Abstract In this article, the authors analyse the performance of the “multiple input multiple output (MIMO)” technique on a free space optical (FSO) communication link using the mid wavelength infrared (MWIR) and commonly used short wavelength infrared (SWIR) in the presence of various visibility conditions like clear weather, light haze, dense haze, fog, etc., and strong turbulence regime. A 5 km link range has been considered with different diversity MIMO schemes. The performance analysis has been made for both wavelengths in terms of bit error rate (BER) and link outage probability. As the MIMO diversity is increased, the performance has been improved compared to the single input single output (SISO) scheme. In the presence of foggy conditions and higher turbulence strength, the MWIR wavelength works properly, whereas the SWIR wavelength has not worked for the same signal to noise (SNR) ratio and the same link distance.
{"title":"Effect of MIMO scheme on MWIR FSO link & comparison with SWIR wavelength in the presence of different visibility and strong turbulence circumstances","authors":"S. Mukherjee, S. Paul, S. Mazumdar","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0182","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, the authors analyse the performance of the “multiple input multiple output (MIMO)” technique on a free space optical (FSO) communication link using the mid wavelength infrared (MWIR) and commonly used short wavelength infrared (SWIR) in the presence of various visibility conditions like clear weather, light haze, dense haze, fog, etc., and strong turbulence regime. A 5 km link range has been considered with different diversity MIMO schemes. The performance analysis has been made for both wavelengths in terms of bit error rate (BER) and link outage probability. As the MIMO diversity is increased, the performance has been improved compared to the single input single output (SISO) scheme. In the presence of foggy conditions and higher turbulence strength, the MWIR wavelength works properly, whereas the SWIR wavelength has not worked for the same signal to noise (SNR) ratio and the same link distance.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44922557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anindita Chattopadhyay, Angshuman Majumdar, S. Gangopadhyay
Abstract With the help of ABCD matrix concept, we examine the coupling efficiency of a single mode circular core graded index fiber (GIF) excited by laser diode via cylindrical micro lens on the fiber tip. We investigate the efficiencies for refractive index distribution of some specific profile exponents such as g = 4.0, 8.0, 10.0 and 20.0. The refractive index distribution for GIFs had been studied earlier. The efficiency is calculated along the vertical plane as the efficiency is very poor along the horizontal plane. For two very common wavelengths 1.3 μm and 1.5 μm the efficiencies have been calculated and for 1.3 μm wavelength the refractive index distribution of profile exponent (g) having the value g = 4 is found to be most efficient in this context. The results are very much important in the design of optical optimization.
{"title":"Study of coupling optics of cylindrical microlens fabricated on tips of graded index fibers having different profile exponents","authors":"Anindita Chattopadhyay, Angshuman Majumdar, S. Gangopadhyay","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0129","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With the help of ABCD matrix concept, we examine the coupling efficiency of a single mode circular core graded index fiber (GIF) excited by laser diode via cylindrical micro lens on the fiber tip. We investigate the efficiencies for refractive index distribution of some specific profile exponents such as g = 4.0, 8.0, 10.0 and 20.0. The refractive index distribution for GIFs had been studied earlier. The efficiency is calculated along the vertical plane as the efficiency is very poor along the horizontal plane. For two very common wavelengths 1.3 μm and 1.5 μm the efficiencies have been calculated and for 1.3 μm wavelength the refractive index distribution of profile exponent (g) having the value g = 4 is found to be most efficient in this context. The results are very much important in the design of optical optimization.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this research, a communication system that uses visible light as a carrier and is designed for high-throughput interior applications. In order to lower the overall system cost, this work uses intensity modulation at the transmitter and direct detection with electrical filtering at the receiver. Various low-pass filtration techniques (Gaussian, Butterworth, Bessel, and Chebyshev) have been proposed in his paper to mitigate the effect of channel distortion in visible light communication (VLC) systems. The achieved transmission range is up to 3 m in addition to the supported data rate of 10 Gbps with a bit error rate of less than 10−9. Simulations are carried out using optisystem software that includes PRBS OOK optical signal generation at LED output in the transmitter, VLC channel, and APD with LPF in the receiver.
{"title":"Distortion managed directly modulated on-off keying signal transmission for 10 Gbps visible light communications using electrical filtration","authors":"M. Sudhakar, G. K. Rajini","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0179","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this research, a communication system that uses visible light as a carrier and is designed for high-throughput interior applications. In order to lower the overall system cost, this work uses intensity modulation at the transmitter and direct detection with electrical filtering at the receiver. Various low-pass filtration techniques (Gaussian, Butterworth, Bessel, and Chebyshev) have been proposed in his paper to mitigate the effect of channel distortion in visible light communication (VLC) systems. The achieved transmission range is up to 3 m in addition to the supported data rate of 10 Gbps with a bit error rate of less than 10−9. Simulations are carried out using optisystem software that includes PRBS OOK optical signal generation at LED output in the transmitter, VLC channel, and APD with LPF in the receiver.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46782438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darwin Nesakumar Annath Kumar, M. Tamilselvi, Bhuvaneswari Balasubramanian, N. Ashokkumar, R. Prabu, Aziz Mahoumd Taher
Abstract This study demonstrated the dual port dual drive/LiNb MZM measured modulators based light transmitter sources for ultra-long haul optical wireless systems. The lighted signal spectrum is clarified after OWC channel through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Lighted signal power amplitude spectrum variation is measured after OWC channel (150 km reach) through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. The total base signal band power amplitude value is estimated after OWC channel (150 km reach) through the use of both LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Light sampled signals analysis based S parameters is clarified and sketched carefully with spectral frequency after amplification stage through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Besides, the signal power amplitude quality with spectral time is simulated and sketched after amplification stage through the use of dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators and LiNb MZM modulators.
{"title":"Dual port dual drive/LiNb MZM measured modulators based light transmitter sources for ultra-long haul optical wireless systems","authors":"Darwin Nesakumar Annath Kumar, M. Tamilselvi, Bhuvaneswari Balasubramanian, N. Ashokkumar, R. Prabu, Aziz Mahoumd Taher","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0171","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study demonstrated the dual port dual drive/LiNb MZM measured modulators based light transmitter sources for ultra-long haul optical wireless systems. The lighted signal spectrum is clarified after OWC channel through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Lighted signal power amplitude spectrum variation is measured after OWC channel (150 km reach) through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. The total base signal band power amplitude value is estimated after OWC channel (150 km reach) through the use of both LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Light sampled signals analysis based S parameters is clarified and sketched carefully with spectral frequency after amplification stage through the use of LiNb MZM modulators and dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators. Besides, the signal power amplitude quality with spectral time is simulated and sketched after amplification stage through the use of dual port dual drive MZM measured modulators and LiNb MZM modulators.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49031476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper proposes a 16 × 160 Gbps DP-16QAM-WDM-FSO system with 100 and 25 GHz channel spacing, utilizing coherent detection with digital signal processing to enhance the receiver sensitivity. The system’s performance is evaluated under different climate circumstances, such as dust, rain, and fog. The MIMO technique with 2 × 2, 4 × 4, and 8 × 8 configurations are suggested to mitigate weather attenuation effects. Performance metrics, including bit error rate (BER), error vector magnitude (EVM %), quality factor (Q-factor), and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), are utilized to evaluate the system’s performance. Results show that the proposed system increases the maximum transmission distance by 12.67 %–49.33 %, 19.17 %–78.66 %, and 25.68 %–108 % for all weather circumstances when utilizing 2 × 2 MIMO, 4 × 4 MIMO, and 8 × 8 MIMO, respectively. Moreover, while reducing channel spacing improves the system’s spectral efficiency from 1.6 to 6.4 bits/s/Hz, it also degrades the link range and requires an increased OSNR. A performance comparison between our work and related works is also considered in this paper.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of a 2.56 Tbps DP-16QAM WDM system under various channel spacings and weather conditions using MIMO configurations","authors":"Jaafar Ali Jaafar, W. A. H. Hadi, A. Sabri","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper proposes a 16 × 160 Gbps DP-16QAM-WDM-FSO system with 100 and 25 GHz channel spacing, utilizing coherent detection with digital signal processing to enhance the receiver sensitivity. The system’s performance is evaluated under different climate circumstances, such as dust, rain, and fog. The MIMO technique with 2 × 2, 4 × 4, and 8 × 8 configurations are suggested to mitigate weather attenuation effects. Performance metrics, including bit error rate (BER), error vector magnitude (EVM %), quality factor (Q-factor), and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), are utilized to evaluate the system’s performance. Results show that the proposed system increases the maximum transmission distance by 12.67 %–49.33 %, 19.17 %–78.66 %, and 25.68 %–108 % for all weather circumstances when utilizing 2 × 2 MIMO, 4 × 4 MIMO, and 8 × 8 MIMO, respectively. Moreover, while reducing channel spacing improves the system’s spectral efficiency from 1.6 to 6.4 bits/s/Hz, it also degrades the link range and requires an increased OSNR. A performance comparison between our work and related works is also considered in this paper.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43828708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract OCDM, a new MCM scheme, has been proposed in the literature. Like widely used OFDM, OCDM also has a drawback of high PAPR. PAPR reduction schemes like SLM and PTS require information about phase factors i.e. SI used at the transmitting end for PAPR reduction for recovery of original data signal at the receiver. Transmission and recovery of SI is always a concern. In this paper a new CTM-IS method has been proposed for PAPR reduction of OCDM signal without SI. Main objective of the proposed scheme is to improve the error performance of SI free SLM and PTS based schemes without any degradation in PAPR reduction. PAPR performance and SER performance, over AWGN as well as multipath Rayleigh fading channels, of OCDM signal with proposed CTM-IS scheme is evaluated. Analytical expression for SER of the proposed CTM-IS scheme over AWGN channel is also derived. The computational complexity of the proposed CTM-IS scheme is also presented. Performance of the proposed CTM-IS scheme is compared with the existing MSM combined with SLM (MSM-SLM), CCM combined with SLM (CCM-SLM) and OM combined with SLM (OM-SLM) schemes. The proposed CTM-IS scheme has demonstrated to offer a theoretical power gain of about 3.01 dB, 2.55 dB, and 14.23 dB over MSM-SLM, CCM-SLM and OM-SLM schemes, respectively. Proposed CTM-IS scheme provides better SER performance with respect to MSM-SLM, CCM-SLM and OM-SLM without any loss in the PAPR performance. Moreover, computational complexity of CTM-IS scheme is less than that of MSM-SLM and CCM-SLM schemes.
{"title":"Concentric triangular mapping with iterative substitution method for PAPR reduction in OCDM system without SI","authors":"M. Singh, A. Goel","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract OCDM, a new MCM scheme, has been proposed in the literature. Like widely used OFDM, OCDM also has a drawback of high PAPR. PAPR reduction schemes like SLM and PTS require information about phase factors i.e. SI used at the transmitting end for PAPR reduction for recovery of original data signal at the receiver. Transmission and recovery of SI is always a concern. In this paper a new CTM-IS method has been proposed for PAPR reduction of OCDM signal without SI. Main objective of the proposed scheme is to improve the error performance of SI free SLM and PTS based schemes without any degradation in PAPR reduction. PAPR performance and SER performance, over AWGN as well as multipath Rayleigh fading channels, of OCDM signal with proposed CTM-IS scheme is evaluated. Analytical expression for SER of the proposed CTM-IS scheme over AWGN channel is also derived. The computational complexity of the proposed CTM-IS scheme is also presented. Performance of the proposed CTM-IS scheme is compared with the existing MSM combined with SLM (MSM-SLM), CCM combined with SLM (CCM-SLM) and OM combined with SLM (OM-SLM) schemes. The proposed CTM-IS scheme has demonstrated to offer a theoretical power gain of about 3.01 dB, 2.55 dB, and 14.23 dB over MSM-SLM, CCM-SLM and OM-SLM schemes, respectively. Proposed CTM-IS scheme provides better SER performance with respect to MSM-SLM, CCM-SLM and OM-SLM without any loss in the PAPR performance. Moreover, computational complexity of CTM-IS scheme is less than that of MSM-SLM and CCM-SLM schemes.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44357270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The sequence generator and decoders are used for noise analysis, signal propagation, data processing, and bit error rate analysis. The semiconductor and modern electronic components are facing challenges in terms of processing speed and data rates. However, by using photons rather than electrons as the information carriers, these difficulties can be reduced. Photonic devices attained the operating speed in the regime of terahertz, but sit back due to the diffraction limit, which can be overcome by employing plasmon-based devices or all-optical devices. This work presents a numerical investigation of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguides based two-bit sequence generator (SG) and decoder. The structure of SG and decoder circuits are designed within the footprints of 86 × 9 and 140 × 9 µm, by cascading one power splitter (PS) and four Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), and two PS and five MZI, respectively. To design the MZI, the optimization of the S-bend waveguide, the coupling length of the power splitter, and the length of the interferometric arm are done by recording the output power. The highest extinction ratio of 22.1 dB is attained at the coupling and interferometric arm lengths of 1.5 µm and 5 µm, respectively. The propagation of the optical signal through the structure of SG is observed by using a two-dimensional finite difference time domain method-based tool.
{"title":"Kerr effect based optical switching for the assessment of all-optical sequence generator and decoder circuits","authors":"Lokendra Singh, N. Agrawal","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The sequence generator and decoders are used for noise analysis, signal propagation, data processing, and bit error rate analysis. The semiconductor and modern electronic components are facing challenges in terms of processing speed and data rates. However, by using photons rather than electrons as the information carriers, these difficulties can be reduced. Photonic devices attained the operating speed in the regime of terahertz, but sit back due to the diffraction limit, which can be overcome by employing plasmon-based devices or all-optical devices. This work presents a numerical investigation of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguides based two-bit sequence generator (SG) and decoder. The structure of SG and decoder circuits are designed within the footprints of 86 × 9 and 140 × 9 µm, by cascading one power splitter (PS) and four Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), and two PS and five MZI, respectively. To design the MZI, the optimization of the S-bend waveguide, the coupling length of the power splitter, and the length of the interferometric arm are done by recording the output power. The highest extinction ratio of 22.1 dB is attained at the coupling and interferometric arm lengths of 1.5 µm and 5 µm, respectively. The propagation of the optical signal through the structure of SG is observed by using a two-dimensional finite difference time domain method-based tool.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48410832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Code division multiple access in optical domain has a potential in next-generation long-haul transmission systems. However, multiple user interference is a snag in functioning of system employing OCDMA. A detailed analysis of multiple access interference (MAI) which causes a severe degradation in the system performance is done in this paper. An optimum MAI cancellation scheme has been proposed. This cancellation scheme depends not only on using the excellent correlation property of the double padded modified prime codes (DPMPC) as spreading sequence but also on employing minimum shift keying (MSK). The performance of the proposed cancellation scheme is compared with the existing techniques of FSK-OCDMA and PPM-OCDMA cancellation techniques. MSK-OCDMA cancellation technique achieves the lowest bit error rate of 10−20. It is also efficient in power. It achieves lowest bit error rate at same number of mean photon number when compared to the existing techniques. The investigations reveal that MSK-OCDMA cancellation technique outperforms FSK-OCDMA and PPM-OCDMA cancellation schemes.
{"title":"Novel technique to cancel MAI for OCDMA system","authors":"Manisha Bharti","doi":"10.1515/joc-2022-0275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2022-0275","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Code division multiple access in optical domain has a potential in next-generation long-haul transmission systems. However, multiple user interference is a snag in functioning of system employing OCDMA. A detailed analysis of multiple access interference (MAI) which causes a severe degradation in the system performance is done in this paper. An optimum MAI cancellation scheme has been proposed. This cancellation scheme depends not only on using the excellent correlation property of the double padded modified prime codes (DPMPC) as spreading sequence but also on employing minimum shift keying (MSK). The performance of the proposed cancellation scheme is compared with the existing techniques of FSK-OCDMA and PPM-OCDMA cancellation techniques. MSK-OCDMA cancellation technique achieves the lowest bit error rate of 10−20. It is also efficient in power. It achieves lowest bit error rate at same number of mean photon number when compared to the existing techniques. The investigations reveal that MSK-OCDMA cancellation technique outperforms FSK-OCDMA and PPM-OCDMA cancellation schemes.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49659590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents a comprehension on the linearization arrangements achieved through dual drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder (DD-DPMZM) by changing bias voltages of sub-modulators and adjusting phases of RF signals. These arrangements comprise of a DD-DPMZM and electric phase shifters. For single sideband (SSB) modulation in sub-modulators of DD-DPMZM, power at intermodulation is found to be 43 dB and 61 dB for the linearized and convention single modulator link respectively. Thus, 28 dB of improvement in suppression of third order intermodulation distortion is reported for the first arrangement of linearization. For quadrature modulation in upper MZM and optical carrier suppression (OCS) modulation in lower modulator, almost complete suppression of IMD3 terms are demonstrated and found to be better performance arrangement for bias optimized dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator based linearization link.
{"title":"Comparison of performance for third order immune photonic transmission link incorporating phase shifters and biased optimized dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator","authors":"Pulkit Berwal, Sarika Singh","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0133","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a comprehension on the linearization arrangements achieved through dual drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder (DD-DPMZM) by changing bias voltages of sub-modulators and adjusting phases of RF signals. These arrangements comprise of a DD-DPMZM and electric phase shifters. For single sideband (SSB) modulation in sub-modulators of DD-DPMZM, power at intermodulation is found to be 43 dB and 61 dB for the linearized and convention single modulator link respectively. Thus, 28 dB of improvement in suppression of third order intermodulation distortion is reported for the first arrangement of linearization. For quadrature modulation in upper MZM and optical carrier suppression (OCS) modulation in lower modulator, almost complete suppression of IMD3 terms are demonstrated and found to be better performance arrangement for bias optimized dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator based linearization link.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45881659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The effects of quick mode-competition phenomena on the dynamics of semiconductor quantum dot light-emitting diode (QDLED) are the subject of theoretical investigations in this study. The analyses are based on numerical simulations of the superposed multi-mode rate equations, which take into account the inherent fluctuations related to the spontaneous emission. The modal photon number and the injected electron number are reserved correlated during the multimode sources’ numerical generating process. Based on a self-consistent model, the optical frequency w effects which result in competition phenomena among lighting modes are introduced. The phenomenon of mode-competition is used to explain how noise sources affect it. Mode-competition processes cause instantaneous coupling between variations in mode intensity, which leads to instability in the dynamics of the modes and changes the state of operation. Over a broad range of carriers and photon rates (including the capture rate of the witting layer (WL) into the dot, the photon output rate in the optical mode, and the nonradiative decay rates of the number of carriers in the QD and WL), the dynamics of modes and the characteristics of the output spectrum are investigated. Three types of operation are distinguished: jittering single mode, stable single mode, and stable multimode.
{"title":"Influence of multi-modes contest on the dynamics of a quantum dot light emitting diode","authors":"Hawraa A. Hussein, H. A. Al Husseini","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0131","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of quick mode-competition phenomena on the dynamics of semiconductor quantum dot light-emitting diode (QDLED) are the subject of theoretical investigations in this study. The analyses are based on numerical simulations of the superposed multi-mode rate equations, which take into account the inherent fluctuations related to the spontaneous emission. The modal photon number and the injected electron number are reserved correlated during the multimode sources’ numerical generating process. Based on a self-consistent model, the optical frequency w effects which result in competition phenomena among lighting modes are introduced. The phenomenon of mode-competition is used to explain how noise sources affect it. Mode-competition processes cause instantaneous coupling between variations in mode intensity, which leads to instability in the dynamics of the modes and changes the state of operation. Over a broad range of carriers and photon rates (including the capture rate of the witting layer (WL) into the dot, the photon output rate in the optical mode, and the nonradiative decay rates of the number of carriers in the QD and WL), the dynamics of modes and the characteristics of the output spectrum are investigated. Three types of operation are distinguished: jittering single mode, stable single mode, and stable multimode.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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