Md Azmot Ullah Khan, Naheem Olakunle Adesina, Jian Xu
Abstract. A physics-based analytical model is important to understand the working mechanism through process parameters of any innovative material heterostructure. We present an analytical model to calculate the power conversion efficiency of solar cells based on graphene and III-V direct bandgap semiconductors. The model is comprehensively developed by incorporating several current densities obtained from both the generation and recombination processes. Moreover, to obtain a highly efficient Schottky junction solar cell, we propose an optimized structure of graphene/GaAs with lattice-matched passivation and carrier selective layers. The structure has the advantage of surface passivation and photon recycling that reduces interface recombination and ensures more electron–hole pair generation, respectively. It exhibits a theoretical efficiency of >18 % from the analytical model simulation which is later verified by numerical simulation using SCAPS 1D software. The analytical model will provide not only a better understanding of the solar cells’ operation but also a comparative study among them to achieve better efficiency in the future. In addition, the enhanced efficiency of the proposed structure will encourage further research in this field of study.
{"title":"Analytical modeling and design optimization of a graphene/n-GaAs Schottky junction solar cell","authors":"Md Azmot Ullah Khan, Naheem Olakunle Adesina, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.025502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.025502","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A physics-based analytical model is important to understand the working mechanism through process parameters of any innovative material heterostructure. We present an analytical model to calculate the power conversion efficiency of solar cells based on graphene and III-V direct bandgap semiconductors. The model is comprehensively developed by incorporating several current densities obtained from both the generation and recombination processes. Moreover, to obtain a highly efficient Schottky junction solar cell, we propose an optimized structure of graphene/GaAs with lattice-matched passivation and carrier selective layers. The structure has the advantage of surface passivation and photon recycling that reduces interface recombination and ensures more electron–hole pair generation, respectively. It exhibits a theoretical efficiency of >18 % from the analytical model simulation which is later verified by numerical simulation using SCAPS 1D software. The analytical model will provide not only a better understanding of the solar cells’ operation but also a comparative study among them to achieve better efficiency in the future. In addition, the enhanced efficiency of the proposed structure will encourage further research in this field of study.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"025502 - 025502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44768077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Hot carrier solar cells (HCSCs) were first proposed many decades ago. Over the intervening years, there has been a continuing quest to create these cells that hold promise to shatter the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit on single-junction solar cells. While there have been many positive and suggestive results in recent years, there remains no true operational HCSC. There are perhaps many reasons for this state. Here, many of the requirements for achieving such an HCSC will be discussed and some approaches will be modernized in terms of their science. Valley photovoltaics, in which carriers are transferred to higher-lying valleys of the conduction band will be described and the recent progress is discussed.
{"title":"Pathways to hot carrier solar cells","authors":"D. Ferry, V. R. Whiteside, I. Sellers","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.022204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.022204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hot carrier solar cells (HCSCs) were first proposed many decades ago. Over the intervening years, there has been a continuing quest to create these cells that hold promise to shatter the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit on single-junction solar cells. While there have been many positive and suggestive results in recent years, there remains no true operational HCSC. There are perhaps many reasons for this state. Here, many of the requirements for achieving such an HCSC will be discussed and some approaches will be modernized in terms of their science. Valley photovoltaics, in which carriers are transferred to higher-lying valleys of the conduction band will be described and the recent progress is discussed.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"022204 - 022204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. We examine the potential of a multijunction spectrum-splitting photovoltaic (PV) solar energy system with perovskite PV cells. Spectrum splitting allows combinations of different energy band gap PV cells that are laterally separated and avoids the complications of fabricating tandem stack architectures. Volume holographic optical elements have been shown to be effective for the spectrum-splitting operation and can be incorporated into compact module packages. However, one of the remaining issues for spectrum splitting systems is the availability of low-cost wide band gap and intermediate band gap cells that are required for realizing high overall conversion efficiency. Perovskite PV cells have been fabricated with a wide range of band gap energies that potentially satisfy the requirements for multijunction spectrum-splitting systems. A spectrum-splitting system is evaluated for a combination of perovskite PV cells with energy band gaps of 2.30, 1.63, and 1.25 eV and with conversion efficiencies of 10.4%, 21.6%, and 20.4%, respectively, which have been demonstrated experimentally in the literature. First, the design of a cascaded volume holographic lens for spectral separation in three spectral bands is presented. Second, a rigorous coupled wave model is developed for computing the diffraction efficiency of a cascaded hologram. The model accounts for cross-coupling between higher diffraction orders in the upper and lower holograms, which previous models have not accounted for but is included here with the experimental verification. Lastly, the optical losses in the system are analyzed and the hypothetical power conversion efficiency is calculated to be 26.7%.
{"title":"Lateral spectrum splitting system with perovskite photovoltaic cells","authors":"Benjamin D. Chrysler, S. Shaheen, R. Kostuk","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.022206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.022206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We examine the potential of a multijunction spectrum-splitting photovoltaic (PV) solar energy system with perovskite PV cells. Spectrum splitting allows combinations of different energy band gap PV cells that are laterally separated and avoids the complications of fabricating tandem stack architectures. Volume holographic optical elements have been shown to be effective for the spectrum-splitting operation and can be incorporated into compact module packages. However, one of the remaining issues for spectrum splitting systems is the availability of low-cost wide band gap and intermediate band gap cells that are required for realizing high overall conversion efficiency. Perovskite PV cells have been fabricated with a wide range of band gap energies that potentially satisfy the requirements for multijunction spectrum-splitting systems. A spectrum-splitting system is evaluated for a combination of perovskite PV cells with energy band gaps of 2.30, 1.63, and 1.25 eV and with conversion efficiencies of 10.4%, 21.6%, and 20.4%, respectively, which have been demonstrated experimentally in the literature. First, the design of a cascaded volume holographic lens for spectral separation in three spectral bands is presented. Second, a rigorous coupled wave model is developed for computing the diffraction efficiency of a cascaded hologram. The model accounts for cross-coupling between higher diffraction orders in the upper and lower holograms, which previous models have not accounted for but is included here with the experimental verification. Lastly, the optical losses in the system are analyzed and the hypothetical power conversion efficiency is calculated to be 26.7%.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"022206 - 022206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46207861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The efficiency of solar-pumped lasers (SPLs) is limited when the length of the laser medium is unsuitable. This is because superfluous regions in the laser medium introduce losses and contribute slightly to the stimulation of radiation in the laser resonator. Before designing an SPL, an appropriate length of laser medium is critical. We present a method to calculate the optimal length of the gain medium in SPLs by exploring the relationship between the absorbed solar power and material loss for different laser medium lengths. Thus, the lengths of Nd:YAG crystals with diameters of 3 to 6 mm were optimized, and the output characteristics were calculated numerically. The maximum collection efficiency (CE) (40.1 W / m2) was obtained for the 5.5-mm diameter Nd:YAG crystal rod of length 21.1 mm, which was 1.7 W / m2 higher than the previous numerical record. The optimal length of the 6-mm diameter Nd:YAG crystal rod was found to be 21.9 mm. For a laser rod of this length, a CE of 36.3 W / m2 is expected. This value is 1.13 times greater than the existing experimental record for the Nd:YAG crystal of the same diameter, which highlights the importance of optimizing the length of the laser rod.
摘要当激光介质长度不合适时，太阳能泵浦激光器的效率受到限制。这是因为激光介质中的多余区域引入了损耗，并且对激光谐振腔中的辐射刺激有轻微的贡献。在设计声压级光源之前，选择合适的激光介质长度是至关重要的。通过研究不同激光介质长度下太阳能吸收功率与材料损耗之间的关系，提出了一种计算增益介质最佳长度的方法。为此，对直径为3 ~ 6 mm的Nd:YAG晶体长度进行了优化，并对其输出特性进行了数值计算。对于直径5.5 mm、长度21.1 mm的Nd:YAG晶体棒，获得了最大的收集效率(CE) (40.1 W / m2)，比之前的数值记录提高了1.7 W / m2。发现直径为6 mm的Nd:YAG晶体棒的最佳长度为21.9 mm。对于这种长度的激光棒，期望CE为36.3 W / m2。这一数值是现有相同直径Nd:YAG晶体实验记录的1.13倍，突出了优化激光棒长度的重要性。
{"title":"Investigation of dependence of solar-pumped laser power on laser medium length","authors":"Zitao Cai, Changming Zhao, Haiyang Zhang, Zilong Zhang, Xingyu Yao, Ziying Zhao","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.026501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.026501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The efficiency of solar-pumped lasers (SPLs) is limited when the length of the laser medium is unsuitable. This is because superfluous regions in the laser medium introduce losses and contribute slightly to the stimulation of radiation in the laser resonator. Before designing an SPL, an appropriate length of laser medium is critical. We present a method to calculate the optimal length of the gain medium in SPLs by exploring the relationship between the absorbed solar power and material loss for different laser medium lengths. Thus, the lengths of Nd:YAG crystals with diameters of 3 to 6 mm were optimized, and the output characteristics were calculated numerically. The maximum collection efficiency (CE) (40.1 W / m2) was obtained for the 5.5-mm diameter Nd:YAG crystal rod of length 21.1 mm, which was 1.7 W / m2 higher than the previous numerical record. The optimal length of the 6-mm diameter Nd:YAG crystal rod was found to be 21.9 mm. For a laser rod of this length, a CE of 36.3 W / m2 is expected. This value is 1.13 times greater than the existing experimental record for the Nd:YAG crystal of the same diameter, which highlights the importance of optimizing the length of the laser rod.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"026501 - 026501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45732931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Concentrated photovoltaic (PV) technology represents a growing market in the field of terrestrial solar energy production. As the demand for renewable energy technologies increases, further importance is placed on the modeling, design, and simulation of these systems. Given the cultural shift toward energy awareness and conservation, several concentrated PV systems have been installed across the world. This research presents a new model for carrier concentration within a solar cell. The goal of this innovation is to facilitate the determination of the steady-state operating temperature as a function of the concentration factor for the optical part of the concentrated PV system, to calculate the optimum concentration that maximizes power output and efficiency. This model will be shown to produce a more realistic estimate of the current through a solar cell, which will enable further research into dynamic thermal modeling.
{"title":"Gamma distribution excess minority carrier concentration model for solar cell performance modeling","authors":"John T. Avrett, S. Cain, J. Sattler","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.024501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.024501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Concentrated photovoltaic (PV) technology represents a growing market in the field of terrestrial solar energy production. As the demand for renewable energy technologies increases, further importance is placed on the modeling, design, and simulation of these systems. Given the cultural shift toward energy awareness and conservation, several concentrated PV systems have been installed across the world. This research presents a new model for carrier concentration within a solar cell. The goal of this innovation is to facilitate the determination of the steady-state operating temperature as a function of the concentration factor for the optical part of the concentrated PV system, to calculate the optimum concentration that maximizes power output and efficiency. This model will be shown to produce a more realistic estimate of the current through a solar cell, which will enable further research into dynamic thermal modeling.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"024501 - 024501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45291589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Abdellatif, Ahmad Fathi, Kareem Abdullah, M. M. Hassan, Ziad Khalifa
Abstract. Among various solar cell architectures, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells have demonstrated the capability of being bifacial as both can be fabricated on conducting glass electrodes. In both cells, TiO2 plays a key role in the optoelectronic properties of the cell. Various studies have reported a range of recipes and deposition techniques for TiO2 thin films. Such variety introduces some uncertainties into the optical properties of the prepared films as well as in the process repeatability. Here, we utilized machine learning methods to correlate the film porosity to the film refractive index, making it capable of studying the impact of varying the fabrication and deposition techniques. Image postprocessing for scanning electron microscope measurements was utilized to estimate the film porosity, and the refractive index was calculated from the T–λ spectra. Four sets of samples with complete bifacial DSSCs were fabricated and characterized. They recorded a maximum current of 23.42 mA. They were fabricated using carboxymethyl cellulose-based suspension and deposited via the spin-coating sol-gel method. The fabricated cells showed an overall conversion efficiency of 7.9% under optical injection of the AM1.5G spectrum from the front side and LED indoor lighting from the counter electrode.
{"title":"Investigating the variation in the optical properties of TiO2 thin-film utilized in bifacial solar cells using machine learning algorithm","authors":"S. Abdellatif, Ahmad Fathi, Kareem Abdullah, M. M. Hassan, Ziad Khalifa","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.022202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.022202","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Among various solar cell architectures, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells have demonstrated the capability of being bifacial as both can be fabricated on conducting glass electrodes. In both cells, TiO2 plays a key role in the optoelectronic properties of the cell. Various studies have reported a range of recipes and deposition techniques for TiO2 thin films. Such variety introduces some uncertainties into the optical properties of the prepared films as well as in the process repeatability. Here, we utilized machine learning methods to correlate the film porosity to the film refractive index, making it capable of studying the impact of varying the fabrication and deposition techniques. Image postprocessing for scanning electron microscope measurements was utilized to estimate the film porosity, and the refractive index was calculated from the T–λ spectra. Four sets of samples with complete bifacial DSSCs were fabricated and characterized. They recorded a maximum current of 23.42 mA. They were fabricated using carboxymethyl cellulose-based suspension and deposited via the spin-coating sol-gel method. The fabricated cells showed an overall conversion efficiency of 7.9% under optical injection of the AM1.5G spectrum from the front side and LED indoor lighting from the counter electrode.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"022202 - 022202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43071701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"2021 List of Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1117/1.jpe.12.010102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jpe.12.010102","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to the reviewers who served JPE in 2020.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138496710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bita Farhadi, F. Zabihi, M. Tebyetekerwa, Ishaq Lugoloobi, Aimin Liu
Abstract. Planar perovskite solar cell (PSC) measuring 900 nm total thickness is designed and simulated using Silvaco and SCAPS. Silvaco (Atlas 5.16.3.R) photovoltaic simulating system enables the formation of the stacking model and estimation of the physical properties of various functional materials, whereas SCAPS (version. 3.3.07) patterns the photovoltaic metrics including the fill factor (FF), power conversion efficiency (PCE), open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), maximum voltage (Vm), maximum current (Im), absorption and reflection coefficients, and energy state diagram of the whole device. Alternation of illumination power and use of different buffer materials was utilized as the main tuning strategy. The champion layout was achieved by optimization of the stacking model, material system, and power of illumination, which demonstrated 26.32% PCE, 83.77% FF, Jsc of 26.27 mA / cm2, and the exceptional Voc of 1.19 V. This theoretical performance remains stable in 1000 W / m2 light radiation. The calculated efficiency and FF were very close to the previously reported experimental data, and this proved the high accuracy of this simulation work. These findings promise a feasible application of PSC in high-efficiency wearable electronics.
摘要使用Silvaco和SCAPS设计并模拟了总厚度为900nm的平面钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）。Silvaco（Atlas 5.16.3.R）光伏模拟系统能够形成堆叠模型并估计各种功能材料的物理特性，而SCAPS（版本3.3.07）则对光伏指标进行建模，包括填充因子（FF）、功率转换效率（PCE）、开路电压（Voc）、短路电流密度（Jsc）、最大电压（Vm），最大电流（Im）、吸收和反射系数以及整个器件的能量状态图。改变照明功率和使用不同的缓冲材料被用作主要的调谐策略。通过优化堆叠模型、材料系统和照明功率，获得了冠军布局，PCE为26.32%，FF为83.77%，Jsc为26.27 毫安 / cm2和1.19V的异常Voc。该理论性能在1000内保持稳定 W / m2光辐射。计算的效率和FF与之前报道的实验数据非常接近，这证明了该模拟工作的高精度。这些发现预示着PSC在高效可穿戴电子产品中的可行应用。
{"title":"Influence of the anode buffer layer materials and the light radiation power on the efficiency of a planar p-i-n perovskite solar cell: theory and simulation","authors":"Bita Farhadi, F. Zabihi, M. Tebyetekerwa, Ishaq Lugoloobi, Aimin Liu","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.015503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.015503","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Planar perovskite solar cell (PSC) measuring 900 nm total thickness is designed and simulated using Silvaco and SCAPS. Silvaco (Atlas 5.16.3.R) photovoltaic simulating system enables the formation of the stacking model and estimation of the physical properties of various functional materials, whereas SCAPS (version. 3.3.07) patterns the photovoltaic metrics including the fill factor (FF), power conversion efficiency (PCE), open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), maximum voltage (Vm), maximum current (Im), absorption and reflection coefficients, and energy state diagram of the whole device. Alternation of illumination power and use of different buffer materials was utilized as the main tuning strategy. The champion layout was achieved by optimization of the stacking model, material system, and power of illumination, which demonstrated 26.32% PCE, 83.77% FF, Jsc of 26.27 mA / cm2, and the exceptional Voc of 1.19 V. This theoretical performance remains stable in 1000 W / m2 light radiation. The calculated efficiency and FF were very close to the previously reported experimental data, and this proved the high accuracy of this simulation work. These findings promise a feasible application of PSC in high-efficiency wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"015503 - 015503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47879709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James E. Moore, M. Lumb, K. Schmieder, Wolfgang Wagner
Abstract. Conventional concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) employing two-axis tracking are generally only economically competitive with cheaper, less efficient alternatives in locations with large amounts of direct sunlight. Adding a diffuse light collector to a CPV panel in the form of a silicon back panel can potentially improve the light collection under cloudy conditions and expand the range of climates in which CPV is useful. However, to understand the performance advantages available with diffuse collection, a realistic forecasting tool to predict performance in different locations is required. We introduce a model to evaluate the annual energy yield of a hybrid CPV and Si module and compare the results with several conventional stand-alone Si and CPV modules. The advantages of including a bifacial Si panel as the diffuse collector will also be investigated.
{"title":"Forecasting annual energy yield enhancement from diffuse light collectors for III-V multijunction microconcentrator photovoltaics","authors":"James E. Moore, M. Lumb, K. Schmieder, Wolfgang Wagner","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.015501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.015501","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Conventional concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) employing two-axis tracking are generally only economically competitive with cheaper, less efficient alternatives in locations with large amounts of direct sunlight. Adding a diffuse light collector to a CPV panel in the form of a silicon back panel can potentially improve the light collection under cloudy conditions and expand the range of climates in which CPV is useful. However, to understand the performance advantages available with diffuse collection, a realistic forecasting tool to predict performance in different locations is required. We introduce a model to evaluate the annual energy yield of a hybrid CPV and Si module and compare the results with several conventional stand-alone Si and CPV modules. The advantages of including a bifacial Si panel as the diffuse collector will also be investigated.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"015501 - 015501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49644863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Corncob is an extremely cheap and easily available biomass with excellent hydrophilicity. Crisscross pores of corncob provide channels for efficient water transport. An efficient solar evaporator is prepared by coating carbon black (CB) film on corncob. The light absorption of corncob coated with CB film is significantly enhanced, and the absorptance is more than 94% in solar waveband. The evaporation rate of CB-coated corncob is 1.425 kg/m2h, 78.1% higher than that of uncoated corncob. The height of corncob above water has an important influence on evaporation performance. The maximum evaporation rate is 1.88 kg/m2h when the corncob is 2 cm above water. Compared with 0 cm above water, the evaporation rate of corncob with 1, 2, and 3 cm above water increases by 13.7%, 32%, and 24%, respectively. The effect of light intensity on evaporation performance is studied. Although increasing the light intensity can achieve a higher evaporation rate, it will increase the complexity and cost of the solar evaporation device. With the advantages of rich raw materials and low cost, the corncob-based interfacial evaporator can reuse the crop waste. More importantly, the preparation method is very simple, and the whole process does not need to use complex mechanical equipment. This study will boost the applications of biomass materials in the field of solar vapor generation.
{"title":"Corncob-based evaporator for high-efficiency solar vapor generation","authors":"Huiling Duan, Tong Ling, Yujie Yan, Yiding Wang","doi":"10.1117/1.JPE.12.018001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.12.018001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Corncob is an extremely cheap and easily available biomass with excellent hydrophilicity. Crisscross pores of corncob provide channels for efficient water transport. An efficient solar evaporator is prepared by coating carbon black (CB) film on corncob. The light absorption of corncob coated with CB film is significantly enhanced, and the absorptance is more than 94% in solar waveband. The evaporation rate of CB-coated corncob is 1.425 kg/m2h, 78.1% higher than that of uncoated corncob. The height of corncob above water has an important influence on evaporation performance. The maximum evaporation rate is 1.88 kg/m2h when the corncob is 2 cm above water. Compared with 0 cm above water, the evaporation rate of corncob with 1, 2, and 3 cm above water increases by 13.7%, 32%, and 24%, respectively. The effect of light intensity on evaporation performance is studied. Although increasing the light intensity can achieve a higher evaporation rate, it will increase the complexity and cost of the solar evaporation device. With the advantages of rich raw materials and low cost, the corncob-based interfacial evaporator can reuse the crop waste. More importantly, the preparation method is very simple, and the whole process does not need to use complex mechanical equipment. This study will boost the applications of biomass materials in the field of solar vapor generation.","PeriodicalId":16781,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photonics for Energy","volume":"12 1","pages":"018001 - 018001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43309150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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