COVID-19, the first pandemic experienced in the current generation, results various physical and mental stress and stigma. Stress (Korean version of the stress perception scale), anxiety and depression (hospital anxiety depression scale) and stigma was evaluated from the 20 patients recovered from the initial pandemic period, during February to March 2020. The average age was 51.3 (± 8.26) years old. The average hospital and therapeutic living center admission period was 26.8 (± 5.24) days, and the average period after discharge was 19.4 (± 4.33) days. The severity of the symptoms was 3 (15%) asymptomatic, 13 (65%) mild, and 4 (20%) severe (pneumonia). The average score on the perceive stress scale was 19.6 (± 6.52) and 65% (13/20) perceived moderate or severe stress status. The average score for hospital anxiety depression was 15.0 (± 5.45) points, the average score for anxiety was 6.6 ± 3.25 points, and the average score for depression was 8.4 (± 3.86). The average stigma score was 79.6 (± 16.16) points. Post-recovery patients from COVID-19 was perceived significant stress, experiencing anxiety, depression, and stigma in early pandemic period.
{"title":"Post-recovery Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Stigma in Early COVID-19 Pandemic Patients","authors":"Daehyun Kim","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2022.00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00080","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19, the first pandemic experienced in the current generation, results various physical and mental stress and stigma. Stress (Korean version of the stress perception scale), anxiety and depression (hospital anxiety depression scale) and stigma was evaluated from the 20 patients recovered from the initial pandemic period, during February to March 2020. The average age was 51.3 (± 8.26) years old. The average hospital and therapeutic living center admission period was 26.8 (± 5.24) days, and the average period after discharge was 19.4 (± 4.33) days. The severity of the symptoms was 3 (15%) asymptomatic, 13 (65%) mild, and 4 (20%) severe (pneumonia). The average score on the perceive stress scale was 19.6 (± 6.52) and 65% (13/20) perceived moderate or severe stress status. The average score for hospital anxiety depression was 15.0 (± 5.45) points, the average score for anxiety was 6.6 ± 3.25 points, and the average score for depression was 8.4 (± 3.86). The average stigma score was 79.6 (± 16.16) points. Post-recovery patients from COVID-19 was perceived significant stress, experiencing anxiety, depression, and stigma in early pandemic period.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121858254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
De novo methylation is occurred frequently during the early embryogenesis and is faithfully copied following DNA replication at each cell cycle [1]. DNA methylation is involved in many embryonic developments, biological processes, and cell differentiation [2]. The dysregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and subsequent aberrant DNA methylation is a key feature of human malignancies [3,4]. DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are the enzymatic players of DNA methylation [1,2]. DNMT3B overexpression is frequently found in tumors, especially in 30% of breast cancers [5,6]. And it result into variation in the targeting efficiency and abnormal catalytic activity contributing to cancer development and progression. Therefore, DNMT3B may act as an oncogene, and its overexpression induces an unfavorable prognosis [3-6]. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a majority of human cancers in worldwide, and is a leading cause of death in Korea [7,8]. Recent studies about HCC showed an alteration of DNA methylation by dysregulation of DNMT3B [9,10]. Yu et al. described that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) regulates DNMT3B expression in HCC and their co-operation may predict a poorer prognosis [11]. Recent advances in genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing have made it possible to identify the genetic characteristics of cancer. Large-scale cancer genome studies such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) used to investigate genes in different cancer types [12]. However, clinicopathopISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00045 Original Article
新生甲基化经常发生在胚胎发生早期，并在每个细胞周期中忠实地复制DNA复制[1]。DNA甲基化参与了许多胚胎发育、生物过程和细胞分化[2]。DNA甲基转移酶(dnmt)的失调和随后的DNA甲基化异常是人类恶性肿瘤的一个关键特征[3,4]。DNMT1、DNMT3A和DNMT3B是DNA甲基化的酶参与者[1,2]。肿瘤中经常发现DNMT3B过表达，尤其是在30%的乳腺癌中[5,6]。它导致靶向效率的变化和催化活性的异常，从而导致癌症的发生和发展。因此，DNMT3B可能作为一种致癌基因，其过表达可导致不良预后[3-6]。肝细胞癌(HCC)是世界范围内大多数人类癌症，也是韩国的主要死亡原因[7,8]。最近关于HCC的研究表明，DNA甲基化通过DNMT3B的失调而发生改变[9,10]。Yu等研究发现，端粒酶逆转录酶(TERT)调节HCC中DNMT3B的表达，二者的协同作用可能预示较差的预后[11]。利用新一代测序技术进行基因组分析的最新进展使鉴定癌症的遗传特征成为可能。大规模的癌症基因组研究，如癌症基因组图谱(The cancer genome Atlas, TCGA)，用于研究不同癌症类型的基因[12]。然而，clinicopathopISSN 2092-8335·eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub预印]https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00045原创文章
{"title":"Clinical and Prognostic Values of DNMT3B Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Jongwan Kim, Jae-Hee Park, Jae-Ho Lee","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2022.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00045","url":null,"abstract":"De novo methylation is occurred frequently during the early embryogenesis and is faithfully copied following DNA replication at each cell cycle [1]. DNA methylation is involved in many embryonic developments, biological processes, and cell differentiation [2]. The dysregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and subsequent aberrant DNA methylation is a key feature of human malignancies [3,4]. DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are the enzymatic players of DNA methylation [1,2]. DNMT3B overexpression is frequently found in tumors, especially in 30% of breast cancers [5,6]. And it result into variation in the targeting efficiency and abnormal catalytic activity contributing to cancer development and progression. Therefore, DNMT3B may act as an oncogene, and its overexpression induces an unfavorable prognosis [3-6]. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a majority of human cancers in worldwide, and is a leading cause of death in Korea [7,8]. Recent studies about HCC showed an alteration of DNA methylation by dysregulation of DNMT3B [9,10]. Yu et al. described that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) regulates DNMT3B expression in HCC and their co-operation may predict a poorer prognosis [11]. Recent advances in genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing have made it possible to identify the genetic characteristics of cancer. Large-scale cancer genome studies such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) used to investigate genes in different cancer types [12]. However, clinicopathopISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00045 Original Article","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123419827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rate has recently risen, various cutaneous adverse events have been reported. We report on a 75-year-old woman who developed leukocytoclastic vasculitis after the first dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer, United States of America) vaccine. The cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis can be idiopathic or secondary to medications, infections, connective tissue disor-ders, and malignancy. Developing and exacerbation of leukocytoclastic vasculitis has been reported following vaccinations such as influenza, hepatitis B virus, and bacil-lus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. The pathogenesis might involve hyperactivation of the immune system secondary to cross-reactivity and molecular mimicry between the virus and self-antigens. As it is important to consider COVID-19 vaccine as a cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, we report a case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"A Case of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"Y. Ryoo, Yu-Sin Kim, Ji-Min Yun, Sung-Ae Kim","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2022.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2022.00010","url":null,"abstract":"As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rate has recently risen, various cutaneous adverse events have been reported. We report on a 75-year-old woman who developed leukocytoclastic vasculitis after the first dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer, United States of America) vaccine. The cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis can be idiopathic or secondary to medications, infections, connective tissue disor-ders, and malignancy. Developing and exacerbation of leukocytoclastic vasculitis has been reported following vaccinations such as influenza, hepatitis B virus, and bacil-lus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. The pathogenesis might involve hyperactivation of the immune system secondary to cross-reactivity and molecular mimicry between the virus and self-antigens. As it is important to consider COVID-19 vaccine as a cause of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, we report a case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116753750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Won-Young Jang, Seung Wan Kim, Jin-Wook Lee, J. Y. Lee
The most common cause of noncardiogenic chest pain is gastroesophageal reflux disease, and other esophageal motility disorders are also frequent. Esophageal manometry is important for diagnosing esophageal motility disease. Recently, high resolution manometry (HRM) has emerged and is reported to be more useful than conventional esophageal manometry in evaluating primary esophageal motility disease. In this study, the role and usefulness of HRM in noncardiac chest pain were investigated. From August 2018 to April 2021, 136 patients with chest pain were enrolled. Classification was carried out according to Chicago classification version 3.0, and 95 out of 136 patients showed normal findings, and 23 patients showed ineffective esophageal motility. When gastroesophageal reflux disease was classified according to Los Angeles (LA) classification, LA-M was 20% (6/30), LA-A was 63.3% (19/30), LA-B was 16.6% (5/30), and LA-C was, there were no patients with LA-D. Through this study, it was confirmed that about 22% of patients with noncardiogenic chest pain had reflux esophagitis, and about 30% of patients had esophageal motility disease. High-resolution esophageal manometry appears to be useful for the differentiation of noncardiogenic chest pain caused by esophageal motility disorders other than reflux esophagitis. After diagnosis of esophageal motor disease, follow-up studies on whether non-cardiac chest pain improves after drug treatment is required.
{"title":"The Role of High Resolution Manometry in Non-Cardiac Chest Pain","authors":"Won-Young Jang, Seung Wan Kim, Jin-Wook Lee, J. Y. Lee","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00178","url":null,"abstract":"The most common cause of noncardiogenic chest pain is gastroesophageal reflux disease, and other esophageal motility disorders are also frequent. Esophageal manometry is important for diagnosing esophageal motility disease. Recently, high resolution manometry (HRM) has emerged and is reported to be more useful than conventional esophageal manometry in evaluating primary esophageal motility disease. In this study, the role and usefulness of HRM in noncardiac chest pain were investigated. From August 2018 to April 2021, 136 patients with chest pain were enrolled. Classification was carried out according to Chicago classification version 3.0, and 95 out of 136 patients showed normal findings, and 23 patients showed ineffective esophageal motility. When gastroesophageal reflux disease was classified according to Los Angeles (LA) classification, LA-M was 20% (6/30), LA-A was 63.3% (19/30), LA-B was 16.6% (5/30), and LA-C was, there were no patients with LA-D. Through this study, it was confirmed that about 22% of patients with noncardiogenic chest pain had reflux esophagitis, and about 30% of patients had esophageal motility disease. High-resolution esophageal manometry appears to be useful for the differentiation of noncardiogenic chest pain caused by esophageal motility disorders other than reflux esophagitis. After diagnosis of esophageal motor disease, follow-up studies on whether non-cardiac chest pain improves after drug treatment is required.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116874060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung-Hwa Lee, S. Ahn, Bongyoung Kim, Jaehyuk Lee, Dae-Hyun Kim
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is necessary to prevent infection, morbidity, and mortality. In addition to the usual post-inoculation hypersensitivity reactions including headaches, muscle and joint pain, and fever, especially after the second shot, the mRNA vaccine has risk of inflammation in the heart and heart lining of some recipients, mostly younger people. And the adenovirus vector vaccine can induce rare immune thrombocytopenia. Vaccination should be encouraged according to the information about the effectiveness and safety in individual situation.
{"title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine","authors":"Seung-Hwa Lee, S. Ahn, Bongyoung Kim, Jaehyuk Lee, Dae-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00185","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is necessary to prevent infection, morbidity, and mortality. In addition to the usual post-inoculation hypersensitivity reactions including headaches, muscle and joint pain, and fever, especially after the second shot, the mRNA vaccine has risk of inflammation in the heart and heart lining of some recipients, mostly younger people. And the adenovirus vector vaccine can induce rare immune thrombocytopenia. Vaccination should be encouraged according to the information about the effectiveness and safety in individual situation.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122948939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hye‐Jin Park, Sun-Young Kwon, D. Keum, D. Kim, Dong-Eun Kim, J. Kim, Jinhee Kim, W. Baek, J. Ha, I. Hwang, Jung-Jeung Lee, Aehwa Lee, Seon-Kyoung Kim, Ha-Young Jung, W. Park
{"title":"The Development of Evaluation Methods for Outcomes in Medical Humanities Curriculum of a Medical School","authors":"Hye‐Jin Park, Sun-Young Kwon, D. Keum, D. Kim, Dong-Eun Kim, J. Kim, Jinhee Kim, W. Baek, J. Ha, I. Hwang, Jung-Jeung Lee, Aehwa Lee, Seon-Kyoung Kim, Ha-Young Jung, W. Park","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"191 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113977792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal type in primary brain tumors, with most patients dying within one year after initial diagnosis. Its treatment as surgery with radiotherapy and chemotherapy has induced 2 and 5 years survival rates of 25 and 10%, respectively [1]. Moreover, clinical trials have validated only limited benefits of targeted regimens, because of invasive nature and low proliferative activity of GBM [2]. Transcription factors have chief roles in the regulation of cell development and maintenance; they are essential for cell maintenance, proliferation and apoptosis [3]. In these factors, GA-binding protein A forms a heterotetramer complex with its partner GA Binding Protein Transcription Factor Subunit Beta (GABPB) 1 or GABPB2; GABPB1 gene encodes the GABPB1 with its isoforms GABPB1-longer (GABPB1L) and GABPB1-shorter as the products of a different mRNA splicing. Similar to many other E-twenty-six (ETS) factors, they also had oncogenic activities and were associated with the pathogenesis of leukemia, prostate cancer, and other malignancies [4-6]. Recent study introduced novel role of GABPB1L and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in GBM [7]. When combined with temozolomide chemotherapy, inducible GABPB1L knockdown and the associated TERT reduction led to an impaired DNA damage response that resulted in profoundly reduced growth of GBM tumor in pISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00171 Original Article
多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是原发性脑肿瘤中最致命的类型，大多数患者在最初诊断后一年内死亡。手术加放疗和化疗，2年和5年生存率分别为25%和10%[1]。此外，由于GBM的侵袭性和低增殖活性，临床试验仅证实了靶向治疗方案的有限益处[2]。转录因子在细胞发育和维持的调控中起主要作用;它们是细胞维持、增殖和凋亡所必需的[3]。在这些因子中，GA结合蛋白A与其伙伴GA结合蛋白转录因子亚单位β (GABPB) 1或GABPB2形成异源四聚体复合物;GABPB1基因编码GABPB1，其亚型GABPB1-长(GABPB1L)和GABPB1-短(GABPB1 -短)是不同mRNA剪接的产物。与许多其他e - 26 (ETS)因子类似，它们也具有致癌活性，并与白血病、前列腺癌和其他恶性肿瘤的发病机制有关[4-6]。最近的研究介绍了GABPB1L和端粒酶逆转录酶(TERT)在GBM中的新作用[7]。当与替莫唑胺联合化疗时，诱导的GABPB1L下调和相关的TERT减少导致DNA损伤反应受损，导致pISSN 2092-8335·eISSN 2733-5380中GBM肿瘤的生长显著降低。Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00171
{"title":"Analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas Data to Determine the Prognostic Value of GABPB1L and TERT in Glioblastoma","authors":"Jongwan Kim, Soo-Jung Jung, Jae-Ho Lee","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal type in primary brain tumors, with most patients dying within one year after initial diagnosis. Its treatment as surgery with radiotherapy and chemotherapy has induced 2 and 5 years survival rates of 25 and 10%, respectively [1]. Moreover, clinical trials have validated only limited benefits of targeted regimens, because of invasive nature and low proliferative activity of GBM [2]. Transcription factors have chief roles in the regulation of cell development and maintenance; they are essential for cell maintenance, proliferation and apoptosis [3]. In these factors, GA-binding protein A forms a heterotetramer complex with its partner GA Binding Protein Transcription Factor Subunit Beta (GABPB) 1 or GABPB2; GABPB1 gene encodes the GABPB1 with its isoforms GABPB1-longer (GABPB1L) and GABPB1-shorter as the products of a different mRNA splicing. Similar to many other E-twenty-six (ETS) factors, they also had oncogenic activities and were associated with the pathogenesis of leukemia, prostate cancer, and other malignancies [4-6]. Recent study introduced novel role of GABPB1L and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in GBM [7]. When combined with temozolomide chemotherapy, inducible GABPB1L knockdown and the associated TERT reduction led to an impaired DNA damage response that resulted in profoundly reduced growth of GBM tumor in pISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00171 Original Article","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121506491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glucocorticoids are effective for many inflammatory diseases, but long-term use can lead to osteoporosis and resulting fractures. An initial evaluation of fracture risk should be done within six months of starting glucocorticoid use, and fracture risk should be evaluated every 12 months after long-term use. Adequate calcium and vitamin D administration are required when taking 2.5 mg prednisolone daily for more than three months. Bisphosphonates, teriparatide, and denosumab can be used when there is a moderate or higher fracture risk due to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
{"title":"Understanding of Glucocorticoid Induced Osteoporosis","authors":"C. Son","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00164","url":null,"abstract":"Glucocorticoids are effective for many inflammatory diseases, but long-term use can lead to osteoporosis and resulting fractures. An initial evaluation of fracture risk should be done within six months of starting glucocorticoid use, and fracture risk should be evaluated every 12 months after long-term use. Adequate calcium and vitamin D administration are required when taking 2.5 mg prednisolone daily for more than three months. Bisphosphonates, teriparatide, and denosumab can be used when there is a moderate or higher fracture risk due to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126310222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breakfast, as a meal that balances all other meals in a day, affects whether an individual has lunch and how they distribute snacks and meals during the day [1-3]. Individuals who eat breakfast show better health overall than those who skip breakfast as they consume more essential nutrients and dietary fiber; moreover, they also have better academic achievement as breakfast improves their memory [2]. In addition, skipping breakfast is correlated with obesity and abnormal menstruation and increases the risk of anemia caused by iron deficiency, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and mortality [3-6]. As adolescence is the period during which individuals grow physically and mentally at a rapid pace, breakfast is critical in terms of providing nutrients. In particular, skipping breakfast during adolescence may contribute to the development of eating habits associated with chronic disease in adulthood. According to the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the pISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00136 Original Article
早餐作为平衡一天中所有其他膳食的一餐，影响着一个人是否吃午餐以及他们在一天中如何分配零食和膳食[1-3]。总的来说，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更健康，因为他们摄入了更多的必需营养素和膳食纤维;此外，他们也有更好的学习成绩，因为早餐提高了他们的记忆力[2]。此外，不吃早餐与肥胖和月经异常相关，并增加缺铁引起的贫血、糖尿病、代谢综合征和死亡率的风险[3-6]。由于青春期是个人身心快速成长的时期，因此早餐在提供营养方面至关重要。特别是，在青春期不吃早餐可能会导致与成年期慢性病相关的饮食习惯的形成。根据韩国国家健康和营养调查pISSN 2092-8335·eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub预印]https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00136原创文章
{"title":"Association between Skipping Breakfast and Overweight in Korean Adolescents: Analysis of the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey","authors":"Sung Hee Chang, Wan Hong, Y. Suh, D. Kim","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00136","url":null,"abstract":"Breakfast, as a meal that balances all other meals in a day, affects whether an individual has lunch and how they distribute snacks and meals during the day [1-3]. Individuals who eat breakfast show better health overall than those who skip breakfast as they consume more essential nutrients and dietary fiber; moreover, they also have better academic achievement as breakfast improves their memory [2]. In addition, skipping breakfast is correlated with obesity and abnormal menstruation and increases the risk of anemia caused by iron deficiency, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and mortality [3-6]. As adolescence is the period during which individuals grow physically and mentally at a rapid pace, breakfast is critical in terms of providing nutrients. In particular, skipping breakfast during adolescence may contribute to the development of eating habits associated with chronic disease in adulthood. According to the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the pISSN 2092-8335 · eISSN 2733-5380 Keimyung Med J 2021[Epub ahead of print] https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00136 Original Article","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131734292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donguk Yu, J. Jeon, Yaerim Kim, U. Park, Keuntae Kim
A high body temperature, i.e. fever, is a crucial vital sign, and suggests the patient’s infection or inflammation. COVID-19 has changed the lifestyle, and led to the changes in medical use behavior of febrile patients. We investigated the change in etiologies of fever in the emergency department (ED) before and after COVID-19. The medical records of patients with fever who visited the ED of a university hospital before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Daegu metropolitan city, South Korea. The cause of fever and its classification were carefully decided and established by agreement through a discussion among board-certified clinicians in emergency medicine, neurology, general surgery, and internal medicine. The etiology of fever and its prevalence in ED were compared between before and after COVID-19. A total of 3,041 patients with fever (> 37.7°C) in the ED were investigated, with 1,400 men (46.0%). Their mean age was 55.88 ± 20.59, and the average number of patients with fever in ED was 8.16 ± 3.94 per a day. The most common etiology before COVID-19 was respiratory system infection (n = 535, 30.5%), followed by gastrointestinal (n = 313, 17.8%) and urinary tract infection (n = 209, 11.9%). However, after COVID-19, gastrointestinal cause became the most common (n = 247, 27.3%), followed by respiratory system (n = 126, 13.9%) and urinary tract infection (n = 102, 11.3%). There has been paradigm-shifting in fever etiology in the emergency department. It is necessary to cope with the changed fever etiology in the COVID-19 era.
{"title":"The Fever in the Emergency Department: before Versus after COVID-19","authors":"Donguk Yu, J. Jeon, Yaerim Kim, U. Park, Keuntae Kim","doi":"10.46308/kmj.2021.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46308/kmj.2021.00122","url":null,"abstract":"A high body temperature, i.e. fever, is a crucial vital sign, and suggests the patient’s infection or inflammation. COVID-19 has changed the lifestyle, and led to the changes in medical use behavior of febrile patients. We investigated the change in etiologies of fever in the emergency department (ED) before and after COVID-19. The medical records of patients with fever who visited the ED of a university hospital before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Daegu metropolitan city, South Korea. The cause of fever and its classification were carefully decided and established by agreement through a discussion among board-certified clinicians in emergency medicine, neurology, general surgery, and internal medicine. The etiology of fever and its prevalence in ED were compared between before and after COVID-19. A total of 3,041 patients with fever (> 37.7°C) in the ED were investigated, with 1,400 men (46.0%). Their mean age was 55.88 ± 20.59, and the average number of patients with fever in ED was 8.16 ± 3.94 per a day. The most common etiology before COVID-19 was respiratory system infection (n = 535, 30.5%), followed by gastrointestinal (n = 313, 17.8%) and urinary tract infection (n = 209, 11.9%). However, after COVID-19, gastrointestinal cause became the most common (n = 247, 27.3%), followed by respiratory system (n = 126, 13.9%) and urinary tract infection (n = 102, 11.3%). There has been paradigm-shifting in fever etiology in the emergency department. It is necessary to cope with the changed fever etiology in the COVID-19 era.","PeriodicalId":166951,"journal":{"name":"Keimyung Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125585441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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