{"title":"Evaluation of Oxytetracycline Residue in Muscles and Organs of Broiler Birds in Sokoto Metropolis","authors":"S. Abubakar, M. B. Bislava, A. Bukar, U. M. Kolo","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.58.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.58.64","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73449613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abolaji Samson Ola, J. Oluwafemi, Olayinka Anthony Ad, Opeyemi Abigail Ak, Olaide Damilola O
{"title":"Immune Response and Antibody-Dependent Mechanism Against Viral Infections: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine as a Case Study","authors":"Abolaji Samson Ola, J. Oluwafemi, Olayinka Anthony Ad, Opeyemi Abigail Ak, Olaide Damilola O","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.50.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.50.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72760063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia Marie Blan, S. Guenné, Nag-Tiero Roland Med, C. Ouedraogo, Nabéré Ouattara, K. Benjamin K, A. Ciobica, Anicet Georges Ou
{"title":"Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. (Asteraceae) Methanolic Extract Phenolics contain Behavioural Effects on NMRI Mice","authors":"Sonia Marie Blan, S. Guenné, Nag-Tiero Roland Med, C. Ouedraogo, Nabéré Ouattara, K. Benjamin K, A. Ciobica, Anicet Georges Ou","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.65.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.65.72","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75499805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Messanh Delagnon Irenee Kue, Yendube Tougueligh, Sabrina Chris Janiba San, K. Mawussi, Y. Layibo, Aboudoulatif Diallo, K. Eklu-Gadeg
{"title":"Effect of Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae) on Blood Coagulation","authors":"Messanh Delagnon Irenee Kue, Yendube Tougueligh, Sabrina Chris Janiba San, K. Mawussi, Y. Layibo, Aboudoulatif Diallo, K. Eklu-Gadeg","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.73.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.73.80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87974442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah N. Tanner, Devan E. Atkins, Kimberly L. Bosh, Grace W. Breakfield, Sydney E. Daniels, Makayla J. Devore, Hailey E. Fite, Landys Z. Guo, Danielle K.J. Henry, Alana K. Kaffenb, Katherine S. Manning, Tatum E. Mowery, Cecilia L. Pankau, Malina E. Serrano, Yamaan Shakhashir, Ruth A. Ward, Aubrey H. Wehry, Robin L. Cooper
Background and Objective: Pharmacological agents 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) block different subsets of voltage-gated potassium (K+) channels. The potassium channels in the chordotonal organs in crab limbs are sensitive to both blockers. These organs serve as a model of proprioceptive sensation and have rapidly and slowly-adapting sensory neurons. Since 4-AP is used clinically in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis, a better understanding of its action on proprioceptive models will increase our knowledge of the potential effects in mammalian systems. Materials and Methods: To assess the action of these blockers on the function of proprioceptive sensory neurons, the neurons were evoked by movements associated with the joint while applying these compounds individually or in combination. The model organism was the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). Results: Both 4-AP and TEA individually and in combination decreased the activity of evoked compound action potentials in isolated nerves. Conclusion: The blockers appeared to act on electrical induction and conduction within the axons, suggesting that the crab limb proprioceptive organs can be used as a model for future pharmacological investigations to increase our understanding of mechanosensitive channels and neuronal activity.
{"title":"Effect of TEA and 4-AP on Primary Sensory Neurons in a Crustacean Model","authors":"Hannah N. Tanner, Devan E. Atkins, Kimberly L. Bosh, Grace W. Breakfield, Sydney E. Daniels, Makayla J. Devore, Hailey E. Fite, Landys Z. Guo, Danielle K.J. Henry, Alana K. Kaffenb, Katherine S. Manning, Tatum E. Mowery, Cecilia L. Pankau, Malina E. Serrano, Yamaan Shakhashir, Ruth A. Ward, Aubrey H. Wehry, Robin L. Cooper","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.14.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.14.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Pharmacological agents 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) block different subsets of voltage-gated potassium (K+) channels. The potassium channels in the chordotonal organs in crab limbs are sensitive to both blockers. These organs serve as a model of proprioceptive sensation and have rapidly and slowly-adapting sensory neurons. Since 4-AP is used clinically in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis, a better understanding of its action on proprioceptive models will increase our knowledge of the potential effects in mammalian systems. Materials and Methods: To assess the action of these blockers on the function of proprioceptive sensory neurons, the neurons were evoked by movements associated with the joint while applying these compounds individually or in combination. The model organism was the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). Results: Both 4-AP and TEA individually and in combination decreased the activity of evoked compound action potentials in isolated nerves. Conclusion: The blockers appeared to act on electrical induction and conduction within the axons, suggesting that the crab limb proprioceptive organs can be used as a model for future pharmacological investigations to increase our understanding of mechanosensitive channels and neuronal activity.","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85092612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David O. Oshadu, Joseph O. Ajanusi, Patricia N. Chiezey, Mohammed S. Abubaka, James T. Tanko, S. James Samb, B. Mohammed
{"title":"Toxicological Evaluation and Therapeutic Index of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Acanthus montanus (Acanthaceae) in Mice","authors":"David O. Oshadu, Joseph O. Ajanusi, Patricia N. Chiezey, Mohammed S. Abubaka, James T. Tanko, S. James Samb, B. Mohammed","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.28.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.28.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81862213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nalini More, Varun V. Joshi, Manoj Mahajan, C. Upasani, Aman B. Upaganlawa
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil Solubilized Curcumin in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy","authors":"Nalini More, Varun V. Joshi, Manoj Mahajan, C. Upasani, Aman B. Upaganlawa","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2022.36.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2022.36.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83806290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Invertebrates to mammals attempt to maintain heart rate under different physiological and pathological conditions by directly stretching myocytes as well as hormonal and neural regulation. Contractility increases with stretching of a heart tube in insect larvae as well as for the large ventricles of a mammal. This is a result of stretch activated ion channels, one type being transient receptor protein-ankyrin (TrpA) receptors. These TrpA receptors are known to increase in expression in cardiac pathologies of mammals, but it is not known if this is beneficial or detrimental. Hence the objective of the current study was to increase expression of the mechanosensitive channels (TrpA1) in the larval Drosophila heart to determine if they were responsible for maintaining the heart rate during pulsatile perfusion. Materials and Methods: Drosophila lines were constructed so the F1 generation selectively expressed TrpA1 in cardiac tissue. Larvae were dissected to expose the hearts to pulsatile perfusion for 4 hrs. The heart rates were counted and compared for significance using an ANOVA or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Pulsatile supra-perfusion helps to maintain heart beats for over four hrs in situ which allows prolonged physiological and pharmacological studies. The parental (UAS-TrpA1) and over expressors (Tinc>TrpA1) of receptors relatively maintained heart rate at 20 E C for about 4 hrs. At 30 E C the parental line (UAS-TrpA1) was able to maintain heart rate better than the over expressors (Tinc>TrpA1). Conclusion: The TrpA1 blocker, HC-030031 at 30 µM, 100 µM and 1 mM, did not block the induced depolarization of body wall muscle at 30 E C for larvae expressing TrpA1 receptors. Controls also did not show an effect with exposure to HC-030031
{"title":"Mechanosensitive Proteins in Regulating Heart Rate in Larval Drosophila","authors":"Nicole T. Marguer, Shelby McCubbin, R. Cooper","doi":"10.3923/jpt.2021.37.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2021.37.46","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Invertebrates to mammals attempt to maintain heart rate under different physiological and pathological conditions by directly stretching myocytes as well as hormonal and neural regulation. Contractility increases with stretching of a heart tube in insect larvae as well as for the large ventricles of a mammal. This is a result of stretch activated ion channels, one type being transient receptor protein-ankyrin (TrpA) receptors. These TrpA receptors are known to increase in expression in cardiac pathologies of mammals, but it is not known if this is beneficial or detrimental. Hence the objective of the current study was to increase expression of the mechanosensitive channels (TrpA1) in the larval Drosophila heart to determine if they were responsible for maintaining the heart rate during pulsatile perfusion. Materials and Methods: Drosophila lines were constructed so the F1 generation selectively expressed TrpA1 in cardiac tissue. Larvae were dissected to expose the hearts to pulsatile perfusion for 4 hrs. The heart rates were counted and compared for significance using an ANOVA or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Pulsatile supra-perfusion helps to maintain heart beats for over four hrs in situ which allows prolonged physiological and pharmacological studies. The parental (UAS-TrpA1) and over expressors (Tinc>TrpA1) of receptors relatively maintained heart rate at 20 E C for about 4 hrs. At 30 E C the parental line (UAS-TrpA1) was able to maintain heart rate better than the over expressors (Tinc>TrpA1). Conclusion: The TrpA1 blocker, HC-030031 at 30 µM, 100 µM and 1 mM, did not block the induced depolarization of body wall muscle at 30 E C for larvae expressing TrpA1 receptors. Controls also did not show an effect with exposure to HC-030031","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83694987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antioxidant and in vitro Toxicity Assessment of Elegant Explosion Daylily Flower (Hemerocallis spp.) Extract in Hepatic Cell Line","authors":"J. Johnson, S. Ogutu, J. Boateng","doi":"10.3923/JPT.2021.22.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JPT.2021.22.36","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"16 1","pages":"22-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75218941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Omale, J. Aguiyi, O. Adekunle, T. Johnson, S. O. Ochala, M. Etuh, M. Eze
{"title":"Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Effects of the Stem Bark Extract of Parinari curatellifolia (Planch. ex Benth.) in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"S. Omale, J. Aguiyi, O. Adekunle, T. Johnson, S. O. Ochala, M. Etuh, M. Eze","doi":"10.3923/JPT.2021.9.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JPT.2021.9.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73278580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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