Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献_第9页

In Memoriam: Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk 悼念：瓦列里-谢苗诺维奇-波诺马尔丘克

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202356364

Наталя Храменко

It is with deep regret that we share sad news of the passing of Professor Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk, Head of the Functional Diagnostics Department at the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, Dr Sc (Med) and Merited Doctor of Ukraine, who died on 12 September 2023. Valerii Semenovych was born on June 2, 1948, in Mykolaiv region, Ukraine. After completing his secondary school education, he went on to Odesa Medical School in 1964 which he graduated with Honors to become a medical assistant. After graduating with Honors in General Medicine at the Pirogov Odesa Medical Institute, he began his career as a junior researcher at the Functional Diagnostics Laboratory, the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy, in 1974. Valerii Semenovych was promoted to senior researcher and head of the Functional Diagnostics Department in 1987, and remained at the head of the department until his death. His first significant academic achievement was defending his Cand Sc (Med) thesis, Loss of Intraocular Pressure Control Secondary to Effects Exerted on Limbic System Structures, in 1981. He defended his doctoral (Dr Sc (Med)) dissertation, Early Functional Changes in the Visual System and the Pathological Mechanisms of These Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction, in 1995, and was awarded the title of professor in 1998. Professor Ponomarchuk was academic secretary for the Dissertation Defense Council specializing in ophthalmology, from 1996 to 2006; expert of the State Dissertation Defense Board in clinical medicine, from 2006 to 2012; and expert of the State Commission for Academic Degrees and Titles at the Ministry of Education, Science, Youth and Sport of Ukraine in clinical medicine (surgical disorders), from 2012 to 2014. In 2002, he was elected a Vice-President of the Ukrainian Ophthalmological Society. His research and practical activities were focused on the physiology of vision, early functional diagnosis of disorders of the eye and visual system, and efficacy of treating various eye diseases with low-intensity physical stimuli (e.g., electric stimulation, photic stimulation and muscle stimulation). Professor Ponomarchuk also conducted studies on the effects of autonomic nervous system dysfunction on the eye, and the results of these studies laid down the foundation for a new area of ophthalmology, vegetoophthalmology. He developed various sets of techniques (electrophysiology techniques; studies of the central and peripheral fields of vision, cerebral and ocular circulation, and light sensitivity) for pre-clinical diagnosis of visual system disorders and comprehensive color vision evaluation. These techniques are successfully used at the Filatov institute and many eye centers of Ukraine. Professor Ponomarchuk was an active inventor. In 1988, he began his collaboration with engineers of “Shtorm” Research Institute to develop a number of diagnostic and treatment devices (ophthalmological electric and photic stimulators

我们深感遗憾地告诉大家，菲拉托夫眼病和组织治疗研究所功能诊断部主任Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk教授、医学博士和乌克兰荣誉博士于2023年9月12日逝世。1948年6月2日，瓦莱里·谢苗诺维奇出生于乌克兰尼古拉耶夫地区。在完成中学教育后，他于1964年进入敖德萨医学院，并以优异的成绩毕业，成为一名医疗助理。在Pirogov Odesa医学研究所以普通医学荣誉毕业后，他于1974年在Filatov眼科疾病和组织治疗研究所功能诊断实验室担任初级研究员，开始了他的职业生涯。1987年，Valerii Semenovych被提升为功能诊断部门的高级研究员和负责人，并一直担任该部门的负责人，直到他去世。他的第一个重要学术成就是在1981年为他的医学硕士论文《因边缘系统结构的影响而继发的眼压控制丧失》进行辩护。1995年获博士学位论文《视觉系统的早期功能变化和自主神经系统功能障碍的病理机制》答辩，1998年获教授称号。1996年至2006年，Ponomarchuk教授担任眼科专业论文答辩委员会的学术秘书;2006 - 2012年国家临床医学学位论文答辩委员会专家;2012年至2014年，乌克兰教育、科学、青年和体育部临床医学(外科疾病)国家学位和职称委员会专家。2002年，他当选为乌克兰眼科学会副会长。他的研究和实践活动主要集中在视觉生理学，眼睛和视觉系统疾病的早期功能诊断，以及低强度物理刺激(如电刺激、光刺激和肌肉刺激)治疗各种眼病的疗效。Ponomarchuk教授还进行了自主神经系统功能障碍对眼睛的影响的研究，这些研究的结果为眼科的一个新领域——植物眼科学奠定了基础。他开发了各种技术(电生理技术;中枢和外周视野、脑和眼循环以及光敏感性的研究，用于视觉系统疾病的临床前诊断和综合色觉评估。这些技术在菲拉托夫研究所和乌克兰的许多眼科中心得到了成功的应用。波诺马丘克教授是一位活跃的发明家。1988年，他开始与“shstorm”研究所的工程师合作，开发了许多诊断和治疗设备(眼科电光刺激器“Fosfen”)，这些设备已被引入临床实践，目前在乌克兰和国外的250多个地点使用。Valerii Semenovych在70年代中期提出了基于光幻视效应的主要视觉通路电诊断的想法，从那时起，他一直在发展并将其付诸实践。当时，功能诊断实验室的电生理组使用了一台10年前的诊断电脉冲刺激器ELS-01。该装置的外观和方法论价值逐年恶化。此外，以实验室为基础的眼科进修课程的参与者同意该方法是适当的，但对该设备在市场上不可用感到不满。为了解决他们的担忧，Valerii Semenovych提出了至少开发几种诊断电子模拟器的想法。为该设备制定了技术设计任务，“风暴”研究所的设计工程师Volodymyr Andriiovych Ivanov在此任务的基础上设计了该设备。1988年，一种诊断电脉冲刺激器被开发出来，并被命名为“Fosfen”(Phosphene)，以表示在设备操作中使用的现象，即脉冲电流对眼睛产生的光的感觉。该设备已成功应用于数万名各种眼科和中枢神经系统疾病患者在各种专业活动条件下的诊断评估。测定视神经萎缩、视网膜疾病、眼外伤和烧伤、弱视、屈光和调节异常、全身性和区域性植物功能障碍等患者视系统的电敏感性和视磷消失的临界频率。在随后的30年里，该设备改进了新的功能和参数，提供了新的诊断能力。我们深感遗憾地告诉大家，菲拉托夫眼病和组织治疗研究所功能诊断部主任Valerii Semenovych Ponomarchuk教授、医学博士和乌克兰荣誉博士于2023年9月12日逝世。1948年6月2日，瓦莱里·谢苗诺维奇出生于乌克兰尼古拉耶夫地区。在完成中学教育后，他于1964年进入敖德萨医学院，并以优异的成绩毕业，成为一名医疗助理。在Pirogov Odesa医学研究所以普通医学荣誉毕业后，他于1974年在Filatov眼科疾病和组织治疗研究所功能诊断实验室担任初级研究员，开始了他的职业生涯。1987年，Valerii Semenovych被提升为功能诊断部门的高级研究员和负责人，并一直担任该部门的负责人，直到他去世。他的第一个重要学术成就是在1981年为他的医学硕士论文《因边缘系统结构的影响而继发的眼压控制丧失》进行辩护。1995年获博士学位论文《视觉系统的早期功能变化和自主神经系统功能障碍的病理机制》答辩，1998年获教授称号。1996年至2006年，Ponomarchuk教授担任眼科专业论文答辩委员会的学术秘书;2006 - 2012年国家临床医学学位论文答辩委员会专家;2012年至2014年，乌克兰教育、科学、青年和体育部临床医学(外科疾病)国家学位和职称委员会专家。2002年，他当选为乌克兰眼科学会副会长。他的研究和实践活动主要集中在视觉生理学，眼睛和视觉系统疾病的早期功能诊断，以及低强度物理刺激(如电刺激、光刺激和肌肉刺激)治疗各种眼病的疗效。Ponomarchuk教授还进行了自主神经系统功能障碍对眼睛的影响的研究，这些研究的结果为眼科的一个新领域——植物眼科学奠定了基础。他开发了各种技术(电生理技术;中枢和外周视野、脑和眼循环以及光敏感性的研究，用于视觉系统疾病的临床前诊断和综合色觉评估。这些技术在菲拉托夫研究所和乌克兰的许多眼科中心得到了成功的应用。波诺马丘克教授是一位活跃的发明家。1988年，他开始与“shstorm”研究所的工程师合作，开发了许多诊断和治疗设备(眼科电光刺激器“Fosfen”)，这些设备已被引入临床实践，目前在乌克兰和国外的250多个地点使用。Valerii Semenovych在70年代中期提出了基于光幻视效应的主要视觉通路电诊断的想法，从那时起，他一直在发展并将其付诸实践。当时，功能诊断实验室的电生理组使用了一台10年前的诊断电脉冲刺激器ELS-01。该装置的外观和方法论价值逐年恶化。此外，以实验室为基础的眼科进修课程的参与者同意该方法是适当的，但对该设备在市场上不可用感到不满。为了解决他们的担忧，Valerii Semenovych提出了至少开发几种诊断电子模拟器的想法。为该设备制定了技术设计任务，“风暴”研究所的设计工程师Volodymyr Andriiovych Ivanov在此任务的基础上设计了该设备。1988年，一种诊断电脉冲刺激器被开发出来，并被命名为“Fosfen”(Phosphene)，以表示在设备操作中使用的现象，即脉冲电流对眼睛产生的光的感觉。该设备已成功应用于数万名各种眼科和中枢神经系统疾病患者在各种专业活动条件下的诊断评估。测定视神经萎缩、视网膜疾病、眼外伤和烧伤、弱视、屈光和调节异常、全身性和区域性植物功能障碍等患者视系统的电敏感性和视磷消失的临界频率。在随后的30年里，该设备改进了新的功能和参数，提供了新的诊断能力。各种类型的“Fosfen”电子模拟器不仅用于诊断，而且还用于治疗一些视觉系统障碍。自1995年以来，这些眼科刺激器曾两次在基辅举行的乌克兰经济成就展上展出，并获得银奖。Valerii Semenovych和他的同事在研究一种新的诊断方法(“phosphene diagnostics”)和治疗方法(“phosphene

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引用次数: 0

Femtosecond laser LenSx–assisted phacoemulsification of mature intumescent cataract 飞秒激光lensx辅助成熟膨胀性白内障超声乳化术

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202351115

Сергій Дмитрієв, Яков Гриценко

Background: Phacoemulsification (phaco) of mature intumescent cataract is one of the most difficult to perform anterior eye surgeries. In mature intumescent cataract phaco, the most difficult phase is performing a continuous capsulorhexis which should be as round as possible. The incidence of an anterior capsular tear during capsulorhexis has been reported to range from 0.8 to 5.0% and increases with an increase in cataract density. This is because in dense intumescent cataracts, capsulorhexis tends to extend to the periphery due to high intracapsular pressure. Femtosecond laser–assisted phaco of mature intumescent cataract enables a safe laser-assisted capsulotomy with a substantially reduced risk of intraoperative complications. Because this approach is as yet not widely used in ophthalmology, we aimed to share our experience in the use of femtosecond laser in phacoemulsification of mature and intumescent cataracts. Purpose: To assess the efficacy of femtosecond laser–assisted treatment of mature intumescent cataract. Methods: Sixty-five patients (68 eyes) with mature intumescent senile cataract underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and were involved in this study. Results: In 55 eyes (80.8%), laser capsulotomy of the desired diameter (5.0 mm) was performed completely. In 8 eyes (11.7%), capsular bridges (capsular tissue remnants at the site of laser-assisted cut of the anterior capsule) were seen. In addition, after the laser phase of surgery, 3 eyes (4.4%) showed an irregularly shaped anterior capsular disc due to the failure of the laser to cut through the capsule in several regions. In all study eyes, the IOL was well centered in the bag. Conclusion: In eyes with mature intumescent cataract, it is reasonable to use the femtosecond laser for a safe and accurate anterior capsulorhexis to avoid the severe intraoperative complications (those associated with posterior capsular rapture and vitreous prolapse) that can be seen during manual capsulorhexis.

背景:成熟膨胀性白内障的超声乳化术是最困难的前眼手术之一。在成熟的扩张性白内障晶状体中，最困难的阶段是进行连续的撕囊术，撕囊术应尽可能圆。据报道，在撕囊术中前囊撕裂的发生率为0.8 - 5.0%，并随着白内障密度的增加而增加。这是因为在致密性膨胀性白内障中，由于囊内高压，撕囊倾向于向外周延伸。飞秒激光辅助成熟膨胀性白内障的白内障切除术是一种安全的激光辅助白内障囊切开术，术中并发症的风险大大降低。由于这种方法尚未在眼科中广泛应用，我们的目的是分享我们在成熟和膨大性白内障的超声乳化术中使用飞秒激光的经验。目的:评价飞秒激光辅助治疗成熟型膨胀性白内障的疗效。方法:对65例(68眼)成熟型膨胀性老年性白内障行飞秒激光辅助白内障手术(FLACS)联合人工晶状体植入术。结果:55只眼(80.8%)完全完成了所需直径(5.0 mm)的激光包膜切开术。8只眼(11.7%)出现囊桥(激光辅助切割前囊部位的囊组织残余)。此外，在激光手术阶段后，3只眼(4.4%)由于激光未能在多个区域切开前囊而出现形状不规则的前囊盘。在所有的研究眼中，人工晶状体在袋内的中心位置良好。结论:对于成熟的膨出性白内障，采用飞秒激光安全、准确地进行前囊撕脱术是合理的，可避免人工撕脱术中出现的严重并发症(后囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱垂)。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing serum cytokine and immunoglobulin levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis before and after treatment supplemented with macromycetes 评估变应性鼻炎和变应性鼻结膜炎患者在治疗前后的血清细胞因子和免疫球蛋白水平

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202352226

Віктор Богданов, Сергій Пухлік, Марія Макарова, Світлана Полякова, Кирило Богданов

Background: In recent decades, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been increasing all over the world including Ukraine. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) is one of the most common clinical forms of AR. An imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is known to have a key role in allergic inflammation. Purpose: To compare cytokine and immunoglobulin levels among patients with AR and ARC treated with different therapeutic options. Material and Methods: Forty patients with AR and ARC (age range, 20 to 46 years) were included in the study. Disease duration ranged from 6 months to 2 years. Patients were divided into two subgroups of 20 patients each. Patients of subgroup 1 received the basic therapy (a 10-mg loratadin tablet daily and mometasone furoate nasal spray at a dosage of 200 μg once daily), whereas patients of subgroup 2, the basic therapy plus polypore macromycetes (Astmagan), one capsule twice daily. Treatment course duration was 90 days. The control group was composed of 25 healthy individuals. A comprehensive clinical immunological examination was conducted at baseline and on the completion of the treatment course. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to determine serum levels of immunoglobulins A (IgA), IgM, IgG, and IgE, and cytokines (gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and IL4). Results: At baseline, serum levels of IgA, IgM and IgE were almost twice as high (р = 0.0008; 0.0005; and 0.0001, respectively); IgG, 1.2 times higher (р = 0.001); pro-inflammatory cytokine IL4, 3.5 times higher (р = 0.0001); and anti-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ, 2.4 times lower (р = 0.0001) in patients with AR and ARC compared to controls, and these differences were significant. Astmagan, when used as an adjunct to the basic treatment of AR and ARC, contributed to 8%, 17%, 16.2%, 7.3% and 6.0% greater decreases in the serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgE, IgG and IL4, respectively, and a 16.6% greater increase in the serum level of IFN-γ compared to the basic treatment only, and these differences were significant, with an improvement in immune response to therapy.

背景:近几十年来，变应性鼻炎(AR)的患病率在包括乌克兰在内的世界范围内呈上升趋势。变应性鼻结膜炎(ARC)是临床上最常见的变应性鼻结膜炎之一。促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子之间的失衡是变应性炎症的关键因素。目的:比较不同治疗方案治疗的AR和ARC患者的细胞因子和免疫球蛋白水平。材料和方法:40例AR和ARC患者(年龄20 ~ 46岁)纳入研究。病程从6个月到2年不等。患者分为两个亚组，每组20例。亚组患者给予基础治疗(氯雷他定片10mg / d，糠酸莫米松鼻喷雾剂200 μg / d, 1次/ d)，亚组患者给予基础治疗加多孔大菌(Astmagan) 1粒/ d, 2次/ d。疗程90 d。对照组由25名健康个体组成。在基线和疗程结束时进行了全面的临床免疫学检查。采用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒检测血清免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、IgM、IgG和IgE以及细胞因子(γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和il - 4)水平。结果:基线时，血清IgA、IgM和IgE水平几乎是基线时的两倍(χ = 0.0008;0.0005;和0.0001);IgG升高1.2倍(p < 0.001);促炎细胞因子IL4升高3.5倍(χ = 0.0001);和抗炎细胞因子IFN-γ，在AR和ARC患者中比对照组低2.4倍(r = 0.0001)，这些差异是显著的。与单纯基础治疗相比，Astmagan作为AR和ARC基础治疗的辅助治疗时，血清IgA、IgM、IgE、IgG和IL4水平分别下降8%、17%、16.2%、7.3%和6.0%，血清IFN-γ水平增加16.6%，这些差异是显著的，并改善了免疫应答。

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引用次数: 0

Disorders of aqueous humor flow in the posterior part of the eye in the mechanisms of optic nerve damage development (literature review) 眼后部房水流动紊乱在视神经损伤发展机制中的作用(文献综述)

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202354652

Н. М. Мойсеєнко

The study based on the literature search revealed that the peculiarities of fluid circulation in the posterior part of the eye have been studied insufficiently compared to the anterior part. It is suggested that the retina and optic nerve have their own cleansing system, which functions independently or in interaction with the brain's cleansing system. Of interest is the theory of the glymphatic system of the eye, which probably functions similarly to the glymphatic system of the brain, has four segments and ensures the exchange between intraocular, intracranial and interstitial fluids and the removal of metabolic waste products in the posterior part of the eye. Purpose. To determine the disorders of fluid circulation in the posterior part of the eye in the mechanisms of optic nerve damage development according to the literature. Methods: literature search of 48 sources. It is important to understand that the optic nerve under normal conditions passes a large amount of fluid from the eye to the brain and vice versa. The balance of perfusion (and, presumably, reperfusion in case of pathology) is ensured by the lamina cribrosa, the location of subarachnoid spaces in different parts of the nerve, and the AQP4 channels that support them. The question is whether the optic nerve has its own separate glymphatic system, or whether it interacts with the glymphatic system of the brain. It also remains unclear how the circulation of intraocular fluid, interstitial fluid of the retina and brain, and cerebrospinal fluid in the optic nerve is coordinated with blood, as well as with fluctuations in atmospheric pressure. Although this theory has not yet been recognized, it nevertheless has many supporters who explain optic nerve damage as a result of fluid circulation disturbances. The slowing of fluid flow, as well as the slowing of axonal transport, can be considered as the moment when neuropathy transforms into optic atrophy. That is why the study of the peculiarities of fluid flow and exchange in the posterior part of the eye is important when studying diseases of the optic nerve, whereas the correction of such circulation disorders could be used for therapeutic purposes. Conclusion. Impaired fluid circulation in the posterior part of the eye can occur in mechanisms of optic nerve damage. Improved diagnostics with the ability to assess hydrodynamics will help to understand the role of individual components, while their correction will likely contribute to the optic nerve recovery.

本研究在文献检索的基础上发现，相对于眼球前部，对眼球后部液体循环的特殊性研究不足。这表明视网膜和视神经有自己的清洁系统，它们独立或与大脑的清洁系统相互作用。有趣的是关于眼睛淋巴系统的理论，它的功能可能类似于大脑的淋巴系统，有四个部分，并确保眼内、颅内和间质液体之间的交换以及眼后部代谢废物的清除。目的。根据文献资料确定视神经损伤发展机制中眼后部液体循环障碍。方法:文献检索48篇文献。重要的是要明白，视神经在正常情况下将大量液体从眼睛输送到大脑，反之亦然。血流灌注的平衡(在病理情况下可能是再灌注)是由网层、神经不同部位蛛网膜下腔的位置以及支持它们的AQP4通道保证的。问题是视神经是否有自己独立的淋巴系统，或者它是否与大脑的淋巴系统相互作用。眼内液、视网膜和脑间质液以及视神经中的脑脊液的循环如何与血液以及与大气压波动协调仍不清楚。尽管这一理论尚未得到认可，但仍有许多支持者将视神经损伤解释为液体循环紊乱的结果。液体流动的减慢，以及轴突运输的减慢，可以认为是神经病变转变为视神经萎缩的时刻。这就是为什么在研究视神经疾病时，研究眼睛后部液体流动和交换的特性是很重要的，而纠正这种循环障碍可以用于治疗目的。结论。眼后部液体循环受损可发生在视神经损伤机制中。通过评估流体力学，提高诊断能力将有助于了解单个组件的作用，而它们的纠正可能有助于视神经的恢复。

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引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial effects of hydrogel implants incorporating gold nanopartucles and albucide and developed for reconstructive surgery in the orbit and periorbital area 含金纳米颗粒和硬晶石的水凝胶植入物的抗菌效果，并开发用于眼眶和眶周区域重建手术

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202353440

Сергій Зябліцев, Вадим Водяник

Background: It is important to develop orbital hydrogel implants capable of depositing drugs (particularly, antimicrobial and anticancer drugs). Purpose: To assess antimicrobial effects of hybrid hydrogel implants containing gold nanoparticles and albucide and developed for reconstructive surgery in the orbit and periorbital area. Material and Methods: A 30% aqueous solution of albucide was used in the study. Antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrogels was determined using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonasa eruginosa ATCC 27853 strains. Results: All the synthesized samples of orbital hydrogel implants were sterile. The synthesized hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites with incorporated Au nanoparticles demonstrated bacteriostatic effects against E. Coli ATCC 25922, E. Faecalis ATCC 29213, and S. Aureus ATCC 25923 strains, and bactericidal effects against P. Aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strain. This study also demonstrated marked bactericidal effects of hybrid hydrogel implants incorporating both Au nanoparticles and albucide. Conclusion: Orbital hydrogel implants were found to be sterile after being sealed into polypropylene bags and steam sterilized at 121 °C for 20 minutes. Our findings of bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of the synthesized hydrogels and hydrogel nanocomposites containing Au nanoparticles and albucide against bacterial strains of interest will allow for the absence of, or low probability of bacterial contamination in applications of these hydrogels in implants.

背景:开发能够存放药物(特别是抗菌药物和抗癌药物)的眼眶水凝胶植入物是非常重要的。目的:评价含金纳米颗粒和白晶硅的混合水凝胶种植体用于眼眶和眶周重建手术的抗菌效果。材料与方法:采用30%乙醇水溶液。以大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、粪肠球菌ATCC 29213、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923和铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 27853菌株对合成的水凝胶进行抑菌活性测定。结果:合成的眼窝水凝胶植入物均无菌。所合成的水凝胶及其纳米复合材料对大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、粪肠杆菌ATCC 29213和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923具有抑菌作用，对铜绿假单胞菌ATCC 27853具有杀菌作用。本研究还证明了含有金纳米颗粒和白刚玉的杂化水凝胶植入物具有显著的杀菌效果。结论:将眼窝水凝胶植入物密封于聚丙烯袋中，121℃蒸汽灭菌20分钟后，眼窝水凝胶植入物无菌。我们的研究结果表明，合成的水凝胶和含有金纳米颗粒和铝酸盐的水凝胶纳米复合材料对感兴趣的细菌菌株具有抑菌和杀菌作用，这将允许这些水凝胶在植入物中的应用中没有细菌污染或低细菌污染的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

A Cross-Sectional Study of Myopia and Morning Melatonin Status in Northern Irish Adolescent Children. 北爱尔兰青少年近视和早晨褪黑激素状况的横断面研究。

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7961623

Jane M Fulton, Sarah C Flanagan, Julie J Sittlington, Diego Cobice, Sara Dobbin, Sara J McCullough, Gareth Orr, Patrick Richardson, Kathryn J Saunders

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between melatonin status and both refractive error and axial length in young adult myopes. This study aimed to determine if this relationship extends to a younger adolescent cohort.

Methods: Healthy children aged 12-15 years provided morning saliva samples before attending Ulster University (55°N) for cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length measures. Participants completed questionnaires describing recent sleep habits and physical activity. Salivary melatonin was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Data collection for all participants occurred over a 1-week period (April 2021).

Results: Seventy participants aged 14.3 (95% CI: 14.2-14.5) years were categorised by spherical equivalent refraction [SER] (range: -5.38DS to +1.88DS) into two groups; myopic SER ≤ -0.50DS (n = 22) or nonmyopic -0.50DS < SER ≤ +2.00DS (n = 48). Median morning salivary melatonin levels were 4.52 pg/ml (95% CI: 2.60-6.02) and 4.89 pg/ml (95% CI: 3.18-5.66) for myopic and nonmyopic subjects, respectively, and did not differ significantly between refractive groups (P = 0.91). Melatonin levels were not significantly correlated with SER, axial length, sleep, or activity scores (Spearman's rank, all P > 0.39). Higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher sleep quality (Spearman's rank, ρ = -0.28, P = 0.02).

Conclusion: The present study found no significant relationship between morning salivary melatonin levels and refractive error or axial length in young adolescents. This contrasts with outcomes from a previous study of adults with comparable methodology, season of data collection, and geographical location. Prospective studies are needed to understand the discrepancies between adult and childhood findings and evaluate whether melatonin levels in childhood are indicative of an increased risk for future onset of myopia and/or faster axial growth trajectories and myopia progression in established myopes. Future work should opt for a comprehensive dim-light melatonin onset protocol to determine circadian phase.

目的：先前的研究表明，年轻成人近视患者的褪黑激素状态与屈光不正和轴长之间存在关联。这项研究旨在确定这种关系是否延伸到更年轻的青少年群体。方法：12-15岁的健康儿童 years在就读阿尔斯特大学（55°N）之前提供了早上的唾液样本，用于自行屈肌麻痹和轴向长度测量。参与者完成了描述近期睡眠习惯和体育活动的问卷调查。唾液褪黑激素采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行定量。所有参与者的数据收集时间为1周（2021年4月）。结果：70名年龄为14.3（95%CI:14.2-14.5）岁的参与者根据球面等效折射率[SER]（范围：-5.38DS至+1.88DS）分为两组；近视SER ≤ -0.50DS（n = 22）或非瞳孔-0.50DS n = 48）。早晨唾液褪黑激素水平中位数为4.52 pg/ml（95%可信区间：2.60-6.02）和4.89 pg/ml（95%可信区间：3.18-5.66），屈光组间差异无统计学意义（P = 褪黑激素水平与SER、轴长、睡眠或活动评分无显著相关性（Spearman等级，均P > 0.39）。较高的体力活动水平与较高的睡眠质量有关（Spearman秩，ρ = -0.28，P = 0.02）。结论：本研究发现青少年晨间唾液褪黑素水平与屈光不正或轴长之间没有显著关系。这与之前一项针对成年人的研究结果形成了对比，该研究采用了可比的方法、数据收集季节和地理位置。需要进行前瞻性研究，以了解成人和儿童研究结果之间的差异，并评估儿童时期的褪黑素水平是否预示着近视患者未来发病风险的增加和/或更快的轴向生长轨迹和近视进展。未来的工作应该选择一个全面的微光褪黑激素发作方案来确定昼夜节律。

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of Myopia and Morning Melatonin Status in Northern Irish Adolescent Children.","authors":"Jane M Fulton, Sarah C Flanagan, Julie J Sittlington, Diego Cobice, Sara Dobbin, Sara J McCullough, Gareth Orr, Patrick Richardson, Kathryn J Saunders","doi":"10.1155/2023/7961623","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/7961623","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between melatonin status and both refractive error and axial length in young adult myopes. This study aimed to determine if this relationship extends to a younger adolescent cohort.Methods: Healthy children aged 12-15 years provided morning saliva samples before attending Ulster University (55°N) for cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length measures. Participants completed questionnaires describing recent sleep habits and physical activity. Salivary melatonin was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Data collection for all participants occurred over a 1-week period (April 2021).Results: Seventy participants aged 14.3 (95% CI: 14.2-14.5) years were categorised by spherical equivalent refraction [SER] (range: -5.38DS to +1.88DS) into two groups; myopic SER ≤ -0.50DS (n = 22) or nonmyopic -0.50DS < SER ≤ +2.00DS (n = 48). Median morning salivary melatonin levels were 4.52 pg/ml (95% CI: 2.60-6.02) and 4.89 pg/ml (95% CI: 3.18-5.66) for myopic and nonmyopic subjects, respectively, and did not differ significantly between refractive groups (P = 0.91). Melatonin levels were not significantly correlated with SER, axial length, sleep, or activity scores (Spearman's rank, all P > 0.39). Higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher sleep quality (Spearman's rank, ρ = -0.28, P = 0.02).Conclusion: The present study found no significant relationship between morning salivary melatonin levels and refractive error or axial length in young adolescents. This contrasts with outcomes from a previous study of adults with comparable methodology, season of data collection, and geographical location. Prospective studies are needed to understand the discrepancies between adult and childhood findings and evaluate whether melatonin levels in childhood are indicative of an increased risk for future onset of myopia and/or faster axial growth trajectories and myopia progression in established myopes. Future work should opt for a comprehensive dim-light melatonin onset protocol to determine circadian phase.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10632006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72014582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuro-opthalmological aspect of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report Tolosa-Hunt综合征的神经眼科方面:1例报告

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202355355

Віра Васюта, О. П. Вітовська, Т. А. Йовенко, С. А. Вербовська, Л.О. Дунаєвська

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome is an idiopathic granulomatous inflammatory disease of the cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure, or orbit which is manifested by ocular pain and ophthalmoplegia. Granulomatous inflammation of the dural wall of the cavernous sinus and/or superior orbital fissure is the basis of the pathological process. The disease is clinically manifested by orbital pain, diplopia, exophthalmos, and/or oculomotor abnormalities. The syndrome is also called painful ophthalmoplegia with a key symptom being neuropathic periorbital or retro-orbital pain, and paresthesias along the first branch of the trigeminal nerve. We present a case of this syndrome. The patient was administered hormonal therapy, Medrol at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg body weight/day intravenously for five days, with subsequent transition within a month to oral Medrol. The pain in the eye completely relieved and restoration of normal ocular motility was observed in the presence of hormonal therapy. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a clinical diagnosis of exclusion (i.e., it is diagnosed after excluding other causes of painful ophthalmoplegia).

Tolosa-Hunt综合征是一种特发性肉芽肿性炎症性疾病，发生于海绵状窦、眶上裂或眶内，表现为眼痛和眼麻痹。海绵窦硬膜壁和/或眶上裂的肉芽肿性炎症是病理过程的基础。临床表现为眼窝疼痛、复视、眼球突出和/或动眼力异常。该综合征又称疼痛性眼麻痹，主要症状为神经性眶周或眶后疼痛，三叉神经第一支感觉异常。我们报告一例这种综合征。患者给予激素治疗，每日剂量为1mg /kg体重/天，静脉注射，持续5天，随后在一个月内转为口服。在激素治疗下，眼睛疼痛完全缓解，眼球运动恢复正常。Tolosa-Hunt综合征是一种排除性的临床诊断(即在排除了疼痛性眼麻痹的其他原因后诊断)。

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引用次数: 0

Preoperative visual function characteristics having an effect on the success of exotropia surgery 术前视功能特征对外斜视手术成功的影响

4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.31288/oftalmolzh202351621

Ірина Бойчук, Алуі Тарак

Background: There are individual reports on the effect of some preoperative characteristics of visual functions (like convergence, angle of deviation, presence of fusion and type of binocular vision) on the success of exotropia surgery. To date, however, it has not been established what are the major diagnosis-related prognostic factors for the success of surgery for exotropia. Purpose: To identify the preoperative characteristics of visual functions which have an effect on the success of surgery for exotropia. Material and Methods: Of the 59 exotropes (age range, 10 to 21 years) included in this study, 33 had basic constant exotropia (group 1) and 26, intermittent exotropia (group 2). Patients underwent an ophthalmological and ortoptic examination of the motor and sensory systems of the eye. Patients with surgery success (postoperative orthotropes) were compared to those who had a residual exotropia of more than 10 prism diopters (PD) postoperatively in terms of the preoperative accommodative convergence–accommodation (AC/A) ratio, near point of convergence (NPC), distance stereopsis and near stereoacuity threshold. Results: Our analysis of the preoperative NPC, AC/A ratio and stereopsis for the group with postoperative orthotropic alignment and the group with postoperative exotropic alignment found preoperative close to normal values of AC/A ratio (4.0 ± 1.65 PD/D), NPC (8.03 ± 3.02 cm), the presence of distance stereopsis and near stereopsis (passing the 200 second of arc image on the Lang II stereo card) and the absence of medial rectus hypofunction of hyperfunction in 83.05% of patients of the former group. Conclusion: Preoperative close to normal values of AC/A ratio (4.0 ± 1.65 PD/D), NPC (8.03 ± 3.02 cm), the presence of distance stereopsis and near stereopsis (passing the 200 second of arc image on the Lang II stereo card) and the absence of medial rectus hypofunction of hyperfunction can be the factors favoring the success of exotropia surgery.

背景:一些术前视功能特征(如会聚、偏角、有无融合和双眼视觉类型)对外斜视手术成功的影响有个别报道。然而，迄今为止，还没有确定外斜视手术成功的主要诊断相关预后因素是什么。目的:探讨影响外斜视手术成功的术前视功能特点。材料和方法:在本研究纳入的59例外斜视患者(年龄范围10 - 21岁)中，33例为基本恒定外斜视(1组)，26例为间歇性外斜视(2组)。患者接受了眼部运动和感觉系统的眼科和矫正检查。将手术成功的患者(术后正位斜视)与术后残余外斜视超过10棱镜屈光度(PD)的患者在术前调节会聚-调节(AC/ a)比、近会聚点(NPC)、距离立体视和近立体视阈值方面进行比较。结果:我们分析了术后各向异性对齐组和术后外向性对齐组术前鼻部、AC/A比和立体视，发现术前AC/A比(4.0±1.65 PD/D)接近正常值，鼻部(8.03±3.02 cm)接近正常值，存在距离立体视和近立体视(在Lang II立体卡上通过200秒弧线图像)，83.05%的患者未出现内直肌功能减退或功能过度。结论:术前AC/A比值(4.0±1.65 PD/D)接近正常值，NPC(8.03±3.02 cm)，有无远距离立体视和近距离立体视(Lang II立体显像通过200秒弧线)，无内直肌功能减退或功能过度是外斜视手术成功的因素。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Fundus Function in Mature Cataract Patients by Visual Electrophysiology. 视觉电生理对成熟白内障患者眼底功能的评价。

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-10-31 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9065094

Min Zhang, Min Ji, Mengjia Tan, Ying Yu, Huaijin Guan

Purpose: To explore the value of visual electrophysiology in evaluating the fundus function of mature cataract patients.

Methods: 124 mature cataract patients (153 eyes) were examined before cataract surgery; the examinations included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP), full-field electroretinogram (ffERG), and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). According to the postoperative fundus conditions, the subjects were divided into two groups: the no fundus disease group and the fundus disease group. Approximately one month after the operation, BCVA was measured, and visual electrophysiology was performed on subjects who had a stable fundus condition and had not received treatment for fundus disease.

Results: One month after cataract surgery, BCVA ≤ 0.3 logMAR was found in 60 eyes (96.8%) without fundus disease and 59 eyes (64.8%) with fundus disease. Compared with the group without fundus disease, the preoperative electrophysiological examination of the group with fundus disease showed that the amplitude of ffERG waves and the amplitude density of the P1 wave in the 2nd to 5th rings of mfERG were decreased (all P < 0.05). ffERG and mfERG can be used for differential diagnosis of fundus disease (all P < 0.05), while PVEP has no significant diagnostic value for fundus disease (all P > 0.05). In the group without fundus disease, the amplitude of the PVEP 15' P100 wave and the amplitude of dark-adapted (DA) 0.01 b-wave, DA 3.0 a-wave, and DA 10.0 a-wave were negatively correlated with postoperative logMAR BCVA (all P < 0.05). In the group with fundus disease, the amplitude of PVEP and ffERG and the amplitude density of mfERG were negatively correlated with postoperative logMAR BCVA (all P < 0.05). In the eyes of cortical cataracts, some parameters of PVEP, ffERG, and mfERG were significantly different before and after surgery. In the eyes of nuclear cataracts, some parameters of ffERG and mfERG were significantly different before and after surgery. In the eyes of posterior subcapsular cataracts, some parameters of PVEP and ffERG were significantly different before and after surgery.

Conclusions: ffERG and mfERG can be used to detect fundus disease in mature cataract patients. The preoperative visual electrophysiological examination has high clinical value in predicting postoperative vision of mature cataract patients with fundus disease. Different types of cataracts have different effects on electrophysiological examination results. When interpreting the electrophysiological report, it is necessary to consider the existence of cataracts. This trial is registered with 2019-K068.

目的：探讨视觉电生理在评价成熟白内障患者眼底功能中的价值。方法：对124例（153眼）成熟期白内障患者进行白内障术前检查；检查包括最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、模式视觉诱发电位（PVEP）、全视野视网膜电图（ffERG）和多焦视网膜电图（mfERG）。根据术后眼底情况，将受试者分为两组：无眼底病组和眼底病组。术后约一个月，测量BCVA，并对眼底状况稳定且未接受眼底病治疗的受试者进行视觉电生理检查。结果：白内障手术后一个月，BCVA ≤ 在60眼（96.8%）无眼底病和59眼（64.8%）有眼底病的患者中发现0.3logMAR。与无眼底病组相比，有眼底病组术前电生理检查显示mfERG第2～5环的ffERG波幅和P1波幅密度均下降（P P P > 无眼底病变组PVEP 15’P100波振幅、暗适应（DA）0.01 b波、DA 3.0 a波、DA 10.0 a波振幅与术后logMAR BCVA呈负相关（均P P 结论：ffERG和mfERG可用于检测成熟白内障患者的眼底病变。术前视觉电生理检查对预测患有眼底病的成熟白内障患者术后视力具有较高的临床价值。不同类型的白内障对电生理检查结果的影响不同。在解释电生理报告时，有必要考虑白内障的存在。本次试验注册号为2019-K068。

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引用次数: 0

Glaucoma Characteristics and Influencing Factors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Huizhou Region. 新冠肺炎疫情期间惠州地区青光眼的特点及影响因素。

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Journal of Ophthalmology

Pub Date : 2023-10-26 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8889754

Huilan Zhou, Rui Liao, Dongxuan Zhang, Wei Wang, Shuifeng Deng

Objective: Glaucoma in individuals who tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the pandemic outbreak has not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of glaucoma during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou.

Methods: Retrospective data from outpatients with glaucoma at the Huizhou Hospital Affiliated with Guangzhou Medical University and Longmen County People's Hospital were collected during two periods: the COVID-19 pandemic period (Phase A: December 1, 2022, to January 19, 2023) and the prevention and control period (Phase B: December 1, 2021, to January 19, 2022). The demographic characteristics of the outpatients during both phases were compared. The characteristics of glaucoma in patients with COVID-19 during Phase A were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the development of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Phase A patients.

Results: The proportion of patients with glaucoma was significantly higher during Phase A than during Phase B at both hospitals. No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with glaucoma during Phases A and B for age, sex, and region. A high COVID-19-positive rate was associated with old age, females, AACG, newly diagnosed glaucoma, and binocular involvement during phase A. Females testing positive for COVID-19, glaucoma that started after testing positive for COVID-19, and a history of medication use were associated with a higher proportion of AACG in phase A. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified testing positive for COVID-19 as an independent potential risk factor for developing AACG.

Conclusion: In summary, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou, patients with COVID-19 were primarily affected by AACG, especially females, older individuals, and those with binocular involvement. Testing positive for COVID-19 increases the risk of developing AACG.

目的：尚未对大流行期间2019冠状病毒病（新冠肺炎）检测呈阳性的人的青光眼进行全面研究。因此方法：回顾性收集广州医科大学附属惠州医院和龙门县人民医院在新冠肺炎流行期间（A期：2022年12月1日至2023年1月19日）门诊青光眼患者资料防控期（B期：2021年12月1日至2022年1月19日）。比较两个阶段门诊患者的人口统计学特征。研究了新冠肺炎患者A期青光眼的特点。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定影响A期患者急性闭角型青光眼（AACG）发展的因素。结果：两所医院的青光眼患者在A期的比例均显著高于B期。A期和B期青光眼患者在年龄、性别和地区方面没有观察到统计学上的显著差异。高COVID-19阳性率与老年人、女性、AACG、新诊断的青光眼和A期双眼受累有关。COVID-19]检测呈阳性的女性、新冠肺炎检测呈阳性后开始的青光眼和药物使用史与A期AACG比例较高相关。多因素逻辑回归分析确定新冠肺炎检测呈阳性是发展AACG的一个独立的潜在风险因素。结论：总之，在惠州新冠肺炎大流行期间，新冠肺炎患者主要受AACG的影响，尤其是女性、老年人和双目受累患者。新冠肺炎检测呈阳性会增加患AACG的风险。

{"title":"Glaucoma Characteristics and Influencing Factors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Huizhou Region.","authors":"Huilan Zhou, Rui Liao, Dongxuan Zhang, Wei Wang, Shuifeng Deng","doi":"10.1155/2023/8889754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8889754","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Glaucoma in individuals who tested positive for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the pandemic outbreak has not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of glaucoma during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou.Methods: Retrospective data from outpatients with glaucoma at the Huizhou Hospital Affiliated with Guangzhou Medical University and Longmen County People's Hospital were collected during two periods: the COVID-19 pandemic period (Phase A: December 1, 2022, to January 19, 2023) and the prevention and control period (Phase B: December 1, 2021, to January 19, 2022). The demographic characteristics of the outpatients during both phases were compared. The characteristics of glaucoma in patients with COVID-19 during Phase A were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the development of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Phase A patients.Results: The proportion of patients with glaucoma was significantly higher during Phase A than during Phase B at both hospitals. No statistically significant differences were observed between patients with glaucoma during Phases A and B for age, sex, and region. A high COVID-19-positive rate was associated with old age, females, AACG, newly diagnosed glaucoma, and binocular involvement during phase A. Females testing positive for COVID-19, glaucoma that started after testing positive for COVID-19, and a history of medication use were associated with a higher proportion of AACG in phase A. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified testing positive for COVID-19 as an independent potential risk factor for developing AACG.Conclusion: In summary, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Huizhou, patients with COVID-19 were primarily affected by AACG, especially females, older individuals, and those with binocular involvement. Testing positive for COVID-19 increases the risk of developing AACG.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10622592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71482732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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