描述性研究，其中使用特定领域关键词在两个引文数据库中确定了多达3335份由伊朗研究人员撰写的文献。使用HistCite™、MS Excel和VOSviewer™对数据进行分析。研究发现，就两个引文数据库的出版物数量而言，伊朗在定量和定性研究方面几乎都排在前30位。然而，伊朗的贡献在web of Science(0.32%)和Scopus(0.52%)中都非常低。发现“伊朗放射研究杂志”和“伊朗放射学杂志”在两个数据库中都有索引;德黑兰医科大学和德黑兰大学也是数据库中贡献最多的机构。根据这项研究的结果，建议伊朗研究人员加强与来自这些领域其他主要国家(包括美国、日本和德国)的研究人员的科学合作，以获得更好的出版物数量和质量。
{"title":"Scientometric analysis of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging publications of Iran in the Web of Science and Scopus Databases","authors":"Mohammad Esmaeilpour-Bandboni, Iman Alizadeh, M. YektaKooshali, A. Ramezani","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.13591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.13591","url":null,"abstract":"Scientometric analysis should be given great heed in university and research centers for various research and educational reasons. This study aimed to carry out a scientometirc analysis of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging articles authored by Iranian researchers and published in journals indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 2001 to 2016. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which as many as 3335 documents authored by Iranian researchers were identified on the two citation databases using field-specific keywords. HistCite™, MS Excel and VOSviewer™ were used to analyze the data. The study discovered that in terms of publications in both citation databases, Iran is almost among the top 30 countries in quantitative and qualitative studies. Iran's contribution was, however, very low in both web of Science (0.32%) and Scopus (0.52%). It was found that “Iranian Journal of Radiation Research” and “Iranian Journal of Radiology” are indexed in both databases; Tehran University of Medical Sciences and University of Tehran are also the most contributing institutions in the databases. According to the findings of the study, it is recommended that Iranian researchers increase their scientific cooperation with researchers from other leading countries in these fields including the United States, Japan and Germany to gain a better quantity and quality of publications.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73584781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atiye Nazari, H. Alavi-Majd, N. Shakeri, Mohsen Bakhshandeh
Functional MRI is a noninvasive method in brain imaging. Localization, classification, prediction and connectivity are the most common issues. Functional connectivity is a branch of fMRI that focuses on connectivity between voxels and ROIs. There are several methods for investigating functional connectivity such as correlation analysis. In any field, it is very important that results of any research have reliability according to the experiment. Any methods and measurement instruments need to be reliable. Without reliability, results are meaningless and our research is not trustworthy. Brain imaging can be used as a valuable tool for pre-surgical planning, so the results should be highly reproducible. Test-retest reliability can be explored using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). I2C2 is an extent of ICC to verify the reliability in high-dimensional data as imaging studies. 13 subjects of test-retest resting-state fMRI are used to investigate reliability. I2C2 of four ROIs are also computed (Caudate, Cingulate, Cuneus and Precentral regions). Functional connectivity is found to have moderate reliability ranging 0.6244 to 0.6941. 95% confidence interval of I2C2 is calculated by nonparametric bootstrap in which CI of Caudate region I2C2 has the shortest length.
{"title":"Reliability of functional connectivity in resting-state functional MRI","authors":"Atiye Nazari, H. Alavi-Majd, N. Shakeri, Mohsen Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.22037/jps.v9i1.19201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/jps.v9i1.19201","url":null,"abstract":"Functional MRI is a noninvasive method in brain imaging. Localization, classification, prediction and connectivity are the most common issues. Functional connectivity is a branch of fMRI that focuses on connectivity between voxels and ROIs. There are several methods for investigating functional connectivity such as correlation analysis. In any field, it is very important that results of any research have reliability according to the experiment. Any methods and measurement instruments need to be reliable. Without reliability, results are meaningless and our research is not trustworthy. Brain imaging can be used as a valuable tool for pre-surgical planning, so the results should be highly reproducible. Test-retest reliability can be explored using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). I2C2 is an extent of ICC to verify the reliability in high-dimensional data as imaging studies. 13 subjects of test-retest resting-state fMRI are used to investigate reliability. I2C2 of four ROIs are also computed (Caudate, Cingulate, Cuneus and Precentral regions). Functional connectivity is found to have moderate reliability ranging 0.6244 to 0.6941. 95% confidence interval of I2C2 is calculated by nonparametric bootstrap in which CI of Caudate region I2C2 has the shortest length.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73023383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forough Pazhuheian, A. Abadi, F. Zayeri, T. Baghfalaki, Payam Amini, Nastaran Laal, Parisa Ahmadi, Farhad Pazhuheian
Discharge is the process of transferring a patient from hospital which involves a transfer of responsibility from inpatient service providers or hospitalist to the patient and primary care physicians. Inappropriate follow up after discharge will increase the risk of re-admission and re-hospitalization which leads to the poor performance of the health system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physician's caring after discharge on re-admission and referral to doctors.This study was conducted as a clinical trial on patients with early intervention for educational instruction. The clinical trial was conducted at a later stage on 120 patients with heart failure who were hospitalized in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran. For a period of five months after discharge, using block randomization, the subjects were divided into two groups, including intervention and control groups. At the time of discharge, the patients in the intervention group received instructions and were trained by physicians, while no intervention was applied for the subjects in the control group . In addition to demographic questions, the patients were asked about two main outcomes, i.e. "re-admission" and "referral to doctors". To collect the required data, the subjects in both groups were contacted via telephone calls (nine times) every week in the first month after discharge and two times per week in the following two months. Generalized linear mixed effects model method was used for evaluating the effect of physicians caring after discharge on re-admission and re-hospitalization.The results of this study showed that with the passage of time (weekly) after discharge, there was a significant increase in the rate of re-admission in the control group, while there was no significant increase in re-hospitalization. There was no statistical evidence showing a significant difference between the rates of re-admission along with the time in the treatment intervals. In other words, the patients in the control group experienced a significant increase in the odds ratio of re-admission over the time.
{"title":"Effect of training after discharge on re-admission and re-hospitalization of patients with heart failure (randomized single-blind clinical trial)","authors":"Forough Pazhuheian, A. Abadi, F. Zayeri, T. Baghfalaki, Payam Amini, Nastaran Laal, Parisa Ahmadi, Farhad Pazhuheian","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.15890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.15890","url":null,"abstract":"Discharge is the process of transferring a patient from hospital which involves a transfer of responsibility from inpatient service providers or hospitalist to the patient and primary care physicians. Inappropriate follow up after discharge will increase the risk of re-admission and re-hospitalization which leads to the poor performance of the health system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physician's caring after discharge on re-admission and referral to doctors.This study was conducted as a clinical trial on patients with early intervention for educational instruction. The clinical trial was conducted at a later stage on 120 patients with heart failure who were hospitalized in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran. For a period of five months after discharge, using block randomization, the subjects were divided into two groups, including intervention and control groups. At the time of discharge, the patients in the intervention group received instructions and were trained by physicians, while no intervention was applied for the subjects in the control group . In addition to demographic questions, the patients were asked about two main outcomes, i.e. \"re-admission\" and \"referral to doctors\". To collect the required data, the subjects in both groups were contacted via telephone calls (nine times) every week in the first month after discharge and two times per week in the following two months. Generalized linear mixed effects model method was used for evaluating the effect of physicians caring after discharge on re-admission and re-hospitalization.The results of this study showed that with the passage of time (weekly) after discharge, there was a significant increase in the rate of re-admission in the control group, while there was no significant increase in re-hospitalization. There was no statistical evidence showing a significant difference between the rates of re-admission along with the time in the treatment intervals. In other words, the patients in the control group experienced a significant increase in the odds ratio of re-admission over the time.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73895767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ahmadi, F. Maroufi, Hoora Kelki, Narges Zolghadri, F. Moradi, Amirhosein Maali, M. Azad
Introduction: ABO antigens and the glycoproteins constituting the blood groups such as Kell and Rh systems are the mostly focused blood groups in transfusion medicine. Their importance is tightly associated with the presence of natural isoantibodies, their protein structure, and immunogenicity. The aim of our study was to assess the distribution of major Rh and Kell antigens and the most probable genotype in a normal population of Qazvin city, Iran. Materials and methods: This study was done on 1000 healthy people who were candidates for getting driver’s license. The blood samples were tested for Kell, ABO and major Rh antigens by standard tube agglutination method. Results: Out of 1000 samples studied, the prevalence of RhD was 86.6%. The incidence of other Rh antigens i.e. C, E, c and e was 73%, 29.8%, 72.1%, and 95.9% respectively. The most common phenotype in the samples was DCce and the least one was shown to be CcEe. Kell antigen frequency was 8.2%. On the other hand, 91.8% of people were indicated to be negative for the Kell antigen. Conclusion: Taken together, the amount of the individuals negative for the Kell and Rh system are adequate to provide new policies for identification of these antigens for both blood donors and recipients.
{"title":"The incidence of ABO, Kell and Rh system blood groups in general population of Qazvin, Iran","authors":"M. Ahmadi, F. Maroufi, Hoora Kelki, Narges Zolghadri, F. Moradi, Amirhosein Maali, M. Azad","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I4.23294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I4.23294","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: ABO antigens and the glycoproteins constituting the blood groups such as Kell and Rh systems are the mostly focused blood groups in transfusion medicine. Their importance is tightly associated with the presence of natural isoantibodies, their protein structure, and immunogenicity. The aim of our study was to assess the distribution of major Rh and Kell antigens and the most probable genotype in a normal population of Qazvin city, Iran. Materials and methods: This study was done on 1000 healthy people who were candidates for getting driver’s license. The blood samples were tested for Kell, ABO and major Rh antigens by standard tube agglutination method. Results: Out of 1000 samples studied, the prevalence of RhD was 86.6%. The incidence of other Rh antigens i.e. C, E, c and e was 73%, 29.8%, 72.1%, and 95.9% respectively. The most common phenotype in the samples was DCce and the least one was shown to be CcEe. Kell antigen frequency was 8.2%. On the other hand, 91.8% of people were indicated to be negative for the Kell antigen. Conclusion: Taken together, the amount of the individuals negative for the Kell and Rh system are adequate to provide new policies for identification of these antigens for both blood donors and recipients.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80200521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introdaction: Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is rising at an alarming rate. Essentially, one of the important ways for bacteria such as P. aeruginosa to survive in the presence of antibiotics is biofilm formation. In the current report, we have focused on inhibiting the microbial biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa through combining glutathione (GSH) coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ciprofloxacin (Cip). Materials and Methods: AgNPs were biosynthesized using Eucalyptus Camaldulensis leaf extracts and surface modification of AgNPs was done, using glutathione. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, and CHN tests. Then, 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were originated from different samples of hospitalized patients from Sina hospital and 24 isolates were selected as a strong biofilm producer using microtiter plate method for further studies. Finally, the synergistic effect of GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip was investigated on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa . Result: The images of SEM represent the spherical structure of silver nanoparticles with a smooth surface. Also, the results of FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, and CHN of AgNPs before and after surface coating confirmed the formation of GSH-coated AgNPs. GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip at a concentration of 1/2 and 1/4 MIC had an inhibitory activity on biofilm formation of 87.5% and 83.4% of P. aeruginosa isolates respectively. Conclusion: This study illustrated that the combination of GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip has a synergistic inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.
{"title":"The Antimicrobial Effects of Ciprofloxacin Combined with Green Synthesized Glutathione-coated Silver Nanoparticles on Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa","authors":"Mahammad Ghorbani, R. Safaeijavan, S. Z. Karizi","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I4.22641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I4.22641","url":null,"abstract":"Introdaction: Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is rising at an alarming rate. Essentially, one of the important ways for bacteria such as P. aeruginosa to survive in the presence of antibiotics is biofilm formation. In the current report, we have focused on inhibiting the microbial biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa through combining glutathione (GSH) coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ciprofloxacin (Cip). Materials and Methods: AgNPs were biosynthesized using Eucalyptus Camaldulensis leaf extracts and surface modification of AgNPs was done, using glutathione. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, and CHN tests. Then, 50 isolates of P. aeruginosa were originated from different samples of hospitalized patients from Sina hospital and 24 isolates were selected as a strong biofilm producer using microtiter plate method for further studies. Finally, the synergistic effect of GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip was investigated on biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa . Result: The images of SEM represent the spherical structure of silver nanoparticles with a smooth surface. Also, the results of FTIR, XRD, DLS, SEM, and CHN of AgNPs before and after surface coating confirmed the formation of GSH-coated AgNPs. GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip at a concentration of 1/2 and 1/4 MIC had an inhibitory activity on biofilm formation of 87.5% and 83.4% of P. aeruginosa isolates respectively. Conclusion: This study illustrated that the combination of GSH-coated AgNPs and Cip has a synergistic inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80589989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masoud Soheili, Afsaneh Arefi Oskuei, M. Tavirani, Seyyed Mojtaba Banitaba, Ghazaleh Aliakbarzadeh, M. Salami
Metabolites are the intermediate and natural low molecular weight products of metabolic reactions that naturally occur within cells. Metabolomics is a post-genomics study that analyzes metabolic profile in all biological samples. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a powerful technique that detects volatile components. In this study we evaluate the metabolite profile of serum with a simple method for derivatization. The metabolic profile of serum taken from 16 rats was analyzed using GC-MS after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Then, it was derivatized with a method requiring the less number and volume of materials. Acquisition chromatograms were pre-processed and analyzed using National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. We detected 35 metabolites with probability of >60% perfect match according to spectrum fragments analysis by NIST library.This study represents the metabolome profile of serum instead the change of metabolites that can be evaluated by a simple derivatization method.
{"title":"A method of GC-MS analysis of serum metabolites","authors":"Masoud Soheili, Afsaneh Arefi Oskuei, M. Tavirani, Seyyed Mojtaba Banitaba, Ghazaleh Aliakbarzadeh, M. Salami","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I1.16927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I1.16927","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolites are the intermediate and natural low molecular weight products of metabolic reactions that naturally occur within cells. Metabolomics is a post-genomics study that analyzes metabolic profile in all biological samples. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a powerful technique that detects volatile components. In this study we evaluate the metabolite profile of serum with a simple method for derivatization. The metabolic profile of serum taken from 16 rats was analyzed using GC-MS after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Then, it was derivatized with a method requiring the less number and volume of materials. Acquisition chromatograms were pre-processed and analyzed using National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. We detected 35 metabolites with probability of >60% perfect match according to spectrum fragments analysis by NIST library.This study represents the metabolome profile of serum instead the change of metabolites that can be evaluated by a simple derivatization method.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85053536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L Introdaction: Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis disease, presented in three forms including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral (kala-azar). The parasite, Leishmania spp, is transferred by the causative agent of the disease, namely the sand-fly. Accurate identification of sand-flies helps to prevent and treat the disease. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to identify sand-fly species distributed in Birjand, east of Iran. Sand-flies were collected from different parts of Birjand city, Iran through using sticky traps in summer 2015. Captured female specimens were mounted and identified by specific keys. Result: In this study, a total of 1480 samples of sand-flies were collected, out of which 945 sand-flies in areas were related to animal and 535 sand-flies in areas related to human. The most prevalent species, among 654 collected female specimens were Phlebotomus sergenti (22.17%) and Sergentomyia dentata (49.54%). Conclusion: According to the current results, the dominant species among disease vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis is the urban type. Because of the presence of Leishmania tropica , the city's health system must take necessary care to control cutaneous leishmaniasis.
{"title":"Morphological Identification of Sandflies and Their Species’ Diversity","authors":"Amin Baharshahi, Mahmoodreza Behravan, Alireza Keikhosravi","doi":"10.22037/JPS.V9I4.13674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/JPS.V9I4.13674","url":null,"abstract":"L Introdaction: Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis disease, presented in three forms including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral (kala-azar). The parasite, Leishmania spp, is transferred by the causative agent of the disease, namely the sand-fly. Accurate identification of sand-flies helps to prevent and treat the disease. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to identify sand-fly species distributed in Birjand, east of Iran. Sand-flies were collected from different parts of Birjand city, Iran through using sticky traps in summer 2015. Captured female specimens were mounted and identified by specific keys. Result: In this study, a total of 1480 samples of sand-flies were collected, out of which 945 sand-flies in areas were related to animal and 535 sand-flies in areas related to human. The most prevalent species, among 654 collected female specimens were Phlebotomus sergenti (22.17%) and Sergentomyia dentata (49.54%). Conclusion: According to the current results, the dominant species among disease vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis is the urban type. Because of the presence of Leishmania tropica , the city's health system must take necessary care to control cutaneous leishmaniasis.","PeriodicalId":16663,"journal":{"name":"Journal of paramedical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85237654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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