Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100722
Vu Minh Ngo , Hang Thuy Thi Le , Ngoc Thuy Vuong
Human-like AI systems increasingly interact with users as partners, but it is still unclear how perceived human-likeness leads to adoption and when transparency helps or dilutes that effect. We propose a sequential moderated-mediation model in which social presence (perceived human-likeness) increases certainty, certainty increases trust, and trust increases intention to use the system. Transparency is expected to weaken the social presence-to-certainty link. We tested the model in an online 2 × 3 × 2 between-subjects experiment that varied agency locus (human-programmed vs. AI-agency), transparency (none vs. placebo vs. genuine explanation), and decision context (fake-news verification vs. friending suggestions). Data from 491 U.S. adults recruited via Qualtrics Panels were analyzed with structural equation modelling and robustness checks using a propensity-score matched sample (N = 373). Results support the serial mechanism: the indirect effect of social presence on use intention through certainty and trust was significant (β = 0.124, p < .001). Transparency significantly dampened this pathway (moderated-mediation index = −0.093, p = .018), with the conditional indirect effect declining from 0.351 at low transparency to 0.166 at high transparency. These findings show that human-like cues mainly work by reducing uncertainty, but their value depends on how transparent the system is, offering guidance for designing AI partners.
{"title":"Adoption in human-like AI system: A moderated-mediation approach","authors":"Vu Minh Ngo , Hang Thuy Thi Le , Ngoc Thuy Vuong","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human-like AI systems increasingly interact with users as partners, but it is still unclear how perceived human-likeness leads to adoption and when transparency helps or dilutes that effect. We propose a sequential moderated-mediation model in which social presence (perceived human-likeness) increases certainty, certainty increases trust, and trust increases intention to use the system. Transparency is expected to weaken the social presence-to-certainty link. We tested the model in an online 2 × 3 × 2 between-subjects experiment that varied agency locus (human-programmed vs. AI-agency), transparency (none vs. placebo vs. genuine explanation), and decision context (fake-news verification vs. friending suggestions). Data from 491 U.S. adults recruited via Qualtrics Panels were analyzed with structural equation modelling and robustness checks using a propensity-score matched sample (N = 373). Results support the serial mechanism: the indirect effect of social presence on use intention through certainty and trust was significant (β = 0.124, p < .001). Transparency significantly dampened this pathway (moderated-mediation index = −0.093, p = .018), with the conditional indirect effect declining from 0.351 at low transparency to 0.166 at high transparency. These findings show that human-like cues mainly work by reducing uncertainty, but their value depends on how transparent the system is, offering guidance for designing AI partners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100720
Chung Jen Fu Dr (Professor) , I-Tung Shih Dr (Associate Professor) , Khishigtogtokh Baljir Dr (Senior Teacher) , Shinetsetseg Jargalsaikhan Dr (Project Teacher)
Sustainability has become a critical paradigm in consumer behavior; however, the mechanism through which personal cultural values translate into consumer-perceived value via sustainability perceptions remains underexplored. Grounded in the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) framework, this study investigates the mediating role of perceived sustainability—encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions—in the relationship between personal cultural values (self-enhancement and conservation) and consumer-perceived value (functional, epistemic, conditional). Data from 515 Mongolian consumers were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that both self-enhancement and conservation values significantly influence sustainability perceptions, with conservation exhibiting a stronger and more consistent effect (β = 0.367–0.432, *p* < 0.001). Perceived sustainability, in turn, positively affects consumer value, with economic sustainability having the most substantial impact (e.g., on functional value, β = 0.488, *p* < 0.001). A key finding reveals that social sustainability does not significantly influence conditional value. Mediation analysis confirms the significant role of perceived sustainability as a mediator, with conservation values demonstrating robust indirect effects on all value dimensions, while self-enhancement shows only partial mediation. These findings extend VBN theory into a consumer context and provide managers with actionable insights for designing culturally-attuned sustainability strategies that enhance consumer value.
{"title":"Linking personal cultural values to consumer value perception through perceived sustainability","authors":"Chung Jen Fu Dr (Professor) , I-Tung Shih Dr (Associate Professor) , Khishigtogtokh Baljir Dr (Senior Teacher) , Shinetsetseg Jargalsaikhan Dr (Project Teacher)","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainability has become a critical paradigm in consumer behavior; however, the mechanism through which personal cultural values translate into consumer-perceived value via sustainability perceptions remains underexplored. Grounded in the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) framework, this study investigates the mediating role of perceived sustainability—encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions—in the relationship between personal cultural values (self-enhancement and conservation) and consumer-perceived value (functional, epistemic, conditional). Data from 515 Mongolian consumers were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that both self-enhancement and conservation values significantly influence sustainability perceptions, with conservation exhibiting a stronger and more consistent effect (β = 0.367–0.432, *p* < 0.001). Perceived sustainability, in turn, positively affects consumer value, with economic sustainability having the most substantial impact (e.g., on functional value, β = 0.488, *p* < 0.001). A key finding reveals that social sustainability does not significantly influence conditional value. Mediation analysis confirms the significant role of perceived sustainability as a mediator, with conservation values demonstrating robust indirect effects on all value dimensions, while self-enhancement shows only partial mediation. These findings extend VBN theory into a consumer context and provide managers with actionable insights for designing culturally-attuned sustainability strategies that enhance consumer value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100721
Nazym T. Tulebayeva , Zhanna T. Kozhamkulova , Taşkın Dirsehan
Purpose
This study examines how channel integration quality influences consumer behavior—specifically satisfaction, purchase intentions, and brand loyalty—in omnichannel and multi-channel retail environments. It aims to highlight cross-country differences by comparing the Turkish and Kazakhstani markets.
Design/methodology/approach
Grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework, the study uses survey data collected from 402 consumers in Turkey and Kazakhstan. Channel integration quality is operationalized through service channel configuration and interaction consistency. Structural equation modeling is used to assess the proposed relationships.
Findings
Results reveal significant differences across countries. In Kazakhstan, channel integration quality strongly influences customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, supporting the value of seamless omnichannel experiences. In contrast, Turkish consumers show no significant association between channel integration quality and satisfaction, suggesting that mobile applications operate more as standalone channels rather than as part of an integrated system.
Originality/value
This study provides cross-market insights into the effects of channel integration quality, contributing to omnichannel retailing literature by uncovering how cultural and technological contexts shape consumer responses in different countries. It highlights the importance of localized omnichannel strategies to drive customer satisfaction and brand loyalty.
{"title":"The role of channel integration quality in shaping consumer behavior in omnichannel and multi-channel retail","authors":"Nazym T. Tulebayeva , Zhanna T. Kozhamkulova , Taşkın Dirsehan","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines how channel integration quality influences consumer behavior—specifically satisfaction, purchase intentions, and brand loyalty—in omnichannel and multi-channel retail environments. It aims to highlight cross-country differences by comparing the Turkish and Kazakhstani markets.</div></div><div><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><div>Grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework, the study uses survey data collected from 402 consumers in Turkey and Kazakhstan. Channel integration quality is operationalized through service channel configuration and interaction consistency. Structural equation modeling is used to assess the proposed relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Results reveal significant differences across countries. In Kazakhstan, channel integration quality strongly influences customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, supporting the value of seamless omnichannel experiences. In contrast, Turkish consumers show no significant association between channel integration quality and satisfaction, suggesting that mobile applications operate more as standalone channels rather than as part of an integrated system.</div></div><div><h3>Originality/value</h3><div>This study provides cross-market insights into the effects of channel integration quality, contributing to omnichannel retailing literature by uncovering how cultural and technological contexts shape consumer responses in different countries. It highlights the importance of localized omnichannel strategies to drive customer satisfaction and brand loyalty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100719
K. Priyanka , V. Murale , Suparna Ray , Raghu Raman
The post-2008 and COVID-19 eras have witnessed a global proliferation of ‘zombie’ firms as economically unviable entities sustained by policy distortions and financial misallocations. While scholarly attention has increased, research remains theoretically fragmented and disconnected from sustainability parameters. Our study systematically reviews the literature on zombie firms through the lens of the ‘sustainability paradox,’ underscoring the potential trade-off between short-term macroeconomic stability — often maintained through satisficing survival strategies — and long-term open innovation-driven adaptability, productivity growth, and resource efficiency. By integrating the Antecedents-Decisions-Outcomes (ADO) and Theories-Contexts-Methods (TCM) frameworks, we analyze how government, creditors, and managerial decisions perpetuate zombification, undermining the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). Our findings reveal that zombie firms emerge not only from market failure but also as systemic artefacts of institutional lock-ins, regulatory ambiguity, political entrenchment, and strategic inertia. While some policies provide temporary stability, they inadvertently hinder structural innovation and environmental transition. We identify critical research gaps across antecedents (e.g., bankruptcy resolution lags, ESG adoption), decision ecosystems (e.g., behavioural biases, legal incentives), and outcomes (e.g., innovation suppression, financial exclusion), and propose future research directions that involve dynamic modelling, machine learning, and causal inference. This study contributes to paradox theory by framing zombification as a sustainability tension, not a statistical anomaly. It offers an interdisciplinary agenda that links firm behaviour, regulatory systems, and sustainability trade-offs and provides actionable insights for policymakers and managers to recalibrate support schemes. We call for a paradigmatic shift to retheorize zombie persistence, as systemic inertia impedes SDG attainment.
{"title":"The sustainability paradox: Unveiling zombie firms' influence on sustainable development goals through the ADO-TCM framework","authors":"K. Priyanka , V. Murale , Suparna Ray , Raghu Raman","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The post-2008 and COVID-19 eras have witnessed a global proliferation of ‘zombie’ firms as economically unviable entities sustained by policy distortions and financial misallocations. While scholarly attention has increased, research remains theoretically fragmented and disconnected from sustainability parameters. Our study systematically reviews the literature on zombie firms through the lens of the ‘sustainability paradox,’ underscoring the potential trade-off between short-term macroeconomic stability — often maintained through satisficing survival strategies — and long-term open innovation-driven adaptability, productivity growth, and resource efficiency. By integrating the Antecedents-Decisions-Outcomes (ADO) and Theories-Contexts-Methods (TCM) frameworks, we analyze how government, creditors, and managerial decisions perpetuate zombification, undermining the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). Our findings reveal that zombie firms emerge not only from market failure but also as systemic artefacts of institutional lock-ins, regulatory ambiguity, political entrenchment, and strategic inertia. While some policies provide temporary stability, they inadvertently hinder structural innovation and environmental transition. We identify critical research gaps across antecedents (e.g., bankruptcy resolution lags, ESG adoption), decision ecosystems (e.g., behavioural biases, legal incentives), and outcomes (e.g., innovation suppression, financial exclusion), and propose future research directions that involve dynamic modelling, machine learning, and causal inference. This study contributes to paradox theory by framing zombification as a sustainability tension, not a statistical anomaly. It offers an interdisciplinary agenda that links firm behaviour, regulatory systems, and sustainability trade-offs and provides actionable insights for policymakers and managers to recalibrate support schemes. We call for a paradigmatic shift to retheorize zombie persistence, as systemic inertia impedes SDG attainment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100718
Zainal Arifin , Singgih Dwi Prasetyo , Yuki Trisnoaji , Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli
The urgency for global decarbonization emphasizes the need for sustainable energy solutions to support the growth of electric vehicles (EVs). This study evaluates the techno-economic and environmental feasibility of an on-grid hybrid photovoltaic–biogas system for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) in Surakarta, Indonesia. A meta-analysis of 50 studies from 2023 to 2025 was conducted, revealing that hybrid PV–biogas–EV systems achieve an average Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) of USD 0.098/kWh, with emissions reductions ranging from 63.82 % to 100 %. Simulation results indicated that the on-grid configuration produced 977.68 MWh annually, with a Net Present Cost (NPC) of approximately USD 0.85 million and an LCOE of about USD 0.03/kWh, outperforming the off-grid alternative. The on-grid system demonstrated an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 35.5 % and a Return on Investment (ROI) of 28.2 %. Additionally, the annual carbon emissions were significantly reduced to 454,362 kg CO₂ compared to conventional diesel systems. Overall, integrating PV–biogas energy into EVCS presents a reliable, economically competitive, and sustainable model to accelerate the clean energy transition in tropical regions.
全球脱碳的紧迫性强调了需要可持续能源解决方案来支持电动汽车（ev）的增长。本研究评估了印尼苏拉塔市电动汽车充电站（EVCS）的并网混合光伏-沼气系统的技术经济和环境可行性。对2023年至2025年的50项研究进行的荟萃分析显示，混合动力光伏-沼气-电动汽车系统的平均平均电力成本（LCOE）为0.098美元/千瓦时，减排幅度为63.82% %至100% %。仿真结果表明，并网配置的年发电量为977.68兆瓦时，净当前成本（NPC）约为85万美元，LCOE约为0.03美元/千瓦时，优于离网配置。并网系统的内部收益率（IRR）为35.5% %，投资回报率（ROI）为28.2% %。此外，与传统柴油系统相比，年碳排放量显著减少至454,362 kg CO₂。总体而言，将光伏-沼气能源整合到EVCS中，为加速热带地区的清洁能源转型提供了一种可靠、具有经济竞争力和可持续的模式。
{"title":"Integrating clean mobility with renewable energy: Techno-economic and environmental feasibility of on-grid hybrid photovoltaic–biogas systems","authors":"Zainal Arifin , Singgih Dwi Prasetyo , Yuki Trisnoaji , Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgency for global decarbonization emphasizes the need for sustainable energy solutions to support the growth of electric vehicles (EVs). This study evaluates the techno-economic and environmental feasibility of an on-grid hybrid photovoltaic–biogas system for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) in Surakarta, Indonesia. A meta-analysis of 50 studies from 2023 to 2025 was conducted, revealing that hybrid PV–biogas–EV systems achieve an average Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) of USD 0.098/kWh, with emissions reductions ranging from 63.82 % to 100 %. Simulation results indicated that the on-grid configuration produced 977.68 MWh annually, with a Net Present Cost (NPC) of approximately USD 0.85 million and an LCOE of about USD 0.03/kWh, outperforming the off-grid alternative. The on-grid system demonstrated an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 35.5 % and a Return on Investment (ROI) of 28.2 %. Additionally, the annual carbon emissions were significantly reduced to 454,362 kg CO₂ compared to conventional diesel systems. Overall, integrating PV–biogas energy into EVCS presents a reliable, economically competitive, and sustainable model to accelerate the clean energy transition in tropical regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100715
Alona Bahmanova, Natalja Lace
This study examines how collaborative open innovation mechanisms can enhance cyber resilience in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating under increasing digital risk and resource constraints. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study integrates a systematic literature review (SLR) with semi-structured expert interviews conducted across 14 European SMEs. The SLR identifies six interrelated dimensions shaping SME cyber resilience: technological, human, organizational, financial, regulatory, and collaborative, which form the analytical foundation of the study. Empirical insights from interviews validate these dimensions, reveal persistent maturity gaps, and highlight the critical role of collaboration in compensating for limited internal capabilities. The findings demonstrate that cyber resilience in SMEs is not solely a firm-level capability but emerges through shared learning, collective governance, and open innovation within business ecosystems. Based on the integrated evidence, the study develops the concept of Collaborative Cyber Resilience (CCR), extending existing cybersecurity and resilience frameworks by emphasizing operational collaboration as a strategic resilience mechanism. The study contributes to open innovation and cyber resilience literature by offering a structured, empirically grounded framework and provides practical implications for SME managers and policymakers seeking to strengthen resilience through collaborative approaches.
{"title":"Key factors shaping collaborative cyber resilience in SMEs through open innovation","authors":"Alona Bahmanova, Natalja Lace","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how collaborative open innovation mechanisms can enhance cyber resilience in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating under increasing digital risk and resource constraints. Employing a mixed-method research design, the study integrates a systematic literature review (SLR) with semi-structured expert interviews conducted across 14 European SMEs. The SLR identifies six interrelated dimensions shaping SME cyber resilience: technological, human, organizational, financial, regulatory, and collaborative, which form the analytical foundation of the study. Empirical insights from interviews validate these dimensions, reveal persistent maturity gaps, and highlight the critical role of collaboration in compensating for limited internal capabilities. The findings demonstrate that cyber resilience in SMEs is not solely a firm-level capability but emerges through shared learning, collective governance, and open innovation within business ecosystems. Based on the integrated evidence, the study develops the concept of Collaborative Cyber Resilience (CCR), extending existing cybersecurity and resilience frameworks by emphasizing operational collaboration as a strategic resilience mechanism. The study contributes to open innovation and cyber resilience literature by offering a structured, empirically grounded framework and provides practical implications for SME managers and policymakers seeking to strengthen resilience through collaborative approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100709
Salitha Nair Subramanian , Saeed Banihashemi
This study investigates how leadership styles influence innovation within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Singapore’s precision engineering sector—a key industry aligned with the national Smart Nation Vision. Employing a mixed methods design, the research integrates qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with quantitative data derived from a structured survey of 128 employees. The qualitative findings show strong convergence between senior managers and engineers on the importance of open communication, empowerment, teamwork, and transparency. Thematic analysis also showed that leaders who balance stability with change, and who encourage experimentation, were perceived as most effective at supporting innovation. The results demonstrated that innovation leadership significantly predicts organizational innovation, while expertise-based and inspirational leadership show no significant impact. One-way ANOVA confirms that firms led by innovative leaders exhibit higher levels of innovation than those under traditional leadership styles. The findings highlight the importance of hybrid leadership approaches—transformational, adaptive, and technical—to foster innovation and organizational adaptability in Singapore’s hierarchical business culture. Practical implications include recommendations for leadership development programs targeting emotional intelligence, communication, and mentoring. The study provides insights and guidance for policymakers and practitioners aiming to strengthen SEMs innovation capacity through targeted leadership and talent development initiatives.
{"title":"How leadership shapes innovation in high-power-distance SMEs: Mixed methods evidence from Singapore’s precision engineering sector","authors":"Salitha Nair Subramanian , Saeed Banihashemi","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how leadership styles influence innovation within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Singapore’s precision engineering sector—a key industry aligned with the national Smart Nation Vision. Employing a mixed methods design, the research integrates qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews and focus groups with quantitative data derived from a structured survey of 128 employees. The qualitative findings show strong convergence between senior managers and engineers on the importance of open communication, empowerment, teamwork, and transparency. Thematic analysis also showed that leaders who balance stability with change, and who encourage experimentation, were perceived as most effective at supporting innovation. The results demonstrated that innovation leadership significantly predicts organizational innovation, while expertise-based and inspirational leadership show no significant impact. One-way ANOVA confirms that firms led by innovative leaders exhibit higher levels of innovation than those under traditional leadership styles. The findings highlight the importance of hybrid leadership approaches—transformational, adaptive, and technical—to foster innovation and organizational adaptability in Singapore’s hierarchical business culture. Practical implications include recommendations for leadership development programs targeting emotional intelligence, communication, and mentoring. The study provides insights and guidance for policymakers and practitioners aiming to strengthen SEMs innovation capacity through targeted leadership and talent development initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100716
Noushin Mohammadian , Omid Fatahi Valilai
Addressing global environmental challenges necessitates an imperative shift in behavioural change and citizen engagement. This study centres on the integration of social media with Large Language Model (LLM) functionalities, sufficiently efficient in generating content relevant to the targeted audience, as a potential complement to influencer mediated content. This research paradigm is anchored in zero pollution initiatives and formulates a strategy for the semi-automated of engagement development by amalgamating social media intelligence, behavioural assessment, and content creation facilitated by LLM technology. This model encourages how LLM based behavioural assessment can support zero-pollution efforts by utilizing social media engagement in a targeted manner. This framework aids in scalability by measuring the associated outcomes and ensuring alignment with semantic interoperability models. The research further stipulates possible potentials of LLMs for contributing to social media activities by generating draft content or through responding to comments made, this allows the generation of adaptable and engaging campaigns. This is encouraged that the role of LLMs as complement influencer roles in certain contexts, potentially allowing for greater environmental advocacy should be investigated, helping overcome engagement barriers and encouraging citizen activism. Finally, this study describes the influence of LLMs in the creation of environmentally sustainable operations in urban areas and gaining public acceptance in policy considering LLM potential capabilities to provide supportive tools for timely and efficient changes and also discuss the challenges and limitations which can open the horizon for future studies.
{"title":"Beyond influencers: Leveraging large language models for dynamic content generation and citizen interaction in environmental campaigns","authors":"Noushin Mohammadian , Omid Fatahi Valilai","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing global environmental challenges necessitates an imperative shift in behavioural change and citizen engagement. This study centres on the integration of social media with Large Language Model (LLM) functionalities, sufficiently efficient in generating content relevant to the targeted audience, as a potential complement to influencer mediated content. This research paradigm is anchored in zero pollution initiatives and formulates a strategy for the semi-automated of engagement development by amalgamating social media intelligence, behavioural assessment, and content creation facilitated by LLM technology. This model encourages how LLM based behavioural assessment can support zero-pollution efforts by utilizing social media engagement in a targeted manner. This framework aids in scalability by measuring the associated outcomes and ensuring alignment with semantic interoperability models. The research further stipulates possible potentials of LLMs for contributing to social media activities by generating draft content or through responding to comments made, this allows the generation of adaptable and engaging campaigns. This is encouraged that the role of LLMs as complement influencer roles in certain contexts, potentially allowing for greater environmental advocacy should be investigated, helping overcome engagement barriers and encouraging citizen activism. Finally, this study describes the influence of LLMs in the creation of environmentally sustainable operations in urban areas and gaining public acceptance in policy considering LLM potential capabilities to provide supportive tools for timely and efficient changes and also discuss the challenges and limitations which can open the horizon for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2026.100717
Anupam Dutta
The association between cryptocurrency and sustainability is a complex and growing topic. Given that such linkage requires a continuous investigation, this empirical research, unlike the existing literature, explores if the volatility dynamics of digital assets are driven by the changes in sustainability uncertainty. In doing so, we use a recently developed ESG-based sustainability uncertainty index (ESGUI) and examine its effect on the volatility dynamics of Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs. Employing the mixed data sampling (MIDAS) approach shows that ESGUI exerts a negative effect on the realized volatility of cryptocurrency markets. One possible explanation for this linkage is that as sustainability-related uncertainty rises, investors tend to adopt sustainability practices and initiatives. This shift towards sustainable practices can result in more consistent and foreseeable long-term economic conditions, thereby reducing the volatility of financial markets including the digital asset class. Our analysis offers key implications to cryptocurrency investors.
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Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100714
Ahmed W. Alam , Ashupta Farjana , Reza Houston
This paper studies the impact of energy security risk on corporate innovation and whether and how powerful chief executive officers (CEOs) influence such effects. Based on a sample of U.S. energy firms, the empirical findings suggest that energy security risk significantly impedes firms’ research and development (R&D) intensity, an effect that is more pronounced for firms with financial constraints. Eventually, reduced access to debt capital appears to be a potential channel mechanism. Firms with powerful CEOs innovate more in times of low energy security. The CEO-influence persists in the long run and remains resilient to using alternative proxies and matched samples. Powerful CEOs help enhance firm performance through such innovative efforts following years of high energy insecurity.
{"title":"Energy (in)security, CEO power, and corporate innovation","authors":"Ahmed W. Alam , Ashupta Farjana , Reza Houston","doi":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the impact of energy security risk on corporate innovation and whether and how powerful chief executive officers (CEOs) influence such effects. Based on a sample of U.S. energy firms, the empirical findings suggest that energy security risk significantly impedes firms’ research and development (R&D) intensity, an effect that is more pronounced for firms with financial constraints. Eventually, reduced access to debt capital appears to be a potential channel mechanism. Firms with powerful CEOs innovate more in times of low energy security. The CEO-influence persists in the long run and remains resilient to using alternative proxies and matched samples. Powerful CEOs help enhance firm performance through such innovative efforts following years of high energy insecurity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16678,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity","volume":"12 1","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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