Márton Magyar, Nóra Szentmáry, László Ujváry, Gábor László Sándor, Frank Schirra, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, Gábor Tóth
Purpose. Our study aimed to evaluate the indications and outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) explantation surgeries in a tertiary eyecare center in Hungary. Materials and Methods. This retrospective study included all IOL explantation surgeries performed between 2006 and 2020 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. There were no exclusion criteria for this study. For each patient, the demographics, clinical history, preoperative status, indications for IOL explantation, and operative and postoperative details were reviewed. Primary outcomes included explantation indications and the type of secondary implanted IOL. Results. A total of 161 eyes from 153 patients were included (96 males; 62.7%); age at the time of the IOL explantation was 65.0 ± 17.4 years. The mean time between primary cataract surgery and IOL explantation was 8.5 ± 7.7 years. In total, 139 (86.3%) PCIOLs and 22 (13.7%) ACIOLs were explanted. The main indications for IOL explantation were dislocation (n = 133; 95.7%) and refractive cause (n = 2; 1.4%) in the PCIOL group. Among ACIOL explantations, the main reasons were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n = 14; 63.6%), dislocation (n = 4; 18.2%), and refractive cause (n = 2; 9.1%). In the PCIOL group, 115 (82.7%) primary IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag, 16 (11.5%) were sulcus fixated, and 8 (5.8%) were scleral fixated. The most frequent ocular comorbidities were previous vitrectomy (n = 50, 31.1%), previous ocular trauma (n = 45, 28.0%), glaucoma (n = 16, 9.9%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (n = 15, 9.3%), and high axial myopia (n = 14, 8.7%). The most commonly used secondary IOL implant was the prepupillary iris-claw IOL (n = 115, 73.7%), followed by the retropupillary iris-claw IOL (n = 32, 20.5%). Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was significantly better following IOL exchange in the entire sample (1.57 ± 0.61 (range: 2.40–0.05) vs. 0.77 ± 0.56 (range: 2.40–0.00); ).
{"title":"Indications and Outcomes of Intraocular Lens Explantation in a Tertiary Eyecare Center in Hungary between 2006 and 2020","authors":"Márton Magyar, Nóra Szentmáry, László Ujváry, Gábor László Sándor, Frank Schirra, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, Gábor Tóth","doi":"10.1155/2024/6653621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6653621","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Purpose</i>. Our study aimed to evaluate the indications and outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) explantation surgeries in a tertiary eyecare center in Hungary. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. This retrospective study included all IOL explantation surgeries performed between 2006 and 2020 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. There were no exclusion criteria for this study. For each patient, the demographics, clinical history, preoperative status, indications for IOL explantation, and operative and postoperative details were reviewed. Primary outcomes included explantation indications and the type of secondary implanted IOL. <i>Results</i>. A total of 161 eyes from 153 patients were included (96 males; 62.7%); age at the time of the IOL explantation was 65.0 ± 17.4 years. The mean time between primary cataract surgery and IOL explantation was 8.5 ± 7.7 years. In total, 139 (86.3%) PCIOLs and 22 (13.7%) ACIOLs were explanted. The main indications for IOL explantation were dislocation (<i>n</i> = 133; 95.7%) and refractive cause (<i>n</i> = 2; 1.4%) in the PCIOL group. Among ACIOL explantations, the main reasons were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (<i>n</i> = 14; 63.6%), dislocation (<i>n</i> = 4; 18.2%), and refractive cause (<i>n</i> = 2; 9.1%). In the PCIOL group, 115 (82.7%) primary IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag, 16 (11.5%) were sulcus fixated, and 8 (5.8%) were scleral fixated. The most frequent ocular comorbidities were previous vitrectomy (<i>n</i> = 50, 31.1%), previous ocular trauma (<i>n</i> = 45, 28.0%), glaucoma (<i>n</i> = 16, 9.9%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (<i>n</i> = 15, 9.3%), and high axial myopia (<i>n</i> = 14, 8.7%). The most commonly used secondary IOL implant was the prepupillary iris-claw IOL (<i>n</i> = 115, 73.7%), followed by the retropupillary iris-claw IOL (<i>n</i> = 32, 20.5%). Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was significantly better following IOL exchange in the entire sample (1.57 ± 0.61 (range: 2.40–0.05) vs. 0.77 ± 0.56 (range: 2.40–0.00); <span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782\" width=\"28.184pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)\"></path></g></svg>).</spa","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Yuan, Shuang Wu, Zongli Hu, Chunlin Chen, Shiyang Ye, Jian Ye
Purpose. The reference range for the preoperative anterior chamber angle width for ICL surgery is unclear. Our objective was to assess the clinical effect and the range of anterior chamber angle width of posterior-chamber implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) implantation in patients with anterior chamber depth (ACD) < 2.8 mm. Methods. Patients who underwent ICL V4c implantation with shallow ACD were included in this retrospective study. The patients’ uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, angle of trabecular-iris (TIA), angle-opening distance (AOD500), trabecular-iris space area (TISA500), corneal endothelial cell density, vault, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, intraocular pressure, visual field, and complications were analyzed. Results. Forty-one patients (68 eyes) completed at least 12 months of follow-up (median follow-up, 30 months). The effectiveness and safety indices were 1.09 ± 0.13 and 1.04 ± 0.21, respectively. The preoperative TIA values on the nasal and temporal sides were 39.78 ± 7.68 degree (range, 25.8-65.1 degree) and 41.54 ± 8.03 degree (range, 28.5-63.00 degree). Forty-seven eyes had uncorrected distance visual acuity ≥1.0, and 55 had corrected distance visual acuity ≥1.0 at the last follow-up visit. The TIA, AOD500, and TISA500 on the nasal and temporal sides were significantly reduced compared to those before surgery (all P<0.01); no eye had an angle closure or elevated intraocular pressure. The ICL V4c vault was 290.88 ± 153.36 μm (range, 60.0-880.0 μm). No severe complications occurred in any patient. Conclusions. In patients with myopia with shallow ACD (2.55-2.79 mm), a preoperative TIA >25.8° is safe and effective for a relatively long time after surgery; however, an extended long-term close follow-up is needed.
{"title":"Clinical Observation of Posterior-Chamber Phakic Implantable Collamer Lens V4c Implantation in Myopic Patients with Shallow Anterior Chamber Depth: A Retrospective, Consecutive Observational Study","authors":"Juan Yuan, Shuang Wu, Zongli Hu, Chunlin Chen, Shiyang Ye, Jian Ye","doi":"10.1155/2024/3181569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3181569","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The reference range for the preoperative anterior chamber angle width for ICL surgery is unclear. Our objective was to assess the clinical effect and the range of anterior chamber angle width of posterior-chamber implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) implantation in patients with anterior chamber depth (ACD) < 2.8 mm. Methods. Patients who underwent ICL V4c implantation with shallow ACD were included in this retrospective study. The patients’ uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, angle of trabecular-iris (TIA), angle-opening distance (AOD500), trabecular-iris space area (TISA500), corneal endothelial cell density, vault, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, intraocular pressure, visual field, and complications were analyzed. Results. Forty-one patients (68 eyes) completed at least 12 months of follow-up (median follow-up, 30 months). The effectiveness and safety indices were 1.09 ± 0.13 and 1.04 ± 0.21, respectively. The preoperative TIA values on the nasal and temporal sides were 39.78 ± 7.68 degree (range, 25.8-65.1 degree) and 41.54 ± 8.03 degree (range, 28.5-63.00 degree). Forty-seven eyes had uncorrected distance visual acuity ≥1.0, and 55 had corrected distance visual acuity ≥1.0 at the last follow-up visit. The TIA, AOD500, and TISA500 on the nasal and temporal sides were significantly reduced compared to those before surgery (all P<0.01); no eye had an angle closure or elevated intraocular pressure. The ICL V4c vault was 290.88 ± 153.36 μm (range, 60.0-880.0 μm). No severe complications occurred in any patient. Conclusions. In patients with myopia with shallow ACD (2.55-2.79 mm), a preoperative TIA >25.8° is safe and effective for a relatively long time after surgery; however, an extended long-term close follow-up is needed.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Social media has increasingly become a prominent source of health information. Platforms like TikTok that allow for videos to reach millions of viewers have become among the most common platforms to share and receive health information. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) videos and patients’ experiences are commonly discussed on social media. The quality of these videos remains to be assessed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the content, quality, and reach of the top 100 videos related to LASIK eye surgery on TikTok. Methods. Video quality was assessed using the DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS instruments which have all been proven to be both reliable and valid. Results. 100 videos were included in the study. Results showed that the videos have an immense reach with a total view count of 245 million views and 21.9 million likes. Two thirds of the videos were posted by personal accounts as compared ophthalmologists that only constituted 26% of the content. Healthcare professionals produced higher quality videos compared to nonhealthcare professionals (p<0.0001) although there was no significant difference in video duration (p=0.18). Increased duration, view count, comments, shares, saves, and views/day were all associated with increased DISCERN score and quality of the videos. Educational videos were of higher quality compared to entertainment videos, and videos outlining the procedure details had the highest quality score. Conclusions. LASIK videos on TikTok have established a wide reach, whereby viewers are highly interacting and viewing these videos. It appeared that viewers interacted more with the higher quality videos. Ophthalmologists approximately only contributed to a quarter of the videos analyzed in this study. This highlights the need for ophthalmologists to establish a presence on TikTok and produce high quality videos.
{"title":"LASIK Videos on TikTok: A Content Analysis of the Top 100 Videos","authors":"Firas Haddad, Joanna S. Saade","doi":"10.1155/2024/8810500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8810500","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Social media has increasingly become a prominent source of health information. Platforms like TikTok that allow for videos to reach millions of viewers have become among the most common platforms to share and receive health information. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) videos and patients’ experiences are commonly discussed on social media. The quality of these videos remains to be assessed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the content, quality, and reach of the top 100 videos related to LASIK eye surgery on TikTok. Methods. Video quality was assessed using the DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS instruments which have all been proven to be both reliable and valid. Results. 100 videos were included in the study. Results showed that the videos have an immense reach with a total view count of 245 million views and 21.9 million likes. Two thirds of the videos were posted by personal accounts as compared ophthalmologists that only constituted 26% of the content. Healthcare professionals produced higher quality videos compared to nonhealthcare professionals (p<0.0001) although there was no significant difference in video duration (p=0.18). Increased duration, view count, comments, shares, saves, and views/day were all associated with increased DISCERN score and quality of the videos. Educational videos were of higher quality compared to entertainment videos, and videos outlining the procedure details had the highest quality score. Conclusions. LASIK videos on TikTok have established a wide reach, whereby viewers are highly interacting and viewing these videos. It appeared that viewers interacted more with the higher quality videos. Ophthalmologists approximately only contributed to a quarter of the videos analyzed in this study. This highlights the need for ophthalmologists to establish a presence on TikTok and produce high quality videos.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rong Shi, Lijing Wang, Chengpeng Liang, Yu Cheng, Tai Xiang Liu, Xin Luo
Introduction. To evaluate the changes of lens antidilatation, antiedema, and antienzymolysis ability after different concentrations of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS)-induced collagen cross-linking. Methods. Corneal stromal lenticules (n = 100) obtained from small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedures were divided into 5 groups: no treatment (control); EDC/NHS (5%/2.5%); EDC/NHS(5%/5%); EDC/NHS (10%/5%); riboflavin and ultraviolet-A light (UVA). Collagen crosslinking was induced using EDC-NHS and UVA. Biomechanical assessments including inflation test, enzymatic degradation resistance, and light transmittance were evaluated posttreatment. Results. (1) Lenticule apex displacement ranked: control Group > UVA Group > Group (5%/5%) > Group (5%/2.5%) > Group (10%/5%) (Friedman test, ). (2) Light transmittance was significantly higher in the crosslinked groups versus control, with EDC/NHS superior to UVA riboflavin. After 15 minutes in PBS, light transmittance decreased due to swelling; however, crosslinked groups maintained significantly higher transmittance versus control. (3) Following crosslinking, enzymatic resistance improved significantly, with the EDC-NHS crosslinking group was significantly better than the UVA cross-linking group. Conclusions. EDC/NHS crosslinking enhanced lenticule stiffness, antiedema, and enzymatic resistance and without compromising the transparency of the lens. Moreover, EDC/NHS crosslinking efficacy exceeded UVA riboflavin crosslinking in improving lenticule biomechanical properties.
{"title":"Changes in the Biomechanical Properties of Corneal Stromal Lens after Collagen Crosslinking Induced by EDC-NHS","authors":"Rong Shi, Lijing Wang, Chengpeng Liang, Yu Cheng, Tai Xiang Liu, Xin Luo","doi":"10.1155/2024/9943458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9943458","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Introduction</i>. To evaluate the changes of lens antidilatation, antiedema, and antienzymolysis ability after different concentrations of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS)-induced collagen cross-linking. <i>Methods</i>. Corneal stromal lenticules (<i>n</i> = 100) obtained from small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedures were divided into 5 groups: no treatment (control); EDC/NHS (5%/2.5%); EDC/NHS(5%/5%); EDC/NHS (10%/5%); riboflavin and ultraviolet-A light (UVA). Collagen crosslinking was induced using EDC-NHS and UVA. Biomechanical assessments including inflation test, enzymatic degradation resistance, and light transmittance were evaluated posttreatment. <i>Results</i>. (1) Lenticule apex displacement ranked: control Group > UVA Group > Group (5%/5%) > Group (5%/2.5%) > Group (10%/5%) (Friedman test, <span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 34.448 11.7782\" width=\"34.448pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.529,0)\"></path></g></svg>).</span></span> (2) Light transmittance was significantly higher in the crosslinked groups versus control, with EDC/NHS superior to UVA riboflavin. After 15 minutes in PBS, light transmittance decreased due to swelling; however, crosslinked groups maintained significantly higher transmittance versus control. (3) Following crosslinking, enzymatic resistance improved significantly, with the EDC-NHS crosslinking group was significantly better than the UVA cross-linking group. <i>Conclusions</i>. EDC/NHS crosslinking enhanced lenticule stiffness, antiedema, and enzymatic resistance and without compromising the transparency of the lens. Moreover, EDC/NHS crosslinking efficacy exceeded UVA riboflavin crosslinking in improving lenticule biomechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaoling Li, Jing Li, Huiyu Wang, Mingyang Du, Lirong Wei, Teng Su, Gang Ding, Xuehan Qian, Ning Hua
Purpose. To compare the refractive errors measured by the Spot photoscreener (with or without cycloplegia) to cycloplegic retinoscopy in 6- to 10-week-old infants. Materials and Methods. 101 right eyes from 101 healthy infants aged 6 to 10 weeks were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. Refractive errors were measured using Spot photoscreener before and after cycloplegia, as well as cycloplegic retinoscopy. Comparisons between the refractive measurements were performed using one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey HSD test or Kruskal–Wallis test with the Steel–Dwass test according to the data normality. Pearson’s correlation test and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The agreement was evaluated using a Bland–Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement of the differences. Results. Spot photoscreener was found to underestimate the spherical equivalent by 2.33 Diopters (D) in these infants. Following the induction of cycloplegia, the spherical equivalent measured by Spot photoscreener was in excellent agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy with the mean difference of 0.01 D. Spot photoscreener overestimated cylindrical parameter by 0.2 D with poor agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy no matter whether cycloplegia was induced. It had good agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy in the vector than the vector measurement. Conclusions. With the induction of cycloplegia, Spot photoscreener can accurately evaluate spherical equivalent in hyperopic infants with mild-to-moderate astigmatism. While it may provide valuable measurements of astigmatism, discrepancies in cylinder and axis should be taken into account.
{"title":"The Performance of Spot Photoscreener in 6 to 10 Weeks Infants in China: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Yaoling Li, Jing Li, Huiyu Wang, Mingyang Du, Lirong Wei, Teng Su, Gang Ding, Xuehan Qian, Ning Hua","doi":"10.1155/2024/8817530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8817530","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Purpose</i>. To compare the refractive errors measured by the Spot photoscreener (with or without cycloplegia) to cycloplegic retinoscopy in 6- to 10-week-old infants. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. 101 right eyes from 101 healthy infants aged 6 to 10 weeks were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. Refractive errors were measured using Spot photoscreener before and after cycloplegia, as well as cycloplegic retinoscopy. Comparisons between the refractive measurements were performed using one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey HSD test or Kruskal–Wallis test with the Steel–Dwass test according to the data normality. Pearson’s correlation test and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The agreement was evaluated using a Bland–Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement of the differences. <i>Results</i>. Spot photoscreener was found to underestimate the spherical equivalent by 2.33 Diopters (D) in these infants. Following the induction of cycloplegia, the spherical equivalent measured by Spot photoscreener was in excellent agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy with the mean difference of 0.01 D. Spot photoscreener overestimated cylindrical parameter by 0.2 D with poor agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy no matter whether cycloplegia was induced. It had good agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy in the <svg height=\"11.927pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.291101pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 10.0959 11.927\" width=\"10.0959pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.031,3.132)\"></path></g></svg> vector than the <svg height=\"11.927pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.291101pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 14.5442 11.927\" width=\"14.5442pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-75\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.031,3.132)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.463,3.132)\"></path></g></svg> vector measurement. <i>Conclusions</i>. With the induction of cycloplegia, Spot photoscreener can accurately evaluate spherical equivalent in hyperopic infants with mild-to-moderate astigmatism. While it may provide valuable measurements of astigmatism, discrepancies in cylinder and axis should be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140938463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. The spot vision screener (SVS) has been widely used for eye health examinations of infants and young children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of two SVS measurements in children with ophthalmological diseases. Methods. 29 patients aged 15 years or younger who visited our hospital for refraction examinations with SVS before and at least 60 minutes after administration of 2 drops of 1% cyclopentolate ophthalmic solution (before and after cycloplegia) were included in this study. Two SVS measurements were made before and after cycloplegia, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman analysis for spherical, spherical equivalent (SE), cylindrical, J0, and J45 values before and after cycloplegia were analyzed. Results. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of the 29 patients was 7.6 ± 2.4 years. There were 11 males and 18 females. The mean spherical values based on the SVS before and after cycloplegia were 0.42 ± 1.67 diopter (D), and 1.47 ± 2.23 D for the first measurement and 0.60 ± 1.74 D, and 1.42 ± 2.27 D for the second measurement, respectively. The mean cylindrical values based on SVS before and after cycloplegia were −1.45 ± 0.96 D and −1.65 ± 0.89 D for the first measurement and −1.58 ± 1.13 D and −1.66 ± 0.91 D for the second measurement, respectively. The ICCs for the first and second spherical, SE, cylindrical, J0, and J45 values before cycloplegia were 0.95, 0.98, 0.83, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The ICCs for the first and second spherical, SE, cylindrical, J0, and J45 values after cycloplegia were 0.99, 0.99, 0,87, 0.73, and 0.80, respectively. The Bland–Altman analysis of the first and second spherical and SE values before cycloplegia showed fan-shaped variation as hyperopia increased. Conclusions. Two consecutive SVS refraction measurements have a high degree of reproducibility for spherical and SE values but a low degree for cylindrical, J0, and J45 values. From these results, multiple measurements are required to obtain reliable results for cylindrical values.
{"title":"Test-Retest of the Spot Vision Screener among Children with Ophthalmological Diseases including Strabismus","authors":"Mika Ichimura, Satoshi Ueki, Takeo Fukuchi","doi":"10.1155/2024/2173860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2173860","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. The spot vision screener (SVS) has been widely used for eye health examinations of infants and young children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of two SVS measurements in children with ophthalmological diseases. <i>Methods</i>. 29 patients aged 15 years or younger who visited our hospital for refraction examinations with SVS before and at least 60 minutes after administration of 2 drops of 1% cyclopentolate ophthalmic solution (before and after cycloplegia) were included in this study. Two SVS measurements were made before and after cycloplegia, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman analysis for spherical, spherical equivalent (SE), cylindrical, J0, and J45 values before and after cycloplegia were analyzed. <i>Results</i>. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of the 29 patients was 7.6 ± 2.4 years. There were 11 males and 18 females. The mean spherical values based on the SVS before and after cycloplegia were 0.42 ± 1.67 diopter (D), and 1.47 ± 2.23 D for the first measurement and 0.60 ± 1.74 D, and 1.42 ± 2.27 D for the second measurement, respectively. The mean cylindrical values based on SVS before and after cycloplegia were −1.45 ± 0.96 D and −1.65 ± 0.89 D for the first measurement and −1.58 ± 1.13 D and −1.66 ± 0.91 D for the second measurement, respectively. The ICCs for the first and second spherical, SE, cylindrical, J0, and J45 values before cycloplegia were 0.95, 0.98, 0.83, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The ICCs for the first and second spherical, SE, cylindrical, J0, and J45 values after cycloplegia were 0.99, 0.99, 0,87, 0.73, and 0.80, respectively. The Bland–Altman analysis of the first and second spherical and SE values before cycloplegia showed fan-shaped variation as hyperopia increased. <i>Conclusions</i>. Two consecutive SVS refraction measurements have a high degree of reproducibility for spherical and SE values but a low degree for cylindrical, J0, and J45 values. From these results, multiple measurements are required to obtain reliable results for cylindrical values.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José-Manuel Serrano-Morales, Noelia Álvarez-Santaliestra, María Carmen Sánchez-González, Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez, José-María Sánchez-González
Purpose. To determine the relationship between dyslipidemia and dry eye disease (DED), as well as its influence on tear film and meibomian glands. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 40 patients with a mean age of 35.2 ± 13.9 years without any history of dyslipidemia. DED and serum lipid profile were evaluated after 8 hours of fasting. Patients were classified according to serum lipid levels with the following cut-off values: total cholesterol (TC) (200 mg/dl), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (40 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (130 mg/dl), and triglycerides (TG) (150 mg/dl). The relationship between serum lipid levels and DED was analyzed with the following variables: dry eye questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5), first (F-NIBUT) and average (A-NIBUT) noninvasive breakup time, tear meniscus height (TMH), lipid layer grade (LLG), conjunctival bulbar redness (CBR), and upper (U-LAMG) and lower (L-LAMG) loss area of meibomian glands. Results. Regarding tear film, patients with elevated TC and LDL levels reported significantly higher DEQ-5 scores and TMH (), while those with lower HDL levels showed significantly higher LLG (). Regarding MGD, patients wit
{"title":"Impact of Dyslipidemia on Tear Film and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Interplay between Serum Lipid Profile and Ocular Surface Health","authors":"José-Manuel Serrano-Morales, Noelia Álvarez-Santaliestra, María Carmen Sánchez-González, Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez, José-María Sánchez-González","doi":"10.1155/2024/7345270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7345270","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Purpose</i>. To determine the relationship between dyslipidemia and dry eye disease (DED), as well as its influence on tear film and meibomian glands. <i>Methods</i>. This cross-sectional study included 40 patients with a mean age of 35.2 ± 13.9 years without any history of dyslipidemia. DED and serum lipid profile were evaluated after 8 hours of fasting. Patients were classified according to serum lipid levels with the following cut-off values: total cholesterol (TC) (200 mg/dl), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (40 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (130 mg/dl), and triglycerides (TG) (150 mg/dl). The relationship between serum lipid levels and DED was analyzed with the following variables: dry eye questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5), first (F-NIBUT) and average (A-NIBUT) noninvasive breakup time, tear meniscus height (TMH), lipid layer grade (LLG), conjunctival bulbar redness (CBR), and upper (U-LAMG) and lower (L-LAMG) loss area of meibomian glands. <i>Results</i>. Regarding tear film, patients with elevated TC and LDL levels reported significantly higher DEQ-5 scores and TMH (<span><svg height=\"9.2729pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.6370001pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729\" width=\"19.289pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.658,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"9.2729pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.6370001pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.8711838 -8.6359 21.918 9.2729\" width=\"21.918pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.921,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.161,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.125,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.365,0)\"></path></g></svg>),</span></span> while those with lower HDL levels showed significantly higher LLG (<span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-91\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 21.921 11.7782\" width=\"21.921pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-47\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-54\"></use></g></svg>).</span></span> Regarding MGD, patients wit","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. To determine the advantages of next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) technology in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious keratitis (IK). Methods. A total of 287 patients with IK admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Nanjing First Hospital between August 2018 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, and the pathogenic causes, etiological characteristics, detection, treatment methods, and efficacy were summarized. Results. Trauma and foreign matter were the most common causes of IK (144 patients, 50.2%). Of the 287 patients, 228 (79.4%) were diagnosed with a specific etiology, including 110 (48.2%) fungal infections, 44 (19.3%) viral infections, 42 (18.4%) mixed infections, and 30 (13.2%) bacterial infections. Filamentous fungi represented by Fusarium and Aspergillus were the most common, followed by bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, viruses (Herpes Simplex Virus/Varicella-Zoster Virus), and parasites. The positivity rates of secretion culture, corneal laser confocal microscopy (CM), mNGS, and pathological sections were 47.3% (133/281), 45.3% (111/245), 83.9% (104/124), and 19.3% (40/207), respectively. The positivity rate of mNGS for bacteria and viruses was higher than that of the other methods, and the positivity rate for fungi was the same as that for CM. As a result, 214 cases (74.6%) were cured, 51 cases (17.8%) improved, 8 cases (2.8%) did not heal, ocular content enucleation was performed in 14 cases (4.9%), and the overall efficacy rate was 92.3%. Conclusion. Trauma and foreign matter are the main causes of IK. The mNGS technology is an efficient and comprehensive detection method for viruses and bacteria, especially for mixed infections.
{"title":"Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Infectious Keratitis","authors":"Xin-Yu Pan, Meng Wang, Yi-Dan Xu, Lin-Nong Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/9911979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9911979","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Purpose</i>. To determine the advantages of next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) technology in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious keratitis (IK). <i>Methods</i>. A total of 287 patients with IK admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of Nanjing First Hospital between August 2018 and December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, and the pathogenic causes, etiological characteristics, detection, treatment methods, and efficacy were summarized. <i>Results</i>. Trauma and foreign matter were the most common causes of IK (144 patients, 50.2%). Of the 287 patients, 228 (79.4%) were diagnosed with a specific etiology, including 110 (48.2%) fungal infections, 44 (19.3%) viral infections, 42 (18.4%) mixed infections, and 30 (13.2%) bacterial infections. Filamentous fungi represented by <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Aspergillus</i> were the most common, followed by bacteria such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, viruses (Herpes Simplex Virus/Varicella-Zoster Virus), and parasites. The positivity rates of secretion culture, corneal laser confocal microscopy (CM), mNGS, and pathological sections were 47.3% (133/281), 45.3% (111/245), 83.9% (104/124), and 19.3% (40/207), respectively. The positivity rate of mNGS for bacteria and viruses was higher than that of the other methods, and the positivity rate for fungi was the same as that for CM. As a result, 214 cases (74.6%) were cured, 51 cases (17.8%) improved, 8 cases (2.8%) did not heal, ocular content enucleation was performed in 14 cases (4.9%), and the overall efficacy rate was 92.3%. <i>Conclusion</i>. Trauma and foreign matter are the main causes of IK. The mNGS technology is an efficient and comprehensive detection method for viruses and bacteria, especially for mixed infections.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context. Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is a recognized treatment for corneal damage but possesses inherent risks, mainly due to its open-sky nature, which potentially lead to severe sight-threatening complications. Protective penetrating keratoplasty (PPK) emerges as a novel procedure aimed at mitigating these risks. Aim. To assess the surgical safety, postoperative outcomes, and the impact of PPK on corneal endothelial cell density through a retrospective analysis of 22 cases. Settings and Design. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was executed at Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital from February 2018 to December 2021, involving 22 patients (22 eyes) who were unresponsive to other medical treatments and had a corrected distance visual acuity of ≤0.1. Methods and Materials. Patients underwent PPK, with surgical procedures and postoperative care documented. Statistical analysis was performed on qualitative and quantitative variables to evaluate the surgical outcomes and the corneal endothelial cell density changes postoperation. Results. All surgeries demonstrated a significant improvement in postoperative visual acuity () and recorded a 9.2% decrease in the corneal endothelial cell density at 12 months. Noteworthy complications included one case of intraoperatively discovered haptic dislocation and one postoperative bacterial keratitis. Conclusions. PPK could potentially mitigate perioperative complications, ensure graft clarity, and reduce corneal endothelial cell loss, presenting itself as a viable alternative to traditional PK. Although the results are encouraging, larger-scale studies are essential to validate the benefits and applicability of PPK in broader clinical settings.
{"title":"Enhanced Surgical Safety through Protective Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of 22 Cases","authors":"Tian Yang, Miguel O. M. Castellanos","doi":"10.1155/2024/2718527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2718527","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Context</i>. Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is a recognized treatment for corneal damage but possesses inherent risks, mainly due to its open-sky nature, which potentially lead to severe sight-threatening complications. Protective penetrating keratoplasty (PPK) emerges as a novel procedure aimed at mitigating these risks. <i>Aim</i>. To assess the surgical safety, postoperative outcomes, and the impact of PPK on corneal endothelial cell density through a retrospective analysis of 22 cases. <i>Settings and Design</i>. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was executed at Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital from February 2018 to December 2021, involving 22 patients (22 eyes) who were unresponsive to other medical treatments and had a corrected distance visual acuity of ≤0.1. <i>Methods and Materials</i>. Patients underwent PPK, with surgical procedures and postoperative care documented. Statistical analysis was performed on qualitative and quantitative variables to evaluate the surgical outcomes and the corneal endothelial cell density changes postoperation. <i>Results</i>. All surgeries demonstrated a significant improvement in postoperative visual acuity (<span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782\" width=\"28.184pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)\"></path></g></svg>)</span></span> and recorded a 9.2% decrease in the corneal endothelial cell density at 12 months. Noteworthy complications included one case of intraoperatively discovered haptic dislocation and one postoperative bacterial keratitis. <i>Conclusions</i>. PPK could potentially mitigate perioperative complications, ensure graft clarity, and reduce corneal endothelial cell loss, presenting itself as a viable alternative to traditional PK. Although the results are encouraging, larger-scale studies are essential to validate the benefits and applicability of PPK in broader clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Procházková, Martina Poláchová, Jakub Dítě, Magdaléna Netuková, Pavel Studený
The cornea is one of the most commonly transplanted tissues worldwide. It is used to restore vision when severe visual impairment or blindness occurs in patients with corneal diseases or after trauma. Due to the global shortage of healthy donor corneas, decellularized corneal tissue has significant potential as an alternative to corneal transplantation. It preserves the native and biological ultrastructure of the cornea and, therefore, represents the most promising scaffold. This article discusses different methods of corneal decellularization based on the current literature. We searched PubMed.gov for articles from January 2009 to December 2023 using the following keywords: corneal decellularization, decellularization methods, and corneal transplantation. Although several methods of decellularization of corneal tissue have been reported, a universal standardised protocol of corneal decellularization has not yet been introduced. In general, a combination of decellularization methods has been used for efficient decellularization while preserving the optimal properties of the corneal tissue.
{"title":"Chemical, Physical, and Biological Corneal Decellularization Methods: A Review of Literature","authors":"Alexandra Procházková, Martina Poláchová, Jakub Dítě, Magdaléna Netuková, Pavel Studený","doi":"10.1155/2024/1191462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1191462","url":null,"abstract":"The cornea is one of the most commonly transplanted tissues worldwide. It is used to restore vision when severe visual impairment or blindness occurs in patients with corneal diseases or after trauma. Due to the global shortage of healthy donor corneas, decellularized corneal tissue has significant potential as an alternative to corneal transplantation. It preserves the native and biological ultrastructure of the cornea and, therefore, represents the most promising scaffold. This article discusses different methods of corneal decellularization based on the current literature. We searched PubMed.gov for articles from January 2009 to December 2023 using the following keywords: corneal decellularization, decellularization methods, and corneal transplantation. Although several methods of decellularization of corneal tissue have been reported, a universal standardised protocol of corneal decellularization has not yet been introduced. In general, a combination of decellularization methods has been used for efficient decellularization while preserving the optimal properties of the corneal tissue.","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：