Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate RA patients’ serum resistin levels and to observe the relationshipbetween disease activity and resistin.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on (100) RA Iraqi patients during treatment with bDMARDs. The firstgroup of 50 patients received etanercept, and the second group of 50 patients were on Rituximab (RTX). The controlgroup comprised of 50 healthy individuals. ELISA was used to evaluate serum Resistin in and anti-CRP. Inflammatorymarkers ESR, and CRP with biochemical tests were conducted. In addition to estimating Clinical Disease Activity scoreI(CDAI) by the physicians; at Baghdad Teaching Hospital.Results: Levels of Resistin of RA treated with RTX were significantly higher (16.30 ± 7.38ng/ml) than in RA treated withETN (10.61±5.85ng/ml) compared to the control group. (6.95±1.70 ng/ml). The resistin level showed a positivecorrelation with Anti-CCP abs which was considered to have a high positive correlation (p< 0.01) in ETN group. Whilethis correlation was lower than the RTX group, the, correlation between resistin, and ESR was the highest in RTX groupwhilst no such correlation was observed in the ETN group. There was a positive correlation with CDAI of RA subgroups(moderate activity (p<0.05), and high activity (p<0.001). The logistic regression of resistin was associated with biologicaltreatment, odds ratio was (OR=1.138, p-value= 0.014, 95% CI.1.025-1.257) during ETN, and RTX independent of CRP.Conclusion: There is an association between serum RSN and anti CRP as a result of disease activity independent ofCRP. resist in levels can be used to determine disease activity to avoid disease progression and erosion.Keywords: Protein, Antibodies, Etanercept, Rituximab, Disease, Physicians
目的:本研究旨在评估RA患者血清抵抗素水平，并观察疾病活动度与抵抗素的关系。方法:对100例伊拉克类风湿性关节炎患者进行bDMARDs治疗的病例对照研究。第一组50例患者使用依那西普，第二组50例患者使用利妥昔单抗(RTX)。对照组由50名健康个体组成。ELISA法检测血清抵抗素和抗crp。进行炎症标志物ESR、CRP及生化检测。除了由医生估计临床疾病活动评分(CDAI)外;在巴格达教学医院结果:RTX组RA抵抗素水平(16.30±7.38ng/ml)明显高于thetn组(10.61±5.85ng/ml)。(6.95±1.70 ng / ml)。抵抗素水平与抗ccp抗体呈正相关，被认为具有高度正相关(p<ETN组为0.01)。虽然这种相关性低于RTX组，但抵抗素与ESR之间的相关性在RTX组中最高，而在ETN组中未观察到这种相关性。与RA亚组CDAI呈正相关(中度活动(p<0.05)，高活性(p<0.001)。在ETN期间，抵抗素的logistic回归与生物治疗相关，优势比为(OR=1.138, p值= 0.014,95% CI.1.025-1.257)， RTX与CRP无关。结论:血清RSN与抗CRP之间存在相关性，这是独立于CRP的疾病活动性的结果。抵抗水平可用于确定疾病活动，以避免疾病进展和侵蚀。关键词:蛋白质，抗体，依那西普，利妥昔单抗，疾病，医生
{"title":"Evaluation of serum resistin levels in Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients under biological treatment and their correlated clinical disease activity index","authors":"None Shatha Sabah Shyaa, None Hanaa Naji Abdullah, None Khaled Yassin Zakair","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate RA patients’ serum resistin levels and to observe the relationshipbetween disease activity and resistin.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on (100) RA Iraqi patients during treatment with bDMARDs. The firstgroup of 50 patients received etanercept, and the second group of 50 patients were on Rituximab (RTX). The controlgroup comprised of 50 healthy individuals. ELISA was used to evaluate serum Resistin in and anti-CRP. Inflammatorymarkers ESR, and CRP with biochemical tests were conducted. In addition to estimating Clinical Disease Activity scoreI(CDAI) by the physicians; at Baghdad Teaching Hospital.Results: Levels of Resistin of RA treated with RTX were significantly higher (16.30 ± 7.38ng/ml) than in RA treated withETN (10.61±5.85ng/ml) compared to the control group. (6.95±1.70 ng/ml). The resistin level showed a positivecorrelation with Anti-CCP abs which was considered to have a high positive correlation (p< 0.01) in ETN group. Whilethis correlation was lower than the RTX group, the, correlation between resistin, and ESR was the highest in RTX groupwhilst no such correlation was observed in the ETN group. There was a positive correlation with CDAI of RA subgroups(moderate activity (p<0.05), and high activity (p<0.001). The logistic regression of resistin was associated with biologicaltreatment, odds ratio was (OR=1.138, p-value= 0.014, 95% CI.1.025-1.257) during ETN, and RTX independent of CRP.Conclusion: There is an association between serum RSN and anti CRP as a result of disease activity independent ofCRP. resist in levels can be used to determine disease activity to avoid disease progression and erosion.Keywords: Protein, Antibodies, Etanercept, Rituximab, Disease, Physicians","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134943853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Rawaa Kamel Abd, None Duaa Abd Al Azem, None Ayad Abbas Aend, None Khalied Yassen Zakair
Objective: To determine how Thymus vulgaris and Ecalyptus globulus affected the symptoms of coronavirus disease-2019 patients.Method: The experimental case-control study was conducted in Al-Nasiriya city, Iraq, from December 15, 2020, toFebruary 20, 2021, and comprised patients of either gender aged 20-50 years diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 infection. The patients’ symptoms ranged from mild to severe. Half of the sample was exposed to the study’streatment protocol, while the other half acted as control. Thyme, orange and lemon were employed as sources ofvitamin C, as well as eucalyptus leaves and oil. The cases were exposed to eucalyptus vapours for 5-10 minutes afterthoroughly washing the plant leaves (7-10 leaves or 5 drops of oil) and boiling them in drinking water at 100°C for 10-15 minutes. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.Results: Of the 48 patients, 24(50%) were in each of the two groups. Age and gender were not significantly different(p>0.05), while body mass index and blood group distribution was significantly different between the groups (p<0.05).Overall, 22(45.8%) subjects had mild symptoms, 20(41.7%) had moderate symptoms and 6(12.5%) had severesymptoms. The improvement in the symptoms among the cases was significantly more than the controls (p<0.05)except nasal congestion (p>0.05).Conclusion: Using eucalyptus vapours in the form of dried leaves or oil could significantly lessen coronavirus disease-2019 symptoms.Keywords: Eucalyptus, Thymus, Plant, Citrus, Cough, Smell, COVID-19, Leaves, Vaccines, Vitamins.
{"title":"The effectiveness of eucalyptus globulus and thymus vulgaris in reducing COVID-19 symptoms among COVID-19 patients at Al- Nasiriya City","authors":"None Rawaa Kamel Abd, None Duaa Abd Al Azem, None Ayad Abbas Aend, None Khalied Yassen Zakair","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine how Thymus vulgaris and Ecalyptus globulus affected the symptoms of coronavirus disease-2019 patients.Method: The experimental case-control study was conducted in Al-Nasiriya city, Iraq, from December 15, 2020, toFebruary 20, 2021, and comprised patients of either gender aged 20-50 years diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 infection. The patients’ symptoms ranged from mild to severe. Half of the sample was exposed to the study’streatment protocol, while the other half acted as control. Thyme, orange and lemon were employed as sources ofvitamin C, as well as eucalyptus leaves and oil. The cases were exposed to eucalyptus vapours for 5-10 minutes afterthoroughly washing the plant leaves (7-10 leaves or 5 drops of oil) and boiling them in drinking water at 100°C for 10-15 minutes. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.Results: Of the 48 patients, 24(50%) were in each of the two groups. Age and gender were not significantly different(p>0.05), while body mass index and blood group distribution was significantly different between the groups (p<0.05).Overall, 22(45.8%) subjects had mild symptoms, 20(41.7%) had moderate symptoms and 6(12.5%) had severesymptoms. The improvement in the symptoms among the cases was significantly more than the controls (p<0.05)except nasal congestion (p>0.05).Conclusion: Using eucalyptus vapours in the form of dried leaves or oil could significantly lessen coronavirus disease-2019 symptoms.Keywords: Eucalyptus, Thymus, Plant, Citrus, Cough, Smell, COVID-19, Leaves, Vaccines, Vitamins.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Hussein Katai Abdul Sada, None Salah Zuhair Abed Al Asadi, None Ahmed Mohammed Alsamak, None Amaleed Abduljaleel Alkadhem
Objective: To identify the source of eyes infections during coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Al-Basrah Teaching Hospital, Iraq from March 2 to September24, 2020, and comprised eye swabs from patients having confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus disease-2019. The swabswere subjected to microbiological and molecular examinations. They were cultivated on blood agar and savoureddextrose agar plates to detect the types of microbes and then confirmed by genetic analysis using polymerase chainreaction. Chi-square was used to identify the differences between samples who had symptoms or those who had nosymptoms p Less than or Equal to 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 213 patients quarantined with coronavirus disease-2019, there were 98(46%) males and 115(54%)females. Of them, 22(10.3%) had red eyes; 10(45.45%) males and 12(54.54%) females, with overall age ranging 18-74years. Streptococcus pneumonia was detected in 8(36.6%) patients, followed by staphylococcus aureus and candidaalbicans 5(22.7%) each, and haemophilus influenzae 3(13.6%).Conclusion: Red eyes of some patients with coronavirus disease-2019 may have been caused by secondary infection.Keywords: Agar, Staphylococcus aureus, Photophobia, Polymerase chain reaction, Glucose, Pruritus.
{"title":"Red eyes: COVID-19 or Microbial infection","authors":"None Hussein Katai Abdul Sada, None Salah Zuhair Abed Al Asadi, None Ahmed Mohammed Alsamak, None Amaleed Abduljaleel Alkadhem","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify the source of eyes infections during coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Al-Basrah Teaching Hospital, Iraq from March 2 to September24, 2020, and comprised eye swabs from patients having confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus disease-2019. The swabswere subjected to microbiological and molecular examinations. They were cultivated on blood agar and savoureddextrose agar plates to detect the types of microbes and then confirmed by genetic analysis using polymerase chainreaction. Chi-square was used to identify the differences between samples who had symptoms or those who had nosymptoms p Less than or Equal to 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 213 patients quarantined with coronavirus disease-2019, there were 98(46%) males and 115(54%)females. Of them, 22(10.3%) had red eyes; 10(45.45%) males and 12(54.54%) females, with overall age ranging 18-74years. Streptococcus pneumonia was detected in 8(36.6%) patients, followed by staphylococcus aureus and candidaalbicans 5(22.7%) each, and haemophilus influenzae 3(13.6%).Conclusion: Red eyes of some patients with coronavirus disease-2019 may have been caused by secondary infection.Keywords: Agar, Staphylococcus aureus, Photophobia, Polymerase chain reaction, Glucose, Pruritus.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To find the correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin inpatients with multiple myeloma.Method: The case-control study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022, after approval from ethics reviewcommittees of three major medical establishments in Baghdad, Iraq. There were randomly selected multiple myelomapatients of either gender with normal concentration of urea and creatinine in group A, multiple myeloma patients ofeither gender with increased concentration of urea and creatinine in group B and healthy controls in group C.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin were assessed using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.Results: Of the 180 subjects, there were 60(33.3%) in each of the 3 groups, with each group having 40(66.5%) malesand 20(33.3%) females, and overall age ranging 40-79 years. Protein electrophoresis in group A patients wassignificantly higher (p=0.001) in alpha1, beta and gamma globulin. Among group B patients, a highly significantincrease (p=0.001) was noted in alpha1, alpha2, beta and gamma globulin. Beta2-microglobulin was a more sensitiveand specific marker for renal injury than neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in myeloma patients(p<0.05).Conclusion: Beta2-microglobulin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were both more sensitive markersthan serum urea and creatinine in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in multiple myeloma patients.Keywords: Lipocalin, Creatinine, Multiple myeloma, Microglobulin, Urea, Electrophoresis, Globulins, Albumins,Enzyme, Immunosorbent assay, Kidney injury.
{"title":"Correlation between Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and ß2-Microglobulin with serum protein electrophoresis in multiple myeloma patients","authors":"None Inas Nazeeh Abed, None Hiba Abid Al-Hussein Hassan, None Usama Salman Al Timari","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find the correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin inpatients with multiple myeloma.Method: The case-control study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022, after approval from ethics reviewcommittees of three major medical establishments in Baghdad, Iraq. There were randomly selected multiple myelomapatients of either gender with normal concentration of urea and creatinine in group A, multiple myeloma patients ofeither gender with increased concentration of urea and creatinine in group B and healthy controls in group C.Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and beta2-microglobulin were assessed using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.Results: Of the 180 subjects, there were 60(33.3%) in each of the 3 groups, with each group having 40(66.5%) malesand 20(33.3%) females, and overall age ranging 40-79 years. Protein electrophoresis in group A patients wassignificantly higher (p=0.001) in alpha1, beta and gamma globulin. Among group B patients, a highly significantincrease (p=0.001) was noted in alpha1, alpha2, beta and gamma globulin. Beta2-microglobulin was a more sensitiveand specific marker for renal injury than neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in myeloma patients(p<0.05).Conclusion: Beta2-microglobulin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were both more sensitive markersthan serum urea and creatinine in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury in multiple myeloma patients.Keywords: Lipocalin, Creatinine, Multiple myeloma, Microglobulin, Urea, Electrophoresis, Globulins, Albumins,Enzyme, Immunosorbent assay, Kidney injury.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134943983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Sally Adnan Mousa AL Rekabi, None Noor Noori Abid Al Shemary
Objective: To evaluate how letrozole affects reproductive hormones and embryos in mature female mice.Method: The investigative study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 at the Pathology Departmentof Kut Technical Institute, Al-Kut, Iraq, and comprised adult female albino mice weighing 23-25g. The mice were dividedinto control group A, those receiving 1.5mg/kg/day letrozole in group B, and those receiving 2.5mg/kg/day letrozolein group C. The intervention lasted 14 days. Blood samples were collected under anaesthesia by heart puncture forhormonal testing. Data was analysed using SPSS 15.Results: Of the 30 mice, 10(33.3%) were in each of the 3 groups. Right and left ovaries of mice in groups B and Cshowed a significant rise in multi-follicular cells compared to group A (p<0.05). Follicle-stimulating hormone, oestrogenand progesterone concentrations as well as luteinizing hormone increased significantly in the intervention groupscompared to the control group (p<0.05). The impact of letrozole on embryos was significant in groups B and Ccompared to group A.Conclusions: Letrozole was found to have a positive effect on reproductive parameters and hormones in mice.Keywords: Mice, Ovary, Letrozole, oestrogen, Progesterone, Luteinizing hormone.
{"title":"The effect of letrozole treatment on the fertility and embryos parameters in female mice: Histological and hormonal study","authors":"None Sally Adnan Mousa AL Rekabi, None Noor Noori Abid Al Shemary","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-31","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate how letrozole affects reproductive hormones and embryos in mature female mice.Method: The investigative study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022 at the Pathology Departmentof Kut Technical Institute, Al-Kut, Iraq, and comprised adult female albino mice weighing 23-25g. The mice were dividedinto control group A, those receiving 1.5mg/kg/day letrozole in group B, and those receiving 2.5mg/kg/day letrozolein group C. The intervention lasted 14 days. Blood samples were collected under anaesthesia by heart puncture forhormonal testing. Data was analysed using SPSS 15.Results: Of the 30 mice, 10(33.3%) were in each of the 3 groups. Right and left ovaries of mice in groups B and Cshowed a significant rise in multi-follicular cells compared to group A (p<0.05). Follicle-stimulating hormone, oestrogenand progesterone concentrations as well as luteinizing hormone increased significantly in the intervention groupscompared to the control group (p<0.05). The impact of letrozole on embryos was significant in groups B and Ccompared to group A.Conclusions: Letrozole was found to have a positive effect on reproductive parameters and hormones in mice.Keywords: Mice, Ovary, Letrozole, oestrogen, Progesterone, Luteinizing hormone.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Khalida Abbas Al Kelaby, None Qabas Neamah Hadi Al Hajjar, None Ghaith Kadhim Al Azam
This study identified the predominance of HCV in patients undergoing haemodialysis and the risk factors related to age, gender, residence and occupation. It was conducted in the haemodialysis centre in Al-Saddar hospital in Al-Najaf province. A total of 193 patients were enrolled. Blood was drawn for testing HCV antibodies using ELISA. A positive result for presence of antibodies confirmed HCV infection. Of 193 patients studied, 43(22.3%) were infected with HCV. The higher frequency of infection was in the age group 31- 50 years (11.4%). The rate of HCV in women was (22.89%), while in men it was (21.81%) which was an insignificant difference. Continue....
{"title":"Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in patients undergoing haemodialysis in Al-Najaf Province","authors":"None Khalida Abbas Al Kelaby, None Qabas Neamah Hadi Al Hajjar, None Ghaith Kadhim Al Azam","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-34","url":null,"abstract":"This study identified the predominance of HCV in patients undergoing haemodialysis and the risk factors related to age, gender, residence and occupation. It was conducted in the haemodialysis centre in Al-Saddar hospital in Al-Najaf province. A total of 193 patients were enrolled. Blood was drawn for testing HCV antibodies using ELISA. A positive result for presence of antibodies confirmed HCV infection. Of 193 patients studied, 43(22.3%) were infected with HCV. The higher frequency of infection was in the age group 31- 50 years (11.4%). The rate of HCV in women was (22.89%), while in men it was (21.81%) which was an insignificant difference. Continue....","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To identify workplace stress in healthcare workers.Method: The cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at Al-Kut and Al-Karamah hospitals in Kut,Iraq, from October 2019 to March 2020, and comprised health professionals regardless of age and gender.Data was collected through a pilot-tested questionnaire which was validated by a panel of experts. Datawas analysed using SPSS 25.Results: Of the 266 subjects, 133(50%) were from each of the two hospitals. Overall, there were 156(58.6%)females and 110(41.4%) males. There were 195(73.3%) subjects aged <30 years, 40(15%) aged 31-40 yearsand 31(11.7%) aged >40 years (p=0.625). There were 19(7.1%) physicians 72(27.1%) nurses, 88(33.1%)technicians and 87(32.7%) other healthcare workers. Stress was found in 20(7.5%) subjects; 13(65%) inAl-Karamah Hospital and 7(35%) in Al-Kut Hospital (p=0.245).Conclusion: The prevalence of stress was low among the health workers studied.Keywords: Stress, Ergonomics, Healthcare, Workers, Workplace.
{"title":"Workplace stress among healthcare workers in Kut city, Iraq, 2020","authors":"None Fatima Haran Deham, None Alaa Kadhim Jasim, None Khalied Yassen Zakair","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-09","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify workplace stress in healthcare workers.Method: The cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at Al-Kut and Al-Karamah hospitals in Kut,Iraq, from October 2019 to March 2020, and comprised health professionals regardless of age and gender.Data was collected through a pilot-tested questionnaire which was validated by a panel of experts. Datawas analysed using SPSS 25.Results: Of the 266 subjects, 133(50%) were from each of the two hospitals. Overall, there were 156(58.6%)females and 110(41.4%) males. There were 195(73.3%) subjects aged <30 years, 40(15%) aged 31-40 yearsand 31(11.7%) aged >40 years (p=0.625). There were 19(7.1%) physicians 72(27.1%) nurses, 88(33.1%)technicians and 87(32.7%) other healthcare workers. Stress was found in 20(7.5%) subjects; 13(65%) inAl-Karamah Hospital and 7(35%) in Al-Kut Hospital (p=0.245).Conclusion: The prevalence of stress was low among the health workers studied.Keywords: Stress, Ergonomics, Healthcare, Workers, Workplace.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Gossoon Juma Elywy, None Mohammed Malih Radhi, None Qasim Abbas Khyoosh AlEqabi
Objective: To assess the role of social support in predicting self-hardiness among women having breast cancer.Method: The descriptive correlational study was conducted at the Oncology Centre, Nasiriyah, Iraq, from August 3 toSeptember 22, 2022, and comprised women receiving treatment for breast cancer. Data was collected using a questionnairedesigned in the light of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, which was found reliable on the basis of apilot study. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.Results: There were 150 women with mean age 50.4±11.18 years. Of them, 135(90%) were married, 113(75.3%) wereunemployed, 90(60%) were living in rural areas, and 89(59.3%) had low socioeconomic status. Overall, 108(72%) patientsreported they received little social support. Self-hardiness significantly differed in relation to marital status (p=0.021), placeof residence (p=0.003) and income level (p=0.005). Social support positively correlated with self-hardiness (p=0 .000).Conclusion: Social support was found to be a predictor of increased self-hardiness that enhances resilience and enablespatients to deal with one of the most devastating illnesses of modern times.Keywords: Cancer, Breast, Neoplasms, Counselling.
{"title":"Relationship between social support and self-hardiness among breast cancer women in Nasiriyah, Iraq","authors":"None Gossoon Juma Elywy, None Mohammed Malih Radhi, None Qasim Abbas Khyoosh AlEqabi","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the role of social support in predicting self-hardiness among women having breast cancer.Method: The descriptive correlational study was conducted at the Oncology Centre, Nasiriyah, Iraq, from August 3 toSeptember 22, 2022, and comprised women receiving treatment for breast cancer. Data was collected using a questionnairedesigned in the light of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, which was found reliable on the basis of apilot study. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.Results: There were 150 women with mean age 50.4±11.18 years. Of them, 135(90%) were married, 113(75.3%) wereunemployed, 90(60%) were living in rural areas, and 89(59.3%) had low socioeconomic status. Overall, 108(72%) patientsreported they received little social support. Self-hardiness significantly differed in relation to marital status (p=0.021), placeof residence (p=0.003) and income level (p=0.005). Social support positively correlated with self-hardiness (p=0 .000).Conclusion: Social support was found to be a predictor of increased self-hardiness that enhances resilience and enablespatients to deal with one of the most devastating illnesses of modern times.Keywords: Cancer, Breast, Neoplasms, Counselling.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134943844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Enass Abdul Kadhum Almkhadhree, None Kawther Adnan Alqaseer, None Khairi Jameel AL Ruaby
Objective: To isolate pseudomonas aeruginosa from different clinical specimens, and to detect virulence factors.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Zharr Hospital and private clinics in Kut city of Wasit provincein Iraq from October 15, 2021, to April 30, 2022, and comprised samples obtained from different patient sites, such aswound swabs, ear swabs, urine samples, burn swabs and respiratory tract swabs. The samples were subjected tomolecular testing using, among other tools, polymerase chain reaction. The isolates were cultured on different media,such as blood agar, MacConkey agar and cetrimide agar, and were further diagnosed by biochemical testing. Datawas analysed using SPSS 20.Results:Of the 212 samples, there were 70(33%) wound swabs, 53(25%) ear swabs, 41(19.3%) urine samples, 33(15.6%)burn swabs and 15(7%) respiratory tract swabs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified in 54(25.47%) isolates viaculture-based characterisation. All 54(100%) isolates were positive for mexR and toxA on polymerase chain reaction,44(81.48%) were positive for exoU gene, 43(79.62%) for exoT gene, 36 (66.66) for exoT gen, 35(64.81%) for plcH, geneand 14(25.92 %) for exoS gene.Conclusions: Wound swabs were found to be the most common site for pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by earswabs and urine samples.Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Virulence, Agar, Cetrimonium, Virulence, Burns, Polymerase chain reaction, DNA.
{"title":"Molecular detection of virulence genes in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from different clinical infections","authors":"None Enass Abdul Kadhum Almkhadhree, None Kawther Adnan Alqaseer, None Khairi Jameel AL Ruaby","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To isolate pseudomonas aeruginosa from different clinical specimens, and to detect virulence factors.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Zharr Hospital and private clinics in Kut city of Wasit provincein Iraq from October 15, 2021, to April 30, 2022, and comprised samples obtained from different patient sites, such aswound swabs, ear swabs, urine samples, burn swabs and respiratory tract swabs. The samples were subjected tomolecular testing using, among other tools, polymerase chain reaction. The isolates were cultured on different media,such as blood agar, MacConkey agar and cetrimide agar, and were further diagnosed by biochemical testing. Datawas analysed using SPSS 20.Results:Of the 212 samples, there were 70(33%) wound swabs, 53(25%) ear swabs, 41(19.3%) urine samples, 33(15.6%)burn swabs and 15(7%) respiratory tract swabs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified in 54(25.47%) isolates viaculture-based characterisation. All 54(100%) isolates were positive for mexR and toxA on polymerase chain reaction,44(81.48%) were positive for exoU gene, 43(79.62%) for exoT gene, 36 (66.66) for exoT gen, 35(64.81%) for plcH, geneand 14(25.92 %) for exoS gene.Conclusions: Wound swabs were found to be the most common site for pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by earswabs and urine samples.Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Virulence, Agar, Cetrimonium, Virulence, Burns, Polymerase chain reaction, DNA.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing staff towards hepatitis B virus infection.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals in Kut, Iraq, in July 2020, and comprised nursingstaff regardless of age and gender. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire exploring demographicdetails as well as knowledge, attitude and practice of the nursing staff regarding hepatitis B virus infection. Data wasanalysed using SPSS 21.Result: Of the 3,008 nurses, 341(11.33%) were randomly enrolled; 170(49.9%) males and 171(50.1%) females. Therewere 140(41.1%) subjects aged 20–30 years, while 16(4.7%) were aged Greater than or Equal to 50 years. The mean knowledge score was 22.22±2.79 (range: 18-35 years), indicating better knowledge. The mean attitude score was 19.23±2.74 (range: 11-26), indicating positive attitude. The mean practice score was 13.04±1.84 (range: 8-17) indicating good practices.Conclusion: The knowledge level related to hepatitis B virus among the nursing staff was good. Overall improvementrelated to knowledge, attitude and practice among the nursing staff was needed.Keywords: Hepatitis, Virus, Health, Studies, Nurses, Surveys.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing staff regarding hepatitis B at Kut city, middle Iraq","authors":"None Rawaa Kamel Abd, None Basim Rihan Sahar","doi":"10.47391/jpma.iq-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.iq-33","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing staff towards hepatitis B virus infection.Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals in Kut, Iraq, in July 2020, and comprised nursingstaff regardless of age and gender. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire exploring demographicdetails as well as knowledge, attitude and practice of the nursing staff regarding hepatitis B virus infection. Data wasanalysed using SPSS 21.Result: Of the 3,008 nurses, 341(11.33%) were randomly enrolled; 170(49.9%) males and 171(50.1%) females. Therewere 140(41.1%) subjects aged 20–30 years, while 16(4.7%) were aged Greater than or Equal to 50 years. The mean knowledge score was 22.22±2.79 (range: 18-35 years), indicating better knowledge. The mean attitude score was 19.23±2.74 (range: 11-26), indicating positive attitude. The mean practice score was 13.04±1.84 (range: 8-17) indicating good practices.Conclusion: The knowledge level related to hepatitis B virus among the nursing staff was good. Overall improvementrelated to knowledge, attitude and practice among the nursing staff was needed.Keywords: Hepatitis, Virus, Health, Studies, Nurses, Surveys.","PeriodicalId":16673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pakistan Medical Association","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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