Paulomi Mandal, Nilanjana Sarkar, R. Atta, A. Patra
Abstract Telecommunication networks are forced to be advanced day by day for high data rate transportation over long-reach to fulfil the ever-increasing demand of the subscribers. Different used schemes, modulation techniques are smart enough to support high data rate transmission over long distance but some impairment like Rayleigh backscattering (RB) brings a limitation on data rate or transmission distance. RB noise effect arises and affects the system performance when more than one signal of similar wavelengths are transmitted through a same feeder fiber in full-duplex networks and different researchers have already proposed various schemes to eliminate RB noise effect in different transport networks. The present paper surveys and analyses the techniques which proposed in last 15 years for mitigation of RB noise in communication systems. The origin of RB and the impact of it in different communication systems are also explained. All the proposed networks are aimed to support next generation communication systems by providing high data rate (up to 160 Gbps downstream and 20 Gbps upstream) over long reach (up to 115 km single mode fiber link) with lesser RB noise effect but exact quantification of RB noise mitigation is not reported till now which could be a future scope for the new researchers.
{"title":"Recent advancement of RB noise alleviation techniques in different communication networks and its lacunae: a review","authors":"Paulomi Mandal, Nilanjana Sarkar, R. Atta, A. Patra","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0248","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Telecommunication networks are forced to be advanced day by day for high data rate transportation over long-reach to fulfil the ever-increasing demand of the subscribers. Different used schemes, modulation techniques are smart enough to support high data rate transmission over long distance but some impairment like Rayleigh backscattering (RB) brings a limitation on data rate or transmission distance. RB noise effect arises and affects the system performance when more than one signal of similar wavelengths are transmitted through a same feeder fiber in full-duplex networks and different researchers have already proposed various schemes to eliminate RB noise effect in different transport networks. The present paper surveys and analyses the techniques which proposed in last 15 years for mitigation of RB noise in communication systems. The origin of RB and the impact of it in different communication systems are also explained. All the proposed networks are aimed to support next generation communication systems by providing high data rate (up to 160 Gbps downstream and 20 Gbps upstream) over long reach (up to 115 km single mode fiber link) with lesser RB noise effect but exact quantification of RB noise mitigation is not reported till now which could be a future scope for the new researchers.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Like OFDM, OCDM signal also suffers from high PAPR. SLM is an attractive PAPR reduction method but it needs to transmit the information regarding phase sequence i.e. SI to the receiver, which results in reduction in SE and data rate. Various SLM based SI free and SI embedding schemes are available in the literature. In this paper, different possible quaternary to 8-QAM mapping schemes for SI free SLM based PAPR reduction in OCDM system are discussed. Moreover, a new mapping scheme to eliminate the SI requirement has also been presented in this manuscript for SLM based PAPR reduction in OCDM system. Proposed Circular (6, 2) mapping scheme doesn’t require SI at the receiving end which results in increase in SE and data rate as compared to standard SLM technique. Random sequence with phase factors {1, −1} is used to generate the phase sequences for the proposed mapping scheme. Also, the analytical expression for SER of Circular (6, 2) mapping scheme over AWGN channel is derived. We have also evaluated the mathematical expression for SER of other possible quaternary to 8-QAM mapping schemes. Computer simulation using MATLAB are also carried out to investigate the performance of all these mapping schemes in terms of PAPR reduction performance as well as SER performance over AWGN and multipath Rayleigh fading channel. Proposed scheme achieves the same PAPR reduction and improved SER performance w.r.t. other six schemes taken into consideration.
{"title":"SLM based Circular (6, 2) mapping scheme with improved SER performance for PAPR reduction in OCDM without side information","authors":"Mohit Kumar Singh, Ashish Goel","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0299","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Like OFDM, OCDM signal also suffers from high PAPR. SLM is an attractive PAPR reduction method but it needs to transmit the information regarding phase sequence i.e. SI to the receiver, which results in reduction in SE and data rate. Various SLM based SI free and SI embedding schemes are available in the literature. In this paper, different possible quaternary to 8-QAM mapping schemes for SI free SLM based PAPR reduction in OCDM system are discussed. Moreover, a new mapping scheme to eliminate the SI requirement has also been presented in this manuscript for SLM based PAPR reduction in OCDM system. Proposed Circular (6, 2) mapping scheme doesn’t require SI at the receiving end which results in increase in SE and data rate as compared to standard SLM technique. Random sequence with phase factors {1, −1} is used to generate the phase sequences for the proposed mapping scheme. Also, the analytical expression for SER of Circular (6, 2) mapping scheme over AWGN channel is derived. We have also evaluated the mathematical expression for SER of other possible quaternary to 8-QAM mapping schemes. Computer simulation using MATLAB are also carried out to investigate the performance of all these mapping schemes in terms of PAPR reduction performance as well as SER performance over AWGN and multipath Rayleigh fading channel. Proposed scheme achieves the same PAPR reduction and improved SER performance w.r.t. other six schemes taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135091770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The objective of the work is to analyze the downlink signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), transmission rate, bit error rate (BER), and average BER in terms of the irradiance angle of the receiver’s orientation and incident light and transmitter-to-receiver separation distance. The research considered two Light Fidelity (LiFi) access points (APs) for this analysis in a smart classroom context. The work derived the best favorable irradiance angle in terms of transmitter–receiver separation at which user devices achieve the highest SINR and transmission rate considering both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) coverage areas. Moreover, the work analyzed SINR-based BER and average BER for the same communication scenario. The research derived that 47° to 50° irradiance angles of the receiver’s orientation and incident light offer the most favorable performance.
{"title":"User orientation and position-based transmission characteristics analysis of a LiFi system","authors":"M. Shariful Islam, Mobasshir Mahbub, Bobby Barua","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0260","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of the work is to analyze the downlink signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), transmission rate, bit error rate (BER), and average BER in terms of the irradiance angle of the receiver’s orientation and incident light and transmitter-to-receiver separation distance. The research considered two Light Fidelity (LiFi) access points (APs) for this analysis in a smart classroom context. The work derived the best favorable irradiance angle in terms of transmitter–receiver separation at which user devices achieve the highest SINR and transmission rate considering both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) coverage areas. Moreover, the work analyzed SINR-based BER and average BER for the same communication scenario. The research derived that 47° to 50° irradiance angles of the receiver’s orientation and incident light offer the most favorable performance.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramachandran Thandaiah Prabu, Josephine Pon Gloria Jeyaraj, Ramachandran Ashwini, Kavitha Balamurugan, Ramachandran Vidhya Muthulakshmi, Anvar Jayanthi, Hazem Hazem Ali Emam
Abstract This study presented the possibility of the hybrid cooperation between continuous wave laser (CW) laser and vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) laser operation performance signature for upgrading ultra high reach optical fiber systems. The total estimated lighted power spectrum configuration is simulated with wavelength ranges from 1.543 to 1.555 μm. Total estimated lighted power spectrum configuration is studied with spectral time variations. Total estimated lighted power spectrum is indicated and measured after fiber system length. The total electrical modulated signal amplitude spectrum variations are demonstrated with threshold value after receiver side. The total signal/noise modulated spectrum signal configuration is clarified with time after receiver side. Total estimated electronic power spectrum is measured and tested after receiver system. Also, the total estimated electronic power spectrum configuration is demonstrated with spectral frequency ranges from 200 to 800 GHz.
{"title":"Ultra high reach optical fiber systems based on CW laser and VCSEL laser operation performance signature","authors":"Ramachandran Thandaiah Prabu, Josephine Pon Gloria Jeyaraj, Ramachandran Ashwini, Kavitha Balamurugan, Ramachandran Vidhya Muthulakshmi, Anvar Jayanthi, Hazem Hazem Ali Emam","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0293","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study presented the possibility of the hybrid cooperation between continuous wave laser (CW) laser and vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) laser operation performance signature for upgrading ultra high reach optical fiber systems. The total estimated lighted power spectrum configuration is simulated with wavelength ranges from 1.543 to 1.555 μm. Total estimated lighted power spectrum configuration is studied with spectral time variations. Total estimated lighted power spectrum is indicated and measured after fiber system length. The total electrical modulated signal amplitude spectrum variations are demonstrated with threshold value after receiver side. The total signal/noise modulated spectrum signal configuration is clarified with time after receiver side. Total estimated electronic power spectrum is measured and tested after receiver system. Also, the total estimated electronic power spectrum configuration is demonstrated with spectral frequency ranges from 200 to 800 GHz.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135776675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, a comprehensive study of a multi-band optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OOFDM) system is investigated. Different OFDM indexes (128,256,512, and 1024) are utilized with the coherent detection CD technique. High-order modulation 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) is used to obtain high spectral efficiency. Transmission studies indicated that 128 subcarriers with 2-bands exhibit a higher optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of 23 dB with lower bit error rate (BER) of 1 × 10 −4 , while 1024 subcarriers with 8-bands shows a lower OSNR of 22 dB with a higher BER of 3 × 10 −3 . Even though the higher subcarrier type has the lowest BER, it provides a superior solution when combined with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in the presence of forward error correction (FEC). The performance of the system with 40 Gbps along 800 km of uncompensated fiber has designed and simulated using Optisystem software.
{"title":"<b>Design and performance investigation of a coherent optical system based </b> <b>multi-band</b> <b> OFDM with various indexes</b>","authors":"Fatimah Imad Dawood, Wael Abdul Hassan Hadi","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0237","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, a comprehensive study of a multi-band optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OOFDM) system is investigated. Different OFDM indexes (128,256,512, and 1024) are utilized with the coherent detection CD technique. High-order modulation 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) is used to obtain high spectral efficiency. Transmission studies indicated that 128 subcarriers with 2-bands exhibit a higher optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of 23 dB with lower bit error rate (BER) of 1 × 10 −4 , while 1024 subcarriers with 8-bands shows a lower OSNR of 22 dB with a higher BER of 3 × 10 −3 . Even though the higher subcarrier type has the lowest BER, it provides a superior solution when combined with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in the presence of forward error correction (FEC). The performance of the system with 40 Gbps along 800 km of uncompensated fiber has designed and simulated using Optisystem software.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract For high data rates and extended reach capabilities, communications networks need to be enhanced by employing passive optical networks (PONs). NG-PON plays a key role in achieving the modern demands. This paper proposed novel hybrid G-PON and XG-PON based robust long-haul Passive Optical Communication Network. In this proposed network hybrid semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and EDFA are used to enhance the system performance for downstream (D.S.) and upstream (U.S) signals transmission. This paper analyses a hybrid G-PON and XG-PON bi-directional optical fiber link up to length of 100-km with a 128 (1:64 and 1:64) way-splitter to increase the coverage area and to enhance the quality of transmitted data. The qualitative analysis of the proposed network shows an improved performance in terms of transmission distance, quality factor and eye-diagrams.
{"title":"Performance analysis of NGPON using hybrid GPON-XGPON based robust long-haul passive optical communication network","authors":"Rajbir Singh, Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0235","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For high data rates and extended reach capabilities, communications networks need to be enhanced by employing passive optical networks (PONs). NG-PON plays a key role in achieving the modern demands. This paper proposed novel hybrid G-PON and XG-PON based robust long-haul Passive Optical Communication Network. In this proposed network hybrid semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and EDFA are used to enhance the system performance for downstream (D.S.) and upstream (U.S) signals transmission. This paper analyses a hybrid G-PON and XG-PON bi-directional optical fiber link up to length of 100-km with a 128 (1:64 and 1:64) way-splitter to increase the coverage area and to enhance the quality of transmitted data. The qualitative analysis of the proposed network shows an improved performance in terms of transmission distance, quality factor and eye-diagrams.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems enhanced by red, green and blue (RGB) lasers are at the forefront of indoor technology, offering dynamic lighting, high-speed data transfer, and energy efficiency. This innovative combination not only revolutionizes connectivity and illumination but also ensures privacy and security, making it a game-changer for smart homes, offices, and various indoor applications. In our research, we introduce a polarization division multiplexing and Multiple Input Multiple Output based (PDM-MIMO) system that carries 60 Gbps of data over a transmission range of 500 m in free space Channels. The utilization of the cost-effective on-off key (OOK) modulation format is attributed to its affordability in our transmission scheme. For parallel data transmission, three laser diodes in RGB were utilized. To enhance both the transmission range and reduce the Bit Error Rate (BER), MIMO scheme is employed. Our study presents simulation outcomes, conducted using OptiSystemTM software, that focus on evaluating the bit error rates for the proposed PDM-MIMO link. Our findings demonstrate successful 60 Gbps data transmission over 350 m in FSO with an acceptable BER, reinforced by clear eye diagrams. Introducing MIMO expands the range to 500 m while improving BER, paving the way for real-time experimentation and research advancement.
{"title":"High speed 60 Gbps RGB laser based-FSOC link by incorporating hybrid PDM-MIMO scheme for indoor applications","authors":"Abhishek Sharma, Kuldeeep Singh, Jyoteesh Malhotra","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0295","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems enhanced by red, green and blue (RGB) lasers are at the forefront of indoor technology, offering dynamic lighting, high-speed data transfer, and energy efficiency. This innovative combination not only revolutionizes connectivity and illumination but also ensures privacy and security, making it a game-changer for smart homes, offices, and various indoor applications. In our research, we introduce a polarization division multiplexing and Multiple Input Multiple Output based (PDM-MIMO) system that carries 60 Gbps of data over a transmission range of 500 m in free space Channels. The utilization of the cost-effective on-off key (OOK) modulation format is attributed to its affordability in our transmission scheme. For parallel data transmission, three laser diodes in RGB were utilized. To enhance both the transmission range and reduce the Bit Error Rate (BER), MIMO scheme is employed. Our study presents simulation outcomes, conducted using OptiSystemTM software, that focus on evaluating the bit error rates for the proposed PDM-MIMO link. Our findings demonstrate successful 60 Gbps data transmission over 350 m in FSO with an acceptable BER, reinforced by clear eye diagrams. Introducing MIMO expands the range to 500 m while improving BER, paving the way for real-time experimentation and research advancement.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135217735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study has demonstrated the multimode parabolic index fibers integrated with spatiotemporal VCSEL sources for the optical fiber system improvement. Average radial intensity is clarified against fiber radius variations with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max base band Q factor form is demonstrated against the fiber refractive index step variations. The Max base band Q factor form variations are demonstrated against VCSEL diode bias current variations. The Max base band Q factor form variations are clarified against the fiber core radius variations. The Max base band Q factor form is simulated against the fiber cladding thickness variations. Multimode fiber calculation report at the wavelength 1550 nm for the light source (Pol. X = VCSEL LP [0,1]) is reported. The Max lighted base optical band form power is clarified versus time after parabolic index multimode fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max optical lighted base band power form is demonstrated against wavelength after parabolic index multimode fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max base Q band form factor is simulated after spatial APD photodetector receiver with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The fiber base band mode form intensity in x and d directions is demonstrated within the fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The fiber base band encircled flux form is studied and simulated versus fiber radius variations with 0.1 % refractive difference index step.
{"title":"Multimode parabolic index fiber integrated with spatiotemporal vertical cavity surface emitting laser sources for optical fiber system improvement","authors":"Anitha Gopalan, Chandran Ramesh Kumar, Sreeja Vijay, Merlin Livingston Louis Mary, Thankamony Devakhi Subha, Parimala Arumugam, Wafaa Fahim Hossam Zain","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0269","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study has demonstrated the multimode parabolic index fibers integrated with spatiotemporal VCSEL sources for the optical fiber system improvement. Average radial intensity is clarified against fiber radius variations with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max base band Q factor form is demonstrated against the fiber refractive index step variations. The Max base band Q factor form variations are demonstrated against VCSEL diode bias current variations. The Max base band Q factor form variations are clarified against the fiber core radius variations. The Max base band Q factor form is simulated against the fiber cladding thickness variations. Multimode fiber calculation report at the wavelength 1550 nm for the light source (Pol. X = VCSEL LP [0,1]) is reported. The Max lighted base optical band form power is clarified versus time after parabolic index multimode fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max optical lighted base band power form is demonstrated against wavelength after parabolic index multimode fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The Max base Q band form factor is simulated after spatial APD photodetector receiver with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The fiber base band mode form intensity in x and d directions is demonstrated within the fiber with 0.1 % refractive difference index step. The fiber base band encircled flux form is studied and simulated versus fiber radius variations with 0.1 % refractive difference index step.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study has simulated the high modulation laser systems integrated with hybrid pulse generators for high speed fiber transmission systems. The directly modulated laser with raised cosine/Gaussian pulse generators are employed for ultra-high data rates for modified multi band range applications. The total estimated light power after fiber cable system is demonstrated based on electro-absorption, phase, and single drive MZM measured modulators. The light base band signal and noise signal configuration is clarified after fiber cable system based on various proposed modulators. The degree of signal polarization configuration is studied after fiber cable system based on various modulators. Signal power level with Q, BER, signal eye height, and the total estimated electrical modulated signal power are evaluated after receiver system after receiver side based on proposed modulators.
{"title":"High modulation laser systems integrated with hybrid pulse generators for high speed fiber transmission systems","authors":"Ramachandran Thandaiah Prabu, Soman Shibu, Niranjana Siddharthan, Muniraj Murali, Suvitha Sundar, Nalini Neelamegam, Firoz Mostafa Ali","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0278","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study has simulated the high modulation laser systems integrated with hybrid pulse generators for high speed fiber transmission systems. The directly modulated laser with raised cosine/Gaussian pulse generators are employed for ultra-high data rates for modified multi band range applications. The total estimated light power after fiber cable system is demonstrated based on electro-absorption, phase, and single drive MZM measured modulators. The light base band signal and noise signal configuration is clarified after fiber cable system based on various proposed modulators. The degree of signal polarization configuration is studied after fiber cable system based on various modulators. Signal power level with Q, BER, signal eye height, and the total estimated electrical modulated signal power are evaluated after receiver system after receiver side based on proposed modulators.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract An optical analog to digital converter (OADC) comprises two main components: a nonlinear demultiplexer and an optical encoder. The nonlinear multiplexer converts the continuous input signal into three quantized discrete levels, while the optical encoder generates standard two-bit codes according to the different quantized levels. The optical Kerr effect is used to perform this process. For this purpose, several nonlinear rods that form a ring resonator are placed in the multiplexer. It can be said that their optical behavior can be controlled by light intensity. In this paper, analog to digital photonic crystal converters is investigated. The main purpose of this study is to provide designs that lead to the design of ADCs with high speed, small dimensions, high accuracy, and maximum sampling rate.
{"title":"Recent advances in photonic crystal based all-optical analog to digital converter: a review","authors":"Fariborz Parandin, Mohamadreza Jomour, Reza Kamarian, Morteza Gholipour, Naser Mahtabi, Asghar Askarian","doi":"10.1515/joc-2023-0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2023-0199","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An optical analog to digital converter (OADC) comprises two main components: a nonlinear demultiplexer and an optical encoder. The nonlinear multiplexer converts the continuous input signal into three quantized discrete levels, while the optical encoder generates standard two-bit codes according to the different quantized levels. The optical Kerr effect is used to perform this process. For this purpose, several nonlinear rods that form a ring resonator are placed in the multiplexer. It can be said that their optical behavior can be controlled by light intensity. In this paper, analog to digital photonic crystal converters is investigated. The main purpose of this study is to provide designs that lead to the design of ADCs with high speed, small dimensions, high accuracy, and maximum sampling rate.","PeriodicalId":16675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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