Abstract. The theoretical efficiency of solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) systems is much greater than their efficiencies achieved in practice. Optical cavities can improve the performance of STPV systems by increasing the emitter-to-PV cell view factor and by facilitating photon recycling, whereby photons are reflected back to the emitter. Photon recycling reduces losses and increases the temperature of the emitter, thereby increasing efficiency. Our study presents STPV systems comprising optical cavities in the form of oblate and prolate spheroids. The geometry of the optical cavity can be tuned to control the degree of photon recycling, emitter temperature, emission losses, and the emitter-to-PV cell effective view factor and separation distance without using complex nano- or microstructured materials or optical filters. Numerical analysis shows an optical cavity in the form of a prolate spheroid, prolate spheroid with a middle annular aperture specular reflector, and integrated oblate- and prolate-spheroid can be used to achieve efficiencies of 17.7%, 18.9%, and 22%, respectively, under solar irradiation at a concentration factor of 1500X. These robust spheroid-based optical cavities can be used to design improved STPV systems with increased durability and higher performance.
{"title":"Spheroid-based optical cavities for tunable photon recycling and emitter temperature control in robust solar thermophotovoltaic systems","authors":"Nima Talebzadeh, P. O'Brien","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.13.018501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.13.018501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The theoretical efficiency of solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) systems is much greater than their efficiencies achieved in practice. Optical cavities can improve the performance of STPV systems by increasing the emitter-to-PV cell view factor and by facilitating photon recycling, whereby photons are reflected back to the emitter. Photon recycling reduces losses and increases the temperature of the emitter, thereby increasing efficiency. Our study presents STPV systems comprising optical cavities in the form of oblate and prolate spheroids. The geometry of the optical cavity can be tuned to control the degree of photon recycling, emitter temperature, emission losses, and the emitter-to-PV cell effective view factor and separation distance without using complex nano- or microstructured materials or optical filters. Numerical analysis shows an optical cavity in the form of a prolate spheroid, prolate spheroid with a middle annular aperture specular reflector, and integrated oblate- and prolate-spheroid can be used to achieve efficiencies of 17.7%, 18.9%, and 22%, respectively, under solar irradiation at a concentration factor of 1500X. These robust spheroid-based optical cavities can be used to design improved STPV systems with increased durability and higher performance.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"13 1","pages":"018501 - 018501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Costa, J. Almeida, D. Liang, D. Garcia, M. Catela, B. Tibúrcio, C. Vistas
Abstract. A multirod solar laser station for the megawatt solar furnace (MWSF) in Odeillo, France, was conceptualized and numerically studied to improve the solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency. 18 heliostats from the 63-heliostat field were selected, and 347 kW of solar power was obtained at its focus. From there, a two-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator further concentrated and redistributed the solar rays toward 11 core-doped Nd:YAG rods, each fixed inside a fused silica flow tube. 11.40 kW of total multimode laser power was calculated, corresponding to a 3.29% solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency. This efficiency value represents an enhancement of 1.70 and 1.26 times over that attained from single-rod solar laser systems in side-pumping configuration tested in Odeillo, France, in which Nd:YAG rods were codoped with Cr3 + and Ce3 + ions, respectively. It was also 1.44 times higher than that obtained by a previously proposed side-pumping scheme with a solar flux homogenizer and 12 Nd:YAG rods for the same MWSF.
{"title":"Multirod approach to enhance solar-to-laser conversion efficiency in the Odeillo solar furnace","authors":"H. Costa, J. Almeida, D. Liang, D. Garcia, M. Catela, B. Tibúrcio, C. Vistas","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.048001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.048001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A multirod solar laser station for the megawatt solar furnace (MWSF) in Odeillo, France, was conceptualized and numerically studied to improve the solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency. 18 heliostats from the 63-heliostat field were selected, and 347 kW of solar power was obtained at its focus. From there, a two-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator further concentrated and redistributed the solar rays toward 11 core-doped Nd:YAG rods, each fixed inside a fused silica flow tube. 11.40 kW of total multimode laser power was calculated, corresponding to a 3.29% solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency. This efficiency value represents an enhancement of 1.70 and 1.26 times over that attained from single-rod solar laser systems in side-pumping configuration tested in Odeillo, France, in which Nd:YAG rods were codoped with Cr3 + and Ce3 + ions, respectively. It was also 1.44 times higher than that obtained by a previously proposed side-pumping scheme with a solar flux homogenizer and 12 Nd:YAG rods for the same MWSF.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"048001 - 048001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45555677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Zhang, Yuan Kong, Yang Ge, Yao Zhang, Junwei Liang, J. Chen, Hangxiang Wang, Quanhong Ma, Jiancheng Zhou
Abstract. Low-cost and effective cocatalyst Ni2O3 was loaded on SrTiO3 (STO) via a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The Ni2O3 / SrTiO3 ( m ) photocatalysts were systematically characterized and applied to visible-light-driven CO2 reduction to investigate their photocatalytic activity. The series of the Ni2O3-modified SrTiO3 photocatalysts presented an improved photocatalytic activity and stability. Here, the N5.4STO ( m ) catalyst showed the best photocatalytic activity, with CO and CH4 yielding up to 11.57 and 1.51 μmol / g, respectively, under visible-light irradiation of 3 h, which were 3.15 and 14.84 times higher than that of pure STO(m), respectively. Based on the characterization and experimental results, the enhanced photocatalytic activity might be attributed to the following reasons: (1) Ni2O3 well dispersed on SrTiO3 served as CO2 attachment sites; (2) the modification of Ni2O3 could red shift the absorption edge and broaden the visible-light response ability; and (3) Ni2O3 nanoparticles act as electron traps to capture photogenerated electrons, effectively blocking the recombination of electron–hole pairs. The work offers important insights into the design of non-noble metal oxide cocatalyst modified photocatalysts for electron capture and photoreduction.
{"title":"Ni2O3-modified SrTiO3 for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity","authors":"Qi Zhang, Yuan Kong, Yang Ge, Yao Zhang, Junwei Liang, J. Chen, Hangxiang Wang, Quanhong Ma, Jiancheng Zhou","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.046501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.046501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Low-cost and effective cocatalyst Ni2O3 was loaded on SrTiO3 (STO) via a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The Ni2O3 / SrTiO3 ( m ) photocatalysts were systematically characterized and applied to visible-light-driven CO2 reduction to investigate their photocatalytic activity. The series of the Ni2O3-modified SrTiO3 photocatalysts presented an improved photocatalytic activity and stability. Here, the N5.4STO ( m ) catalyst showed the best photocatalytic activity, with CO and CH4 yielding up to 11.57 and 1.51 μmol / g, respectively, under visible-light irradiation of 3 h, which were 3.15 and 14.84 times higher than that of pure STO(m), respectively. Based on the characterization and experimental results, the enhanced photocatalytic activity might be attributed to the following reasons: (1) Ni2O3 well dispersed on SrTiO3 served as CO2 attachment sites; (2) the modification of Ni2O3 could red shift the absorption edge and broaden the visible-light response ability; and (3) Ni2O3 nanoparticles act as electron traps to capture photogenerated electrons, effectively blocking the recombination of electron–hole pairs. The work offers important insights into the design of non-noble metal oxide cocatalyst modified photocatalysts for electron capture and photoreduction.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"046501 - 046501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47448430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanfang Zhou, Tairan Xia, Xinwei Niu, Shouliang Sun, Li Xu, Yanzhen Jian, Han Wang
Abstract. Radiative cooling, as a cooling method that does not consume any energy during operation, has become a hot topic in recent years. Unlike passive daytime radiative cooling in buildings, radiative coolers used in photovoltaic modules must also have high light transmittance, which undoubtedly makes relevant research more difficult. Currently, bifacial photovoltaic modules are widely available on the market, if traditional cooling methods are employed in the back of them, including passive cooling such as heat sink and active cooling such as air cooling and water cooling, it will block the rear irradiance into the module. Hence, radiative cooling is an excellent solution. In this paper, polycarbonate (PC) film and one composed with a high reflective layer are proposed. The former has high emissivity in the atmospheric window and the latter has high reflectivity in the near-infrared band. Both achieve a good cooling effect without affecting the normal operation of the module. We also prepared the reflective film on PC by magnetron sputtering, and its optical characteristics were also measured and compared with simulation results. We innovatively use PC material and combine the reflective film with quite simple structure. Compared with other research results, they are simpler and stabler film structures and have the advantages of low cost, easy installation, good cooling effect, and can be directly pasted on the surface of the photovoltaic module. It turns out that the cooling effect can reach 6.02°C with R-PC film and photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved by 0.27% with PC film when hc = 20 W · m − 2 · K − 1 and Ta = 27 ° C. Given its excellent performance, they have a broad application prospect in the daytime passive radiative cooling of bifacial photovoltaic modules.
摘要辐射冷却作为一种在运行过程中不消耗任何能量的冷却方法，近年来已成为一个热门话题。与建筑中的被动式日间辐射冷却不同，光伏组件中使用的辐射冷却器也必须具有高透光率，这无疑增加了相关研究的难度。目前，双面光伏模块在市场上广泛可用，如果在其背面采用传统的冷却方法，包括散热器等被动冷却和空气冷却和水冷却等主动冷却，将阻挡模块的背面辐照度。因此，辐射冷却是一个很好的解决方案。本文提出了聚碳酸酯（PC）薄膜和一种由高反射层组成的薄膜。前者在大气窗口具有高发射率，而后者在近红外波段具有高反射率。两者都能在不影响模块正常运行的情况下实现良好的冷却效果。我们还通过磁控溅射在PC上制备了反射膜，并对其光学特性进行了测量，并与模拟结果进行了比较。我们创新性地使用PC材料，并结合了结构非常简单的反射膜。与其他研究结果相比，它们是更简单、更稳定的薄膜结构，具有成本低、安装方便、冷却效果好、可以直接粘贴在光伏组件表面等优点。结果表明，采用R-PC薄膜的冷却效果可达到6.02°C，采用PC薄膜的光电转换效率可提高0.27% = 20 W · m − 2. · K − 1和Ta = 27 ° C.由于其优异的性能，它们在双面光伏组件的日间被动辐射冷却方面具有广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"Enhancing radiative cooling performance for bifacial photovoltaic module using two kinds of polycarbonate films","authors":"Yanfang Zhou, Tairan Xia, Xinwei Niu, Shouliang Sun, Li Xu, Yanzhen Jian, Han Wang","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.045501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.045501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Radiative cooling, as a cooling method that does not consume any energy during operation, has become a hot topic in recent years. Unlike passive daytime radiative cooling in buildings, radiative coolers used in photovoltaic modules must also have high light transmittance, which undoubtedly makes relevant research more difficult. Currently, bifacial photovoltaic modules are widely available on the market, if traditional cooling methods are employed in the back of them, including passive cooling such as heat sink and active cooling such as air cooling and water cooling, it will block the rear irradiance into the module. Hence, radiative cooling is an excellent solution. In this paper, polycarbonate (PC) film and one composed with a high reflective layer are proposed. The former has high emissivity in the atmospheric window and the latter has high reflectivity in the near-infrared band. Both achieve a good cooling effect without affecting the normal operation of the module. We also prepared the reflective film on PC by magnetron sputtering, and its optical characteristics were also measured and compared with simulation results. We innovatively use PC material and combine the reflective film with quite simple structure. Compared with other research results, they are simpler and stabler film structures and have the advantages of low cost, easy installation, good cooling effect, and can be directly pasted on the surface of the photovoltaic module. It turns out that the cooling effect can reach 6.02°C with R-PC film and photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved by 0.27% with PC film when hc = 20 W · m − 2 · K − 1 and Ta = 27 ° C. Given its excellent performance, they have a broad application prospect in the daytime passive radiative cooling of bifacial photovoltaic modules.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"045501 - 045501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47106450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. We report the results of a theoretical study of the combined end-side pumped solar lasers to solve the problem associated with a recent experimental finding where the unexpected underperformance of the Ce doped Nd:YAG lasers in comparison to pure Nd:YAG lasers was observed. For this, we have developed a theoretical model based on space-dependent rate equations, which considers the effect of the thermal population of the laser levels on the laser output. It is shown that the main reason for the lower laser performance of recently experimentally realized Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser in the end-pumped regime and the fracture of the Ce:Nd:YAG rod at the process is the excessively high thermal load on the end of the laser rod. As a result of our study, we propose easily-feasible solutions based on optimal pumping and cooling configurations. The results of this study also demonstrate that under the necessary conditions, using Ce:Nd:YAG as an alternative to Nd:YAG in the combined end-side pumping configuration could increase the laser output by more than 1.5 times.
{"title":"Influence of thermal population of lower laser levels on the performance of end-side-pumped Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser","authors":"S. Payziyev, A. Sherniyozov","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.044501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.044501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We report the results of a theoretical study of the combined end-side pumped solar lasers to solve the problem associated with a recent experimental finding where the unexpected underperformance of the Ce doped Nd:YAG lasers in comparison to pure Nd:YAG lasers was observed. For this, we have developed a theoretical model based on space-dependent rate equations, which considers the effect of the thermal population of the laser levels on the laser output. It is shown that the main reason for the lower laser performance of recently experimentally realized Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser in the end-pumped regime and the fracture of the Ce:Nd:YAG rod at the process is the excessively high thermal load on the end of the laser rod. As a result of our study, we propose easily-feasible solutions based on optimal pumping and cooling configurations. The results of this study also demonstrate that under the necessary conditions, using Ce:Nd:YAG as an alternative to Nd:YAG in the combined end-side pumping configuration could increase the laser output by more than 1.5 times.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"044501 - 044501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46116917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hayat, A. Baranwal, Masaki Nakamura, Fujisawa Shigeki, S. Pandey, S. Hayase
Abstract. Conventional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) require two transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glasses as working and counter electrodes and are one of the most costly components posing an appreciable cost burden for production and commercialization. To circumvent this issue, we propose a TCO-free device structure utilizing titanium (Ti) sheets as a substitute for TCO. This back contact device structure not only allows the removal of the costly TCO component from the working electrode but also enhances the extent of photons absorbed by the photoanode. A flat titanium sheet with microholes (FTS-MH) was successfully applied to fabricate cylindrical TCO-free-DSSCs) with a titanium sheet as a back contact electrode. When the H2O2 surface-treated FTS-MH substrate generating dense anatase TiO2 nanosheets was used as a photoanode, there was a pronounced improvement in efficiency from 5.76% to 8.59%. This was mainly attributed to the lower interfacial resistance facilitated by improved electrical contact between the conducting FTS-MH substrate and mesoporous TiO2 layer since enhancement in the dye loading was only 8.6%.
{"title":"Cylindrical transparent conductive oxide-free dye-sensitized solar cells with treated flat titanium sheet","authors":"A. Hayat, A. Baranwal, Masaki Nakamura, Fujisawa Shigeki, S. Pandey, S. Hayase","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.045502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.045502","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Conventional dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) require two transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glasses as working and counter electrodes and are one of the most costly components posing an appreciable cost burden for production and commercialization. To circumvent this issue, we propose a TCO-free device structure utilizing titanium (Ti) sheets as a substitute for TCO. This back contact device structure not only allows the removal of the costly TCO component from the working electrode but also enhances the extent of photons absorbed by the photoanode. A flat titanium sheet with microholes (FTS-MH) was successfully applied to fabricate cylindrical TCO-free-DSSCs) with a titanium sheet as a back contact electrode. When the H2O2 surface-treated FTS-MH substrate generating dense anatase TiO2 nanosheets was used as a photoanode, there was a pronounced improvement in efficiency from 5.76% to 8.59%. This was mainly attributed to the lower interfacial resistance facilitated by improved electrical contact between the conducting FTS-MH substrate and mesoporous TiO2 layer since enhancement in the dye loading was only 8.6%.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"045502 - 045502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41529635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. For the employment of organic photovoltaic cells in wearable electronic systems, improvements in energy conversion efficiency and omnidirectionality (angular coverage) are highly appreciated. This study aims at those improvements by introducing shell-shaped active layers. The proposed device structures enhance light absorption and angular range through light coupling to guided modes in the active layer. Two shapes, i.e., a triangle and a semicircle, are examined for the shell cross-sections. Numerical simulation using finite-element analysis and finite-difference time-domain methods demonstrates that the devices with the triangular-shell-shaped active layers exhibit an average absorption enhancement of up to 63% for transverse electric (TE)-polarization and up to 32% for transverse magnetic (TM)-polarization when compared with the flat active layers of the same thicknesses. The average enhancements of the semicircular-shell-shaped active layers are found to be slightly lower than those values, with 60% for TE and 28% for TM. The examined structures also show good omnidirectionality with decent absorption up to an 81 deg incidence angle for the triangular-shell-shaped device and up to a 76 deg angle for the semicircular one when TM polarization is considered. These absorption enhancements and improved angular coverages make the proposed structures highly attractive for wearable electronic system applications.
{"title":"Shell-shaped active layers for omnidirectional organic photovoltaic cells","authors":"D. Hah","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.048501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.048501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. For the employment of organic photovoltaic cells in wearable electronic systems, improvements in energy conversion efficiency and omnidirectionality (angular coverage) are highly appreciated. This study aims at those improvements by introducing shell-shaped active layers. The proposed device structures enhance light absorption and angular range through light coupling to guided modes in the active layer. Two shapes, i.e., a triangle and a semicircle, are examined for the shell cross-sections. Numerical simulation using finite-element analysis and finite-difference time-domain methods demonstrates that the devices with the triangular-shell-shaped active layers exhibit an average absorption enhancement of up to 63% for transverse electric (TE)-polarization and up to 32% for transverse magnetic (TM)-polarization when compared with the flat active layers of the same thicknesses. The average enhancements of the semicircular-shell-shaped active layers are found to be slightly lower than those values, with 60% for TE and 28% for TM. The examined structures also show good omnidirectionality with decent absorption up to an 81 deg incidence angle for the triangular-shell-shaped device and up to a 76 deg angle for the semicircular one when TM polarization is considered. These absorption enhancements and improved angular coverages make the proposed structures highly attractive for wearable electronic system applications.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"048501 - 048501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48542636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. We studied possible techniques for increasing the power-to-power conversion efficiency of the Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser using a simulation model developed with the Monte-Carlo photon tracing method framework. It is suggested that the multi-passage of photons through a medium can enhance the absorption probability. The effectiveness of the multi-pass scheme is experimentally investigated. The application of the multi-pass pumping scheme for Ce:Nd:YAG solar lasers is demonstrated. It is shown that the pumping efficiency in the Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser with the multi-pass pumping cavity is increased by 20%, paving the way for higher power-to-power conversion efficiency.
{"title":"Side-pumped efficient Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser in a multi-pass scheme","authors":"A. Sherniyozov, S. Payziyev","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.034501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.034501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We studied possible techniques for increasing the power-to-power conversion efficiency of the Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser using a simulation model developed with the Monte-Carlo photon tracing method framework. It is suggested that the multi-passage of photons through a medium can enhance the absorption probability. The effectiveness of the multi-pass scheme is experimentally investigated. The application of the multi-pass pumping scheme for Ce:Nd:YAG solar lasers is demonstrated. It is shown that the pumping efficiency in the Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser with the multi-pass pumping cavity is increased by 20%, paving the way for higher power-to-power conversion efficiency.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"034501 - 034501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ahsan, N. Miyashita, K. Yu, W. Walukiewicz, Y. Okada
Abstract. The unique electronic features of highly mismatched alloys such as III-V GaNAs are suitable for the intermediate band solar cell (IBSC) application, in which an intermediate band (IB) acts as a stepping stone to generate additional photocarriers across the host semiconductor bandgap through sequential two-step below-bandgap photon absorption (TSPA). However, the collection of photocarriers in a realistic GaNAs IBSC is much lower and often accompanies S-shape kink features in the current–voltage (J–V) curves under illumination for which a coherent picture is lacking. Based on the solar cell characterization of GaNAs IBSC devices grown with and without barriers, with and without antimony, and with and without indium using molecular beam epitaxy, and also with the photocarrier collection analysis using equivalent circuit models, it was identified that the TSPA and the S-shape J–V of this system depend on two critical factors: (1) high carrier recombination currents (I0CI) across the GaNAs sub-gap between the conduction- and intermediate bands (EgCI) and (2) the counterdiode effect of the AlGaAs IB electron barrier. Dramatic improvements in the S-shape J–V feature of the solar cell characteristics were achieved when lattice-strain was compensated in GaInNAsSb epitaxial layers.
{"title":"Collection of photocarriers in intermediate band solar cells: experiments and equivalent circuit analysis","authors":"N. Ahsan, N. Miyashita, K. Yu, W. Walukiewicz, Y. Okada","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.032210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.032210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The unique electronic features of highly mismatched alloys such as III-V GaNAs are suitable for the intermediate band solar cell (IBSC) application, in which an intermediate band (IB) acts as a stepping stone to generate additional photocarriers across the host semiconductor bandgap through sequential two-step below-bandgap photon absorption (TSPA). However, the collection of photocarriers in a realistic GaNAs IBSC is much lower and often accompanies S-shape kink features in the current–voltage (J–V) curves under illumination for which a coherent picture is lacking. Based on the solar cell characterization of GaNAs IBSC devices grown with and without barriers, with and without antimony, and with and without indium using molecular beam epitaxy, and also with the photocarrier collection analysis using equivalent circuit models, it was identified that the TSPA and the S-shape J–V of this system depend on two critical factors: (1) high carrier recombination currents (I0CI) across the GaNAs sub-gap between the conduction- and intermediate bands (EgCI) and (2) the counterdiode effect of the AlGaAs IB electron barrier. Dramatic improvements in the S-shape J–V feature of the solar cell characteristics were achieved when lattice-strain was compensated in GaInNAsSb epitaxial layers.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"032210 - 032210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45342990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Cotton rope has good water transport performance and plasticity. An efficient three-dimensional evaporator for solar evaporation was prepared by winding the cotton rope into different shapes and covering its surface with carbon black (CB). The light absorption of the evaporator coated with CB was significantly improved, and the average absorptance was 95.8% over the solar spectrum. Using a one-dimensional channel for water supply, the evaporator and bulk water were separated, and thermal localization was realized without thermal insulation materials. The influence of the evaporator shape on evaporation performance was analyzed. Under the same conditions, the evaporation rate of funnel-shaped evaporator was the highest, reaching 1.3033 kg / m2 h. The multiple reflection of light in the funnel-shaped evaporator promoted the capture and absorption of incident light. For the evaporator with a reflector placed below, the evaporation rates of funnel-shaped, plane-shaped, and umbrella-shaped evaporators increased by 2.3%, 1.67%, and 0.814%, respectively. In addition, the evaporator has a self-cleaning function. The salt deposited on the surface can be redissolved and leaves the evaporator with water. An efficient solar evaporator was designed in a simple and economical way. Its self-cleaning function is especially suitable for seawater desalination.
{"title":"Evaporation performance of self-cleaning evaporator with one-dimensional water supply channel for solar evaporation","authors":"Huiling Duan, Yujie Yan, Tong Ling, Yiding Wang","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.038001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.038001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cotton rope has good water transport performance and plasticity. An efficient three-dimensional evaporator for solar evaporation was prepared by winding the cotton rope into different shapes and covering its surface with carbon black (CB). The light absorption of the evaporator coated with CB was significantly improved, and the average absorptance was 95.8% over the solar spectrum. Using a one-dimensional channel for water supply, the evaporator and bulk water were separated, and thermal localization was realized without thermal insulation materials. The influence of the evaporator shape on evaporation performance was analyzed. Under the same conditions, the evaporation rate of funnel-shaped evaporator was the highest, reaching 1.3033 kg / m2 h. The multiple reflection of light in the funnel-shaped evaporator promoted the capture and absorption of incident light. For the evaporator with a reflector placed below, the evaporation rates of funnel-shaped, plane-shaped, and umbrella-shaped evaporators increased by 2.3%, 1.67%, and 0.814%, respectively. In addition, the evaporator has a self-cleaning function. The salt deposited on the surface can be redissolved and leaves the evaporator with water. An efficient solar evaporator was designed in a simple and economical way. Its self-cleaning function is especially suitable for seawater desalination.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"038001 - 038001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46980427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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